Hindbrain?
Pons?
Medulla?
Cerebellum?
Reticular activation
system?
Forebrain?
Thalamus?
Limbic system?
Amygdale?
Hypothalamus?
Hippocampus?
Pituitary gland?
Cerebral cortex?
Frontal lobe?
Broca’s area?
Lobotomy?
Motor cortex?
Parietal lobe?
Sensory
homunculus?
Occipital lobe?
Temporal lobes?
Wernike’s area?
Brain plasticity?
Split brain?
Corpus
callosum?
Left brain?
Right brain?
How we study
brain?
Phineas Gage?
The most basic parts of brain evolutionarily. Pons, medulla, cerebellum.
Pons, yawns. Facial expressions.
Heart rate, blood pressure. Damage this and you die.
Means “little brain” Deals with balance and coordination.
Deals with consciousness. Sleep meds affect this. Damage it – you are
in a coma. Part of the midbrain.
Largest part of brain. Includes thalamus, limbic system, cerebral cortex.
Relay station of brain. Relays messages from one part of brain to
another. Smell does not go to thalamus.
Emotional center of brain. Includes amygdala, hypothalamus, pituitary
gland, hippocampus
Tells body to produce adrenaline or norepinephrine for a fear response.
Four Fs: fighting, fleeing, fear, fornication. Also, thirst and body
temperature. Stimulate the ventrolateral – eat forever. Lesion it – starve
yourself. Pleasure center.
Consolidates STM into LTM. You can’t learn without this.
Master gland
Outer, wrinkly layer of brain. Has the highest concentration of neurons.
Divided into lobes
Planning, abstract thought, emotional control. Includes Broca’s area
and motor cortex.
Think Broca “boca” Allows you to talk or produce words. Broca’s
aphasia is the inability to talk.
Surgery to damage frontal lobe. Thorazine is a pill that replaced this.
Strip of frontal lobe that deals with your motor skills.
Has sensory cortex
Cartoon that demonstrates how much space your brain reserves for
particular senses and body motion. Face uses a lot, elbows don’t use
much.
Has visual cortex. Think optical = occipital. in back of head.
Think “temples”. Deals with hearing. Contains Wernike’s area. not
lateralized..
Wernike = “words” hear and understand “comprehend” speech.
Without it you hear blah blah. Wernike’s aphasia is the inability to
understand language.
Ability of brain to reroute messages in case of injury or stroke. (like
avoiding traffic)
When corpus callosum is cut, you have split brain. Read about it.
Thick band of nerves, fibers that divide the right and left hemisphere of
the brain. Cut it and you get split brain.
Controls right side of body. Language. analytical thinking
Controls left side of body. Creative thinking. Musical.
Lesions – damage to brain stimulation – electrically stimulate brain
part
CT scan – X ray for finding tumors
EEG – study electricity of brain (good for sleep study)
MRI – uses magnetics – studies structure of brain
PET – uses radiation to study function of brain
fMRI – combination of PET scan and MRI (studies function)
Railroad worker – got frontal lobe damaged – concluded frontal lobe
deals with personality