Warm-Up 11/18/14
1) Draw the Lewis dot structure of a
phosphorus atom.
2) Draw the Lewis
dot structure of
phosphorus when
it becomes an ion.
Objective 11/18/14
-Understand why different
colors were produced in the
Flame Test Lab.
Agenda 11/18/14
Ion Recap
Flame Test Lab Debrief
Lab Report Expectations
Warm-Up 11/18/14
1) Draw the Lewis dot structure of a
phosphorus atom.
2) Draw the Lewis
dot structure of
phosphorus when
it becomes an ion.
Forming Ions
According to the octet rule, atoms
want to have the highest energy
level filled.
Forming Ions
Is it easier for oxygen
to lose 6
electrons or gain
2 electrons?
Forming Ions
With two more electrons than
protons in the oxygen atom, it
becomes an anion.
It has a 2- charge.
Forming Ions
Is it easier for
magnesium to lose 2
electrons or gain 6
electrons?
Forming Ions
With two less electrons than protons
in the magnesium atom, it
becomes a cation.
It has a 2+ charge.
Trend of Ions
Trend of Ions
What types of elements typically
become cations?
METALS!!!
What types of elements typically
become anions?
NONMETALS!!!
Quiz Retake
Allowed to retake the quiz by the
end of this week (schedule it).
Will accept score ONLY if it is 36/36.
Flame Test Lab Report
1) Title
2) Introduction
3) Hypothesis
4) Materials/Procedure
5) Results
6) Conclusion
Introduction
Should include answers to the
following:
1) What are ions?
2) How are different flame colors
possible?
3) Include an explanation of valence
electrons and the octet rule.
Hypothesis
No hypothesis for this lab.
Materials/Procedure
-Should be in paragraph form.
-YOU did the lab so from YOUR point
of view.
-Past tense.
-Be detailed!
Results
1) Include three column data table.
2) Include caption to describe the
information in the data table.
Conclusion
Include:
-Answers to post-lab questions
-Explanation for how flame colors were
produced (reading questions).
Post-Lab Questions (separate sheet)
1) Look up the definition of a cation.
What imbalance of subatomic
particles produce a cation?
2) Identify the cations in the two
unknowns that you picked.
3) Compare your results with another
group.
4) What possible errors could have
occurred to get different results?
Flame Colors
Textbook – Section 5.3
Read three sections
“Light”
“Atomic Spectra”
“An Explanation of Atomic Spectra”
Reading Questions
1) How is light produced?
2) What visible color is produced with a low
amount of energy? What is the relative
frequency and wavelength associated with
this color?
3) What visible color is produced with a high
amount of energy? What is the relative
frequency and wavelength associated with
this color?
4) According to your data, which cation had the
highest energy release? Lowest?
Homework
Flame Test Lab Report
due Tuesday 11/25/14