Name ______________________________________Date ______________ Period ________
AP Chemistry Exam 1
Mulptle Choice (4 pts each)
1. Many classic experiments have given us indirect evidence of the nature of the atom. Which of the experiments listed below did not
give the results described?
A) The Rutherford experiment proved the Thomson "plum-pudding" model of the atom to be essentially correct.
B) The Rutherford experiment was useful in determining the nuclear charge on the atom.
C) Millikan's oil-drop experiment found the mass/charge of an atom
D) The cathode ray tube proved that electrons have a negative charge.
2. Rutherford's experiment was important because it showed that:
A) radioactive elements give off alpha particles.
B) gold foil can be made to be only a few atoms thick.
C) a zinc sulfide screen scintillates when struck by a charged particle.
D) the mass of the atom is uniformly distributed throughout the atom.
E) an atom is mostly empty space.
3. Which of the following atomic symbols is incorrect?
4.
40
20
A)
14
6
C
B)
37
17
Cl
C)
32
15
P
D)
39
19
K
E)
14
8
N
Ca 2 has
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
20 protons, 20 neutrons, and 18 electrons.
22 protons, 20 neutrons, and 20 electrons.
20 protons, 22 neutrons, and 18 electrons.
22 protons, 18 neutrons, and 18 electrons.
20 protons, 20 neutrons, and 22 electrons.
5. All of the following are true except:
A) Ions are formed by adding electrons to a neutral atom.
B) Ions are formed by changing the number of protons in an atom's nucleus.
C) Ions are formed by removing electrons from a neutral atom.
D) An ion has a positive or negative charge.
E) Metals tend to form positive ions.
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6. Which among the following represent a set of isotopes? Atomic nuclei containing:
I. 20 protons and 20 neutrons.
II. 21 protons and 19 neutrons.
III. 22 neutrons and 18 protons.
IV. 20 protons and 22 neutrons.
V. 21 protons and 20 neutrons.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
I, II, III
III, IV
I, V
I, IV and II, V
No isotopes are indicated.
7. A quantitative observation
A) contains a number and a unit.
B) does not contain a number.
C) always makes a comparison.
D) must be obtained through experimentation.
E) none of these
8. A piece of indium with a mass of 16.6 g is submerged in 46.3 cm3 of water in a graduated cylinder. The water level increases to
48.6 cm3. The correct value for the density of indium from these data is:
A) 7.217 g/cm3
B) 7.2 g/cm3
C) 0.14 g/cm3
D) 0.138 g/cm3
E) more than 0.1 g/cm3 away from any of these values.
9. The state of matter for an object that has a definite volume but not a definite shape is
A) solid state.
B) liquid state.
C) gaseous state.
D) elemental state.
E) mixed state.
10. In 1928, rhenium cost $10,000/kg. It now costs $40/troy ounce. What is the present cost of a gram of rhenium? (1 troy ounce =
31.10 g)
A) less than $1.00
B) between $1.00 and $10
C) between $10 and $50
D) between $50 and $100
E) over $100
11. In a recent accident, some drums of uranium hexafluoride were lost in the English Channel, which is known for its cold water
(about 17°C). The melting point of uranium hexafluoride is 148°F. In what physical state is the uranium hexafluoride in
these drums?
A) solid
B) liquid
C) gas
D) a mixture of solid and liquid
E) not enough information
12. The density of gasoline is 0.7025 g/mL at 20°C. When gasoline is added to water:
A) it will float on top.
B) it will sink to the bottom.
C) it will mix so you can't see it.
D) the mixture will improve the running of the motor.
E) none of these things will happen.
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13. The boiling of water is a
A) physical change because the water merely disappears.
B) physical change because the gaseous water is chemically the same as the liquid.
C) chemical change because heat is needed for the process to occur.
D) chemical change because a gas (steam) is given off.
E) chemical and physical damage.
14. Which of the following is an intensive property of matter?
A) mass
B) density
C) volume
D) weight
E) heat capacity
15. Which response includes all of the following that involve chemical changes, and none that involve physical changes?
I.
souring of milk
II.
melting of silver
III. digestion of food
IV. burning of coal
V. condensation of steam
a) II and V
b) I, III, and IV
c) I, II, and III
d) IV and V
e) III, IV, and V
16. Which response lists all of the following properties of sulfur that are physical properties and no other properties?
I. It reacts with hydrogen when heated.
II. It is a yellow solid at room temperature.
III. It is soluble in carbon disulfide.
IV. Its density is 2.97 g/cm„.
V. It melts at 112øC.
A) II, III, IV, and V
B) II, IV, and V
C) I
D) II, III, and IV
E) III, IV, and V
17. Which response includes all the following statements that are true, and no false statements?
I.
II.
III.
IV.
Isotopes of an element differ only in the number of protons.
The number of protons in an atom is its atomic number.
The mass number of an atom is the sum of the number of protons plus
electrons in the atom.
The volume occupied by the nucleus of an atom represents a large percentage
of the total volume of the atom.
(a) I and III
(d) II
(b) II, III, and IV
(e) I and IV
(c) II and IV
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For the following questions, you must show all you your work to receive full credit. Express your answer using the correct number
of significant figures or write your answer in complete sentences.
18. In the process of attempting to characterize a substance, a chemist makes the following observations: The substance is a
silvery white, lustrous metal. It melts at 649 C and boils at 1105C. Its density at 20C is 1.738 g/cm3. The substance burns in
air, producing an intense white light. It reacts with chlorine to give a brittle white solid. The substance can be pounded into thin
sheets or drawn into wires. It is a good conductor of electricity. Which of these characteristics are physical properties, and which
are chemical properties? (16 pts)
19. Suppose that you purchased a water bed that has dimensions 2.55 m  2.53 dm  230 cm. What mass of water does this bed
contain? (4 pts)
20. Explain why Rutherford was able to pass alpha particles through the sheet of gold foil. How does atomic structure play a role in
your answer? (10 pts) Explain how Rutherford might have used the concept of density to determine whether the foil was pure gold.
(density of gold = 19.32 g/cm3) (5 pts)
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