Bell Ringer
What happened in Haymarket Square
during a protest?
 What did the Pullman company build?
 Why did the Carnegie Steel Company in
Homestead, Pennsylvania go on strike?

Objective 5-5

Describe the changing role of government
in economic and political affairs
Post Reconstruction Politics
Presidential Assassination
- James A. Garfield
- Shot in a DC train station
- because he refuse to give a
man a job
- Problem with “spoils system”
Chester A. Arthur
- Become President
- vows to change government
- helped create the Pendleton Act
- Fed. Employees have to be
qualified to get govt. jobs
- subject performance exams
Post Reconstruction Politics
Sherman Antitrust Act
- Made it illegal to form
monopolies
- Govt. trying to regulate
big business
- Worked to eliminate
monopolies
Post Reconstruction Politics
Political Machines
- Group that controls the
political activities of a city
- William “Boss” Tweed ran
most famous Political Machine
- Tammany Hall, NYC building
Boss Tweed used to house PM
- Graft – use political influence
for personal gain (ex. Courthouse
project projected cost $10
million, actual cost $ 3million=
$7million profit)
Post Reconstruction Politics
Tweed Ring Scandal
- Tweed steal money from
people of New York City
- Thomas Nast- drew political
cartoons of Tweed Ring
- Nast drew “nasty” pictures of
Boss Tweed
- Public turned away from Tweed
because of cartoons
- Tweed indicted on 120 counts
of fraud (sentenced to 12 years)
- served 1 year, quickly arrested
on other charges
- Broke out of jail (moved to
Spain)
- Caught because of Nast cartoon

Thomas Nast Political cartoons
Post Reconstruction Politics
Credit Mobilier Scandal
- Railroad Financial Scandal
- Used Grafts to steal money
from taxpayers
-Charging 2 times actual cost of
jobs
- Railroad giving money to
Congress to look the other way
- Major scandal for government
Post Reconstruction Politics
Government starts reforms
-Secret Ballot- voter choices are
secret. No intimidation!
- Initiative- petition to vote on an
issue
- Referendum- vote to accept or
reject a particular proposal
- Recall- voters can remove
elected official from office
Post Reconstruction Politics
Election of 1884
- Grover Cleveland (Dem)
- James Blaine (Rep)
corruption
- Republican Party splits over financial
- Mugwumps- Republicans that joined the
Democratic Party because of the dislike of James
Blaine and his financial
corruption
Grover Cleveland (Dem)
-Cleveland wins election
James Blaine (Rep)
Mugwumps
Little Lost Mugwump
Blaine in 1884
Questions
Why was President Garfield assassinated?
 What was created in response the
Garfield's assassination?
 Who ran a political machine out of
Tammany Hall in NYC?
 Who was the artist who drew pictures of
the Tweed ring scandal and actually
brought down the PM?

Vocabulary
Pendleton Act
 Sherman Antitrust Act
 Political Machine
 Boss Tweed
 Credit Mobilier
