CXI Reference Laser System
Preliminary Design Review
WBS 1.3.3
Sébastien Boutet – CXI Instrument Scientist
Paul Montanez – CXI Lead Engineer
Kay Fox – CXI Mechanical Designer
March 3, 2009
Sébastien BOUTET
sboutet@slac.stanford.edu
CXI
Outline
CXI Overview
Reference Laser Physics Requirements
Preliminary Design and Analyses
Design Interfaces
Controls
Safety
Cost & Schedule
Summary
2
Sébastien Boutet - sboutet@slac.stanford.edu
Paul Montanez – montanez@slac.stanford.edu
CXI
Coherent Diffractive Imaging of Biomolecules
One pulse, one measurement
Particle
injection
LCLS
pulse
Noisy diffraction
pattern
Combine 105-107 measurements into 3D dataset
3
Wavefront
sensor or
second
detector
Gösta Huldt, Abraham
Szöke, Janos Hajdu
(J.Struct Biol, 2003 02ERD-047)
Sébastien Boutet - sboutet@slac.stanford.edu
Paul Montanez – montanez@slac.stanford.edu
CXI
CXI Instrument Location
Near Experimental Hall
AMO
(LCLS)
X-ray Transport Tunnel
XPP
XCS
CXI
Endstation
Source to Sample distance : ~ 440 m
Far Experimental Hall
4
Sébastien Boutet - sboutet@slac.stanford.edu
Paul Montanez – montanez@slac.stanford.edu
CXI
Far Experimental Hall
CXI Control
Room
XCS Control Room
Lab Area
Hutch #6
X-ray Correlation Spectroscopy
Instrument
Coherent X-ray Imaging
Instrument
5
Sébastien Boutet - sboutet@slac.stanford.edu
Paul Montanez – montanez@slac.stanford.edu
CXI
CXI Instrument in Hutch 5
6
Sébastien Boutet - sboutet@slac.stanford.edu
Paul Montanez – montanez@slac.stanford.edu
CXI
CXI Instrument Design
Particle injector
0.1 micron
KB system
Diagnostics &
Wavefront Monitor
1 micron focus
KB system (not
shown)
Sample Chamber
Detector Stage
7
Sébastien Boutet - sboutet@slac.stanford.edu
Paul Montanez – montanez@slac.stanford.edu
CXI
Reference Laser Purpose
CXI Detector Stage
CXI Detector
Purpose
Rough alignment of the experiment without the X-ray beam
Provides a visible line to align components
Guarantee the detector hole is aligned with the LCLS beam
8
Sébastien Boutet - sboutet@slac.stanford.edu
Paul Montanez – montanez@slac.stanford.edu
CXI
Requirements
Performance Requirements
Span full length of CXI Hutch
Non-concurrent use of the laser and X-ray beam
Stability
Short term (a few days)
5% of laser beam width
Long term (a few months)
15% of laser beam width
Size Requirements
FWHM 5.5 mm or less
Highly collimated beam
9
Sébastien Boutet - sboutet@slac.stanford.edu
Paul Montanez – montanez@slac.stanford.edu
CXI
Requirements
Positioning Requirements
Two settings
In or Out
Change settings in ~10 sec or less
10 mm stay-clear when in the Out position
Deflected and focused by the X-ray KB mirrors
Laser to simulate distant LCLS source
LCLS and laser centroid aligned to 100 microns
Over full length of CXI Hutch
Repeatable pointing to 100 microns over full length of hutch
100 microns over 20 meters
5 µrad pointing repeatability
KB Mirrors
10
Sébastien Boutet - sboutet@slac.stanford.edu
Paul Montanez – montanez@slac.stanford.edu
CXI
Requirements
Vacuum Requirements
10-7 Torr pressure
Useable with any part of the instrument vented to air
Window valves all the way down the beamline
Controls Requirements
Remotely change In and Out state
Alignment with LCLS beam performed remotely
Spatial overlap to be verified with a single diagnostic
LUSI Profile Monitor
YAG screen
Multiple monitors to verify pointing
4 monitors in total
11
Sébastien Boutet - sboutet@slac.stanford.edu
Paul Montanez – montanez@slac.stanford.edu
CXI
Requirements
Safety Requirements
Visible laser
Class 3R or less
Contained in an enclosure
In-vacuum mirror interlocked with LCLS shutters to prevent
the direct beam from hitting the back of the mirror.
12
Sébastien Boutet - sboutet@slac.stanford.edu
Paul Montanez – montanez@slac.stanford.edu
CXI
Outline (2)
CXI Overview
Reference Laser Physics Requirements
Preliminary Design and Analyses
Design Interfaces
Controls
Safety
Cost & Schedule
Summary
13
Sébastien Boutet - sboutet@slac.stanford.edu
Paul Montanez – montanez@slac.stanford.edu
CXI
Preliminary Design and Analyses
Wavefront/IP Monitor
H6 Beamline
Profile/Intensity-Position Monitors
CXI Reference Laser
Performance/Positioning Requirements
Reference Laser span full length of CXI Hutch
Spatial overlap to be verified with a single
diagnostic
LUSI Profile Monitor
0.1µm K-B System
YAG screen
1µm K-B System
Multiple monitors to verify pointing
4 monitors in total
Deflected and focused by the X-ray KB mirrors
Laser to simulate distant LCLS source
14
Sébastien Boutet - sboutet@slac.stanford.edu
Paul Montanez – montanez@slac.stanford.edu
CXI
Preliminary Design and Analyses (1)
Viewport
Motorized center
mount w/ collimator
FEH H6
100 l/s Ion Pump
Motorized flipper
w/ filter
In-vacuum
motorized center
mount w/ mirror
Optics &
Diagnostics Table
15
Sébastien Boutet - sboutet@slac.stanford.edu
Paul Montanez – montanez@slac.stanford.edu
CXI
Preliminary Design and Analyses (2)
Performance/Positioning Requirements
Two settings
In or Out
Non-concurrent use of the laser and X-ray beam
10mm stay-clear when in the Out position
Mirror must be moved into visible light laser to align beamline
components. With safety shutter open and FEL beam on, the mirror is
not in danger of being moved into the FEL beam by vacuum loading
thereby resulting in a “fail-safe” design
In Position
Out Position
Ø25mm through hole
in connecting shaft
16
Sébastien Boutet - sboutet@slac.stanford.edu
Paul Montanez – montanez@slac.stanford.edu
CXI
Preliminary Design and Analyses (3)
Vacuum Requirements
Courtesy T. Montagne
10-7 Torr pressure
Useable with any part of the instrument vented to
air
Window valves all the way down the beamline
DCO Vacuum Chamber
Y
Reference laser will use a slightly modified version
of the DCO vacuum chamber
Leveraging existing designs (when applicable)
reduces our overall engineering/design effort.
Additionally, helps to ensure commonality within
the LUSI instruments
This chamber and its alignment stage have
sustained a successful PDR (as part of the
Intensity-Position Monitor review held on 9-Jan-09)
Vacuum chamber is brazed 304 SST. Short in “Z”
direction to conserve space
“Z” Axis flanges 6.0 rotatable CFF with bellows
module. Flange/bellows assembly is welded to
chamber
“X” axis ports NR 6.0 CFF brazed to chamber.
These ports are available for
pumping/viewports/etc.
Pressure better than 10-7 Torr
X
Z
Rotatable CFF
Non-Rotatable CFF
17
Sébastien Boutet - sboutet@slac.stanford.edu
Paul Montanez – montanez@slac.stanford.edu
CXI
Preliminary Design and Analyses (4)
DCO 6 Axis Alignment Stage
Provides for alignment of Reference Laser vacuum
chamber
Travel Range
X
10mm
Y
10mm
Z
10mm
Pitch
≈3˚
Roll
≈ 3˚
Yaw
≈ 3˚
3X ¾-16 UNF-2B
Courtesy T. Montagne
3X ¼-20 UNC-2A
18
Sébastien Boutet - sboutet@slac.stanford.edu
Paul Montanez – montanez@slac.stanford.edu
CXI
Preliminary Design and Analyses (5)
Rotatorische Abweichung - Statistische Auswertung
Winkelabweichung (Mikrorad)
5
Pitch
4
3
2
1
0
-1
-2
Roll
-3
-4
-5
0
10
20
30
Position (Millimeter)
40
Wu = 8.80 µrad
Umax = 1.48 µrad
Wsmax = 0.00 µrad
Wa = 8.51 µrad
Umit = 0.45 µrad
Wsmit = 0.00 µrad
50
Positioning/Pointing Requirements
LCLS and laser centroid aligned to 100 microns
Over full length of CXI Hutch
Repeatable pointing to 100 microns over full length of hutch
100 microns over 20 meters
Rotatorische Abweichung - Statistische Auswertung
Winkelabweichung (Mikrorad)
6
5 µrad pointing repeatability
Micos HPS-170 High Precision Stage (with linear
encoder)
5
4
3
Bi-directional linear repeatability
2
Yaw
1
0
+/- 0.1µm
Angular repeatability
-1
Pitch/Roll/Yaw < 1.0µrad
-2
52mm stroke
-3
-4
-5
0
10
20
30
Position (Millimeter)
40
Wu = 9.88 µrad
Umax = 1.73 µrad
Wsmax = 0.00 µrad
Wa = 9.16 µrad
Umit = 0.71 µrad
Wsmit = 0.00 µrad
50
Of course we need a stiff structure to generate
reproducible results of this order
19
Sébastien Boutet - sboutet@slac.stanford.edu
Paul Montanez – montanez@slac.stanford.edu
CXI
Preliminary Design and Analyses (6)
Positioning Requirements
Two settings
In or Out
Change settings in ~10 sec or less
Loading of Micos linear stage (in vertical orientation)
Vacuum
SBC P/N 300 – 200 – 4 – XX (O.D. = 3.0in, I.D. = 2.0in)
FPressure ≈ 70lb
FSpring Rate ≈ 20lb
Gravity
FWeight ≈ 10lb
FTotal = FPressure+ FSpring Rate+ FWeight
FTotal ≈ 100lb [450N]
Moment
Center of connecting shaft is offset 2.5in [0.064m] from slide mounting surface
MX ≈ 30 N-m
Micos HPS-170 linear stage is rated for FY = 100N (test data de-rated by a
factor of 3) and MX = 300N-m
Add a 5:1 gearbox to obtain FY ≈ 1000N (test data de-rated by a factor of 1.5).
With this gearbox the stage velocity is ≈ 7mm/s which means that the mirror can
be moved In/Out in ≈ 8 sec
Moment load (30N-m) is only ≈ 1/10 of the rated capacity
20
Sébastien Boutet - sboutet@slac.stanford.edu
Paul Montanez – montanez@slac.stanford.edu
CXI
Preliminary Design and Analyses (7)
Performance Requirement
Stability
Short term (a few days)
5% of laser beam width
Long term (a few months)
15% of laser beam width
Vibration induced steering errors
In-vacuum mirror needs to remain stable
Natural frequency above 100Hz to prevent resonance from nearby equipment,
i.e. pumps/HVAC
Choose materials with high elastic modulus, e.g. SST 304
Connecting shaft is a thick walled SST tube
Transverse deformation of beams is the sum of flexure and shear
deformation. Shear deformations are usually neglected for the analysis of
slender members, for “stout” members shear is likely to have a substantial
effect on the natural frequency of the member and that frequency will be
substantially lower than that predicted by flexure theory.
A “rule-of-thumb” is that the slenderness ratio should be > 10 for slender
members
Span/Depth (slenderness ratio) = 7.6 → borderline
Calculate each flavor assuming an undamped, “Fixed-Free” (cantilevered) beam
with end mass
Slender beam: f1 ≈ 360Hz
Stout beam: f1 ≈ 1850Hz
21
Sébastien Boutet - sboutet@slac.stanford.edu
Paul Montanez – montanez@slac.stanford.edu
CXI
Preliminary Design and Analyses (8)
Size/Safety Requirements
FWHM 5.5 mm or less
Highly collimated beam
Visible laser
Class 3R or less
Contained in an enclosure
Optomechanical parts list
Device
Model
Company
Fiber-coupled laser (635nm, 2.5mW, Class 3R)
S1FC635
Thorlabs
Fiber-coupled collimator
F810FC-635
Thorlabs
Shearing Interferometer
SI100
Thorlabs
Fiber Optic Cable
P1-630A-FC-2
Thorlabs
Laser Enclosure (9"x21"x12")
XE25C3
Thorlabs
In-vacuum motorized center mount
8817-8-V
New Focus
1" Motorized Center Mount
8816-8
New Focus
1" Mirror
5101
New Focus
Neutral Density Filter Set
5247
New Focus
1" Motorized Flipper
8892
New Focus
Laser source size = 6.6mm, divergence = 0.007˚. At downstream end of hutch size beam ≈ 9mm
Laser enclosure provided primarily to prevent accidental interference with optomechanical
equipment – laser is safe (restricted beam viewing, Class 3R)
22
Sébastien Boutet - sboutet@slac.stanford.edu
Paul Montanez – montanez@slac.stanford.edu
CXI
Preliminary Design and Analyses (9)
“Ray-trace” for possible location of FEL in the FEH based on
steering from M2H through C6
At the nominal Reference Laser location in FEH Hutch 5, possible
x-ray beam excursions within ≈ Ø33mm (> Ø25mm through hole in
connecting shaft)
A collimator will be required upstream of the Reference Laser to
prevent unwanted illumination of component surfaces. An ideal
location would be upstream of XCS (FEH H4) monochromator in
the XRT where the collimator would be common to both
instruments
FEH
Courtesy P.Stefan
23
Sébastien Boutet - sboutet@slac.stanford.edu
Paul Montanez – montanez@slac.stanford.edu
CXI
Design Interfaces
Upstream
VAT Series 10 Gate Valve
Welded bellows assembly on upstream side of vacuum chamber
allows for alignment
Downstream
Slits
Welded bellows assembly on downstream side of vacuum chamber
allows for alignment
Optics stand
DCO ICD with XPP defines hole pattern on vacuum chamber
alignment stage
Controls Group
The linear stage uses a standard 2 phase stepper motor (200
steps/rev)
Use any controller/driver that can accommodate closed loop
stepper with A Quad B encoder feedback
Optomechanics controls
24
Sébastien Boutet - sboutet@slac.stanford.edu
Paul Montanez – montanez@slac.stanford.edu
CXI
Controls
Safety & Controls Requirements
In-vacuum mirror interlocked with LCLS shutters to prevent the
direct beam from hitting the back of the mirror.
Remotely change In and Out state
Alignment with LCLS beam performed remotely
Results of discussions with Controls Group
Question
Answer
Micos linear stage
Can the stepper motor supplied with
the selected translation stage be
readily controlled?
Yes, we can control this with the
MForcePlus2 controller. This controller
supports the A quad B remote encoder
option.
Micos linear stage limit switches
Can the integrated linear stage motion
limit switches be easily be integrated
with beamline interlocks?
Yes, they are standard normally-closed limit
switches
New Focus Picomotor actuators
Can you easily implement control of
New Focus Picomotors?
No EPICS driver is listed for any New Focus
products on the EPICS hardware page.
However, this is a straight forward ASCII
string communication device on the RS232
interface, so it should not be a problem. The
ethernet interface provides a telnet input
where the MCL commands can then be
issued, so is similar.
Laser
Can you provide remote control of the
laser?
Yes, Controls can provide a 0-5V signal to
turn the laser on/off
Motorized flipper mount
Can you provide remote control of the
motorized filter flipper?
Yes, Controls can provide a TTL pulse
25
Sébastien Boutet - sboutet@slac.stanford.edu
Paul Montanez – montanez@slac.stanford.edu
CXI
Safety
Laser enclosure provided
Restricted beam viewing
Prevent accidental interference with optomechanical components
Class 3R laser
Safety covers will be used on moving elements to prevent
“pinch-hazards”
Prevent potential for over-pressurization of vacuum system
during back-fill or from an accidental increase in pressure due
to a system malfunction by providing an ASME UD certified and
10CFR851 compliant UHV burst disk (11.5 psi) in the vacuum
region between gate valves
To comply with OSHA/DOE regulations, all electronics will have
certification either through a National Recognized Testing
Laboratory (NRTL) or the Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ)
as per the SLAC Electrical Equipment Inspection Program
26
Sébastien Boutet - sboutet@slac.stanford.edu
Paul Montanez – montanez@slac.stanford.edu
CXI
Cost & Schedule
Month end January 2009 data
Arrows indicate
baseline dates
27
Sébastien Boutet - sboutet@slac.stanford.edu
Paul Montanez – montanez@slac.stanford.edu
CXI
Cost & Schedule (2)
Month end January 2009 data
Control Account / Work Package
FY2007
FY2008
FY2009
FY2010
FY2011
FY2012
Cumulative
1.3.03.01 CXI Reference laser
9110331 Design & Engr - CXI Reference Laser
9110332 Procurement - CXI Reference Laser
9110333 Fab & Assembly - CXI Reference Laser
9110334 Testing - CXI Reference Laser
Control Account Totals:
SPI = 0.89
CPI = 1.26
BCWS
$
-
$
14,603
$
53,727
$
-
$
-
$
-
$
68,330
BCWP
$
-
$
15,469
$
3,575
$
-
$
-
$
-
$
19,044
ACWP
$
-
$
14,125
$
956
$
-
$
-
$
-
$
15,081
BCWS
$
-
$
-
$
-
$
23,417
$
-
$
-
$
23,417
BCWP
$
-
$
-
$
-
$
-
$
-
$
-
$
-
ACWP
$
-
$
-
$
-
$
-
$
-
$
-
$
-
BCWS
$
-
$
-
$
19,633
$
13,148
$
-
$
-
$
32,781
BCWP
$
-
$
-
$
-
$
-
$
-
$
-
$
-
ACWP
$
-
$
-
$
-
$
-
$
-
$
-
$
-
BCWS
$
-
$
-
$
-
$
1,199
$
-
$
-
$
1,199
BCWP
$
-
$
-
$
-
$
-
$
-
$
-
$
-
ACWP
$
-
$
-
$
-
$
-
$
-
$
-
$
-
BCWS
$
-
$
14,603
$
73,360
$
37,764
$
-
$
-
$
125,727
BCWP
$
15,469
$
3,575
$
-
$
-
$
-
$
19,044
ACWP
$
14,125
$
956
$
-
$
-
$
-
$
15,081
Performance Data
Cumulative to Date
Control Account
Work Package
At Completion
Actual
Cost
Work
Performed
Budgeted Cost
Work
Work
Scheduled
Performed
Variance
Schedule
Cost
Latest
Revised
Estimate
Budgeted
Variance
1.3.03.01 CXI Reference laser
9110331 Design & Engr - CXI Reference Laser
$
21,333
$
19,044
$
15,080
$
9110332 Procurement - CXI Reference Laser
$
-
$
-
$
-
$
-
9110333 Fab & Assembly - CXI Reference Laser
$
-
$
-
$
-
$
9110334 Testing - CXI Reference Laser
$
-
$
-
$
-
$
$
21,333
$
19,044
$
15,080
$
Control AccountTotals:
28
(2,289) $
3,964
$
68,329
$
68,249
$
80
$
-
$
23,417
$
23,417
$
-
-
$
-
$
32,781
$
32,781
$
-
-
$
-
$
1,199
$
1,199
$
-
(2,289) $
3,964
$
125,726
$
125,646
$
80
Sébastien Boutet - sboutet@slac.stanford.edu
Paul Montanez – montanez@slac.stanford.edu
CXI
Summary
Reference Laser preliminary design is well advanced
Controls issues have been addressed in partnership with the
Controls Group and are easily implemented
Cost/Schedule
No foreseeable schedule issues
Negative schedule variance (cumulative-to-date) is due to effort status
at the end of January, we are currently slightly ahead of schedule
Schedule Performance Index (SPI) = 0.89
Positive cost variance (cumulative-to-date) implies that we are
efficient in accomplishing the work, i.e. costs are running under
budget
Cost Performance Index (CPI) = 1.26
To Do list
Design supports from Optics Stand to laser breadboard and ion
pump
Develop an alignment plan
Design ready to advance to final design
29
Sébastien Boutet - sboutet@slac.stanford.edu
Paul Montanez – montanez@slac.stanford.edu
CXI
30
Sébastien Boutet - sboutet@slac.stanford.edu
Paul Montanez – montanez@slac.stanford.edu
CXI
Supporting Material
8817-8-V
Tip angular range ≈ 9˚
Tilt angular range ≈ 9˚
31
Sébastien Boutet - sboutet@slac.stanford.edu
Paul Montanez – montanez@slac.stanford.edu
CXI
Supporting Material (2)
Vacuum loading
32
Sébastien Boutet - sboutet@slac.stanford.edu
Paul Montanez – montanez@slac.stanford.edu
CXI
Supporting Material (3)
33
Sébastien Boutet - sboutet@slac.stanford.edu
Paul Montanez – montanez@slac.stanford.edu
CXI
Supporting Material (4)
34
Sébastien Boutet - sboutet@slac.stanford.edu
Paul Montanez – montanez@slac.stanford.edu
CXI
Supporting Material (5)
35
Sébastien Boutet - sboutet@slac.stanford.edu
Paul Montanez – montanez@slac.stanford.edu
CXI
Supporting Material (6)
36
Sébastien Boutet - sboutet@slac.stanford.edu
Paul Montanez – montanez@slac.stanford.edu
CXI