Chapter 3.1: Force, Mass and Acceleration
pp. 45-51
Name: ___________________________ Date: ______________ Period: ________
3.1 Force, Mass and Acceleration
Essential Questions:
1. How do Newton’s 3 Laws of motion explain the motion of many common
activities?
2. When is an object considered weightless?
3. Why doesn’t the moon fall into the Earth like other objects?
4. Can an object have zero momentum and inertia?
Terms to Know (write each words’ definition from the book’s glossary)
Air friction
Equilibrium
Inertia
Momentum
Newton’s First Law of Motion
Net force
Newton’s Second Law of Motion
Law of conservation of momentum
Newton’s Third Law of Motion
Newton (When did he live, who was he
HINT: p. 45
Mass
Weight
Gravity
Friction (air, rolling, sliding, viscous)
Introduction: Sir Isaac Newton’s laws of motion
Read p. 45 and answer the questions below
1. Name 3 achievements that Newton accomplished before the age of 30.
Chapter 3.1: Force, Mass and Acceleration
pp. 45-51
2. What types of questions did Newton’s discoveries help answer.
3. Besides those listed in the book, what other questions about the motion of common objects do you
think could be answered using Newton’s discoveries?
4. What is the Principa?
5. Look at the table of Newton’s Laws on p. 45. In your TERMS TO KNOW you defined each of
Newton’s Laws. Now write the “in Other Words…” in the blank table below:
The Three Laws
In other Words
Newton’s 1st Law of Motion
Newton’s 2nd Law of Motion
Newton’s 3rd Law of Motion
Force
Read p. 46 and answer the questions below
You Need Force to change Motion
1. How does every object continue?
2. What is this “fancy way of saying?”
3. What will happen to a cart once it is set into motion?
What is force?
1. What is force?
2. Beside the example listed in the book, describe a situation when applying a force didn’t change
the motion of an object.
Pounds and Newtons
1. What are the two units of force?
2. How many Newtons are there in one pound?
3. How much would the following weigh in Newtons
a. 2,000 lb truck
b. 180 lb person
c. 10 lb book
4. A pound is used to measure force. What force are we measuring when we talk about an object’s
weight?
Chapter 3.1: Force, Mass and Acceleration
pp. 45-51
Name: ___________________________ Date: ______________ Period: ________
The difference between force and mass
p. 47
The origin of the Newton
1. What two factors does the Newton relate to?
2. What does the force of one Newton cause?
3. Saying “Newton” is easier than saying ________?
Using the correct units in formulas
1. What are the units for?
a. Force
b. Mass
2. Why do you think force and mass have different units?
Defining force and mass
1. How are mass and force different?
2. Why relationship exists between mass, force and acceleration?
Weight is different from mass
1. What is weight a measure of? (HINT: It’s not how heavy you are)
2. What two units could be used to describe weight?
Your mass is the same everywhere in the Universe, but your weight is different
1. On Earth, how many pounds are equal to 1 kilogram?
2. Give an example of how your weight could change, but your mass stays the same?
3. How could you change your mass?
Units of force and mass can describe a quantity
1. What are mass and weight commonly used to describe?
2. How is it possible that 1 kg of bananas is the same quantity of bananas as 2.2 lbs of bananas?
Chapter 3.1: Force, Mass and Acceleration
pp. 45-51
3. What weighs more, a one pound pile of feathers or a one pound of gold?
4. For the answer to #3, which pile would be bigger? Why?
Different units can describe the same quantity
1. On the Earth, a gallon of milk weighs 8.4 ponds. How much would a gallon of milk weigh in outer
space with no gravity?
2. For the answer to #1, how many gallons of milk would you have?
Mass and inertia
p. 48
Newton’s First Law
1. What is another name for Newton’s 1st law?
2. What is inertia?
3. Why does a truck have more inertia than a bike?
Inertia is a property of mass
1. What does the amount of inertia that an object has depend upon?
2. What do we usually think of when we think of mass?
You feel inertia by moving things
1. Which is harder to get moving with a push: a bowling ball or a ping-pong ball?
2. Which would be harder to stop if they were rolling at you at 100 miles per hour? Why?
3. Besides a bowling ball or ping-pong ball, what is another example of the Law of inertia in action?
Mass is a constant property of an object
1. What is the only exception to the rule that the mass of an object never changes due to its location.
2. The book says that the mass of an object never changes due to its location. Describe how an
object like a planet could gain mass. (HINT: It has something to do with other objects in space)
Chapter 3.1: Force, Mass and Acceleration
pp. 45-51
Newton’s second law of motion
p. 49
Newton’s second law
1. what does Newton’s 2nd law relate?
2. What happens to the acceleration of a car that is pushed two times with the same force, except
the second time it’s pushed weight is added to the car?
What the second law tells us
1. What three things does Newton’s second law say?
2. Why do we say that Newton’s second law is basically common sense?
3. What is the mathematical formula that sums up Newton’s second law?
Force is related to acceleration
1. An object moving at a constant speed does not need a force to keep it moving. Name 3 objects
in the universe that demonstrate this principal?
2. An object does need a force to speed up, slow down, turn or stop. Name 3 objects in the universe
that demonstrate this principal?
3. What do changes in speed or direction all involve?