5.1 Homeostasis
WHAT MOLECULES DO LIVING
THINGS REQUIRE?
Answer
Living thing require macromolecules:
 Large organic compound found in living things
1. Carbohydrates
2. Lipids
3. Proteins
4. Nucleic Acids

Carbohydrates
Proteins
Lipids
Nucleic Acids
CARBOHYDRATES

What are carbohydrates?

What is their main purpose in the cell?
Carbohydrate Answer

Sugar and
starches

Main source of
energy in
cellular
respiration
Glucose

Glucose, also called blood sugar or dextrose, is
the main monosaccharide in your body. Glucose
was named after the Greek word meaning sweet.
LIPIDS



What are lipids?
What is their main
purpose?
What part of the cell do
they make?
Lipid Answer


Fatty or oily organic
compounds
Used as long term
energy storage


Non-polar, organic,
do not dissolve in
water
Makes up the cell
membrane

2 Types: Saturated,
Unsaturated
Lipid Structure
What is a Phospholipids Bilayer?
Phospholipid Answer

It is the structure of
the cell membrane.

Phosphates and lipids
in 2 layers
NUCLEIC ACID


What are nucleic
acids?
What is their purpose?
Nucleic Acid Answer



Carry genetic
information
Found in all cells
DNA and RNA
 Molecules of
inheritance that are
passed down from
parents
 Deoxyribonucleic
acid
 Ribonucleic acid
PROTEINS


What do proteins do?
Where do we obtain proteins?
Protein Answer

Structure: Makes up the skin, muscles, feathers



important for growth, tissue repair and replacement
Function: Enzymes are proteins that speed up
chemical reactions in the body.
Where can we get proteins in our diet?
Meat
 Fish
 Cereal

Minerals
 Are
minerals organic or inorganic?
 What are some minerals we need in
our diet?
Mineral Answer
 Inorganic
substances necessary for
cellular processes
 Calcium
 Iron
 Potassium
 Zinc
 Magnesium
Vitamins
 What
are vitamins?
Vitamin Answer

Organic molecules necessary for cellular
processes
Vitamins



What are 3 crucial vitamins?
What are their functions?
Where are they found?
Vitamin Answer


Vitamins C, D, K are essential.
You get them from the foods you eat.
Vitamin C
Vitamin C Answer


Vitamin C helps with wound healing
Found in fruits, especially citrus
Vitamin D



Vitamin D needed for bone growth
Sources are poultry, milk, fish
Deficiencies can cause severe malformations
Vitamin K


Vitamin K needed for blood clotting
Found in green vegetables