Biology DNA/RNA Review Name ______________________________ Period ___ Date ____________________ Examine the following diagram, then answer the following questions. 1. The full name of this molecule 1. _______________________________________________ 2. Its common name 2. _______________ 3. The name given to its shape is This can be described as a 3. _________________________ _________________________ 4. The two scientists who shared the Nobel Prize for their work with this molecule 4. __________________ & ______________________ 5. The process shown in the diagram is and the enzyme involved is called 5. ______________________ _______ ____________________ 6. In your own words, explain the end result of the process is 6. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ DNA consists of a number of units. One of these units is shown in the following diagram. 7. The building block of DNA/RNA is 7. __________________________________ 8. The 3 parts of it are: 8. ________________, ________________, & a _________ 9 a. What is this structure? b. What two bases does this represent? c. What memory technique can you use? 10 a. What is this structure? b. What two bases does this represent? c. What memory technique can you use? 9 a. ____________________________________ b. __________________, __________________ c. ________________________________ QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. 10 a. ____________________________________ b. __________________, __________________ c. ________________________________ QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. 11. How can you remember which are the larger & smaller structures? 11. ______________________________________________ 12. What type of bond occurs between the nitrogenous bases? 12. _________________ 13. Which sugar is letter A, and letter B? How do you know? 13. A is __________________ B is __________________ A= B= I know because __________________________________ _______________________________________________ 14. The four nitrogen bases in DNA are 15. Why is DNA important? 14. _______________ bonds to _______________, and _______________ bonds to _______________. 15. __________________________________________ 16. What is the role of RNA? How many types of RNA is there? 16. To make __________________, there are ___ types 17. What is the building block of protein? 17. ___________________________ 18. Trace the pathway of protein synthesis 18. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ DNA/RNA Exam Review L.More Olympian High School 19. Compare DNA to RNA a. type of strand b. type of sugar c. bases 19. 20. The process shown here is called 20. ___________________________ a. Where does it take place? b. What two strands are involved? c. What is the end result of this process? DNA __________ strand ________________ ________________ RNA ____________ strand ______________ ______________ a. ____________________________ b. ____________ and ______________________ c. ______________________________________ 21. What is the name of this structure? a. What molecule is the 3 base code on? b. One codon makes one ? c. How many bases do ribosomes read at a time? 21. _______________ (special word for 3 RNA bases) a. ______________________ b. ______________________ c. _________________ 22. What is the name of this molecule? What does it do? 22. ________, it ________________________________ b a. Is called an _________________ b. The 3 bases code for an __________ _________ What RNA does this bond to? _____, where? At the ______ a 23. What process is occurring here? 23. __________________________________ a. Where does this process take place? b. What is the end result? c. How many RNA bases does it take to code for 1 amino acid? d. Label parts A – G a. _________________________________ b. _________________________________ c. ___________________ Labeling: A _________, B = ______, C = __________, D = _____, E = ___________, F = ________ G = _____ 24. Identify parts of this diagram: a. What is the largest structure here? b. What is the smallest structure here? c. What is DNA wrapped around? d. Which structure includes all the others? a. ________________ b. _______ c. ________________ d. __________________ 25. Using this chart, answer the following questions: a. What is this chart called? b. The names around the outside refer to? c. How many letters do you read at a time? d. Those three letters referred to as? e. That code is on which RNA molecule? f. Id. the amino acids for this genetic sequence UACGCAAAACAGAUGUAG g. amino acids are building blocks for? h. compared to the sequence in letter f above how many amino acid changes would these mutations cause? UAUGCGAAUCAAAUCUAA i. there are 64 different codons, but only how many different amino acids (count carefully) DNA/RNA Exam Review a. _________________________ b. _________________________ c. ______ d. _____________ e. _________ f. _____________________________________ g. ______________ h. _____ changes new sequence would now read: ___________________________________ i. _____ different amino acids L.More Olympian High School