Name
Program 1: Photosynthesis - Seeing the Light
1) In photosynthesis, green plants combine
2) Plants are efficient at converting
& to form energy to
Photosynthesis Videos – TV Ontario energy.
3) Write the most basic version of the balanced equation for photosynthesis (showing water on both sides of the equation).
.
4) The carbon in CO
2
becomes incorporated into:
5) The oxygen from the water going into photosynthesis becomes:
6) What is the first phase of photosynthesis called?
7) What substance goes into this first phase?
8) Does the second phase require light?
What substance comes out as a waste product?
9) What goes into the second phase of photosynthesis besides the Light Dependent Reaction products, NADPH & ATP?
10) What is the end product of the second phase besides new water?
11) The green pigment found in plant cells is called: .
. 12) This pigment is found in organelles called:
Program 2: Photosynthesis - Absorbing the Light
1) The disc-like bodies in chloroplasts are called
2) The thylakoids are stacked in groups called
.
.
3) Light falling on a leaf is either , , or
4) Because a leaf appears green to us, it is reflecting and/or transmitting what color of light?
.
5) What wavelengths of light are absorbed by chlorophyll?
6) Other than chlorophyll a and b, what is another class of pigments? ____________________________________________
7) In the fall, as temperatures drop, what pigments break down first?
8) These pigments represent what three colors?
9) Besides giving us the colors of fall, how do other pigments help in photosynthesis?
10) Light consists of discrete bundles of energy called .
11) Pigments are grouped together in thylakoid membranes into reaction centers called
12) What differentiates the two photosystems?
Light wavelength P680 absorbs: . Light wavelength P700 absorbs:
.
.

Program 3: The Light (Dependent) Reactions
1) Each photosynthetic unit consists of 2 photosystems:
2) During photolysis, water molecules split, yielding: 2 binds with another atom, forming
, 2
.
& .
, & 1 atom of , which quickly
3) Ultimately, electrons are passed through the electron transport system to the area outside the thylakoids called the
.
4) Recall, the loss of electrons is , and the gain of electrons is .
5) The transport of electrons by PQ is coupled with the pumping of into the thylakoid interior.
6) At the end of the electron transport system, electrons are passed from FAD to NADP + , forming
7) The buildup of protons inside the thylakoid is used to generate the conversion of ADP to .
Program 4: The Dark Reactions (a.k.a. The Light Independent Reactions)
1) Where do the “dark” reactions take place?
2) The “dark” reactions have been renamed (based on the scientist who discovered them) as the
.
.
3) Reaction 1: RuP & ATP react, forming &
4) Reaction 2: 1 CO
2
& 1 RuDP combine, forming an unstable 6-carbon compound.
5) Reaction 3: The unstable 6-C compound breaks into 2 molecules of
.
(we call this GP).
6) Reaction 4: 2 ATP & 2 PGA react, forming 2 & 2 (we call this -------).
7) Reaction 5: NADPH
2
from the light reactions releases electrons to DPGA, causing the 2 DPGA to be reduced to become 2
________________________(we call this G3P).
8) With the assistance of enzymes, 1 PGAL is converted to DHAP. Now, the remaining PGAL combines with the newly formed DHAP to form the 6-C sugar fructose diphosphate.
9) Through a series of reactions, fructose diphosphate is converted into glucose phosphate, which is then dephosphorylated, forming
GLUCOSE!
10) What happens to the glucose if it is not needed immediately by the plant? Glucose phosphate is converted into _____________ for long term energy storage.
Program 5: C-3 and C-4 Plants
*Recall: the Calvin cycle uses carbon from CO
2
and energy from the light dependent reactions to form organic compounds.
1) Plants which immediately incorporate CO
2
from the atmosphere into 3-carbon compounds are known as .
2) In theory, what percent of the energy from the light reactions should be converted into carbohydrates in C-3 plants? ___________
3) In reality, less than _________ is converted into carbohydrates in C-3 plants!
4) What is one reason there is such a low efficiency rate in C-3 plants?
4) Sometimes carbon is incorporated/fixed into 4-carbon compounds prior to the Calvin cycle. Plants that do this are known as
.
5) In C-4 plants, the fixing of carbon & the Calvin cycle occur in 2 different types of cells, the
.
& the
6) C-4 plants are better adapted to hot, dry climates compared to C-3 plants. How do C-4 plants increase the efficiency of the Calvin
Cycle?