AP Biology Summer assignment 2013
Name_________________________________
enclosed:
1. Essay questions pertaining to Campbell Biology chapters 50-51. Please note, these
must be typed.
2. Scientific vocabulary root words, prefixes and suffixes. Keep this list handy, as you will
find that many scientific terms are based in Latin prefixes and suffixes. We may have pop
quizzes on these terms
3. Short answer questions pertaining to chapters 50-51 . Typed only
4. Instructions for an Ecology Scavenger Hunt photo journal
5. Journal article entitled “Artic Fever “
For this class you will need:
1. A 2" locking binder just for AP Biology class.
2. Put divider tabs inside for the following:
a. Chapter notes
b. Labs
c. Chapter Worksheets
e. Practice Essays
f. Practice tests
3. Dedicated Folder for handouts
4. Marble notebook for lab work
Because of time constraints, it is impossible to cover all 55 chapters in the Campbell's
Biology textbook in one school year. This is about four times as many chapters as you
covered in Biology I. Since this is a college level course you must learn to work
independently and at a quick pace. It is therefore necessary for you to cover some of the
curriculum on your own during the summer break.
You will be expected to understand key concepts from Biology I and Chemistry that
includes, cell biology, genetics, evolution, classification, general and biochemistry. Some
great web sites to help with reviewing these key concepts are :
http://library.thinkquest.org/28751/review/biochem/index.html
If you click on the drop down menu on the left
titled "Review Main", you can go to key
topics. This website will be helpful for when studying for tests as well.
The web site below is one that has animated tutorials on key concepts. This will be helpful
to you all year.
http://bcs.whfreeman.com/thelifewire/content/chp00/00020.html
You should log onto the College Board web site
www.collegeboard.com/ap click into biology
You will find a detailed course description and you can find valuable resources.
The four big ideas are outlined on the website, and you should explore them
thoroughly before class begins in September. The course objectives are also on the
website, and it is a good idea to understand the nature of the course before
beginning your studies.
A description of the AP Biology test format is also on this site.
Your textbook: Campbell Biology 6e
Campbell Biology Website for online textbook resources
www.occawlonline.pearsoned.com/bookbind/pubbooks/campbell6e_awl/chapter0/deluxe.
html
The student code for Campbell's site is:
SSNAST-WAHOO-MELIC-BAJAN-HOBBY-GAMES
On the First day of class: be prepared with all your work handed in. Do not wait until
the night before to do it.
If you need to send us an email contact either of us at:
kbrowne@cwcboe.org
mpress@cwcboe.org
Part 1. Short answer questions
The following questions correlate to chapters 50-55 in your Campbell textbook. There are
many available resources on the Campbell website to help you answer the questions. Look
to the left of the website and click into the toolbar.
Type your response. Answer in complete sentences, paragraph form if applicable.
1.
Describe the relationship between ecology and evolutionary biology.
2. Describe the problems associated with introduced species. Specifically address
the African bees and zebra mussels
3. Explain the tens rule.
4. Describe and illustrate the biotic and abiotic factors that dictate the distribution
of various species.
5. List and describe the characteristics of the major terrestrial biomes. What is the
primary determinant of the major terrestrial biomes?
6. What are the major climatic factors that determine the distribution species?
7. Explain how genes and the environment can contribute to behavior. What is unique
about innate behavior
8. Describe imprinting, associative learning, and cognitive mechanisms of learning
9. Describe the conditions that may result in clumped dispersion, uniform dispersion,
and random dispersion of populations
10. Describe the characteristics of type I, type II, and type III survivorship curves.
11. Distinguish between r selected and k selected populations
12. How do density and density independent factors work together to control
population growth ?
13. Describe the competitive exclusion principle and explain how this affects
community structure
14. Define an ecological niche and restate the competitive exclusion principle using the
concept of the niche.
15. How does resource partitioning affect species diversity?
16. Describe the predator prey relationship and explain how each one can affect the
others population. Describe defense mechanisms in plants and how they may have
evolved to prevent predation by herbivores. Use the terms competition predation,
mutualism, and commensalism.
17. Describe and distinguish between primary and secondary succession.
18. Describe and distinguish between energy pyramids and biomass pyramids. Why are
both relationships in the form of pyramids?
19. Explain how decomposition affects all trophic levels in an ecosystem.
20. Explain how cultural eutrophication can alter freshwater ecosystems.
21. Explain why toxic compounds usually have the greatest effect on top level
carnivores.
22. Describe how increased atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide could affect
earth.
23. Explain why biodiversity at all levels is vital to human welfare.
24. List the four major threats to biodiversity and give an example of each
Part II Biology Scavenger Hunt
For this part of the summer assignment, you will be familiarizing yourself with science
terms that we will be using in the ecology unit
You must photograph and label the item into a powerpoint that we can save using google
docs. Do not take a picture of a picture! Take a walk around your yard, go on a field trip,
bring your camera on vacation!
The following is a list of the items that are required on your powerpoint:
1. Two different biomes
2. A food chain
3. A food Web
4. An example of Batesian mimicry
5. An example of commensalism
6. A detrivore
7. An herbivore
8. A Carnivore
9. An example of homeostasis
10. Three different examples of invasive or introduced plant species
11. Three different examples of invasive or introduced animal species(use a variety of
animal phylum)
12. A K-strategist
13. Lichen
14. A littoral zone organism
15. An example of Mullerian mimicry
16. An example of mutualism
17. An animal in its’ niche
18. A pollinator
19. A population of animals
20. Predation
21. An r-strategist
22. Seed dispersal
23. Succession
24. Taxis
25. Territorial behavior
26. Trophic levels
Part III Ecology Essays.
The following essay questions correlate to chapters 50-55 in the Campbell book.
You should choose and answer 5 essays, being careful to answer all parts of the questions.
Please type your responses. Please be complete in your response
1.
In pet shops across North America,, you can purchase a variety of fish, bird and
reptiles that do not originate from North America. How does such a pet trade
endanger native plants and animals?
2. Hiking up a mountain on day, you notice a plant species that has one growth form at
a low elevation and a very different growth form at high elevations. You wonder if
this represents different genetically distinct populations of this species as each
adapted to the prevailing conditions of where they are found, or if this species has
developed developmental flexibility. What experiment can you design to distinguish
between these two hypothesis?
3. Scientists studying scrub jays found that it is common for helpers to assist mated
pairs of birds in raising young. The helpers lack territory and mates of their own.
Instead, they help the territory owners gather food for their offspring. Propose a
hypothesis to explain what advantage there might be for the helpers to engage in
this behavior instead of seeking their own territory and mates. How could you test
this hypothesis?
4. Contrast the difference between r and k strategist reproduction. What
advantages to a species do each provide?
5. Many people regard the rapid population growth of developing countries as our most
serious environmental problem. Others think that the population
growth in
developed countries, though smaller, is actually a greater threat to the
environment. What kinds of problems result from population growth in either types
of environments or which do you think is the greater threat and why?
6. By 1935, hunting and trapping had eliminated the wolf population form the USA
except for Alaska. Because wolves have since been protected as an endangered
species, they have moved south form Canada and have become reestablished in the
Rocky Mountains and northern great lakes. Conservationists who would like to
speed up this process have introduced wolves into Yellowstone. Local ranchers are
opposed to this because they fear that predation on their cattle and sheep . What
are some reasons for reestablishing wolves in Yellowstone? what effects will this
reintroduction have on the ecological communities in the region> how can the
conflicts be resolved>
7. The amount of CO2 has been rapidly increasing in the environment. Global
temperatures have also increased. Many scientists feel these are unrelated events.
What is greenhouse warming and how is carbon recycled into the environment in
natural and accelerated ways. What is the oxygen cycle and how does this
contribute to this event? Are their ways to counteract the greenhouse effect?
8. Extinction is a natural process in the world. However the current rate of
extinction caused by human impact has rapidly accelerated this process. What are
the implications of this rapid extinction rate for the restoration of biological
diversity in the future as compared to the far slower rates in the past history of
the earth?
Part IV Journal article : Artic Fever