Name ________________________________Period _____
CHEMISTRY I - HONORS
MIDTERM REVIEW
Chapter 2
Measurement & Calculations
Describe the purpose of the scientific method
Distinguish between qualitative and quantitative measurements
Describe the differences between the hypotheses, theories and models
Distinguish between a quantity, unit, and a standard measurement
Name & use SI units for length, mass, time, volume & density
Distinguish between mass & weight
Perform density calculations
Distinguish between accuracy and precision
Determine the number of significant figures in measurements & perform operations
Convert measurements into scientific notation
Distinguish between inversely and directly proportional relationships
Vocabulary:
Scientific measurement
System
Hypothesis
Theory
Model
Accuracy
Precision
Percentage error
Significant figures
Scientific notation
Directly proportional
Indirectly proportional
Chapter 1
Matter and Change
Distinguish between physical properties and chemical properties of matter
Classify changes of matter as physical or chemical
Explain gas, liquid & solid states in terms of particles
Explain how conservation of matter applies to changes of matter
Distinguish between a mixture & a pure substance
Vocabulary:
Mass
Matter
Atom
Element
Compound
Extensive properties
Intensive properties
Physical properties
Physical change
Change of state
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Plasma
Chapter 3
Atoms: the Building Blocks of Matter
Explain the Conservation of Mass, the Law of Definite Proportions, & Law of Multiple Proportions
Summarize the 5 essential points of Dalton's atomic theory
Summarize the properties of the cathode ray tube that led to the discovery of the electron
Summarize the experiment carried out be Rutherford that led to the discovery of the nucleus
List the properties of the proton, neutron, electron
Define the atom
Explain what isotopes are
Define atomic number & mass number, describe how they apply to isotopes
Define mole, Avogadro's number & molar mass, and state how all three are related
Solve problems involving mass in grams, amounts in moles, & numbers of atoms in an element
Vocabulary:
Law of Conservation Mass
Law of Definite Proportions
Law of Multiple Proportions
Atom
Nuclear forces
Atomic number
Isotope
Mass number
Nuclide
Atomic mass unit
Average atomic mass
Mole
Avogadro's number
Molar mass
Chapter 21
Nuclear Chemistry
Explain what a nuclide is, and describe the different ways nuclides can be represented.
Define and relate the terms mass defect and nuclear binding energy.
Explain the relationship between nucleon number and stability of nuclei.
Explain why nuclear reactions occur and know how to balance
a nuclear equation. Define and relate the terms radioactive
decay and nuclear radiation.
Describe the different types of radioactive decay and their
effects on the nucleus. Define the term half-life, and explain
how it relates to the stability of a nucleus. Define and relate the
terms decay series, parent nuclide, and daughter nuclide.
Explain how artificial radioactive nuclides are made, and discuss
their significance.
Compare the penetrating ability and shielding requirements of alpha particles, beta
particles, and gamma rays. Describe three devices used in radiation detection.
Discuss applications of radioactive nuclides.
Define nuclear fission, chain reaction, and nuclear fusion, and
distinguish between them. Explain how a fission reaction is used to
generate power.
Discuss the possible benefits and the current difficulty of controlling fusion reactions.
Vocabulary:
Mass defect
Nuclear binding energy
radioactive decay
nuclear radiation
half-life
decay series
parent nuclide
daughter nuclide
Nuclear fission
Chain reaction
Nuclear fusion
Chapter 4
Arrangement of Electrons
Explain the mathematical relationship among the speed, wavelength & frequency of electromagnetic
radiation
Discuss the dual wave-particle nature of light
Discuss the significance of the photoelectric effect & line-emission spectrum
Describe the Bohr model of the hydrogen atom
Discuss the development of the quantum model of the atom
Explain the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle
List the 4 quantum numbers & describe their significance
Relate the number of sublevels to an atom’s energy levels, orbitals per sub-level
List the total number of electrons needed to fully occupy each energy level
State Aufbau principle, the Pauli Exclusion Principle, & Hund’s Rule
Describe electron configurations using, orbital notation, electron configuration or noble-gas notation
Vocabulary:
Electromagnetic radiation
Electromagnetic spectrum
Wavelength
Frequency
Photoelectric effect
Quantum
Photon
Ground state
Excited state
Line-emission spectrum
Continous spectrum
Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle
Quantum theory
Orbital
Quantum number
Principle quantum number
Angular momentum quantum number
Magnetic quantum number
Spin quantum number
Electron configuration
Aufbau Principle
Pauli Exclusion Principle
Hund’s Rule
Noble-gas
Noble-gas configuration
Chapter 5
The Periodic Law
Describe the roles of Medeleev and Moseley in the development of the periodic
table
Describe the modern periodic table
Explain how periodic law can be used to predict physical and chemical
properties
Describe how elements belonging to a group are
interrelated
Locate and name the four blocks of the periodic table
Discuss the relationship between group configurations and group
numbers
Describe the locations in the periodic table and the general properties of the alkalai metals, the alkaline
earth metals, the halogens, and the noble gases
Define and compare the periodic trends atomic radii, ionization energy, electron affinity &
electronegativity
Define valance electrons and state how many are present in each main group element
Compare the periodic trends of the d-block elements with those of the main block elements
Vocabulary:
Periodic law
Periodic table
Lanthanide
Actinide
Alkalai metal
Alkaline earth metal
Transition metal
Main group elements
Halogens
Atomic radius
Ion
Ionization Ionization energy
Electron affinity
Cation
Anion
Valence electrons
Electronegativity