Turning verbs into nouns LO: Can I use nominalisation to give my writing more authority and formality? Which has more formality? Why? We walked for charity. We raised money for the Leukaemia Foundation. The charity walk raised money for the Leukaemia Foundation. Lots of writing you do in English uses nominalisations; the noun forms of verbs. Nominalisation turns verbs (actions, events) into nouns (things, concepts, people). The writing is no longer describing actions: it is focused on objects or concepts. Look at the example: “We walked for charity.” “The charity walk…” The verb ‘walked’ has been turned into ‘walk’. The verb (the ‘doing’) was turned into a ‘thing’; a walk. Being able to do this makes you smarter as it helps you talk about ideas, not just actions and actual things. Your turn: He was depressed. He had __________. She achieved Level 7. Her Level 7 was an __________. I had to explain myself. They wanted an __________. Helen protested against the cuts. Helen went to an anti-cuts _________. Hugo discussed it with Jasper. Jasper and Hugo had a __________. Arsenal and Tottenham hate each other. The teams share a __________. I was so hungry. I was suffering from __________. Green can symbolise life and re-birth. Green used to be a __________ of evil. Find and nominalise the verbs, then create a sentence that makes sense using the noun form! • I loaded the car boot. • She loved her mother dearly. • They attacked him and hurt him. • I prayed all morning. • Her performance really affected the audience. When to turn verbs into nouns… When writing formally in English and in other subjects, nominalisation (changing verbs to nouns) can be very helpful to make your writing more academic and concise. Nominalisation allows you to discuss more abstract concepts by taking the focus off the action and making the action into a concept or idea. Example: “We analysed the data from the experiment, and it revealed that children react when they have too much sugar.” Rewritten in nominalised form: “The analysis of the data revealed children's reaction.” Your turn! Choose 3 or 4 of the active verbs for analytical writing and create 3 or 4 sentences with them… Advises Affects Alludes to Argues Builds Clarifies Confirms Connotes Constructs Criticises Conveys Demonstrates Denotes Depicts Describes Determines Displays Encourages Emphasises Establishes Examines Exemplifies Expands Explains Explores Exposes Foreshadows Foretells Highlights Hints Illustrates Impacts Implies Indicates Informs Introduces Manifests Narrates Persuades Portrays Presents Refers Relates Remarks Represents Reveals Shows Signifies Symbolises Suggests Supports Typifies Your turn… Can you turn the verbs into nouns and create similar sentences? The author explores the theme of prejudice in her novel. The first chapter introduces the setting of Camp Green Lake. Alliteration emphasises the sub-heading. Here are the noun forms! Advice Description Effect Determination Allusion Display Argument Encouragement Building Emphasis Clarification Establishment Confirmation Examination Connotation Exemplification Construction Expansion Criticism Explanation Conveyance Exploration Demonstration Exposition Denotation Foreshadowing Depiction Foretelling Highlight Hint Illustration Impact Implication Indication Information Introduction Manifestation Narration Persuasion Portrayal Presentation Reference Relation (relationship) Remark Representation Revelation Show Significant Symbol Suggestion Support Type The sky _____________ _____________. The cliffs _____________ _____________. The branch _____________ _____________. “The floppy clocks represent a world without time.” Which analytical sentences can you nominalise to give your writing more variety and authority? “The floppy clocks are a representation of a world without time.”