Introduction to Living Environment
Mrs. N Naus
Final Exam Review Sheet
Topic 1: Living vs nonliving
Students should be able to identify and give an example of each characteristic of
life
Characteristics of life
Cellularity
Organization
Growth and Development
Heredity
Evolution and Adaptation
Responsiveness
Metabolism
Reproduction
Require Energy
Students should know the difference between living, nonliving and dead
TOPIC 2:The Scientific Method
Students should be able to determine the difference between:
1- An observation and a hypothesis.
2- A theory and a hypothesis.
3- A theory and a law.
4- An independent vs dependent variable.
5- A control group vs an experimental group
6- Explain why a hypothesis is an educated guess
7- Set up a controlled experiment
8- Develop a conclusion
The Steps of the scientific method:
Make an observation
Research your observation
Create an educated guess
Perform an experiment consisting of
An independent and dependent variable
A control Group and experimental group
Give the characteristics of a good experiment (large sample size
and repeatability)
Collect and Analyze data. Be able to read a data table or graph and create
a valid conclusion.
Formulate a valid conclusion based on the data. Be able to determine if
the original hypothesis is true or false and why based on experimental data.
TOPIC 3: The microscope
Students should be able to determine the differences between compound light
microscope and electron microscopes
Label and give the function of each part of the microscope
Give the characteristics of a microscope:
Magnification:Total mag= mag ocular x mag of objective
Field of view
Resolution
Depth of field
Brightness
Explain how these properties change when moving from low to medium to high
magnification.
Prepare a wet mount slide
1. The ability to see details or the sharpness of an image has to do with the
_________ of the microscope.
2. As magnification increases, field of view _____.
3. As magnification increases, brightness_______.
4. As magnification increases, resolution ______.
5. What would the following letter look like under the microscope:
p
Topic 4: The Metric System
Students should be able to understand and take measurements of the following
table
Quantity
Mass
Length
Volume
Regular Solid
Irregular Solid
Liquid
Temperature
Unit
Grams
Meter
Instrument
Triple beam balance
Meter stick,ruler
Cm3
Cm3
mL or Liters
Degrees Celsius
LxWxH
Water displacement
Graduated cylindar
thermometer
Topic 5:
The cell students should be able to briefly describe organisms in each Kingdom.
Archaebacteria
Eubacteria
Protista
Plant
Animal
Fungi
Identify the difference between a prokaryote and a eukaryote
Identify the different Eukaryotic organelles of the plant and animal cell
Be able to identify and give the function for each organelle pictured below
Students should be able to identify the chemical formulas of photosynthesis and cellular
respiration
TOPIC 6: Organic compounds: Biomolecules: Polymers: Macromolecules
1-Be able to recognize the difference between dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis
2- Why is dehydration synthesis important to living things?
3-What are the 4 categories of biomolecules?
4- Why are biomolecules polymers?
5- Carbohydrates: what elements build carbohydrates?
5a-What are the building blocks of carbohydrates?
5b-Give examples of monosaccharides.
5c-What is the function of glycogen, cellulose, starch, chitin?
5d- What do glycogen, cellulose and starch have in common?
6- Lipids: What elements build lipids? What are the general functions of lipids?
6a-What is the difference between hydrophobic and hydrophilic?
6b- What is the function of fat. Oil, wax, steroid, phospholipid and what are the
building blocks of each?
7- Proteins: What elements build proteins? What are the functions of proteins?
7a- Identify each part of an amino acid.
7b- What is a polypeptide?
7c- How does a proteins fold to become functional?
7d- How do enzymes work?
7d1- What is a substrate?
7d2- What is the active site
7d3- When do enzymes lower the activation energy?
7d4- What is optimal ph? Optimal temperature?
7e4- What factors effect the rate of enzyme activity?
8- Nucleic Acids: What elements build nucleic acids?
8a- What are the different nucleic acids?
8b- What are the parts of a nucleotide?