东
课程名称
适用专业
（
自
觉
遵
守
考
场
纪
律
大
学
基因组科学与技术
生物医学工程
带
考
试
卷（A
考试学期
08-09-2
考试形式
开卷
材
与
教
卷）
得分
考试时间长度
笔
记
90 分钟
）
一、Multiple Choice (2’×20)
线
请将第一题答案填入附表一（见第五页）
：
1. The first level of compaction of DNA consists of:
A) DNA winding around histones to form small nucleosomes.
B) tight coiling of DNA with nucleosomes into higher order structures.
C) high level compaction into metaphase-type chromosomes.
D) histone, DNA, and nonhistone covalent bonding.
2. A yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) usually consists of:
A) a yeast centromere.
B) a yeast origin of replication.
C) telomere sequences.
D) suitable selectable markers.
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E)all of the above
3. From DNA research, sites of transcription and therefore most of the genes along the length
of the chromosome appear to be found in:
A) heterochromatin.
B) euchromatin.
C) constitutive heterochromatin.
D) centromeric regions.
4. Which of the following are considered chromosomal rearrangements?
A) inversions
B) duplications
C) deletions
D) translocations E) all of the above
5.
A)
C)
D)
Down Syndrome can result from:
three copies of chromosome 21. B) a translocation of a part of chromosome 21.
a reciprocal translocation between any two autosomes.
a and b
E) a, b, and c
6. Transposable elements have many things in common. Which of the following is not a usual
characteristic of them?
A) Typically smaller than 50 bp.
B) May be present in a genome from one to thousands of times.
C) Are found only in a select group of organisms.
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D) Need not be sequences that do something for the organism.
7. We run a cross Hfr A+B+C+D+E+ × F-A-B-C-D-E-. After 5 minutes we get F-B+, after
10 minutes F-B+D+, after 15 minutes F-B+D+E+, after 20 minutes, F-B+D+E+A+, after 25
minutes F-B+D+E+A+C+. The gene order is:
A) ABCDE. B)
BDEAC. C)
BDACE. D)
EDCAB. E) EAEDB.
8. Bacteriophage λ normally integrates in a region called λint. It is possible to isolate mutants
that lack this site. In these mutants the phage will integrate at random at any point in the
chromosome. And like the wild type situation, occasionally when it excises from the genome, it
carries adjacent genes. Thus a λ with nearly any gene can be isolated. We have made a phage
lysate in a λint mutant. We take the lysate and infect a trp- mutant with the lysate. We pick one
colony that grows on minimal medium. What has happened?
A) A λ with trp attached has infected the cell. B) We have a revertant.
C) Conjugation with wild type bacteria has occurred.
D) Transformation with wild type bacteria has occurred.
E) None of the above
9. We think we might have an insertion sequence in a gene causing a mutation. We know the
sequence of insertion sequence. How could we determine if the mutation is caused by an
insertion sequence?
A) Clone the gene and sequence.
B) Clone the gene and probe with insertion sequence DNA.
C) Make PCR mers and see if a ds DNA product is made by the cloned gene.
D) Carry out transduction of adjacent genes and see if they are further apart.
E) All of the above
10. What would be the phenotype of a mutation that altered lac promoter function?
A) constitutive B) inducible
C) permanently repressed D) none of the above
11. Why is glucose involved in the catabolite repression of the lactose operon?
A) It has nothing to do with regulation of the lactose operon.
B) It is produced by the enzymatic breakdown of lactose, its presence thereby signifying the
presence of lactose in the cell.
C) It is also a substrate for β-galactosidase.
D) Its presence in the cell increases the amount of lac represor in the cell.
12. How does tryptophan, the end product of the trp operon, function in the regulation of the
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operon?
A) It binds to the repressor preventing it from binding to DNA thus allowing transcription of
the operon.
B) It binds to the repressor and only then can the repressor bind to DNA allowing transcription
of the operon.
C) It binds directly to DNA and inhibits transcription of the operon.
D) It binds to the repressor and only then can this complex bind to DNA preventing
transcription of the operon.
13. Most decisions controlling the amount of gene product synthesized are made during:
A) termination of replication. B) transport of mRNA to the cytoplasm.
C) initiation of transcription. D) alternative splicing.
E) regulation of translation.
14. ______________ are cis-acting DNA sequences that often function at a distance from the
gene they are regulating.
A) Promoter elements
B) Terminator elements
C) Enhancer elements
D) Regulator elements
E) Initiator elements
15. In generating a reporter construct to study gene regulation, the reporter gene introduced
replaces:
A) β-galactosidase.
B) a random region of DNA.
C) the cis-acting regulatory DNA sequence.
D) X-gal.
E) the coding region of the gene being studied.
16. _____________ are basal transcription factors that associate with TBP to assist in initiating
transcription from eukaryotic class II genes.
A) TATAs
B) DNA- BPs
C) TAFs
D) Jun and Fos E) Sxl and string
17. A(n) _____________________ is a cis-acting DNA sequence that functions to regulate a
cluster of two or more related genes.
A) TBP
B) promoter element
C)
transcriptional activator
D) derepressor
E) locus control region
18. _______________ is used to describe a situation in which a gene's expression pattern is
dependent upon the parent from which is was inherited.
A) Genomic imprinting
B) Spermatogenesis
C) Heterodimerization
D) Homodimerization
E) Gender-specific RNA stability
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19 Enzymes that covalently link phosphate groups to their substrates are termed:
A) kinases. B) phosphatases. C) cyclins. D) phosphatase inhibitors. E) ligases.
20. ______________________ are mutant forms of normal genes that act dominantly to
predispose a cell to a cancerous phenotype.
A) Polymerases
B) Oncogenes
C)
Activators
D) Tumor suppressors
E) Proto-oncogenes
二、Fill in the Blank （2’×8）
1. _________________ techniques are based on the natural propensity of complementary
single-stranded molecule to form stable double helices.
2. A short single-stranded piece of DNA that is labeled and used in hybridization experiments is
called a ____________________.
3. Minute circles of dsDNA called ___________________ can gain access to and replicate,
independently of the endogenous chromosome, within many kinds of bacterial cells.
4. ______________________ are encoded by DNA distant from the gene being regulated, and
often function as DNA-binding proteins
5. FISH is the acronym for ________________________.
6. _________________________________ kinases control the cell cycle by phosphorylating
other proteins.
7. ______________________ is a small protein that is covalently attached to polypeptides in
long chains, targeting the tagged peptide for degradation. The large, multienzyme complex that
functions to degrade these tagged polypeptides is termed a ___________________.
8．________________ gene transfer is the direct transfer of genes from one species in the germ
line of another species.
三、Glossary (5’×6)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
vector
transgene
，
，
5 untranslated region (5 UTR)
RNAi
Stem cell
Karyotype
四、Short Answer （14’）
1、In 1951 a woman named Henriettal Lacks died of cervical cancer. Just before she died a piece
of her tumor was taken and put into culture in a laboratory in an attempt to induce the cells to
grow in vitro.The attempt succeeded,and the resulting cell line (known as HeLa cells) is still
used today in laboratories around the world for studies of various aspects of cell biology. In the
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cell cycle of typical HeLa cells,G1 lasts about 11 hours, S lasts about 8 hours,G2 lasts 4 hours,
and mitosis (M) takes about 1 hour.
a. Cultured cells do not typically grow synchronously. That is, the individual cells in a culture
are randomly distributed throughout the cell cycle. If you looked through the microscope at
a sample of HeLa cells, in approximately what proportion of them would you expect the the
chromosomes to be visible? ( The cells do not split apart completely after cytokinesis, and
‘
each joined double cell should be counted as one.) （4 ）
‘
b. Approximately what proportion would be in interphase? （3 ）
2、 Cell-surface receptors function to transmit signals from the outside of the cell into the
cytoplasm. Name the three protein domains that are responsible for receptors to accomplish this
‘
signal transmission.（3 ）
‘
3、Briefly describe the events of transcription in a living cell. （4 ）
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