AP Human Geography
Chapter 11 Guided Reading – 1st Half
Changing Greens
1. Why can soybeans now be grown in drier climates?
2. What is organic agriculture?
3. Do you find organic agriculture in the core, semi-periphery, or periphery regions of the world?
4. Where are these organic crops mostly sold? Why is that?
5. What is the position of organic agriculture in the core and semi-periphery?
6. What are some benefits of organic food?
1.
2.
7. Name the states in the U.S. that have no acreage in organic farming as of 2002.
What is Agriculture, and Where did Agriculture Begin?
8. Define agriculture.
9. Give examples of primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary, and quinary economic activities.
10. To understand how wealth is generated across the globe we must look at how goods
are produced, not ___________________________________________.
11. What does the high percentage of the labor force involved in agriculture in Guatemala
tell us? What does this mean?
12. Describe the core process of agriculture in Canada and the U.S.
13. What percentage of the U.S. workforce is involved in agriculture? Why is the
percentage so small?
14. One farmer in the U.S. produces enough today to feed ___________________ people.
15. Describe 5 types of hunter-gatherers groups who existed in North America.
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16. Why was the development of fire so important?
17. Through tools and fire, human communities altered their environments
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18. Where is it believed that plant domestication started?
19. What are some examples of root crops?
20. Why is the planting of seed crops a more complex process than root crops?
21. What is the name of the area that First Agricultural Revolution is thought to have
started at?
22. How did people use seeds to develop better plants?
23. What did settlement populations need to order to increase the size of settlements?
24. Briefly describe the process of animal domestication. (about when, where, how, what
kinds of animals were domesticated where)
25. How did the domestication of animals help agriculture?
26. Describe subsistence farming. Where in the world is this found?
27. In subsistence farming times of comparative________ will be followed by times of _________.
28. Restate the quote from p.338 into your own words.
29. Explain shifting cultivation. Make sure to tell where this may be used in the world.
30. Explain why land often has to be left to regenerate.
31. Explain slash-and-burn agriculture.
32. How did colonial powers encourage commercial farming?
How did Agriculture Change with Industrialization?
33. Why did a Second Agricultural Revolution have to take place? (Think of numbers of people who
would be working in factories instead of farming.)
34. Name two new crops that came to Europe from trade with America.
35. Name the British law that played a part in the Second Agricultural Revolution. What did this law
encourage?
36. Methods of _______________________, _________________________,
_______________________________, and _______________________ improved.
37. What did the seed drill do?
38. What did farming advance by breeding livestock?
39. Overall, what did the increases in farm production make possible?
40. What invention made machinery such as tractors and combines possible?
41. When agriculture is based on producing food for people who live in towns or cities, a geography
emerges based on _______________________ and cost of
________________________________.
42. Explain how Johann Heinrich von Thunen developed his model of spatial distribution of
agricultural activities.
43. Draw and label the Von Thunen Model.
44. Give an example of von Thunen’s Model on a large scale.
45. When and where did the Green Revolution begin?
46. What were the goals of the Green Revolution.
47. How did the Green Revolution help Mexico?
48. Describe IR8 and IR36. Which was the most widely grown crop in the world in 1992?
49. The Green Revolution brought high yield wheat and corn from the U.S. to
_________________________________________________.
50. Because of the Green Revolution, most famines today are due to
_________________________________________.
51. What continent has not had as much success with the Green Revolution? Why?
52. What could be gained by charting the genome of rice?
53. What crops are being researched which may have an impact in Africa?
54. What’s a superpest and why might this be a problem?
55. What are other worries scientists have about genetically engineered food?
56. Summarize the concerns Vandana Shiva voices about the Green Revolution in India.
57. What are some negatives about the Green Revolution?
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58. What size is the average family farm in China? (In the U.S. it’s 441 acres.)
59. What are GMOs?
60. What percentage of processed U.S. food has GMOs in it?
61. What is a problem in Latin America brought on by increased exporting of cash crops?
62. How did agricultural changes affect gender roles in Gambia?
63. Worldwide, agricultural work is largely carried out by _______________.
How did Agriculture Change with Industrialization?
The Second and Third Agricultural Revolution
64. Why did a Second Agricultural Revolution have to take place? (Think of numbers of people who
would be working in factories instead of farming.)
65. Name two new crops that came to Europe from trade with America.
66. Name the British law that played a part in the Second Agricultural Revolution. What did this law
encourage?
67. Methods of _______________________, _________________________,
_______________________________, and _______________________ improved.
68. What did the seed drill do?
69. What did farming advance by breeding livestock?
70. Overall, what did the increases in farm production make possible?
71. What invention made machinery such as tractors and combines possible?
72. When agriculture is based on producing food for people who live in towns or cities, a geography
emerges based on _______________________ and cost of
________________________________.
73. Explain how Johann Heinrich von Thunen developed his model of spatial distribution of
agricultural activities.
74. Draw and label the Von Thunen Model.
75. Give an example of von Thunen’s Model on a large scale.
76. When and where did the Green Revolution begin?
77. What were the goals of the Green Revolution.
78. How did the Green Revolution help Mexico?
79. Describe IR8 and IR36. Which was the most widely grown crop in the world in 1992?
80. The Green Revolution brought high yield wheat and corn from the U.S. to
_________________________________________________.
81. Because of the Green Revolution, most famines today are due to
_________________________________________.
82. What continent has not had as much success with the Green Revolution? Why?
83. What could be gained by charting the genome of rice?
84. What crops are being researched which may have an impact in Africa?
85. What’s a superpest and why might this be a problem?
86. What are other worries scientists have about genetically engineered food?
87. Summarize the concerns Vandana Shiva voices about the Green Revolution in India.
25. What are some negatives about the Green Revolution?
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88. What size is the average family farm in China? (In the U.S. it’s 441 acres.)
89. What are GMOs?
90. What percentage of processed U.S. food has GMOs in it?
91. What is a problem in Latin America brought on by increased exporting of cash crops?
92. How did agricultural changes affect gender roles in Gambia?
93. Worldwide, agricultural work is largely carried out by _______________.
AP Human Geography
Chapter 11 Guided Reading – 2nd Half
What Imprint does Agriculture make on the Cultural Landscape?
1. What is a cadastral system?
2. What is the prevailing survey system in the United States?
3. What type of cadastral system is this?
4. This system imposes a ______________ _____________________ pattern on the land.
5. The basic unit of this system is __________ square mile.
6. Describe the metes and bounds survey system.
7. In Quebec, Louisiana, and Texas a ______________ ______________ _______________
was implemented. Describe how land was divided using this system.
8. Explain how the system of primogeniture worked?
9. What percentage of the population in India works in farming?
10. Describe the dispersed settlement pattern. Where is this used?
11. Describe the nucleated settlement pattern. Where is this used?
12. How has NAFTA effected agricultural production in Mexico?
13. How does social position in Africa, and the caste system in India affect housing in these countries?
What is the Global Pattern of Agriculture and Agribusiness?
14. What led to the establishment of plantations?
15. Explain the development of commercial agriculture.
16. How did refrigeration affect the beef industry in Argentina?
17. What is monoculture?
18. What does Koppen’s climate classification system do? (How does it classify the world’s climates?)
19. What are climatic regions?
20. Drier lands rely on ______________________ _________________________, where moister
climates are marked with _________________ ________________________.
21. Why would countries want to form cartels to sell their products?
22. Describe plantation agriculture.
23. What are the plantation crops in Middle and South America?
24. What plantation crops are grown in West and East Africa?
25. What competes with cotton today?
26. What competes with rubber today?
27. What invention and which war created a need for alternative sources of rubber. Why was this?
28. What destroyed the rubber industry in Liberia?
29. What are luxury crops?
30. Who buys half of all coffee sold in the world today? Why do you think this is?
31. Describe coffee production in Latin America today.
32. Why are more consumers demanding fair trade coffee?
33. What is the dominant beverage of Eurasia?
34. What is livestock ranching?
35. Name three types of subsistence agriculture.
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36. What crops are grown in Mediterranean agriculture areas?
37. Why do farmers in the periphery often plant crops that can be turned into illegal drugs?
38. What part of the world consumes the most illegal drugs? (core, semi-periphery, periphery) Why is
this?
39. What is leading to overfishing in much of the world?
40. What are the environmental concerns about large commercial crop farming?
41. What damage can be done by livestock herding?
42. How has chicken farming changed since the early 20th century to now? Why is this?
43. What is causing the loss of productive farmland in the U.S.?