Lesson Plan Section 2 Human Genetics PACING Regular Schedule: Block Schedule: with lab(s): 2 days with lab(s): 1 day without lab(s): 1 day without lab(s): 1/2 day OBJECTIVES 1. Analyze pedigrees to determine how genetic traits and genetic disorders are inherited. 2. Summarize the different patterns of inheritance seen in genetic traits and genetic disorders. 3. Explain the inheritance of ABO blood groups. 4. Compare sex-linked traits with sex-influenced traits. 5. Explain how geneticists can detect and treat genetic disorders. NATIONAL SCIENCE EDUCATION STANDARDS LSCell3: Cells store and use information to guide their functions. LSGene1: In all organisms, the instructions for specifying the characteristics of the organism are carried in DNA. LSGene2: Most of the cells in a human contain two copies of each of 22 different chromosomes. In addition there is a pair of chromosomes that determines sex. LSGene3: Changes in DNA (mutations) occur spontaneously at low rates. UCP5: Form and function ST1: Abilities of technological design ST2: Understandings about science and technology SPSP1: Personal and community health SPSP5: Natural and human-induced hazards HNS1: Science as a human endeavor FOCUS (5 minutes) __ Overview, TE Review the objectives listed in the Student Edition. (GENERAL) __ Bellringer, TE Show students pictures of dog breeds and have them discuss the kind of pedigree a show dog might have. MOTIVATE (5 minutes) __ Activity, Design a Pedigree, TE Have students develop stories from which a pedigree can be drawn. (GENERAL) KEY SE = Student Edition TE = Teacher Edition ANC = Ancillary Workbook HBS = Holt Biosources Lab Program Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Modern Biology 1 Chapter 12 Lesson Plan TEACH (70 minutes) __ PowerPoint® Resources Use the customizable presentation to help students master the concepts in this section. __ Teaching Transparency C27, Tracking Inherited Traits Use this transparency to give students practice in tracking inherited traits. (GENERAL) __ Teaching Transparency C28, Pedigree for Cystic Fibrosis Use this transparency to inform students about the pedigree for cystic fibrosis. (GENERAL) __ Activity, Designing a Mate, TE Students use a list of characteristics to design a potential mate and assign a genotype to match the traits selected. (GENERAL) __ Teaching Tip, Comparing Mutations, TE Students are asked to make a graphic organizer that compares gene and chromosome mutations. (BASIC) __ Using the Figure, Polygenic Characters, TE Ask students to list as many different polygenic characters as possible that they can see in the figure. (GENERAL) __ Using the Figure, Traits, TE Ask students how they can determine if a trait is recessive or autosomal. (GENERAL) __ Demonstration, Litmus-Paper Test, TE Have students relate the color of hydrangea flowers with a litmus test and explain the different colors of hydrangea. (GENERAL) __ Teaching Tip, Male Breast Cancer, TE Provide students with statistics on male breast cancer. (GENERAL) __ Teaching Tip, Trait Differences, TE Have students compare sex-linked and sexinfluenced traits and give examples of each. (GENERAL) __ Discussion, Blood Type, TE Ask students to list the possible genotypes of parents who produce offspring with type O blood. (BASIC) __ Using the Figure, Seeing Colors, TE Lead students in a discussion of some of the special problems a color-deficient student might encounter in the classroom. (BASIC) __ Teaching Transparency C29, Multiple Alleles Use this transparency to explore the concept of multiple alleles. (GENERAL) __ Demonstration, Modeling Nondisjuction, TE Students model meiosis I and II for both normal and nondisjunction gametes. (BASIC) __ Using the Figure, Fetal Karyotypes, TE Ask students to note the procedural differences in amniocentesis and chorionic villi sampling. (GENERAL) __ Discussion, Single-Allele Traits, TE Lead a discussion about why a person might suspect that he or she could have Huntington’s disease. (GENERAL) __ Teaching Tip, Huntington’s Origins, TE Students learn about the origins of Huntington’s disease. (GENERAL) __ Group Activity, Genetic Disorders, TE Student groups research and share information on genetic disorders and act as “experts” for the class. (GENERAL) __ Teaching Tip, Sickle Cell Anemia and Malaria, TE Ask students how sickle cell anemia might have an adaptive value in Africans. (GENERAL) KEY SE = Student Edition TE = Teacher Edition ANC = Ancillary Workbook HBS = Holt Biosources Lab Program Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Modern Biology 2 Chapter 12 Lesson Plan __ Teaching Transparency C30, Some Important Genetic Disorders Use this transparency to inform students about important genetic disorders. (GENERAL) __ Group Activity, Making Brochures, TE Students design a brochure about a genetic disorder. (ADVANCED) __ Careers in Biology, Genetic Counselor, TE Use this feature to encourage students to consider careers that require biology skills and knowledge. __ Teaching Tip, Cystic Fibrosis, TE Discuss the link between the bacterium pseudomonas aeruginosa and cystic fibrosis. (GENERAL) __ Skills Practice Lab, Analyzing Karyotypes, SE Students make a human karyotype and identify whether it is normal or abnormal. (GENERAL) __ Datasheet for In-Text Labs, Analyzing Karyotypes, ANC Students use the datasheet to complete the in-text lab. (GENERAL) CLOSE (10 minutes) __ Section Review, SE Students are assessed through questions about key concepts and questions that require critical thinking skills. (GENERAL) __ Reteaching, TE Given a scenario, students discuss the chances of passing cystic fibrosis on to offspring. (BASIC) __ Quiz, TE Students link traits with given genotypic conditions. (GENERAL) OTHER RESOURCE OPTIONS __ Active Reading Worksheets, ANC Students are asked to analyze a passage related to the chapter text and answer questions about the passage. (BASIC) __ Visual Concepts CD-ROM Use this multimedia resource to reinforce selected concepts from the chapter. __ Quick, Data, and Math Labs, Interpreting Information in a Pedigree, HBS Students learn how to interpret and analyze pedigrees. (BASIC) __ Quick, Data, and Math Labs, Evaluating a Pedigree, HBS Students practice interpreting a pedigree. (BASIC) __ Quick, Data, and Math Labs, Analyzing a Test Cross, HBS Students use a Punnett square to do a test cross to determine genotypes. (BASIC) __ Quick, Data, and Math Labs, Identifying Dominant or Recessive Traits, HBS Students determine some genotypes and all of the phenotypes for some human traits that are inherited as simple dominant or recessive traits. (BASIC) KEY SE = Student Edition TE = Teacher Edition ANC = Ancillary Workbook HBS = Holt Biosources Lab Program Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Modern Biology 3 Chapter 12 Lesson Plan End of Chapter Review and Assessment PACING Regular Schedule: Block Schedule: with lab(s): N/A with lab(s): N/A without lab(s): 2 days without lab(s): 1 day __ Alternative Assessment, TE Students work in pairs to organize information about patterns of heredity into a table. (GENERAL) __ Study Tip, Sharing Information, TE Students form groups of “note buddies” and compare notes, outlines and tables. (GENERAL) __ PowerPoint® Resources Use the customizable presentation to help students practice standardized test-taking skills. __ Chapter Highlights, SE Students review the key concepts of the chapter. __ Chapter Review, SE Students are assessed through vocabulary exercises, questions about key concepts, and questions that require critical thinking skills. __ Standardized Test Preparation, SE Assign these questions with a time limit to prepare students for standardized testing. (GENERAL) __ Science Skills Worksheet, ANC This worksheet helps reinforce students’ use of basic science skills. (GENERAL) __ Study Guide, ANC Use this worksheet to assess student’s understanding of the main concepts presented in the chapter. (GENERAL) __ Graphic Organizer Transparency, Use this graphic organizer exercise to help students analyze the relationships between concepts presented in the chapter. (GENERAL) __ Concept Mapping Transparency, Use this concept mapping exercise to help students analyze the relationships between concepts presented in the chapter. (GENERAL) __ Concept Mapping Transparency Worksheet, Assign the concept mapping transparency worksheet for students to map the relationships between concepts presented in the chapter. (GENERAL) __ Vocabulary Review, ANC Use this worksheet to reinforce vocabulary terms presented in the chapter. (GENERAL) __ Critical Thinking Worksheet, ANC This worksheet exercises students’ critical thinking skills while applying concepts presented in the chapter. (ADVANCED) __ Quiz, ANC Assign the one-page chapter quiz for a quick chapter assessment. (GENERAL) __ Chapter Test A, ANC Assign questions from the appropriate test for chapter assessment. (GENERAL) __ Chapter Test B, ANC Assign questions from the appropriate test for chapter assessment. (ADVANCED) __ Test Generator, Create a customized homework assignment, quiz, or test using the ExamView® Test Generator. KEY SE = Student Edition TE = Teacher Edition ANC = Ancillary Workbook HBS = Holt Biosources Lab Program Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Modern Biology 4 Chapter 12 Lesson Plan __ Test Item Listing, Use the Test Item Listing to identify questions for a customized homework assignment, quiz, or test. __ Holt PuzzlePro® Use this software to create crossword puzzles and word searches that make learning vocabulary fun. __ Biology Interactive Tutor CD-ROM, Use these interactive activities to give students a fun way to extend their knowledge of biology concepts. OTHER RESOURCE OPTIONS __ Brain Food Video Quizzes, Use these quizzes to help students review the chapter material. __ Biotechnology Lab, Extracting DNA, ANC Students separate and collect the DNA from bovine liver cells. (ADVANCED) __ Biotechnology Lab, Comparing DNA Samples, ANC Students design an experiment to compare DNA samples. (ADVANCED) KEY SE = Student Edition TE = Teacher Edition ANC = Ancillary Workbook HBS = Holt Biosources Lab Program Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Modern Biology 5 Chapter 12