Smoking Cessation
For Teens, Young Adults, and Parents
Background
Cigarette smoking is the #1 cause of preventable death in the U.S. Smoking poses significant health
problems to adults, teenagers, and children. Unfortunately, addiction to smoking beginning in adolescence
and childhood often persists into and throughout adulthood.
Quick Facts & Statistics
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In worldwide, 5 million peoples die every year due to smoking.
68% of adults who smoke began smoking regularly at 18 years of age or younger
Every day, almost 3,900 children try cigarettes for the first time. Of these first time users, 950
will become daily smokers --- half will die from smoking related risks.
People who begin smoking at a younger age are more likely to develop a severe addiction to
cigarettes.
Ref:
http://www2.aap.org/richmondcenter/Resources_Links.html Tobacco 101
The American Lung Association
Types of Smoking
Different types of tobacco are favored by younger smokers. All are harmful and pose risks to health.
 Cigarettes
 Cigars
 Clove cigarettes (kreteks)
 Flavored cigarettes (bidis)
 Small cigars
 Hookahs (water pipes)
 Smokeless / chewing tobacco
Smoking Dangers
To Smokers
Leading cause of early and preventable death in the United States (440,000 deaths every year; 40%
from cancer, 35% form heart disease and stroke, and 25% from lung disease)
Leading cause of cancers (lung, esophagus, larynx, mouth, throat, bladder, kidney and others)
Airways illness: shortness of breath, frequent airway infections, asthma, pneumonia, chronic lung
diseases
Heart disease and stroke
Other: headaches, hearing and vision problems, cataracts, hip fractures
Addiction to nicotine
To Nonsmokers (Secondhand Smoke)
Increase lung cancer chances by 20-30% and the risk of heart disease by 25-30%
For children, increase risk of
Sudden infant deaths and reduced lung growth
Asthma, frequent colds, ear infection, and pneumonia
Childhood cancers, leukemia, lymphomas and brain tumors
Ref: http://www2.aap.org/richmondcenter/EffectsOfTobaccoOnChildren.html Effects of tobacco on children
http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/factsheet/Tobacco/cessation Harms of smoking
http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/factsheet/Tobacco/ETS Secondhand smoke and cancer
Exposing Children to Second and Thirdhand Tobacco Smoke: What’s the Problem? (Texas Children’s Hospital
Medical Center) http://www.texaschildrensblog.org/2012/11/exposing-children-to-second-and-thirdhand-tobaccosmoke-whats-the-problem/
Secondhand Smoke Dangers (Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center)
http://www.cincinnatichildrens.org/health/s/second-smoke/
Prevention
Parents can be the greatest influence on kids’ choices.
 Talk to your child about the glamorization of tobacco use in the movies, TV, and magazines.
 Talk about the risks of tobacco use, including heart disease and cancer. Let them know if any
loved ones suffered from tobacco-related illnesses.
 Talk about what smoking does to the way a person looks and smells; it makes hair and
clothes smell, and it stains teeth and fingernails.
 If you use tobacco yourself and don’t want your children to start, let them know about your
experiences how you started, how hard it is to quit, how it has affected your health, and/or
what it costs you financially or socially.
 Set a good example to quit smoking, to make your home and car smoke free; don’t smoke in
front of your teen and don’t leave cigarettes where your teen may find them.
Ref:
http://www2.aap.org/richmondcenter/Parents_Families.html Parents and Families
http://slchkidstoday.com/issues/2013/january-2013/stop-cigarette-smoking-before-it-starts Stop Cigarette Smoking
Before It Starts
Quit Smoking
Five Steps for Smorkers
1. Know the risks of smoking
2. Make the decision to quit
3. Pick a quit day
4. Write a quit plan and prepare for the quite day
a. Call to get free counseling through all stages of the quitting process.
1-800-QUIT NOW in USA
Illinois Tobacco Quitline (1-866-QUIT-YES or 1-866-784-8937)
Illinois Tobacco Quit Online Resource http://www.quityes.org
b. Ask your doctor about stop-smoking classes, products or resources for quitting
c. Remove all the cigarettes and ashtrays from your home and car
d. Get what you need for quitting such as sugarless gum, hard candy, and fresh veggie sticks
e. Ask family and friends not to smoke in front of you
5. Commit to your quitting day
 Follow your plan
 Attend a stop-smoking class
 Use nicotine replacement products as recommended by your doctor
 Keep your self active and use sugarless gum, hard candy, and fresh veggie sticks
 Change your daily routine to avoid smoking cravings
 Avoid contacting people who smoke
 Know and deal with withdrawal from nicotine
Five A”s” for Physicians to Provide Screening, Counseling and Referral
1. Ask to identify tobacco user
2. Advise to quit and refer the smoker to smoking quit service and online resources
3. Assess to find whether the smoker is willing to make a quit attempt
4. Assist to quit smoking by counseling and pharmacotherapy information
5. Arrange to follow-up for the quitting process
Questions regarding the Smoking Cessation Initiative: Contact the HFS (Healthcare and Family Services)
Bureau of Maternal and Child Health Promotion at 217-524-7478
Billing related questions: Contact the HFS Bureau of Comprehensive Health Services at 1-877-782-5565
Smoking Cessation Nicotine Replacement Therapy
Nicotine Replacement Products (NRT)
First- Line – Over-The-Counter (OTC)
Nicotine Patches
7, 14, 21mg/24hours; 11, 22mg/ 24hours
Nicotine Gum
Nicotine Lozenges
First- Line - Prescription
Nicotine Cartridge Inhaler
Nicotine Nasal Spray
Bupropion (Zyban)
Varenicline (Chantix)
2nd-Line - Prescription
2, 4mg
2, 4mg
10mg/ml spray
Reduce nicotine withdrawal symptoms; 150mg tablet
Reduce nicotine withdrawal symptoms
Nortriptyline (Aventyl, Pamelor)
Clonidine oral or transdermal (Catapres)
Online Resources For NRT
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/007438.htm
Nicotine replacement products and dosages
http://women.smokefree.gov/medication-guide.aspx
Medication guide
http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/quit-smoking-products/MY00781/METHOD=print
Quit-smoking products, pros and cons
http://cancercontrol.cancer.gov/brp/tcrb/documents/MythsaboutNRTFactSheet.pdf
Dispelling myths about nicotine replacement therapy
http://www.fda.gov/ForConsumers/ConsumerUpdates/ucm198176.htm#products
FDA 101: Smoking Cessation Products
http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/nicotine-craving/SK00057/METHOD=print
Quitting smoking: 10 ways to resist tobacco cravings
References
Online Resources for Teens and Parents
http://betobaccofree.hhs.gov BeTobaccoFree.gov
http://www.teen.smokefree.gov Smokefree Teen
http://www2.aap.org/richmondcenter/Parents_Families.html
http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/quit_smoking/index.htm
http://www.cancer.org/healthy/stayawayfromtobacco/index Stay away from tobacco
http://www.lung.org/stop-smoking/how-to-quit/getting-help/ Getting Help to Quit Smoking (American Lung
Association)
Online Resources for Physicians
http://www2.aap.org/richmondcenter/CounselingAboutSmokingCessation.html
http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/127/6/e1368.full.pdf Physician Communication Regarding Smoking
and Adolescent Tobacco Use (Pediatrics)
Journals
Teen smoking cessation + review
Teen smoking cessation + review + 2013
Teen smoking cessation + review + 2013
Reviews
435
5
25
Articles
4700
70
369
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23488726
Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2013 Mar 15. doi: 10.1111/bcp.12116. [Epub ahead of print]
Pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation: Pharmacological principles and clinical practice.
Aubin HJ, Luquiens A, Berlin I.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23592348
Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 2013 Apr;138(17):902-7. doi: 10.1055/s-0032-1333053. Epub 2013 Apr 16.
[Current approaches to smoking cessation]. [Article in German] Bölcskei PL, Davis-Wagner P, Grundnig
J, Pommer P.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22719777
J Environ Public Health. 2012;2012:961724. doi: 10.1155/2012/961724. Epub 2012 Jun 7.
Impact of tobacco control interventions on smoking initiation, cessation, and prevalence: a systematic
review. Wilson LM, Avila Tang E, Chander G, Hutton HE, Odelola OA, Elf JL, Heckman-Stoddard BM,
Bass EB, Little EA, Haberl EB, Apelberg BJ.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22345263
Tob Control. 2012 Mar;21(2):258-64. doi: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2011-050359.
What public health strategies are needed to reduce smoking initiation? Pierce JP, White VM, Emery SL.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21846777?dopt=Citation
Tob Control. 2012 May;21(3):355-62. doi: 10.1136/tc.2011.044149. Epub 2011 Aug 16.
A systematic review of longitudinal population-based studies on the predictors of smoking cessation in
adolescent and young adult smokers. Cengelli S, O'Loughlin J, Lauzon B, Cornuz J.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21387218?dopt=Citation
Gesundheitswesen. 2012 Mar;74(3):160-77. doi: 10.1055/s-0030-1268446. Epub 2011 Mar 8.
[Internet and mobile phone interventions to decrease alcohol consumption and to support smoking
cessation in adolescents: a review]. [Article in German] Haug S, Sannemann J, Meyer C, John U.