INFORMATION SECURITY
MANAGEMENT
MIS534
Course Outline – Topics Covered
 Planning for Security and Contingencies
 Information Security Policy
 Developing Security Programs
 Security Management Models
 Risk Management
• Identifying
• Assessing
• Controlling
Course Outline – Topics Covered
 Protection Mechanism
 Personnel and Security
 Law and Ethics
 Security and the Cloud
Classroom Procedures
Most classes will contain the following components:
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Current Events
Lectures
Case Studies
Term Paper Presentations
Encourage student sharing their experiences
Course Structure:
Assessments (3)
40%
Case Study/Exercises/Current Events
15%
Term paper
20%
Demo/Hands-on Lab Project
15%
Class Participation/Discussions
10%
Current Topics / Threat Predictions
The primary purpose of this assignment is to bring in current
topics that are occurring in the world of information security.
Choose 1 threat prediction for 2016 to research and present
during one of the sessions.
See threat predictions link on calendar and pick 3 possible
topics to research and present on. These will be assigned
next week to be presented throughout the semester.
Term Paper
The primary purpose of this assignment is to provide you an
opportunity to further develop practical research skills by
investigating an information security and information
assurance (IA) related topic (hopefully of personal interest).
Consists of:
Executive summary of the topic (~ 1500 words)
 include an annotated bibliography (with at least 8 references)
15-20 minutes presentation of your executive summary to
class.
Hands On/Lab Presentation
Prepare a presentation (5-7 minutes) and a live
demonstration or hands-on lab exercise (20-25 minutes) on a
security related technology.
Consists of:
Student Handout
Class Presentation
Live Demonstration
Annotated Bibliography of useful resources
Class Introductions/Expectations
Name
Background
Course Expectations
Who I am
Dr. Cummings
Assistant Professor at UNCW
 Ph.D. in IS (Indiana University)
 MBA in IS (Texas Tech University)
 Industry experience in networking, programming, project
management.
Introduction to Information Security Management
Do not figure on opponents not attacking;
worry about your own lack of preparation.
BOOK OF THE FIVE RINGS
Information Security Management
You can have all the protection mechanisms in place and
still have security problems:
Information Security Management
http://www.twincities.com/business/ci_24887125/targetbreach-likely-an-inside-job-data-security
http://www.computerweekly.com/news/2240212475/Targ
et-to-invest-5m-in-cyber-security-awareness
http://fortune.com/2014/12/30/new-research-sony-hack/
http://www.techrepublic.com/article/why-the-sony-hackshouldnt-lead-to-the-end-of-user-centric-it/
http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2014-11-06/home-depothackers-got-in-via-a-vendor-took-53-million-e-mails-too
Technology is not enough…..
(From: PWC Global State of Information Security 2015)
Even the best technological solutions are being constantly
worked on to circumvent.
Essential governance and operational processes:
• Incident management response process
• Classifying business value of data
• Risk assessments on internal systems
• Security Audits
• Governance, risk and compliance
Information Security Management
(From: PWC Global State of Information Security 2014)
Information Security Management
The goal of this course is to take a step back and examine
how security functions as a whole within the organization.
Challenge:
Everything cannot be categorized as right or wrong
What works for one company may fail in another
Careers in Information Security
Most studies/reports point to a shortage of security
professionals over the next 5 years.
A Cisco 2014 Annual Security Report:
• 500,000 global cybersecurity shortfall
• 30,000 domestically
CompTIA Security+
Entry-level certification
Requires 2 years experience working in network security
Credential holders possess expertise in knowledge areas
such as
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•
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•
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Cryptography
Identity management
Security systems
Security risk identification and mitigations
Network access control
Certified Information Systems Security Professional
 Five years of experience in information security
 There are 250 multiple-choice questions
 Exam duration: six hours
Other Certifications
Systems Security Certified Practitioner
 Only one year of experience required
 Test is 90 minutes long, 50-70 questions
Certified Ethical Hacker
Certified Information Security Manager
Early forms of Information Security
Figure 1-1 The Enigma Source: Courtesy of National Security Agency
The 1990s
Networks of computers became more common; so too did
the need to interconnect networks
Internet became first manifestation of a global network of
networks
In early Internet deployments, security was treated as a low
priority
2000 to Present
The Internet brings millions of computer networks into
communication with each other—many of them
unsecured
Ability to secure a computer’s data influenced by the
security of every computer to which it is connected
Growing threat of cyber attacks has increased the need for
improved security
Introduction
The concept of computer security has become
synonymous with the concept of information security
Information security is no longer the sole responsibility
of a discrete group of people in the company
Information Security Decision Makers
1) Information security mgr and professionals
(InfoSec Community)
2) Information technology mgr and professionals
(Information Technology Community)
3) Non-technical business mgr and professionals
(General Business Community)
What Is Security?
• How do you define security?
• Specialized areas of security
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•
•
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Physical
Operations
Communications
Network
Each of these areas contribute to the
information security program as a whole
What Is Information Security?
What is Information Security?
How do we achieve Information Security?
Policy
Technology
Training and Awareness Programs
Role of information security is to protect an
organization’s information assets
Components of an Information System
Information system (IS) is entire set of components
necessary to use information as a resource in the
organization
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Software
Hardware
Data
People
Procedures
Networks
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Key Information Security Concepts
 Access
 Asset
 Attack
 Control, Safeguard, or
Countermeasure
 Exploit
 Exposure
 Loss
 Protection Profile or
Security Posture
 Risk
 Subjects and Objects
 Threat
 Threat Agent
 Vulnerability
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Figure 1-1 Components of Information security
http://www.cnss.gov/policies.html
Source: Course Technology/Cengage Learning
CNSS Security Model (cont’d.)
 C.I.A. triangle
– Confidentiality, integrity, and availability
– Has expanded into a more comprehensive list of critical
characteristics of information
 NSTISSI (CNSS) Security Model
– Provides a more detailed perspective on security
– Covers the three dimensions of information security
– Primary purpose: identify gaps in the coverage of an
information security program
CNSS Security Model (cont’d.)
 NSTISSC Security Model (cont’d.)
– Must address all 27 cells when designing/reviewing a
program
Main Purpose: identify gaps in an information security program
How to measure the value of information - CIA Triangle
The value of information comes from the
characteristics it possesses
Identification
Authentication
Authorization
Privacy
Accountability
Confidentiality
The characteristic of information whereby only those with
sufficient privileges may access certain information
Measures used to protect confidentiality:
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Information classification
Secure document storage
Application of general security policies
Education of information custodians and end users
Integrity
The quality or state of being whole, complete, and
uncorrupted
Threats to information integrity:
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Corruption
Damage
Destruction
Other disruption of its authentic state
Availability
The characteristic of information that enables user access to
information in a required format, without interference or
obstruction
Availability does not imply that the information is
accessible to any user (Implies availability to authorized
users)
Identification and Authentication
Identification
– An information system possesses the characteristic of
identification when it is able to recognize individual users
– Identification and authentication are essential to establishing the
level of access or authorization that an individual is granted
Authentication
– Occurs when a control proves that a user possesses the identity
that he or she claims
Authorization
Assures that the user has been specifically and explicitly
authorized by the proper authority to access, update, or
delete the contents of an information asset
Authorization occurs after authentication
Privacy
Information collected, used, and stored by an organization
is to be used only for the purposes stated to the data owner
at the time it was collected
Privacy as a characteristic of information does not signify
freedom from observation
 Means that information will be used only in ways known to the
person providing it
Accountability
Exists when a control provides assurance that every activity
undertaken can be attributed to a named person or
automated process
Balancing Information Security and Access
Should everyone have an access button?
Should information be kept in a vault?
Balancing Information Security and Access
Security
Functionality
Usability
Balancing Information Security and Access
Impossible to obtain perfect security—it is a process, not an
absolute
Security should be considered balance between protection
and availability
Security as Art
No hard and fast rules nor many universally accepted
complete solutions
No manual for implementing security through entire system
Security as Science
Dealing with technology designed to operate at high levels
of performance
Specific conditions cause virtually all actions that occur in
computer systems
Nearly every fault, security hole, and systems malfunction
are a result of interaction of specific hardware and
software
If developers had sufficient time, they could resolve and
eliminate faults
Principles of Information Security Management
Include the following characteristics that will be the focus
of the current course (six P’s):
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Planning
Policy
Programs
Protection
People
Project Management
http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/PubsTC.html
Planning
• Planning as part of InfoSec management
– An extension of the basic planning model discussed earlier in this
chapter
• Included in the InfoSec planning model
– Activities necessary to support the design, creation, and
implementation of information security strategies
Planning (cont’d.)
• Types of InfoSec plans
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Incident response planning
Business continuity planning
Disaster recovery planning
Policy planning
Personnel planning
Technology rollout planning
Risk management planning
Security program planning
• includes education, training and awareness
Policy
•
The set of organizational guidelines that dictates
certain behavior within the organization
• Three general categories of policy:
– Enterprise information security policy (EISP)
– Issue-specific security policy (ISSP)
– System-specific policies (SysSPs)
UNCW Policies
Programs
• InfoSec operations that are specifically managed as
separate entities
– Example: a security education training and awareness (SETA)
program
• Other types of programs
– Physical security program
• complete with fire, physical access, gates, guards, etc.
Protection
• Executed through risk management activities
– Includes:
– Risk assessment and control
– Protection mechanisms
– Technologies
– Tools
• Each of these mechanisms represents some aspect of the
management of specific controls in the overall
information security plan
People
Managers must recognize the crucial role that people play
in the information security program
This area of InfoSec includes security personnel and the
security of personnel, as well as aspects of a SETA program
The most critical link in the information security program
Project Management
Identifying and controlling the resources applied to the
project
Measuring progress
Adjusting the process as progress is made
Summary
• What is security?
• Principles of information security management
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Planning
Policy
Programs
Protection
People
Project management
Next Class
• Chapter 2 – Planning for Security
• Signup for Entropy
• Lecture Slides and additional readings will be posted in the
calendar
• Teams and Threat Prediction Selections
• I will cover discussion of cases and current events next
week but read them before class!