SWIFTStandards
(UNIFI – ISO 20022)
“MDA-like” approach
Frank Vandamme
Tools, Products & Methodology
SWIFTStandards
OMG, Montreal, August 2004
OMG_SWIFTMDA_200408_v2.ppt
Slide 1
Agenda
Introduction
Development methodology
Development infrastructure
Implementation infrastructure
OMG_SWIFTMDA_200408_v2.ppt
Slide 2
Introduction
What is SWIFT?

Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication

Community of +7,000 financial institutions in +200 countries:
– Payments (e.g. cross-border, domestic, corporate)
– Securities (e.g. equity, fixed income, funds)
– Treasury (e.g. foreign exchange, swaptions)
– Trade Services (e.g. letters of credit)

Mission: “To enable interoperability between our members, their
market infrastructures and their end-user communities”

Concrete activities:
– Establish secure and reliable network application
– Standardize information flows (messages)
OMG_SWIFTMDA_200408_v2.ppt
Slide 3
Introduction
What is UNIFI (ISO 20022)
Standard developed under ISO/TC68 (financial arm of ISO)
 Modelling-based approach to develop standardised messages
 Used in the financial industry
 Described in 5 parts:
– Part 1: overview of the main components

– modelling-based approach
– repository
–
–
–
–
Part 2: registration bodies
Part 3: modelling guidelines
Part 4: XML design rules
Part 5: Reverse engineering approach
OMG_SWIFTMDA_200408_v2.ppt
Slide 4
Introduction
Drivers for the MDA approach
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Stability
– Business-driven approach
Interoperability and convergence
– End-to-end based on common semantics
Neutrality
– Acceptable common description for existing standards
Flexibility
– Cater more easily for market practices and market evolution
Predictability, consistency and speed
– Foster reuse and automation capabilities
Note: not used by SWIFT for application generation
OMG_SWIFTMDA_200408_v2.ppt
Slide 5
Standards development methodology
Overview
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Three layered approach
Business-oriented
Communication needs
End-to-end view
Formal notation (UML)
Representation-neutral
Implementation-neutral
Foster reuse (dictionary)
Involve industry experts
OMG_SWIFTMDA_200408_v2.ppt
Understand the
business
Business Analysis
What is the
communication
problem
Requirements Analysis
Define the
Logical
solution
Refine the
solution
Logical
Technical
Analysis
Design
Design
Physical
implementation
(automated) Technical Implementation
Slide 6
Standards development methodology
Business analysis
Understanding the business
– Processes: what activities are happening
– Roles: who (functionally) is involved
– Data: what information is used
 Results of business analysis
– Business activity diagrams (roles & activities)
– Business component diagram (data)

OMG_SWIFTMDA_200408_v2.ppt
Understand the
business
Business Analysis
What is the
communication
problem
Requirements Analysis
Define the
solution
Refine the
solution
Logical
Logical
Technical
Analysis
Design
Design
Physical
implementation
(automated)
Technical Implementation
Slide 7
Standards development methodology
Requirements analysis
Understand the
business
Business Analysis
What is the
communication
problem
Requirements Analysis
Define the
solution
Identifying communication requirements per activity
– Who owns the information
– Who can provide the information
– What are the required information flows
 Identifying additional requirements and constraints
– Which types of physical actors can play which roles
– Market specific information requirements
 Results of requirements analysis
– Activity diagrams with required information flows
– Requirement description documents
– Business test scenarios (high level)

Refine the
solution
Logical
Logical
Technical
Analysis
Design
Design
Physical
implementation
(automated)
OMG_SWIFTMDA_200408_v2.ppt
Technical Implementation
Slide 8
Standards development methodology
Logical analysis
Identifying the transactions (collaborations)
– Sequence of messages
– Pre- and post-conditions, triggers, …
 Identifying the messages
– Message granularity guidelines
– Message content (based on business elements)
– Message usage authorisation / restrictions
– Business cases for “variants”
 Results of logical analysis
– Sequence diagrams
– Message scope & content
– Business test scenarios (refined)

OMG_SWIFTMDA_200408_v2.ppt
Understand the
business
Business Analysis
What is the
communication
problem
Requirements Analysis
Define the
solution
Refine the
solution
Logical
Logical
Technical
Analysis
Design
Design
Physical
implementation
(automated)
Technical Implementation
Slide 9
Standards development methodology
Logical design
Identifying the message structure
– Identify message components
– Include required “technical” elements
– Define structural message organisation
– Formalise required business rules
 Results of logical design
– Message definitions (structure)
– Message components
– Business & technical test cases (detailed)

OMG_SWIFTMDA_200408_v2.ppt
Understand the
business
Business Analysis
What is the
communication
problem
Requirements Analysis
Define the
solution
Refine the
solution
Logical
Logical
Technical
Analysis
Design
Design
Physical
implementation
(automated)
Technical Implementation
Slide 10
Standards development methodology
Technical design & implementation
Preparing the physical implementation
– Add syntax-specific information (e.g. tags)
 Applying the syntax-specific design rules
– UML-to-XML generation
 Results of technical design & implementation
– XML Schemas
– XPL rules
– Message samples

OMG_SWIFTMDA_200408_v2.ppt
Understand the
business
Business Analysis
What is the
communication
problem
Requirements Analysis
Define the
solution
Refine the
solution
Logical
Logical
Technical
Analysis
Design
Design
Physical
implementation
(automated)
Technical Implementation
Slide 11
Standards development infrastructure
Standards repository
ISO 20022 Standards Repository
BUSINESS PROCESS CATALOGUE
DATA DICTIONARY
are described
with
BUSINESS CONCEPTS
BUSINESS AREAS
are derived from
MESSAGE CONCEPTS
support execution of
use
BUSINESS TRANSACTIONS
DATA TYPES
OMG_SWIFTMDA_200408_v2.ppt
Slide 12
Standards development infrastructure
Data Dictionary
DATA DICTIONARY
Business Concepts
Data Types
Message Concepts
Business Association
relates
is derived from
Business Component
Message Component
is derived from
Business Element
Message Element
Rule
Rule
Code
is of type
Business Actor
plays role
Business Role
OMG_SWIFTMDA_200408_v2.ppt
is value of
is of type
Data Type
is based on
Data Type Representation
Slide 13
Standards development infrastructure
Business Process Catalogue
Business Process Catalogue
Business Area
Business Process
supports execution of
Business
Transaction
Business
BusinessTransaction
Transaction
uses
Message
Flow
Message
Flow
Message
Flow
Diagram
Diagram
Diagram
OMG_SWIFTMDA_200408_v2.ppt
uses
Message
Message
Message
Definition
Definition
Definition
Syntax
Syntax
Syntax
Message
Message
Message
Scheme(s)
(s)
Scheme
Scheme
(s)
Slide 14
Standards development infrastructure
UML profile: used diagrams

Which diagrams are used (business layer)?
– Business Analysis
– Use Case diagram: highest level decomposition in business
processes
– Activity diagram (swim lanes): details of business
processes: activities & roles
– Class diagram: dictionary (business components, data
types, actors)
– Requirements Analysis
– Activity diagram (swim lanes): required information flows
– Complemented by textual information: e.g. links with
business components
OMG_SWIFTMDA_200408_v2.ppt
Slide 15
Standards development infrastructure
UML profile: used diagrams

Which diagrams are used (logical layer)?
– Logical Analysis
– Sequence diagram: description of message flow (business
transactions)
– Class diagram: messages
– Logical design
– Class diagram: dictionary (message components, data
types)
– Class diagram (hierarchical): message structure

No additional diagrams used in technical/physical layer
OMG_SWIFTMDA_200408_v2.ppt
Slide 16
Standards development infrastructure
UML profile: stereotypes identify concepts
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Some examples of stereotyped concepts:
– Classes
–
–
–
–
–
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<<BusinessComponent>>
<<MessageComponent>>
<<ChoiceComponent>>
<<DataTypeRepresentation>> (<<Text>>, <<Identifier>>, …)
<<Message>>
<<Actor>>
– Associations
– <<IsVersion>>
– <<IsVariant>>
– <<IsAlternativeFor>>
OMG_SWIFTMDA_200408_v2.ppt
Slide 17
Standards development infrastructure
UML profile: tagged values add information
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Some examples of tagged values
– Synonyms (business terms)
– Business components
– Business elements
– Messages
– Administrative information
– Requestor
– Registration status
– Supplementary information for data types
– Code list owner
– Format (facets)
– Traces between “business layer” and “message layer”
– Business components to Message components
OMG_SWIFTMDA_200408_v2.ppt
Slide 18
Standards development infrastructure
UML profile: platform specific information

Through stereotypes, tagged values or properties
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Some examples
– Operations
– “Injectable” in validation engine (via “export control property”)
– SWIFTNet error code (tagged value)
– Message elements
– XML tags (tagged value)
– Data types
– <<XMLAttirbute>> (to be included in Schema)
– <<Property>> (for documentation only)
OMG_SWIFTMDA_200408_v2.ppt
Slide 19
Standards development infrastructure
Tool (“Standards Workstation”)

UML modeling tool for modeling activities

Add-ins to support and enforce methodology & guidelines
– Traceability between “business layer” and “logical layer”
– Formal rules
– Conformance checking
– Completeness checking

Link with data dictionary

Import and export of sample data
Standards
Workstation
OMG_SWIFTMDA_200408_v2.ppt
Slide 20
Standards development infrastructure
GUI for formal rules
OMG_SWIFTMDA_200408_v2.ppt
Slide 21
Standards development infrastructure
GUI for formal rules
OMG_SWIFTMDA_200408_v2.ppt
Slide 22
Standards development infrastructure
Supporting process

Continuous quality control
– Check non-automated rules & guidelines
– Check conformance with approval process
– Freeze models for audit purposes
– Check consistency across phases
– Are all requirements covered
– Are all messages based on approved requirements
– …
Mandatory review activities
– By registration authority
– By business experts
 Change log entries for dictionary components

OMG_SWIFTMDA_200408_v2.ppt
Slide 23
Standards implementation infrastructure
Automated generation: overview
Internal
Repository
Documentation
“Publication”
Financial Dictionary
Business Process
Catalogue
Standards
Workstation
“Injection”
SWIFTNet
OMG_SWIFTMDA_200408_v2.ppt
XML Schemas
Message samples
Repository instance
(XML)
More to come …
•XML Schemas
•Validation rules
•Samples
Slide 24
Standards implementation infrastructure
Automated generation: documentation
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HTML (available) and PDF (in development)
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User view and implementer view
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Combines model information with “auxiliary documents” (= text)
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“Click-able” sequence diagrams
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Message tree structure (expand / collapse)
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Dictionary information (data types, …)
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Delta documentation (for versions and variants)
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Generated sample messages
OMG_SWIFTMDA_200408_v2.ppt
Slide 25
Standards implementation infrastructure
Automated generation: XML Schema
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Consistency in XML
– Business information  XML element/value
– Metadata information  XML attribute (usually not in instance)
ComplexTypes are globally unique / elements are local
Traceability from XML to repository (based on XML element name
and/or XML type name)
Message identifier = aaaa.bbb.ccc.dd (business area - message
number – variant – version)
Character encoding = UTF-8
Data types: Text, Code, Identifier, Amount, Rate, Quantity, Indicator,
DateTime
XML facets: Pattern, Length, MinLength, MaxLength, TotalDigits,
FractionDigits, MinInclusive, MaxInclusive, MinExclusive, MaxEclusive
OMG_SWIFTMDA_200408_v2.ppt
Slide 26
Standards implementation infrastructure
Automated generation: repository

UML repository is converted to:
– Relational database
– Basis for web query tool on “www.swift.com” and on
“www.iso20022.org”
– Also used for impact analysis
– XML instance
– Prototype
OMG_SWIFTMDA_200408_v2.ppt
Slide 27
uestions
Answers
&
frank.vandamme@swift.com
Slide 28