Accreditation of a Dispensing / Pharmacy Assistant programme (Delivering Medicines Safely and Effectively), National Pharmacy Association (NPA) Report of an accreditation event, 22 July 2014 Introduction The General Pharmaceutical Council (GPhC) is the statutory regulator for pharmacists and pharmacy technicians and is the accrediting body for pharmacy education in Great Britain. Background The National Pharmacy Association (NPA), ‘the provider’ is a trade organisation and membership comprises community pharmacy owners. The NPA Professional Development Department supports community pharmacy owners with support staff training. The NPA was originally accredited by the previous regulator, the Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain. In 2011, a GPhC accreditation team agreed to recommend to the Registrar of the General Pharmaceutical Council that the NPA dispensing assistant course should be reaccredited for a period of three years from March 2011, subject to the following three conditions. 1. The qualification must be mapped to the National Occupational Standards and submitted to the GPhC for review and approval by the accreditation team. Thereafter there must be a process in place where this is regularly reviewed other than when the qualification is due for reaccreditation by the GPhC.2. The provider must ensure that the training materials correctly state that the dispensary assistant course is taught and assessed at level 2, even though the first four modules are common to the knowledge-based qualification for level 3. This must be clear to in all documentation available to the public and students. 3. The GPhC must be notified when the IT initiative involving online training materials and assessment is launched. 4. All outstanding mapping errors and adjustments must be rectified. Conditions 1, 2, and 4 must be met by 1 May 2011. All conditions were met. The accreditation team made the following recommendation: A separate guide is produced for locum pharmacists/pharmacy technicians who may work with a trainee. This should be available within the ‘Supervisors’ Guide’ to enable locums to understand their training obligations. In response, the NPA decided that any locum who is acting as a witness for the students would need to read the whole Supervising Pharmacists guide as all information contained within is essential for full understanding of the course. The NPA representatives at the present event told the accreditation team that none of them had been in post at 1 General Pharmaceutical Council, Dispensing Assistant – Delivering Medicines – Safely and Effectively programme accreditation record National Pharmacy Association, 22 July 2014 the time of the last accreditation but were aware of the outcomes. Since the last accreditation event, the NPA has decided to expand its portfolio to offer a new training course specifically aimed at delivery drivers. It was recognised that the training needs of delivery drivers differed from those of dispensing assistants and this Level 2 Delivering Medicines Safely and Effectively course has been designed and tailored to address these needs. Documentation The provider submitted submission documentation to the GPhC in line with agreed timescales and a pre-event meeting took place at the General Pharmaceutical Council headquarters at Lambeth on 2 July 2014. During the pre-event meeting the schedule of meetings and timings for the accreditation event were confirmed. The following documents were submitted by the provider in advance of the accreditation event: Delivering Medicines Safely and Effectively Marking Form and Guidance Marking Supervising pharmacist’s guide Candidate guide Learning Contract with Module Patient Confidentiality Agreement Personal Profile Exercise Evaluation Form NPA Course Policies and Procedures 2014 comprising: Assessment procedure; Appeals procedure; Malpractice and Plagiarism Policy and Procedure; Quality Assurance Procedures – Comparative Marking Procedure for New Markers, Ongoing Comparative Marking Procedure, Random Assessment Procedure and associated documents; Reviewing and Updating Course Material; Dyslexia Procedure. Role Profiles of all Staff Members CV of Course leader, QA pharmacist and Head of Department Application Form Numeracy and Literacy Skills Document Marker Contract (Appendix 6) and Service Level Agreement Marker Information Pack Certificate The following document was submitted at the event: - Level 2 (ADAC) to Level 3(QCF) Transfer Process Flow Chart 2 General Pharmaceutical Council, Dispensing Assistant – Delivering Medicines – Safely and Effectively programme accreditation record National Pharmacy Association, 22 July 2014 The event The event was held on 22 July 2014 at the NPA offices in St Albans 22 July 2014 (Level 2 programmes) Time 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 09:00 – 11:30 11:30 – 12:30 13:00 – 15:00 15:00 – 16:30 16:30 – 16:45 Private Tour meeting of accreditation team and GPhC representatives Presentation Meeting with NPA representatives Private meeting of accreditation team and GPhC representatives Feedback to NPA representatives Accreditation team The GPhC’s accreditation team (‘the team’) comprised: Name Mrs Barbara Wensworth* Mrs Cath Davies Mrs Donna Bartlett Professor Dorothy Whittington Designation at the time of accreditation event Accreditation team leader, Freelance Consultant Pharmacist Accreditation team member, Health Science Co-ordinator, Stoke-on-Trent College (proxy member) Accreditation team member, Area compliance co-ordinator, Whitworth Chemist Ltd Accreditation team member (Lay), Emeritus Professor of Health Psychology, University of Ulster and Non-executive Director, Northern Health and Social Care Trust (Northern Ireland) along with: Name Ms Joanne Martin * Ms Jenny Clapham * Dr Ian G Marshall Designation at the time of event Quality Assurance Manager (Education), General Pharmaceutical Council Quality Assurance Officer, General Pharmaceutical Council Rapporteur , Emeritus Professor of Pharmacology, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow *attended pre-event meeting on 2 July 2014 3 General Pharmaceutical Council, Dispensing Assistant – Delivering Medicines – Safely and Effectively programme accreditation record National Pharmacy Association, 22 July 2014 Declaration of potential conflicts of interest No potential conflicts of interest were declared The accreditation criteria Accreditation team’s commentary 1. The Training Programme All of the seven criteria relating to the training programme are met. The contents of the Delivering Medicines- Safely & Effectively module meet the requirements of units of S/NVQ level 2 (QCF) in Pharmacy Service Skills in: 1. Assist with the provision of a pharmacy service to meet individual needs, 2. Make sure your own actions reduce risks to health and safety, 3. Contribute to the effectiveness of teams, 15. Assist in the issuing of prescribed items. The course primarily covers units 1, 2, 3 and 15 as well as relevant aspects of the other units. The module aims to provide those members of pharmacy staff who primarily deliver medicines to patient’s homes with the knowledge required to undertake this activity in a safe and effective manner. The course consists of a single workbook module undertaken on a distance learning basis; students work through the module at their own pace, over a period of two to three months or sooner. The estimated study time required to complete the module is approximately 15 hours. The module covers the minimum training requirements pertinent to delivery drivers duties (e.g. handling medication which has been dispensed in the pharmacy and delivering to the patient) both within and beyond the pharmacy. It will be made explicit by covering letter that the course will not entitle the candidate to work on the medicines counter or undertake any dispensing procedures other than the safe delivery of medication. However, the team noted in the documentation that there was reference to “…stock and dispensing…”; this should be corrected. The team also agreed that reference to generic and trade names of medicines should be placed early in the workbook as it considered it necessary to inculcate this information into students with no previous knowledge of pharmacy at an early stage. The team also considered that the advice in the course booklet about dealing with people with specific requirements could benefit from a review; currently it does not cover the whole spectrum of what might be encountered and how to communicate effectively with, for example, people whose mother tongue is not English, rather than simply people with language problems. The team also agreed that the definition and description of the role of the pharmacy technician in the course booklet does not reflect the important role they play within the pharmacy team; this should be reviewed. The module is stand alone and cannot be used to transfer onto other NPA courses. The module has been written by NPA Professional Development Pharmacists with an expertise in community pharmacy. In line with all services provided by the NPA, the course is open to candidates employed by members of the NPA and multiple pharmacy NPA customers, i.e. those employed within a community pharmacy. Admission on to the course is determined by supervising pharmacists (on behalf of employers) for staff members, whose role requires them to deliver prescribed items. The module is based on an integrated knowledge and assessment workbook. Candidates are required to answer set questions and complete activities relating to delivery of medicines to demonstrate their knowledge and provide 4 General Pharmaceutical Council, Dispensing Assistant – Delivering Medicines – Safely and Effectively programme accreditation record National Pharmacy Association, 22 July 2014 evidence of implementing this in practice. The contents have been developed by NPA Professional Development Pharmacists, who are all pharmacists and hold additional and relevant training qualifications. External self-employed markers are used for the marking of assessments. All markers are either pharmacists or registered pharmacy technicians whom are contractually bound to keeping occupationally competent within the field of community pharmacy. All new markers undergo 100% Comparative Marking until the NPA Quality Assurance Pharmacist is happy with the level of accuracy and quality of feedback given to each learner. Each marker must undergo continuous Quality Assurance. As part of a continuous improvement programme a new method for comparative marking analysis has been introduced. Student’s marked work is recalled for quality assurance processes for each marker for each module, on a monthly basis. 2. Academic Management Structures All of the four criteria relating to Academic and Management Structures are met. The documentation stated that external self-employed markers currently used for the marking of the Dispensary Assistants Course (ADAC) will be used for this single module as the content is aligned to part of ADAC module 1. The team was told that the current Professional Development Department team had inherited the pool of markers, but told the team that most of the markers had worked for multiple pharmacy chains in learning and development departments, and that some had worked in educational colleges; many were said to have had at least 10 years’ experience of marking, including for pharmacy technicians’ courses. All markers are issued a Marker Information Pack to aid them with marking. They are also issued guidance marking for this stand-alone module which must be followed when marking student’s work. Markers award a grade based on the percentage ranges stated in the associated marking guidance. Further quality assurance procedures include random assessment and end of course evaluations. A certificate will not be issued until all elements of the course are complete. Summative case studies are not to be completed under examination conditions; students can work through them in their own time and can use their modules and other reference sources. Students who fail must attempt a new, re-sit paper. If students fail the third attempt they must be discontinued from the course. Under extenuating circumstances the two- to three-month course may be extended for a further 6 months at the discretion of the Pharmacist Course Leader, following consultation with the supervising pharmacist. Extensions beyond this will only be made at the discretion of the Head of Professional Development. Under certain circumstances, where an extension is granted, this may be made on the proviso that additional training materials or assessments are studied or undertaken. All courses will automatically expire three years from the start date of the course and no further extensions are permitted beyond this point. The documentation explained that if a student is unhappy with an assessment decision either the student or the supervising pharmacist must write to the NPA stating the reason behind the appeal. The student is asked to forward their work to the NPA Course Leader. The NPA Professional Development Pharmacist marks the module independently to the initial marker and reviews the mark and grade awarded. Students are made aware that the grade may be lowered, raised, or stay the same as a result of the review. The supervising pharmacist is contacted within 14 days of receipt to discuss the outcome. A full review of the training material is conducted at least annually by the NPA Course Leader. If a major change occurs during a course 5 General Pharmaceutical Council, Dispensing Assistant – Delivering Medicines – Safely and Effectively programme accreditation record National Pharmacy Association, 22 July 2014 an addendum is sent to all current students and included as a supplement in the module for those students who enrol before the formal update. Any cases of malpractice could be identified by students, supervising pharmacists, peers, markers or NPA personnel. Where identified these should be reported to the NPA in writing, with supporting evidence as applicable. The NPA will acknowledge the report within 7 working days and investigate the allegation. A panel comprising the NPA Course Leader, Professional Development Manager and Quality Assurance Pharmacist will consider the findings of the report and decide upon further action required dependent on the specific case. 3. Resources All of the eight criteria relating to Resources are met. The Professional Development Department is made up of an established team consisting of a mix of pharmacists, pharmacy technicians, member liaison officers and student support officers. The team is led by the Head of Professional Development who is in a senior management position and reports directly to the NPA Chief Executive. The Head of Professional Development is supported by the Professional Development management team consisting of the Professional Development Manager, Member Liaison Manager and Quality Assurance Pharmacist. The Professional Development Pharmacists report to the Professional Development Manager. The NVQ Centre Manager is a registered pharmacy technician and reports directly to the Quality Assurance Pharmacist. A team of four Student Support Officers is line-managed by either the Professional Development Manager or Quality Assurance Pharmacist but also reports to the lead Student Support Officer. The NPA contracts 16 self-employed external markers/assessors to mark summative assessments who are either pharmacists or registered pharmacy technicians. The NPA uses a record- keeping computer system (Integra – a bespoke customer relationship management IT system) which allows for electronic recording of student details including pharmacy address, supervising pharmacist, courses enrolled on, any disabilities, a log of all communication with the student and grades received. Supervising pharmacists, like students, also have access to NPA in-house staff to support and advice. The pharmacist is responsible for helping the student through their course and bridging the gap between the theory of the module and the practical aspects of working in a pharmacy. They must also ensure the student completes and submits their own work. The Delivering Medicines Safely and Effectively course will be marketed via the NPA website, the NPA in-pharmacy magazine and via the NPA learning brochure. Intakes for the module are at any time of year; this allows students to commence the course as soon as required. The course is to be completed within a period of 2-3 month period, though extensions are permissible. For those students who are on the course for six months or longer and are still active on the course, they will receive a status letter and, If required, an outbound call is made to the student 3 months after the letter is sent if there is no contact or progression on the course. End of course evaluations are sent to all students with their certificate. Additionally there are online evaluation forms which students can fill in at any time; evaluation forms are analysed and used to improve the course to ensure it better meets the students and members’ needs. Students are also able to give informal feedback at any time via email or by telephone. This information is analysed and used to 6 General Pharmaceutical Council, Dispensing Assistant – Delivering Medicines – Safely and Effectively programme accreditation record National Pharmacy Association, 22 July 2014 improve the course and the student’s course experience. Students receive written feedback from the NPA and are able to telephone the NPA if they wish to discuss the feedback. Students who fail the assessments twice are also given oral feedback via a telephone call. The NPA will contact the supervising pharmacist first to discuss the feedback and will obtain consent to telephone the student. Summary and conclusions The team agreed to recommend to the Registrar of the General Pharmaceutical Council that National Pharmacy Association should be accredited as a Dispensing Assistant – Delivering Medicines – Safely and Effectively course provider for a period of 3 years. No conditions were set. The accreditation team identified an area of strength: The team recognised the progress made by the NPA education team and will look forward to the next visit to see its continuation. The full record and report includes other comments from the team and the Registrar regards the record and report in its entirety as its formal view on provision. Providers are required to take all comments into account as part of the reaccreditation process. Standing conditions of accreditation: These are the conditions which will apply in all circumstances of Dispensing Assistant accreditation: 1. The General Pharmaceutical Council has assumed responsibility for the regulation of pharmacy education. The Pharmacy Order, the legislation establishing the General Pharmaceutical Council as regulator, states that the General Pharmaceutical Council accept previous decisions of the Society. In this context, that means previous accreditation decisions of the Society will stand. 2. The recommendations are not binding on the Registrar and the Registrar may add, remove or modify points on reflection and in light the accreditation panel views. 3. The General Pharmaceutical Council’s record and report will be sent to the NPA shortly to comment on factual accuracy. The providers must respond to the definitive version of the record and report within three months of receipt. 4. Thereafter the summary report, along with the NPA response, will be published on the General Pharmaceutical Council’s website and remain for the duration of the accreditation period. The record remains confidential to the Training provider and the General Pharmaceutical Council. 5. All accredited providers are required to inform the General Pharmaceutical Council annually of changes to the curriculum and/or resources. 7 General Pharmaceutical Council, Dispensing Assistant – Delivering Medicines – Safely and Effectively programme accreditation record National Pharmacy Association, 22 July 2014 The Pharmacy Order 2010 states: Schedule 1 The Council’s duties in respect of publications 6. (2) The Council may from time to time publish or provide in such manner as it sees fit guidance to registrants, employers and such other persons as it considers appropriate in respect of the standards for the education, training, supervision and performance of persons who are not registrants but who provide services in connection with those provided by registrants. Reference: http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2010/231/contents/made Following the above event, the Registrar of the General Pharmaceutical Council subsequently accepted the accreditation team’s recommendation and approved the course for accreditation for a period of three years, until the end of September 2017. 8 General Pharmaceutical Council, Dispensing Assistant – Delivering Medicines – Safely and Effectively programme accreditation record National Pharmacy Association, 22 July 2014 Appendix 1 - Accreditation Criteria 1. The training programme a. The programme is equivalent to one or more units of the S/NVQ level 2 (QCF) b. The unit(s) the course is designed to cover are specified. c. The course content covers the relevant units of the ‘GPhC underpinning knowledge template’ (see mapping of the course to the programme requirements). d. For each unit, the transfer of underpinning knowledge into the workplace is demonstrated through the use of a variety of methods e. The programme is taught at Qualifications Credit framework level 2. f. The programme is planned with reference to the S/NVQ (QCF) level 2 underpinning knowledge template. g. Assessments have been developed by subject experts from the Pharmacy sector and directly relate to the relevant units of the S/NVQ (QCF) level 2 underpinning knowledge template. 2. Academic and Management Structures a. Assessment process and strategies assure appropriate standards in assessment and that students are able to demonstrate fitness for purpose. b. In the processes of programme review and development, the training provider has taken account of advances in pharmacy practice, for instance recent POM c. d. to P reclassifications, and developments potentially impacting on pharmacy. Course regulations include procedures for appeals against assessment decisions Course regulations include procedures for dealing with suspected plagiarism and/or malpractice 3. Resources a. Buildings, human, equipment, and other resources available to the training provider are sufficient for the effective delivery of the course to the numbers of b. c. d. e. f. g. h. students on the course, and overall. Record keeping systems are able to generate data on candidates completing, completion rates, student sector of practice and disability. Systems are in place for issuing certificates of completion to successful students in the GPhC’s approved format There is an appropriate mix of tutors, mentors and assessors. The student has access to a personal tutor or tutors for academic guidance and pastoral care. The student is instructed in the use of information resources. There are adequate student feedback mechanisms in place. The training provider seeks to provide the student with a positive learning experience. 9 General Pharmaceutical Council, Dispensing Assistant – Delivering Medicines – Safely and Effectively programme accreditation record National Pharmacy Association, 22 July 2014 Mapping to programme requirements Please demonstrate how the training programme has been designed to meet one or more units of the NVQ level 2 (QCF) Pharmacy Service Skills by providing a mapping using the tables below. 1. Assist with the provision of a pharmacy service to meet individual needs To demonstrate knowledge and understanding in this NOS , assistants should be able to apply: Name of document and unit/module number Page Section 1 6-9 Section 1 Section 2 Section 3 9-11 13-15 24-25 Section 1 Section 3 7-10 24-26 Section 2 18-19 Section 3 24-25 Section 2 15-20 Section 2 13-20 Legislation, policy and good practice 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 A working knowledge of SOPs and the importance of adhering to them at all times A working knowledge of the importance of maintaining individual satisfaction, loyalty and confidence to the organisation and how you contribute towards it A working knowledge of the organisation’s policy on individual service and individual relationships and how this applies to your role A working knowledge of the organisations procedure for handling complaints A working knowledge of the importance of working within the limits of your competence and authority A working knowledge of the importance of establishing the requirements of individuals clearly and accurately A working knowledge of the importance of verbal and non verbal communication when communicating with individuals Provide information 10 General Pharmaceutical Council, Dispensing Assistant – Delivering Medicines – Safely and Effectively programme accreditation record National Pharmacy Association, 22 July 2014 A working knowledge of how to give clear and accurate information and check the individual’s understanding 1.9 A working knowledge of relevant products and services or advice for which information and/or advice is required 1.10 A working knowledge of where to get assistance if you can’t provide information and advice yourself Section 2 14-15 Section 1 7-8 Section 2 Section 3 16-18 24-25 1.11 A working knowledge of what source of information to use, what information can be given to the individual 1.12 A working knowledge of the source(s) of information that can be accessed and the information that can be given to individuals by the pharmacist Section 2 Section 3 – i.e. refer to pharmacist or other appropriate person 16-18 24-25 Section 2 Section 3 16-18 24-25 Section 2 18-20 Section 2 18-20 Section 2 18-20 1.8 Resolve queries and complaints 1.13 A working knowledge of how to manage conflict and/or individuals who are angry 1.14 A working knowledge of how to assess complaints and what action to take 1.15 A working knowledge of when you should refer complaints to a higher authority 2. Make sure your own actions reduce risks to health and safety To demonstrate knowledge and understanding in this NOS , assistants should be able to apply knowledge of: 2.1 What ‘hazards’ and ‘risks’ are 2.2 2.3 Name of document and unit/module number Page Section 4 29-30 Their responsibilities and legal duties for health and Section 4 safety in the workplace Section 4 Their responsibilities for health and safety as 28-29 28-29 11 General Pharmaceutical Council, Dispensing Assistant – Delivering Medicines – Safely and Effectively programme accreditation record National Pharmacy Association, 22 July 2014 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 required by the law covering their job role The hazards which exist in their workplace and the safe working practices which they must follow The particular health and safety hazards which may be present in their own job and the precautions they must take The importance of remaining alert to the presence of hazards in the whole workplace The importance of dealing with, or promptly reporting risks The responsibilities of health and safety in their job description The safe working practices for their own job role Section 4 29-40 Section 4 29-40 Section 4 29-40 Section 4 33-40 Section 4 28-29 Section 4 28-29 Section 4 2.10 The responsible people they should report health and safety matters to 2.11 Where and when to get additional health and safety Section 4 assistance 28-28, 34 27-28, 30-34 2.12 Their scope and responsibility for controlling risks 2.13 Workplace instructions for managing risks which they are unable to deal with Section 4 Section 4 29-31 27-31 2.14 Suppliers’ and manufacturers’ instructions for the safe use of equipment, materials and products which they must follow 2.15 The importance of personal presentation in maintaining health and safety in their workplace 2.16 The importance of personal behaviour in maintaining the health and safety of themselves and others 2.17 The risks to the environment which may be present in their workplace and/or in their own job Section 4 29-30 Section 4 28-29 Section 4 28-29 Section 4 24-38 12 General Pharmaceutical Council, Dispensing Assistant – Delivering Medicines – Safely and Effectively programme accreditation record National Pharmacy Association, 22 July 2014 3. Contribute to the effectiveness of teams To demonstrate knowledge and understanding in this NOS , assistants should be able to apply: Name of document and unit/module number Page Values 3.1. A working knowledge of legal and organisational requirements on equality, diversity, discrimination and rights when working in teams Section 3 21-28 Section 3 24-26 Legislation and organisational policy and procedures 3.2. A working knowledge of codes of practice and conduct, and standards and guidance relevant to their own roles, responsibilities, accountability and duties of others when working in teams to support individuals 3.3. A working knowledge of current local, UK and European legislation, and organisational requirements, procedures and practices for: a) Accessing records b) Recording, reporting, confidentiality and sharing information, including data protection c) Team working 3.4. A working knowledge of how to access up-to-date copies of the organisation’s workplace policies, procedures and systems, and practice and service standards related to team working a) Section 1 b) Section 1 c) Section 3 9-11 9-11 21-28 Section 3 24-26 Section 3 3.5. A working knowledge of the principles that underpin effective team working Section 3 3.6. A working knowledge of individuals’ styles of interaction and how these can affect team working Section 3 3.7. A working knowledge of barriers to developing 22-24 Theory and practice 24-26 22-26 13 General Pharmaceutical Council, Dispensing Assistant – Delivering Medicines – Safely and Effectively programme accreditation record National Pharmacy Association, 22 July 2014 relationships within the team and how these can be overcome Section 3 3.8. A working knowledge of problems which may be encountered when relating to and interacting with other team members and how these can be best handled Section 3 3.9. A working knowledge of their own strengths and weaknesses as an individual worker and as a team member 3.10. A working knowledge of development and learning Section 3 opportunities available to support them in team working and activities 26-27 24-27 27-29 15. Assist in the issuing of prescribed items To demonstrate knowledge and understanding in this NOS , assistants should be able to apply : Name of document and unit/module number Page Legislation, policy and good practice 15.1 A working knowledge of the limits of their own role Section 3 and when to refer to an appropriate person 24-25 15.2 A working knowledge of principles for issuing dispensed medicines and products and the local Standard Operating Procedures that relate to this Section 1 5-9, 11 15.3 A working knowledge of the current ethical and legal requirements that govern the issuing of a prescription Section 1 11 Section 1 15-16 Procedures and techniques 15.4 A working knowledge of how to deal with individuals with special needs 14 General Pharmaceutical Council, Dispensing Assistant – Delivering Medicines – Safely and Effectively programme accreditation record National Pharmacy Association, 22 July 2014 15.5 A working knowledge of the importance of confirming the individual’s identity before issuing dispensed items 15.6 A working knowledge of the importance of providing information on: a) the storage and maintenance of prescribed items b) possible side effects Section 1 a) Section 1 b) Section 1 Section 2 7-8 8, 39-41 7-8, 14 Records and documentation 15.7 Section 1 A factual knowledge of the importance of maintaining dispensary records including the use of the dispensary computer 15.8 A factual knowledge of how medicines are administered 8-10 Section 1 Section 2 7-8, 14 16-17 Section 4 29-30 Materials and equipment 15.9 A working knowledge of the importance of selecting the correct equipment for use 15.10 A working knowledge of the properties of different Section 4 types of container types and when to use each 38 15 General Pharmaceutical Council, Dispensing Assistant – Delivering Medicines – Safely and Effectively programme accreditation record National Pharmacy Association, 22 July 2014