Chapter and Topic of this Review Guide: Personality and Intelligence Chapter 10 & 13
Vocab Term
Definition of Term
Example
Intelligence
Mental age
Mental quality consisting of ability to learn from
experiences, solve problems, use knowledge to
adapt to knew situations
Measurement of intelligence based on age
Learning to ride a bike or learning a
how to learn how to solve a difficult
math problem correctly
An 8 year old should have a mental
age of 8.
Stanford Binet
Binet’s original intelligence test
Intelligence quotient
(IQ)
Ratio of mental age
General intelligence
(g)
According to Spearman and others, underlies
If someone tests well in the special test
specific mental abilities and therefore measured then they should expect to do well in
by every task on an intelligence test
the other test measuring sections of the
IQ test
Limited in mental ability but, has an exceptional Someone who can memorize 500
specific skill
numbers of pie might not be albe to
play sports very well or be socially
adapt.
Savant syndrome
Creativity
Emotional
intelligence
Aptitude test
IQ=ma/ca x 100
Ability to produce novel and valuable ideas.
The architect who designed the Eiffel
Tower had creativity.
Ability to perceive, understand, manage and use Telling the difference when looking at
emotions (EIQ)
a picture between a sad face and a mad
face.
Asses future ability
In other words your capacity to learn.
Taking a placement test can determine
what you are capable of learning in the
future
Achievement test
Asses what a person has learned
Wechsler Adult
Intelligence Scale
(WAIS)
Standardization
Most widely used, contains verbal and
performance subtests
Normal curve
Bell shaped curve on aptitude test. Describes
distribution of many physical/psychological
attributes
Defining meaningful scores by comparison with How your test scores relate to other
performance of a presented group.
people’s test scores.
Reliability
Test yields consistent results
Validity
(types) 1.
Content
1. Test samples the behavior
2.Predictive
Taking a final exam is testing your
knowledge of what you learned the
past semester
Solving puzzles or analyzing patterns
2.
that’s of interest
success test predicts behavior
designed to predict
On Wechsler scale, average
intelligence test score is 100.
If two people take the same test and
get similar scores it.
1. The road test for a driver’s license
2.
because it samples the tasks a driver
routinely faces.
Academic aptitude test
Mental retardation Limits mental ability, indicated by
intelligence score of 70 or below and
difficulty in adapting to demands of
life.
Down Syndrome Retardation and associated physical
disorder caused by an extra copy of
chromosome 21
Stereotype threat Self-confirming concern, one will be
evaluate3d based on a negative
stereotype
Personality
Individual’s characteristic pattern of
thinking, feeling, and acting
Free association
Person relaxes and says whatever
comes to mind
Theory of personality, attributes
thoughts and actions to unconscious
motives and conflict.
Psychoanalysis
Down syndrome-retardation and associated
physical disorder caused by an extra copy of
chromosome 21
Diagnosed in children
Stereotype: boys are better at math than girls.
Girls who take math test in a room with boys,
more likely to score lower. Unconsciously
happens.
Person who is talkative and likes being around
people might have an outgoing personality.
One of Freud’s techniques for looking into the
unconscious
Looking into ones dreams for meaning or
using free association.
Name of Important Person What this person is known for Impact on Psychology
Sigmund Freud
Wechsler
Psychoanalysis
Intelligence Test Scale
Looking into our unconscious
Measuring Intelligence