GOLDEN TOQUE NEWSLETTER JUNE 2005 Escoffier Dinner Rules The napkin must be tucked under the collar; Person under the influence of liquor will not be permitted to sit at the table. The wines, carefully selected to accompany and enhance the delicacy of each course, must be consumed during the course for which they are intended. To enforce this ruling, the glasses, even full will be removed at the end of each course. Smoking is absolutely forbidden up to the time coffee is served. A Person who smokes while eating does not deserve the title of “Gourmet”. A WARNING Communications: Letters, cards, e-mails and phone calls to/from: Oliver Sommer, Stanley Nicas, Louis Perrotte, Charles Mok, Phil Learned, Phillip Bucci, John Kempf, Bill Lyman, Robert Nograd, Tom Hickey, Van Atkins, Willy Rossel, Jim Miller, Jan Verdonkschot, Robert Bandera and they all say hello and regards to everyone. *************** NEWS ABOUT MEMBERS: Louis Perrotte sent a note to say hello—He has been busy which he states is an understatement. He says,”between running a restaurant. Cooking, filling his duties as ACF Vice President, plus being recently elected President of the Pan America food Forum (an association of 12 different Latin American Countries) has not left much time to enjoy golf with my good friends and neighbors; Joe Amendola and Hiroshi Nogushi. Sorry to miss our annual meeting again. Since Les Amis d’Escoffier is dedicated to the art of good living only, it is forbidden, under threat of expulsion, to speak of personal affairs, of one’s own work or specialty, and more particularly to attempt to elucidate further upon this delicate subject which everyone understands. Furthermore, at these dinner meetings, reference will never be made to the subject of politics. Religious beliefs, personal opinions of either members or guests irrespective of their profession of social status. ************* SAD NEWS We were informed of the passing of ROMEO V. LUPINACCI on June 5, 2005 Les Aimes d’Escoffier Society Established 1935 National and International President Dr. Stanley J. Nicas The Castle-1230 Main Street-Leicester, Mass, U.S.A Dear Tom, June 21, 2005 Received your letter and thank you for your kind words. I agree that you had two great mentors, Jim Edwards and Bob Ehlers both a credit to our society. This is also why I feel that it is important that we honor those who have done so much as Jean Clary has for the group. The Golden Toque has never been as well organized and respected as it has with the fine newsletter that Jean sends out. I am very proud to see that members are working so hard to promote the Golden Toque. The Society means a great deal to me and I shall always try to recognize the people who helped to make it great. I think that the dinner would be a great opportunity to do the presentation for Jean. I shall like to leave the menu, times and details to you and Bill Lyman. The rules of an Escoffier dinner are included. The ceremony is very very short. I have been very busy working in the kitchen and chairing the Distinguished Visiting Chefs Program at Johnson & Wales on top of the great loss of my true love my wife, Helen of 56 years. We worked side by side and she was my mentor as well. I am trying to have a committee attend but it is difficult, as we have never done this outside of an Escoffier Chapter dinner. But with God's will I shall be there and am looking forward to it. Again my thanks and I shall see you soon have a great summer! Fraternally yours, Stanley J.Nicas 1 By Johnna A. Pro--Pittsburgh Post-Gazette When Romeo V. Lupinaccl went to the Seafarers Harry Lundeberg School of Seamanship in Maryland seeking a teaching position, he was none too pleased when one of the administrators suggested that he might not fit in with a bunch of sailors. In language more befitting a salty seaman than a job applicant, Mr. Lupinacci launched into a litany about his experience, including his service during World War II with the Merchant Marine when he survived three days at sea after his ship was torpedoed. He got the job. Over the next 13 years, and for a decade following his official retirement in 1993, Mr. Lupinacci, a certified executive chef, taught culinary arts to merchant seamen who man commercial vessels. A kitchen laboratory at the school was named in his honor. "He was a special guy, a nurturing guy," said his daughter, Roseann Davis, of Economy. "He wanted to teach." Mr. Lupinacci, a resident of Cranberry and formerly Sewickley, died Sunday. He was 82. 1 GOLDEN TOQUE NEWSLETTER JUNE 2005 Following World War II, Mr. Lupinacci studied cooking and baking and over the course of his career he worked at private clubs, operated his own restaurant, served presidents and dignitaries who visited the school and even published a cookbook titled "From Chef Romeo's Recipe Collection." "One of the things he'll always be known for was his Italian wedding soup," Davis said. "It was like a meal." Mr. Lupinacci joined the American Culinary Federation in 1966 and later was inducted into that organization’s American Academy of Chefs, an honor bestowed on chefs who meet certain criteria. Mr. Lupinacci also was a life member of the Honorable Order of the Golden Toque, an honorary society for chefs limited to just 100 members he was invited to join in 1991. He also was a founder, executive officer or member of several culinary organizations, including the Laurel Highlands Chefs Association, Pittsburgh Chefs Association and Professional Culinary Seafarers Association. He was a member of the Three Rivers Chapter of the Merchant Marine Association, the Sewickley American Legion, the Cranberry Elks and the Knights of Columbus in Cranberry. In addition to his daughter, a son, Ronald V., of Darlington; three brothers, Vincent, of Glenwillard, Joseph, of Titusville, and James, of Michigan; four grandchildren; and two great-grandchildren survive Mr. Lupinacci. A prayer service will be at 9:45 a.m. today at Copeland Funeral Home, 702 Beaver St., Sewickley. Mass will be celebrated at 11 a.m. in St. Ferdinand Church, Cranberry. Burial will be in Resurrection Cemetery. ***************** We will certainly miss our Dear Chef Romeo. *********************** ################## Health News: Let us make sure to keep in communication with all those who are not feeling well- a card, phone call, or letter really helps. Remember—Oliver Sommer, John Kempf, Rudolph Soeder, Mary Colletti, Adele Hoffstadt, Paul Pantano, we hope that all our members quick recovery and good health. ##################### ADDRESS CHANGES: NONE ############# Registration Begins for: WACS Congress 2006 New Zealand Some 800 chefs and food industry professionals from more than 70 countries are expected to meet m Auckland, New Zealand for the biennial World Association of Cooks' Societies 1 2 (WACS) Congress 2006, March 12 - 16, 2006. A dedicated website has been opened and on-line registration has begun at: www.wacscongress2006.com One of the Congress' highlights will be the Junior Chefs' Forum program and the Hans Bueschken's World Junior Chefs' Challenge, named to honour the late Windsor, Ontario, Canada chef who headed WACS as President for a record two terms, 1980 - 1988. *************************** NOMINATIONS Two Commander Directors to be elected in June 2005 Submit nominations TO: John Kempf, Chairman-Nominations 27952 N. Darrell Road, Wauconda, IL, 60084 Phone: 847-5 26-3466 or Fax: 847-526 –9118 2005 NOMINATIONS FOR: BOARD OF DIRECTORS -TWO NEW BOARD MICHAEL MINOR KARL GUGGENMOS JAMES KOSEC ############ COOKBOOK UPDATE WE DO HAVE COOKBOOKS LEFT Dear Jean, I know I am late on this but I hope you can get it in the newsletter SPECIAL REQUEST: Darrell Anderson has offered to have a case of cookbooks sent to the ACF convention. He will be selling them at the ACF History booth. If any of our members are going to be at the convention if a few minutes of your time could be given to help sell our cook books with Darrell please contact him when you get there and give him a lift. Jean I hope this finds all of your families in good health give a big hello to Vince. Thank you, Jim and Barb Today's prices are for individual shipments $15.00 per cookbook delivered PRICE and for 10 or more books shipped at a time is $10.00 per book. It is up to you the members of all categories to HELP with this endeavor to support our Scholarship program. Remember make your checks out to: The Hon. Order of the Golden Toque, and mail your order to: Jim and Barbara Kosec Honorable Order of the Golden Toque 4333 Parkridge Ave. Trlr.# 45 Pleasant Hill, Iowa 50327 Phone (515) 262-3312 . ************** COMMITTEES AND BOARDS BOARD OF ACCEPTANCE GOLDEN TOQUE NEWSLETTER JUNE 2005 NOTE!! All donation checks should be DESIGNATED: “General Fund or Scholarship Fund” made payable to: "Honorable Order of the Golden Toque" and sent to: COMMANDER TREASURER JAMES MILLER 11274 BOBKO BLVD., PARMA, OHIO, 44130 PHONE: HOME: 440-886-6125 OFFICE: Those of you who have been so generous with your monies, time, effort and support, THANK YOU SO VERY MUCH!! ******************** William Lyman, Grand Commander, Chairman John Kempf, Past Grand Commander Stanley Nicas, Past Grand Commander Jean E. Clary, Past Grand Commander Oliver Sommer, Past Grand Commander Dr. Robert Nograd, Grand Commander ex Officio ADVISORY COUNCIL (Art. 15.0) William Lyman, Grand Commander John Kempf, Past Grand Commander Stanley Nicas, Past Grand Commander Jean E. Clary, Past Grand Commander Oliver Sommer, Past Grand Commander Dr. Robert Nograd-Grand Commander exOfficio Nominating & Elections John Kempf - Chairman 847-526-3466 Fax :847-526-9118 Jean Clary, Co-Chairman 702-458-2054 Robert Nograd 954-721-2147 Oliver Sommer 636-947-3795 New FISCAL YEAR STARTS: MAY 1,2005 DONORS--2005 Orville Middendorf Paul Goebel Willy Rossel Bernard Urban Bob Chester Bert Cutino Louis Perrotte If your name is missing and you have made a contribution please notify us. Committee for 2005 Meeting Tom Hickey, Chairman 502-459-4967 Walter(Spud) Rhea, Co-Chair 502-456-6504 Jim Miller 440-886-6125 A.R. Sullivan 502-456-6504 Noble Masi Parliamentarian Dr. L Edwin Brown 904-471-3863 Permanent Records Custodian James Miller 800-321-7174 Education/Scholarship Committee Walter“Spud”Rhea 502-456-6504 Van Atkins Karl Guggenmos Oliver Sommer Sargent of Arms Van Atkins 702-221-0414 Norman Hart 716-650-0289 Cookbook Sales Jim & Barbara Kosec 515-262-3312 Promotions & Public Relations Joel Tanner 616-891-0491 Phillip Bucci 412-561-0359 Senior Advisory Committee Oliver Sommer, Chairman636-947-3795 Luigi La Valle 513-662-7326 Amato Ferrero 706-744-0326 Willy Rossel 305-901-4147 Newsletter Jean Clary--editor 702-458-2054 I.R.S. Non Profit Status, 501(C)(3) Bill and Darlene Lyman 770-888-7646 ################# NOTE: NEW Fiscal year STARTS; MAY 1, 2006 MAKE YOUR RESERVATIONS NOW!!!!!! *PLAN AHEAD Annual Meeting. Dates: August 26,27,28, 2005 Hotel: Holiday Inn Airport East 4004 Gardiner Point Drive Louisville, KY 40213 Phone: 502-452-6361 Point of Contact: Terri King, Director of Group Sales Hotel Rate: $52.00 plus tax I have a block of 50 rooms presently reserved for us. 6 rooms are ADA Friendly Rooms, if you need one ask for it. Rooms need to be guaranteed individual credit cards by 8/01/05. Anyone wishing to come in on Thursday 25 August can get the same $52 dollar rate. Function is listed under Sullivan University - Golden Toque Annual Meeting. Sullivan University, Louisville, Kentucky 1 3 GOLDEN TOQUE NEWSLETTER JUNE 2005 HAPPY Birthdays Host: Tom Hickey *************** Birthday Boys for June and July. 2005 2006 June 2nd –Chuck Carroll = 41 June 6th – Bill Franklin = 55 June 15th – Helmut Hamann = 70 JULY July 1st - Norman Myerow = 67 July 9th – John Folse = 59 July 12th - Roland Zwerger = 66 July 14th - Scott Gilbert = 44 July 18th – Steve Jayson = 51 July 24th - Amato Ferrero = 87 July 26th - Steve Jilleba = 48 July 30th – Harry Hoffstadt = 77 July 31st - Michael Zelski = 65 ***************** Johnson and Wales University Charlotte, North Carolina Host: Karl Guggenmos ****************** 2007---------Las Vegas, NEVADA My dear colleague April 17, 2005 William Lyman, Grand Commander It is a real pleasure to learn that this year we welcome six new members: Charles Carroll, David H. Dodd, Thomas A. Berg for me this is three new colleagues, that we accept with open arms into the Honorable Order Of The Golden Toque; and Mary Peterson being a major player in our American Culinary Federation. I do remember being on her committee for accreditation and meeting in her home in Annapolis; she is a great asset to our mutual organization. Joe Aiello, who is a very active member of the Chicago Chefs, has run the office of the chefs of the windy city, which has eighty years of history. He has also participated in many WACS Conventions all over the world. I do remember very well the great help that he extended to me and my dear Jeanette in Melbourne, Australia. Hubert Schmieder who has been a friend of mine for over fifty years and each year was very active in the culinary profession. Each and every one of these six new members and each one of the Golden Toque members have a carrier that they must be proud of their achievements and have a story to tell. I do know that our dear past Grand Commander Jean E. Clary needs and would like to print in the monthly news letter the stories and information, the interesting life experiences that the culinary profession has given all of us with great generosity. Do you realize William; the great and interesting stories that we have the good fortune to have witnessed. Pierre Berard had the desires and dreams about the creation of an honorary chef society, first the Academy of chefs and later in the fifties the Honorable Order of the Golden Toque. Enclosed is the resume and history of Hubert Schmieder, every on of our members are important and should be counted to share their valuable experience with every one of us. William, keep the good work and with a cordial handshake and best wishes. Sincerely, Willy Rossel P.S. Just receive from our Secretary Tom, a very impressive membership roster with photos of all the members. CONGRATULATIONS & WELCOME TO OUR NEW MEMBERS: JOE AIELLO DAVID H. DODD THOMAS A. BERG HUBERT SCHMIEDER CHARLES M. CARROLL MARY PETERSEN THEY WILL BE INDUCTED AUGUST 27,2005 AT SULLIVAN UNIVERSITY IN LOUISVILLE, KY. ##################### THE WORLD'S MOST EXPENSIVE SPICE: SAFFRON In today's market place, with accompanying inflationary prices, Saffron is fast becoming priced out of the Market! Have you checked with your purveyor lately? You will be surprised at today's asking prices. In-as-much as ever so many culinary students and apprentices have no opportunity to cook with Saffron. We need to take a look at this fascinating spice. Saffron comes from, the orange colored stigmas of a mauve, flowering Crocus. It is a native of Southern Europe, but since ancient times have been cultivated in France, Spain, Turkey, Greece, Iran, Kashmir and China. It is also raised in the United States, but merely as an ornamental. Common thought is that it real], originated in ancient Persia and was brought to Europe by the Arabic invasion of Spain and the return of the Crusaders. The Crocus for many years has also been extensively cultivated in England! The Arms" still have three Crocus flowers pictured within the turreted walls. Also, Saffron Hill, now a London thoroughfare, once formed a part of Ely Place Gardens where the Saffron Crocus was cultivated. ###################### 1 4 GOLDEN TOQUE NEWSLETTER JUNE 2005 It was much used as a spice and flavoring agent and was said to have beneficial qualities. Sir Francis Bacon once said: "What made English people so sprightly was the liberal use of Saffron in their broths and sweetmeats." Needless to say, it was also used extensively, prescribed as an aphrodisiac!!! Prior to the extensive English cultivation, it was coming into usage in medicines and in dyes. Both the Greeks and then the Romans prized it highly and the Mogul Emperors of India held Crocus blooms in high esteem. It was the Persians who cultivated it extensively for export. To this day, when one is asked' "Where does Saffron come from?” Most will say: Persia (Iran). Saffron is an expensive spice because the Crocus stigmas have to be picked by hand. Over 200,000 of them have to be picked to make one pound of Saffron. Also, they must be picked in the one-day bloom of the Crocus! Only a small quantity of Saffron is used in cookery. As it comes in two ways, care must be taken in its use. It comes as the dried stigmas and as a powder, made from the broken and deformed stigmas. The powder is not as strong as the stigmas; thus more must be used. A pinch is heated in a small pot or fry pan and then combined in the food while cooking. The aroma gives certain dishes their traditional flavor and the yellowish color. Most cooks measure to their taste and are aware that a broth or custard takes less Saffron than a cake or rice dish. Traditional used of Saffron varies. In Spain it flavors Paella, in Italy it flavors Rissoto Milanese, and in France the renowned Bouillabaise. The Welsh favors it highly for their use in custards, puddings, biscuits, breads and cakes. The Indians use it in, certain curry dishes. Still, the most popular dishes are those of the Arabic countries. A good quality Saffron must be a dark orange in color (all over) with no white or yellowish streaks. It is sometime falsified with Safflower, which is known in the trade as Bastard Saffron. Safflower is much redder in color than Saffron. Chef John Kempf submits this history of Saffron. Thank you John for sharing. ************************ PROPOSED BY-LAWS CHANGES: Please post the following in the newsletter for the months between now and the annual meeting. These are by-laws changes that need to be voted on for the coming meeting. Old: SECTION 6.6.2 The completed applicant’s portfolio must be examined by All Members of the Board of Directors during one of the bi-annual Board Meetings held either the day before the annual meeting or the day after the Annual Meeting. 1 5 New: SECTION 6.6.2 The completed applicant’s portfolio must be examined by All Members of the Board of Directors during the semi-annual Board Meeting held in January or February. Old: SECTION 14.5 Upon the Call of the Grand Commander and within (60) sixty days notice, the Grand Commander shall call MEETINGS OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS the day before and the day after the Annual meeting at a Time, Place and Method so designated by this Notice. New: SECTION 14.5 Upon the Call of the Grand Commander and Within (60) sixty days notice, the Grand Commander shall call MEETINGS OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS the day before the Annual meeting and the semi-annual Board Meeting held in January or February at a Time, Place and method so designated by this Notice. ############### GEORGES AUGUSTE ESCOFFIER (Submitted by Jan Verdonkschot and will be continued next month) THE FIRST OF ESCOFFIER'S BOOKS Between 1883 and 1889 Escoffier spent his time between Lucerne and Monte Carlo, and decided to writ a small book containing the principles of cooking giving the service personnel a handbook to explain menu and dishes to the customer. In the beginning towards this effort he received much support from Chef Urbain DuBois, whom he had learned to know through the owners of the Grand Hotel at Monte Carlo, DuBois had already established himself writing his own books of great knowledge in the art of cooking. It was DuBois who supplied many of his own recipes to give the book more backbone, as Escoffier was only 36 and had not become known yet. The editing and composing of the gathered Information scared Escoffier, as he had never before attempted such a major project. Much information had been collected and the unfinished book lay around for years unedited until the headwaiter, DaGouret, a known professional, gathered the notes and had them published under the title”Le Petit DaGouret". It should have been called "Le Petit Escoffier”. The book contained everything from A to Z, including anatomical meat cutting to the layout of a wine collar, GOLDEN TOQUE NEWSLETTER JUNE 2005 HOW THE SAVOY WAS SAVED The position of Manager of the Savoy Hotel in London had been offered to Cesar Ritz but he had refused the position. After 6 months, the Savoy had not produced the results as expected by the owners, so once again the position was offered. This time he accepted. Much preliminary work had to be done but soon enough Ritz found it to his liking and he sent for Escoffier who had in the meantime been employed by Baron Phyffer at the Grand Rational in Lucerne, Switzerland. Escoffier agreed to join the Savoy staff, but only for a short term as to organize the kitchen and the brigade and to place its operation in the right direction before turning it over to another chef, but his success was so great that he stayed much longer. By now we may picture Escoffier as a kind and gentleperson, having much compassion and feeling for his fellow colleagues and/or staffs. Truly it was far from that. He had a very tough streak in him and demanded perfection. The art of cooking was, more important to him than his private and personal life. It was between the Moulin Rouge where he was the Head Chef and his arrival in London at the Savoy, which is between the age of 27 and 42 that he married. His wife was from the Monaco area and she accompanied him to London, but England was not her cup of tea and she returned home shortly. She never had the desire to return to England and her husband visited her on rare visits to his home near Monaco. His home life and his professional life had become practically the same. The hotel where he worked, and the cuisine was so important that he excluded everything else. He spent little of his married life (46 years) with his wife and as far as I know they had no children. (August 1976 issue of Hoteliers noted that a grandson exists). The impact of Escoffier and Ritz upon the London culinary scene was a great happening. One must first of all understand the eating habits of the English hotels and restaurants at that time. The well to do only could afford to eat out and even for then it was hard to find a really outstanding place. The men socialized and dined at their clubs and the women who disliked to be seen in public restaurants stayed at home, but Ritz and Escoffier shortly changed the scene. As in France, the wealthy society followed Ritz wherever he went. Suddenly, out of the gloomy London sky appeared this bright star where the finest French cuisine was presented with a superb hotel not known by the London finery. The cream of London society began to flock to the Savoy to stay and to dine there; followed by kings, princes, Russian grand dukes and the stars of opera and theatre. The formula of success was simple. Here was the best chef in Europe and the best hotel manager. The rich customers surely followed. 1 6 This new following presented some problems for Escoffier, namely –the brigade organization and to keep the true gourmets continuously satisfied at the Savoy Restaurant, he had to create new dishes to keep the menus interesting and novel. He had to anticipate the arrival of customers day and night to make sure that their favorite dishes were available for them should they be asked for. He also had to keep an eye on the businessman and the theatre goer trade who had only a short time In which to eat before returning to work or attending a show. This meant that he had to work a full 18-hour day, seldom, if ever out of the kitchen. To ensure a high preparation and service speed he had to organize a system of kitchen management, while not detracting from the quality of the food. He devised the party system, by which every hotel, club or restaurant kitchen runs today, meaning preparation stations. Food buying he did himself, but again a system had to be developed. Only the best was to enter his kitchen. England was not producing quality produce and supplies as compared to France in those days. Regardless, because of his dedication and skill and with a great brigade he succeeded. The story of Escoffier's culinary life is one of success. His work was described as brilliant and his skills praised to the highest. Those statements may seem to be exaggerated. No one was as great an Escoffier, no one was equal, and no one surpassed him. It may be unlikely that one man could have so much success and so little failure. Maybe his failures have been forgotten leaving only his triumphs to be remembered? The fact is that this man Escoffier devoted his entire life as a religious monk would to his work. He had no distractions, no home to worry about, no nagging or loving wife and family, no outside life at all, and just the hotel where he worked. May it be known that his skills have been equaled by chefs like DuBois, Fetu, Herbodeau and countless other fine chefs whose names are not known. None of these great chefs were able to devote such an enormous time to their work. They enjoyed time off at home with their wives and children. Escoffier on the other hand talked and thought about his work all his making hours for the best part of 75 years, his skill has been often equaled by many of the best chefs but his religious time he spent improving his skill can seldom be equaled and that placed him ahead of all the others, Society challenged Escoffier at the Savoy. (Now true of today, when the membership of a private club challenges the chef and how well I know having spent 12 years in a situation an such at the Missouri Athletic Club. Alas, who am I to compare?) GOLDEN TOQUE NEWSLETTER JUNE 2005 It demanded better than the best. It demanded speed, invention and quality and, these Escoffier gave with ease, so much so, that he had both London and Europe at his feet. Escoffier mentioned the following in his Guide Culinaire. “Innovation was very much in demand by the outgoing public. We do know that supply of nutritious products was small in those days and that the number of combinations is not unending and the amount of raw material placed either by art or nature at the disposal of a cook does not grow, in proportion to the whims of the public. What feats of ingenuity have we not been forced to perform at times in order to meet our customers wishes, explains Escoffier.” Only those who have had charge of a large kitchen can tell the story. Personally I have ceased counting the nights spent in the attempt to discover new combinations when completely broken with the wear and tear of the day my body ought to have been at rest. Yet the chef who has had the fortune to succeed in turning out an original and skillful preparation approved by his customers and producing a style, cannot even for a time, claim the monopoly of his secret discovery or derive any profit therefrom. Law protects the painter, sculptor, writer and musician. So are inventors, but the chef has absolutely no right for plagiarism on his work; on the contrary, the more the latter is liked and appreciated, the more will people have request for his recipes. May hours of hard work are involved in a creation. If a degree of perfection is the goal of the creator he may have forfeited his re-creation or even his night's rest and have labored without a break over his combinations and as a reward he finds himself compelled, morally at least, to convoy the results of his study to the first person who asks and who, very often subsequently claims the invention of the recipe to the injury caused to the real author's chances and reputation". How true this is today, of all the hundreds of cookbooks published I wonder how many of them are the result of many years of hard work and experience in professional kitchens? Presented by: Jan G. Verdonkschot CEC, AAC, HOF CONTINUED IN Next Issue: Famous Dishes for Famous People. ############ *******NOTE MAKE YOUR ANNUAL MEETING RESERVATIONS FOR AUGUST 2005 MEETING HAVE A GREAT FOURTH OF JULY AND CELIBRATE YOUR INDEPENDENCE AND GIVE THANKS FOR MILITARY AND THEIR SACRIFICES Member Chefs if you want news about what is happening in your world, an attempt by you will have to made to send some information to be published. 1 7 THANKS by jean e. clary