SURVEY ASTRONOMY LECTURES
AUDIOVISUAL IMAGERY
Planetary Motions & Alignments
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Solar System diagram
Inferior Planet diagram
Venus in evening sky
Superior planet diagram
Mars undergoing retrograde motion, diagram & animation
Solar system live link
Early Astronomy [pre-Copernicus]
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Mayan observatory [Caracol?]
Stonehenge
Indian Observatory - Konark (sun worship)
Early universe model ?
School of Athens
Aristotle
Geocentric universe diagram
Epicycle [epicycle animation]
Hipparcus
Ptolemy & the Almagest
The Copernican Revolution
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Copernicus [image]
Heliocentric model diagram
Retrograde motion explained [diagram, CM 2-?]
Galileo image
What did Galileo see ? - moons of Jupiter, mountains on Moon, sunspots
[images
Venus orbit/phase diagram, comparing heliocentric & geocentric model predictions
[CM 2-?]
Starry Messenger image [extracts from Galileo]
Timeline of heliocentric model [notes]
Kepler & Brahe [portraits]
Kepler’s law 1: diagram of ellipse
Kepler’s law 2: ellipse with equal areas colored, animation
Kepler’s law 3: ellipse or solar system diagram, with “law” inscribed
Newton & Mechanics
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Newton [portrait]
Math elements: scalars & vectors
Notions of motions: velocity, acceleration
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1st law of motion, diagram [CM 2-8]
2nd law of motion, diagram
3rd law of motion, diagram [Schombert wp]
Gravity, Orbits, and Planets
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Law of gravity, diagram [CM 2-20a, formula from utk website]
Circular velocity [CM 2-21, MP 2-2, animation] and orbits
Geosynchronous orbit
Escape velocity [CM 2.23, animation?]
Orbits within the solar system, intercept trajectories
Gravity as space-time [CM 22-14]
Gravity, Orbits & Stars
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Force of gravity on an orbiting body
Binary star
Center of mass
Center of mass [animation] from
Escape velocity
Scientific inquiry
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Continuity circle
Radiation from Space
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Image of non-stellar object [CM 3.cover]
Eyeball [web]
EM spectrum [animation UNT]
EM spectrum with units [CM 3.4]
A wave [graphic] [CM 3.3]
EM charges and waves [CM 3.5, 3.7]
EM spectrum showing full range [CM 3.9]
Radiation Laws & Temperature
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A simple BB spectrum [graphic] [CM 3.10]
All types of spectra [image and graphic] [web, CM 4.12]
Temp scale [CM 3.MP1]
BB curve and temperature [CM 3.11]
Spectrum vs temperature for different objects [CM 3.13]
Step thru spectrum for 1 object, use the Sun [SOHO]
Atoms, Molecules and Spectra
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Table top spectrograph {CM 4.1]
Kirchoffs rules for spectra [CM 4.3]
Sun spectra [CM chap 4 cover]
Idealized model of an atom [CM 4.8]
Modern model of an atom [CM 4.9]
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Atoms with Z>1 [CM 4.11]
Periodic table [web – UOregon applet ?]
Energy levels [CM 4.10]
Hydrogen series (graphic) [CM 4.MP1], (pictorial) [web-utk site]
Molecules [CM 4.13]
Molecular spectra in stars – CO bands [source]
Matter on all scales – as a function of T [scan slide from Cosmic Perspective]
Doppler effect [CM 3.15], animation [applet from Davidson]
Info from spectra – LOS velocity [CM 24.27, galaxy redshift], [comet spectrum],
[source – could use a spectrum overlain with a redshifted spectrum]
Info from spectra – composition [CM 4.3, 4.4]
Info from spectra – line broadening [CM 4.15]
Info from spectra – rotation [CM 4.17]
Summary – [CM table 4.1, scan or xerox]
Telescopes
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Galileo’s scope [web]
Newton’s scope [web - ]
Modern refractor [CM 5.6]
Modern reflector [web –KPNO 1.3m]
Refractor design
Optics:
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Eyeball [from web]
Refraction
Reflection: plane mirror, curved mirror
Dispersion of light
Capturing starlight: Detectors
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Camera or photograph
CCD detector
CCD camera on a telescope
Digital image as an array
Digital spectrum
Atmospheric Effects on Observing
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Concept of seeing
Fuzzy vs sharp image
Observatories
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Mauna Kea overview
Keck telescopes
VLT site, Chile
Kitt Peak panorama
McDonald Observatory
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200” at Palomar
Green Bank Telescope
Very Large Array
ALMA concept
Space Observatories
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HST
Chandra
UIT [UIT in orbit, P]
SIRTF [sirtf.Caltech.edu]
Solar System Overview
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SS diagram [CM 6.5]
Sun
Terrestrial planets montage
Jovian planets montage
Asteroid [CM 6.8a]
Comet
solar system live [web: ]
solar system to scale with Sun [CM 6.7]
Planet Earth - overview
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Global view from space [CM 1.1]
Earth-moon system view [web – Earth moon comparison from SolarViews]
Surface or atmosphere view [web – belize rainforest from rainforestweb.org]
Overview of earth structure, cutaway with labels [CM 7.1]
Atmosphere view
Magnetopshere [CM 7.17]
Volcano / earthquake image [CM 7.8a]
Desert erosion [web- Bryce Canyon image]
Interior of the Earth
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Seismic waves [CM 7.5]
Reflection of seismic waves [CM 7.6]
Interior profile [CM 7.7]
Crust / mantle diagram [CM 7.10]
Differentiation [web – diagram from 161]
Impact crater [web- Meteor crater, AZ from SolarViews]
Radioactivity [CM MP7.2 diagram]
Earth Atmosphere
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Atmosphere image from space []
Diagram with zones labeled [CM 7.2, web- from A161]
Convection [CM 7.3]
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Global wind patterns [web – from A161]
Greenhouse effect [CM 7.4]
Ozone layer [web page – EPA, fall03 http://www.epa.gov/docs/ozone/science/sc_fact.html]
Earth’s Magnetosphere
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Magnetic field, global view [CM 7.17]
Magnetic poles [web- ]
Radiation belts [CM 7.18]
Magnetosphere [CM 7.21]
Aurora [Northern lights webpage]
Earth Surface Geology
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Global view of Earth from space, showing landforms
Earthquake damage
Volcano
Mountains
Erosion, Venezualen tepuis ?, river in flood ?
Earthquake/volcano location map [CM 7.9]
Alfred Wegner pix?
Plate motion diagram [CM 7.15]
Subduction zone diagram [CM 7.10]
Continental “sliding” zone, San Andreas fault [CM 7.13], San Fran earthquake 1988 ?
Spreading zone diagram [CM 7.13], deep ocean vent
Continental drift – Pangaea [CM 7.16]
ANIM of continental drift (F03) http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/geology/anim1.html
Measuring continental drift, geodesy with satellites diagram [?]
Tides:
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Low/high tide image
Differential gravitational force [web- A161]
Tides diagram [CM 7.22 or 7.23]
Spring and neap tides
Tidal bulge offset. Effect on Earth’s rotation [CM 7.24]
Moon:
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Moon at full phase
Lunar phase diagram
Earth/Moon comparison image, scaled to size
Wide-field image of a portion of the moon, showing maria & mountains
Cratered terrain in highlands, overlapping craters
Maria terrain, few craters, filled crater
Hadley rille
Large crater on maria (Copernicus)
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Impact vs volcanic, need adjacent images showing volcanic caldera & crater
Impact crater diagram
Impact crater animation
Surface images [soil, mountains]
Off-center view of Moon, showing part of far side
Moon viewer applet [web- ]
Lunar interior diagram
ALSEP package on surface [web- http://www.myspacemuseum.com/alsep01c.htm is
a good source of pix for these]
Lunar origin diagram + animation
Lunar history
Mercury:
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Global image from Mariner 10, to set stage
Orbit of Mercury within solar system diagram [Solar System live]
Illustration of Mercury in the sky, animation?, [skychart]
Transit of Mercury, still image, time-lapse video
Earth-based image, with basic parameters added
Orbit of Mercury, demonstrating rotation period, and the odd “day”
A day on Mercury, animation from MESSENGER probe
Areceibo Observatory, Doppler profile diagram
Mariner 10 spacecraft trajectory
Mariner 10 spacecraft, pre-launch image,
Mariner 10 spacecraft, illustration in-flight
Surface images: Caloris Basin, scarps, wide-field view, “weird terrain”
Caloris Basin and weird terrain illustration
Artist’s concept of surface
MESSENGER webpage
Venus:
Mars:
Comparative planets 1
Individual images of Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars
Composite terrestrial worlds
Jupiter & Saturn
J - Global view, HST or Galileo, overview image
S - Global view, HST or Galileo, overview image
J as viewed thru a small telescope, with moons
S as viewed thru a small telescope, with rings
Solar System diagrams [SS live]
Rotational flattening of Jupiter [CM 11.2]
Rotational flattening related to core size [Schombert diagram]
Jupiter Atmospheres
J atmosphere diagram [CM 11.6]
Jupiter Interior
J interior model [CM 11.10]
Jupiter Magnetic Environment
Saturn Interior
S interior model [CM 12.8]
Big Moons of the Outer Solar System
Ice Moons
Uranus & Neptune
Pluto
Overview of the Sun
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Global view [CM 16.1]
Sun to scale with planets [CM 6.7]
Solar structure [CM 16.2]
Active sun, global view w prominence [web image]
Sun with prominent spots, full disk [CM 16.15]
Active vs quiet sun [CM 16.12, 16.25, shows corona], need full-disk comparison
Fusion reactions [CM 16.26]
Solar Interior
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Solar Interior [CM 16.6, half-sun cutaway view]
Temp & density vs radius [CM 16.5, graphic]
Hydrostatic equilibrium [web – graphic from Schombert]
Convection [web – graphic from Schombert]
Granulation [CM 16.17 image, movie from BBSO]
Photospheric spectrum
Measuring the solar luminosity [CM 16.3, 1 AU sphere around Sun]
Solar “atmosphere” and activity
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Quiet sun compared to active sun [SOHO movie page, EIT stills in sequence]
Solar “Power”
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Chart of elementary particles [web- Schombert Uoregon]
Diagram of coulomb potential barrier [web- A162]
H-bomb explosion
Hans Bethe [webpage from Nobel committee,
http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1967/bethe-bio.html]
First stage of proton-proton reaction, diagram [CM 16.26]
Entire chain, diagram [CM16.27]
Solar neutrino observatory [webpage – SNO]
Properties of Stars
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Star cluster pix, or MW field [HST – NGC 1850]
Parallax diagram [CM 17.1 a & b]
Proper motion diagram [web- from A162]
Barnard’s star proper motion example [web- A162]
Space velocity diagram [web- from A162]
Local stellar neighborhood [CM 17.2]
Inverse square law for light [CM 17.5]
Apparent magnitude [CM 17.7]
Colors & blackbody curves [CM 17.9]
Spectra vs temperatire [CM 17.10]
Stellar spectral classifications
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Stellar radii comparison [CM 17.12]
Artist concept of Earth with red giant sun
Betelguese from HST [HST site]
Binary star image, orbit diagram [CM 17.19]
Orbit effects on spectra [CM 17.20]
Light curve [CM 17.21]
Mass distribution of stars [CM 17.23]
HR Diagrams
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Basic concept diagram [web – Schombert, Uoregon]
Diagram of bright stars [CM 17.15]
Diagram of nearby stars [CM 17.14]
Many-star HR diagram, demonstrating main sequence [CM 17.16]
Luminosity class diagram [CM 17.18]
Dwarf/giant/supergiant comparison [CM 17.12, repeat]
Spectroscopic parallax as distance estimator [CM 17.17]
Mass – luminosity diagram [CM 17.24]
[missing] – binary stars, nebulae, star formation
Star Clusters
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NGC 3603, shows young OB cluster + pillars [HST - 1999 highlight
hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/1999/20/image
Star Chart showing Pleiades
Pleiades, an OC [CM 19.20a]
NGC 1850, open cluster in LMC [HST]
47 Tuc [CM 20.20a, shows wide field and HST core, also HST image from their
page]
Cluster formation [diagram from Schombert]
OC CM diagram – Pleiades [CM 19.21b]
GC CM diagram – Omega Cen [CM 19.21b]
Cluster evolution simulator [web:
www.astro.ubc.ca/~scharein/a311/Sim/hr/HRdiagram.html
Crab Nebula and SN 1987a
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1987A before and after pix [CM 21.7]
HST wide field mosaic, showing surrounding region
HST image of remnant change
HST image of ring illumination, animation of explosion from HST
Illustration of ejecta/ring interaction from HST
Crab nebula - wide field optical image
CN optical, showing filaments
CN multiwavelength images, X-ray etc
CN expansion - blinked or superposed time-separated images
Neutron Stars & Pulsars
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Crab Nebula image
Radio telescope – Jodrell bank
Crab nebula pulsar