Civil War Study Guide
Civil War Study Guide
1. Jefferson Davis-South PRESIDENT of CSA, Robert E. LeeSouth
COMMANDER GENERAL-Army of Northern Virginia, Lee opposed
secession, but did not believe the Union should be held together by
force), who urged Southerners to accept defeat and unite as Americans
again, when some Southerners wanted to fight on after Appomattox ,
STONEWALL JACKSONLee’s right hand man-South, President Abraham Lincoln-North
who insisted that the Union be held together, by force if necessary ,
Ulysses Grant-North-COMMANDER GENERAL
who won victories over the South after several other Union commanders
had failed
WILLIAM T. SHERMAN-NORTH
GRANT’S RIGHT HAND MAN FREDERICK DOUGLASS-NORTHABOLITIONIST
• 1. OPPOSED PUNISHING THE SOUTH
• ELECTED PRESIDENT-SERVED 2 TERMS DURING
RECONSTRUCTION
• Advocated rights for the freedman
• Opposed retribution directed at the defeated South, URGED
SOUTHERNERS TO RECONCILE
• PRESIDENT WASHINGTON AND LEE UNIVERSITY
• EMPHASIZED EDUCATION FOR NATION’S FUTURE
SUPPORTED EQUALITY FOR AFRICAN
AMERICANS IN 14TH & 15TH AMENDMENTS
• ENCOURAGED GOVERNMENT TO HELP
FREEDMEN IN SOUTH
• SERVED AS AMBASSADOR TO HAITI AND IN
CIVIL SERVICE
• 2. B-BEECHER STOWE “UNCLE TOM’S CABIN”
• A-ABOLITIONISTS
• D-DISAGREEMENTS-TARIFFS, SLAVERY,
STATES RIGHTS
•
•
•
•
L-LOUSY PRESIDENTS-Pierce, Buchanan
U-U.S. Supreme Court-Dred Scott Decision
C-COMPROMISES FAILED-MO, 1850, KN
K-KICKED OFF WAR WITH SECESSION
AND FEDERAL TROOPS IN CHARLESTONLINCOLN ELECTION
3. Fort Sumter
4. The Anaconda Plan
5. The Confederate plan-go on the defense
•6. People Industry Railroads, Food sources, Lack of strong
passion for cause Lack of good generals at the beginning.
7. 1862- BLOODIEST SINGLE BATTLE IN AMERICAN HISTORY26,000 DEAD.
• CONSIDERED A DRAW –BUT THE SOUTH LOST MORE MEN
8. ANTIETAM
9. FREED SLAVES IN CONFEDERACY ONLYA-ALLOWED
ENLISTMENT AFRICAN AMERICANS M-MADE ABOLISHMENT OF
SLAVERY WAR AIM E-ENDED INTERFERENCE FROM FOREIGN
NATIONS
10. Gettysburg
• 11. Lincoln described the war aim now
as a struggle to preserve the nation“SECOND AMERICAN
REVOLUTION”,“All men are created
equal”,Government “of the people, by the
people, for the people”,America is “ONE
NATION” not a collection of sovereign
states as the South believed.
12. Sherman
13. EMANCIPATION ALLOWED FOR
ENLISTMENT, BY WAR’S END 10% OF
UNION ARMY, SERVED IN SEGREGATED
UNITS-EX. 54TH INFANTRY-GLORY,WHEN
CAPTURED BY CONFEDERATES-KILLED
NOT JAILED
14. APRIL 9, 1865- The last major Confederate
Army surrendered to Grant at Appomattox
Courthouse (VA)
15. MANAGED HOMES AND FAMILIES WITH
SCARCE RESOURCESFACED POVERTY AND
HUNGER,BECAME FARMERS, NURSES, AND
WORKED IN WAR INDUSTRIES
16. HAND TO HAND COMBAT,DIARIES AND
LETTERS TELL THE STORY,PERMANENT
DISABILTIES,SOUTH-HOMES, FARMLAND
DESTROYED
17. Lincoln’s Assassination, Andrew Johnson
(VICE PRESIDENT) becomes President
18. President after Lincoln’s Assassination
19. BELIEVED IN GUARANTEEING
VOTING AND OTHER CIVIL RIGHTS TO
AFRICAN AMERICANS-because the South
had passed discriminatory BLACK CODES
against African Americans.
• WANTED TO PUNISH THE SOUTH
• CLASHED WITH JOHNSON OVER CIVIL
RIGHTS FOR FREED SLAVES
20.Radical Republicans
21. Carpetbaggers
22.13th Amendment-1865-ABOLISHED
SLAVERY, 14th Amendment1868EQUAL RIGHTS TO ALL,
15thAmendment-1870VOTING
RIGHTS TO BLACK MALES
*
23. Set up requirements for readmission to the Union,
A-abolished state governments approved by Lincoln
and Johnson-Divided the Southern States into 5
military
districts.
24. MILITARY OCCUPATION ENDED IN
SOUTH IN RETURN-SUPPORT IN
ELECTORAL COLLEGE FROM SOUTHERN
DEMOCRATS FOR REPUBLICAN
CANDIDATE FOR PRESIDENTRUTHERFORD B. HAYES.
25. Ulysses S. Grant
26. BEGAN-LAWS DISCRIMINATING AGAINST BLACKS IN
THE SOUTH-TOTAL WHITE CONTROL OF THE SOUTH-EX.
VOTING POLL TAXES, LITERACY TESTS,LYNCHINGS, AND
THE RISE OF THE KKK.
27. North Economy: Northern and Midwest economy booming
because of war profits. Northerners sought to expand markets.,
Would lead to the Industrial Revolution
• South Economy: The South’s economy was ruined:
sharecropping grew as labor system-poor tenant farming.
• Farmland destroyed in total war/poor for decades
• Atlanta and Richmond ruined-largest cities in the South
Confederate Money Worthless
28. TRANSCONTINENTAL RR, COMPLETED IN
1869,SPURRED WESTWARD
EXPANSION,MOVED SETTLERS BETWEEN THE
MISSISSIPPI RIVER AND THE PACIFIC OCEAN
29. Maryland,Delaware,Missouri and Kentucky
and West Virginia, WESTERN COUNTIES OF
VIRGINIA ANTI-SLAVERY - THEY SECEDED AND
FORMED WEST VIRGINIA, Slave states that stayed
in the Union.
1. Homestead Act- gave free public land in
the west to anyone willing to live on and
cultivate the land for 5 years.
2. African Americans called Exodusters
and Southerners moved west for
opportunities
3. Long Drive-cowboys would “drive”
cattle across the west, Brought to an end
by expansion of railroads and barbed wire
4. Forcible removal of Indians continued
throughout the 19th century. Wounded
Knee, South Dakota- ends Native American
resistance on the Great Plains
5. BY EARLY 20TH CENTURY ALL STATES
IN THE CONTINENTAL UNITED STATES
HAD BEEN ADMITTED.,*Arizona-last 1912