The Road to
the Revolution
By: ____________
Section: _____
Table of Contents
Treaty of Paris
1763
Pontiac’s Rebellion
1763
The Proclamation of
1763
1763
Battle of Bushy Run
1763
Sugar Act
1764
Trade Laws
1764
Quartering Act
1765
Stamp Act
1765
Repeal of Stamp Act
1766
The Townshend Acts
1767
Boston Massacre
1770
Burning of Gaspee
1772
Tea Act
1773
Intolerable Acts
(March-June ’74)
1774
The New England
Restraining Act
1775
Lexington and
Concord
April 19, 1775
Treaty of Paris, 1763
Situation: England defeats __________ in the
French and Indian War (__ Years War). British
gain __________, all of French territory
_____________________________ (except the
city of ______________), and _____________.
Spain gets Louisiana (the land west of the
Mississippi River.
Problem: England won war, but went into
_____________________. England controls
new land, but has few available __________
_____________________.
Solution: British begin looking for new ways
______________________. They begin to
__________ the Navigation Acts, try to collect
____________ (taxes on imported or exported
goods, a tariff). See Sugar Act and Trade Laws.
Main Idea:
Pontiac’s Rebellion, 1763
Situation: After the French are forced out of the
Ohio Valley, the English take over.
Key Players: ____________Ottawa Indian Chief
He probably fought ______________________
Ft. Necessity. Other Indians included the
__________________________.
Problem: Indians are disgusted with English
_________ and fearful of English
____________.
Solution: ____________ throughout the Great
Lakes and Ohio Valley. Every British fort
except Detroit and ____________ are
__________. 500 soldiers and 2000 colonists
are killed.
Response: British send in __________ to relieve
the siege of __________
Main Idea:
Proclamation of 1763
Situation: England has control of new
_____________________.
Problem: It is hard and expensive to protect
settlers from Indians formally loyal to
__________.
Solution: No settlements allowed west of
____________________. This creates a vast
________________________.
Response: Colonists _________ over potential
loss of speculation and _________
opportunities.
Outcome: Proclamation is ___________ as
colonists and British investors compete to get
land grants. _______________________
___________________________________.
Main Idea:
Battle of Bushy Run, PA 1763
Situation: Ft. Pitt under siege by Pontiac
Key Players: Pontiac, Ottawa chief and Col.
___________________, British commander
Problem: British solders have been
____________ to stop Indians and the settlers
not killed have left the area.
Solution: Bouquet fights a ______________,
__________________ battle and __________
Pontiac about 20 miles east of Ft. Pitt.
Response: Indians flee and eventually
___________________________________.
Main Idea:
Sugar Act, 1764
Problem: British need _________________
________. People living in England are heavily
taxed, people living in America
_____________________.
Key Players: George Grenville,
___________________________
Solution: ____________________________
instead of regulating trade by taxing British
sugar, among other things.
Response: Colonists __________ items taxed
and claim ___________________________
because no colonist served in the English
____________. ______________________
keep the colonies in touch with each other.
Outcome: Grenville asks for a better plan from
colonists, doesn’t get one, so he issues the
Stamp Act.
Main Idea:
Trade Laws, 1764
Situation: Navigation Acts never strictly
enforced. Customs officers were _________
and many Americans _______________ goods
to avoid duties.
Problem: Customs officers cost Britain
___________ times what they collected in taxes.
Solution: Violators of Navigation Acts to be
___________________________________.
Burden of proof fell on the ________________.
Response: Colonists feel their ___________
___________________________________.
Outcome: Tremendous hatred of customs office.
See Boston Massacre.
Main Idea:
Quartering Act, 1765
Problem: England needs money to pay for
________________ and colonies not providing
much.
Solution: A colony could be ordered to provide
___________________________ for British
troops.
Response: NY sees it as a _____________ and
refuses to obey. Redcoats clash with colonists
and the NY Assembly is ___________.
Outcome: NY finally (1767) complies.
Quartering Act expired in 1770 but is renewed
in 1774.
Main Idea:
Stamp Act, 1765
Problem: British military presence in America is
___________, colonies not paying their
“___________________” and come up with no plan
to raise money.
Solution: The first direct (__________) tax. Legal
documents had to be on special _________ (seal
impressed) paper. _________________ were
required on _________________________.
American ______________ (salesmen) were
appointed. Violators could be tried through viceadmiralty courts (_______________).
Response: Stamp Agents ______________ by the
_______________. Colonists claim No Taxation
without Representation. _______________ attracts 9
of 13 colonies. They pledge ______________ to
King and a _____________ of European goods.
Outcome: All stamp agents ____________.
Colonists __________________________. Boycott
hurts London _______________ who urge end to
Stamp Act.
Main Idea:
Repeal of Stamp Act, 1766
Problem: Colonists in an uproar over Stamp Act
and their _____________ has hurt British
merchants.
Solution: The British decide to repeal
(___________________) the Stamp Act.
Key Players: Grenville: he wants army to enforce
it. William Pitt: he _________ the colonists. Ben
Franklin: he explains to Parliament why colonists
object to internal taxes, but says they would pay
trade (____________) taxes. He also warns of
___________________.
Response: Colonists happy, honor Pitt and King.
Boycott ______________________.
Outcome: To show Parliament’s authority over
colonists, the ____________________ is passed.
It states they can and will make any law they want.
Main Idea:
The Townshend Acts, 1767
Problem: Charles Townshend ______ British land
tax and must get more money from colonies to make
it up.
Solution: External (import duties) on
________________________________. Allows
writs of assistance
(___________________________) to give
authorities more power to catch smugglers.
Response: Non importation of British goods (begins
in Boston and allowed by all colonies except NH).
Sons and Daughters of Liberty enforce the boycott,
often ________ __________________. Va
Resolutions written by _________________ and
presented by GW, support non importation of
Townshend items and add slaves and luxury goods to
the list. VA governor _____________ House of
Burgesses. Defiant Virginians meet in the Raleigh
Tavern.
Outcome: Trade hurt, Lord North repeals duties
except the one on __________. Colonies drop non
importation.
Main Idea:
Boston Massacre, 1770
Problem: Corrupt customs agents are __________ of
angry colonists.
Solution: ______________ sent in for protection.
Problem: Off-duty soldiers take jobs from local
townspeople because they __________________.
Response: A fight between working soldiers and
townspeople breaks out in front of ____________
__________________. Cries of __________ bring
out a riotous crowd who throw objects at soldiers.
Nervous soldiers _________________ killing
______, (is this a massacre?) including
______________________, a _______________.
Outcome: Soldiers ______________ from town.
Great for _____________________________. 8
soldiers tried, __________________ defends them, 6
are acquitted and two ________________ and
released.
Main Idea:
Burning of Gaspee, 1772
Situation: Since the Sugar Act, customs officers
were given more and more power. It an illegal
cargo was seized, it officer got ___ of the value
of the ship and cargo. If papers were not filed
properly on legal cargo, it too could seized.
Customs Agents would ________ merchants
(_________________ in 1768) to get their ships
and cargo. Smaller vessels were often seized
because their owners did not pay the high fees or
take the time to register each small journey. The
Gaspee used to __________ small vessels up
and down the New England coast.
Problem: The Gaspee _______________ in
Rhode Island.
Response: Angry colonists _____________.
Outcome: English investigators _________
________________________.
Main Idea:
Tea Act, 1773
Problem: The East India Co. is nearly
_____________ because of a 17 million pound
______________________.
Solution: British government allows EIC to sell
___________________________
(_______________
_________________________) to boost sales.
Response: Boston merchants afraid of a
___________ on tea and ask, “what’s next?”
They convince citizens that cheaper tea is
__________. They demand the tea be
______________________.
Outcome: Gov. Hutchinson of MA refuses to
back down. ___________________ leads Sons
of Liberty, disguised as “_______________,” to
Boston Harbor where 342 chests of tea are
_________________. This is known as the
_______________________.
Main Idea:
Intolerable Acts, 1774
Problem: Tea destroyed in Boston (and in
_____________________)
Solution: ____________________________.
1. Boston harbor ________ until tea paid for.
2. Trials of British officials moved to
________________.
3. MA govt. put under ______________________
(Gen. Gage). Town meetings must have
___________________________.
4. Quartering Act
5. ______________________
Response: ___________________________
1. Declaration of Rights and Grievances
2. Continental Association – no ___________ with
England __________________________.
3. Meet next year (1775) in _______________ again
if necessary
4. Rejects Parliament, but swears allegiance to
______________.
Outcome: MA declared in ________________.
Main Idea:
New England Restraining Act, 1775
Problem: Colonies acting rebellious
Key Players: ______________________,
member of Parliament, warns British of the big
mistake they’re making.
Solution: Act forbids New England __________
with any country except Britain and forbids use
of North Atlantic ________________________.
Later this act is extended to NJ, _____, MD,
VA, and SC.
Response: ___________________ (VA) says
“____________________________________.”
Outcome: Gen. Gage ordered to
_____________ if necessary to see that all Acts
are followed.
Main Idea:
Lexington and Concord,
April 19, 1775
Problem: MA militia (________________) are
actively training.
Solution: British soldiers sent to ___________
military supplies at Concord and ___________
leaders _______________________________.
Response: Warned by ___________________,
Minutemen gather to stop British at Lexington and
are fired upon. 8 were killed and 10 wounded.
Outcome: British get to Concord, destroy some
supplies, but are ___________________ on the
way back to Boston,
“______________________________________.”
British: 700 engaged, 73 killed, 174 wounded, 26
missing.
Americans: 4,000 engaged, 93 KWM
Main Idea:
8th grade American History
Mrs. Bruno