El Presente
Los 10 Verbos más comunes del
Español y los Verbos regulares,
reflexivos, de bota, y irregulares
Verbos y Sujetos
• In spanish verbs change their ending to
indicate what subject is doing the verb´s
action
• That subject can be any person, place or thing
• Subject pronouns (or personal pronouns) can
take the place of a person´s name.
Pronombres de Sujeto
Yo
Nosotros/Nosotras
Tú
Vosotros/Vosotras
Él/Ella/Ud.
Ellos/Ellas/Uds.
Conjugación
• Conjugation is the process of changing verbs
to indicate which subject is doing the action of
the verb
• To conjugate you:
– Take off the infinitive ending (AR, ER, IR)
– Replace with subject ending
Las Formas de los Verbos AR en el Presente
Yo necesito
Nosotros necesitamos
Tú necesitas
Vosotros necesitáis
Él/Ella/Ud. Necesita
Ellos/Ellas/Uds. necesitan
yo como
tú comes
Verbos ER: comer (to eat)
nosotros comemos
vosotros coméis
él/ella/ud. come
ellos/ellas/uds. comen
Verbos IR: escribir (to write)
Nosotros escribimos
yo escribo
tú escribes
él/ella/ud. escribe
vosotros escribís
ellos/ellas/uds. escriben
Los 10 Verbos Más Comunes del
Español
1. Estar—estoy, estás, está, estamos, estáis,
están (to be)
2. Ir—voy, vas, va, vamos, vais, van (to go)
3. Ser—soy, eres, es, somos, sois, son (to be)
4. Hacer—hago, haces, hace, hacemos, hacéis,
hacen (to do/make)
5. Tener—tengo, tienes, tiene, tenemos, tenéis,
tienen (to have)
Los 10 Verbos Más Comunes del
Español (cont.)
6. Decir—digo, dices, dice, decimos, decís, dicen (to
say)
7. Venir—vengo, vienes, viene, venimos, venís,
vienen (to come)
8. Oir—oigo, oyes, oye, oímos, oís, oyen (to hear)
9. Poder—puedo, puedes, puede, podemos, podéis,
pueden (to be able to)
10. Poner—pongo, pones, pone, ponemos, ponéis,
ponen (to put/place)
Reflexive Verbs
• The subject of a verb is the person or thing “doing” the verb
• The object of a verb is the person or thing receiving the
action of the verb
• A verb is reflexive when the subject and the object are the
same.
• Ejemplo: I wash myself.
subject: I verb: wash
object: myself
• Since the subject and object are the same, the verb is
reflexive.
• I wash the car.
subject: I verb: wash
object: car
• Since the subject and object are different, the verb is not
reflexive.
Verbos Reflexivos
• When a verb is reflexive, the infinitive ends in "se.“
– ejemplos: lavarse, despertarse, acostarse
• When you learned to conjugate regular verbs, you
needed to learn a set of pronouns called "subject
pronouns."
• Ejemplo: lavar—yo lavo, tú lavas, él, ella, ud. lava etc.
• To learn to conjugate reflexive verbs, you need to learn
a different set of pronouns called "reflexive pronouns."
• When conjugating these pronouns are positioned
before the verb, the ending "se" is dropped and the
verb is conjugated normally.
• Ejemplo: lavarse—yo me lavo: I wash (myself)
Verbos Reflexivos
• The reflexive pronouns:
– me (myself)
te (yourself)
se (himself, herself, yourself)
nos (ourselves)
os (yourselves)
se (themselves, yourselves)
• The purpose of the reflexive pronouns is to show that the
subject takes action on themselves.
– Ejemplo: Juan se lava la cara: Juan washes his face. (reflexive)
– Juan lava su carro. (non-reflexive) : Juan washes his car.
– Note: When referring to body parts (reflexive), use the definite
article, thus "la cara" not "su cara."
Verbos Reflexivos
• Note that many, many verbs can be made
reflexive. All it means when a verb is reflexive
is that the action remains with the subject.
• EN FIN: LOS PASOS
– 1: take off the “se,” match it to the subject—
subject and object are the same—and position it
in front of the verb
– 2: conjugate the verb normally for the subject
(just like always)
Verbos de Bota
Stem-changing verbs
Verbos de Bota
• Some verbs change their STEM, the part of
the verb before their AR, ER, or IR ending.
• The stem-changing verbs in the present tense
change in all forms except the nosotros and
vosotros forms.
• We say that these changes occur in the BOOT
• The common stem-changes are o-ue, e-ie and
e-i
Ejemplos
O-UE
Poder:
E-IE
Querer:
E-I
Pedir:
puedo
podemos
quiero
queremos
pido
pedimos
puedes
podéis
quieres
queréis
pides
pedís
puede
pueden
quiere
quieren
pide
piden