1. Teacher will introduce Polygons:
Definition: closed many-sided geometric figure
Properties:
o Each segment intersects two others each at an end point
o Each vertex has exactly 2 line segments coming out of it
o Regular polygon: each angle has same measure and each line
segment is of equal length
2. Students will fill in left column in table of polygons:
Polygon
Number of Sides
Regular Polygon
(all angles are equal and length of all sides are
equal)
3
Equilateral Triangle
Triangle
4
Square
Quadrilateral
5
Pentagon
Regular Pentagon
6
Hexagon
Regular Hexagon
7
Heptagon
Regular Heptagon
8
Octagon
Regular Octagon
10
Decagon
Regular Decagon
12
Dodecagon
Regular Dodecagon
3. Explain drawing diagonals in a polygon:
Definition of a Diagonal – Two parts
1. Line formed by connecting 2 vertices of a polygon which is
not already a side
2. Want is so one diagonal does not cross another diagonal
4. Teacher will show that drawing diagonals leads to triangles:
Leads to just drawing all the diagonals that come out of one vertex
o No matter what vertex you start at, you will end with the same
number of triangles
o Show pattern for: number of triangles = (# of sides – 2)
Number of sides for the
polygon = n
Number of triangles formed
by diagonals from 1 vertex
Difference between number
of sides and number of
triangles
4
5
6
:
:
2
3
4
4–2=2
5–3=2
6–4=2
n
n-2
n – (n – 2) = 2
5. Teacher reminds students that the sum of the angles of a triangle is
always 180 degrees
Therefore,
(# triangles in a certain polygon)*(180 degrees) = sum of angles in
that polygon
or since: (# of triangles) = (# of sides – 2)
(# of sides – 2)*(180 degrees) = sum of all angles of n-gon
6. Students will then get into groups and fill in the table given below:
Polygon: n =
number of
sides
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
50
100
Number of
diagonals
from each
vertex
(n - 3)
Number of
triangles
possible
(n – 2)
Total
number of
degrees in
polygon
(n – 2)*180
Can you find a relationship
between the names of the
polygons and a common
name or event? (sports,
animals, science, buildings,
etc.) Try to come up with
at least 2 examples.
Answers: Relate prefixes to sports: triathlon, decathlon or certain chemicals: octane,
pentane, pentagon (building) quadriplegic, octopus, etc.
During this portion of the lesson, the teachers will walk around and “coach elaborate”
with the students asking questions such as:
Why do you think the number of triangles will be the same no matter what vertex
you start with?
Why do you think the number of triangles is always three less than the number of
sides?
Why can’t diagonals intersect?
Why is a triangle the smallest possible polygon?
If you start with a triangle and find all the answers, what will happen to the
answers when you add one side and start with a quadrilateral? What if you add 5
sides?
Why do we use triangles to find the angle sum?
The teacher will make sure that each student in the group answers at least one question to
get a more general idea of what the class knows as a whole.
6. Teachers will lead a whole class discussion where the groups will tell the class what
they got as answers for the table and for the question asked.