Semester Exam Review
Summer 2005
What happens in mitosis? Meiosis? What is the difference between the two? Be
thorough
What is the difference between diploid and haploid
What makes up a chromosome?
When does DNA replication occur?
Describe cytokinesis in plant and animal cells
What is a karyotype? What does it show?
What is nondisjunction? Give examples.
When does crossing over occur? What is the benefit?
Be able to work an ABO problem
Be able to determine genotype and phenotypes
Incomplete dominance
Be able to work a dihybrid problem
What is chemiosmosis? When does it occur?
What is the Kreb’s cycle? What is the starting point? What is the end point? What
recycles?
What is the Calvin-Benson Cycle? What is the starting point? What is the end point?
What recycles?
What is the difference among C4, C3, and CAM plants?
Why are plants green?
What is rubisco?
What are enzymes? How do they work?
What is the induced fit hypothesis?
“ase”
What is the difference between competitive/noncompetitive enzymes?
What are metabolic pathways? Give examples.
What is the purpose of respiration? Photosynthesis?
What are redox reactions? Where do we see them?
Surface area to volume ration
Homeostasis
Why does the internal pH values change very little.
What is pH, acid, base?
When does dehydration synthesis occur?
Cell theory
Know cell organelles and their functions
Which organelles contain DNA
Diffusion
Phospholipids
Lactic acid
First and second law of Thermodynamics
Relationship of monomers to polymers. Give examples
Difference between RNA and DNA
What is the difference between active and passive transport? Give examples
Concentration gradient
Where does the electron transport chain occur? What is it? What does it accomplish?
Composition of DNA and RNA nucleotides
What is the basic composition of all amino acids? What distinguishes one amino acid
from another?
Explain why water is a polar molecule.
Splenda
Know what happens when cells are placed in hypertonic, hypotonic or isotonic solutions
Turgor pressure
Complementary base pairing
Okazaki fragments
Primase
Ligase
Helicase
DNA polymnerase
Chargaff’s rule
Where are hydrogen bonds found in DNA?
Where are phosphodiester bonds found in DNA?
What does it mean to say DNA is antiparallel?
What is semiconservative replicative?
What is the importance of the sequence of bases?
What composes a nucleotide?
What is transcription?
What is a mutation?
What gives the DNA molecule an uniform diameter?
What is Central dogma of molecular biology?
What are alleles?
Describe the structure of DNA.
What is the genetic code?
What are the distinguishing characteristics of the following:
Marfans
Huntingtons
Turners
Klinefelters
Hemophilia
Down’s syndrome
Tay Sachs
Sickle cell
Difference between X and Y chromosomes
What happens in DNA replication?