Study Guide for Final Exam:
Marine Biology
Chapter 1:
 List, in order, the steps of the scientific method
 Discuss the history of marine biology
Chapter 2:
 Define mid-ocean ridge, trench, rift, fault, shelf break, abyssal plain, seamount, and
guyouts
 List the four oceans
 List the three layers of the earth
 Discuss characteristics about the continental shelf, slope, and rise
Chapter 3:
 Draw and label a wave
 Discuss the Coriolis Effect
 Differentiate between a neap and spring tide
 Explain what makes the ocean stratify
Chapter 4:
 List and define the four building blocks of life
 Be familiar with the parts of a cell
 List, in order, the levels of organization
 List the five kingdoms and give an example of an organism in each kingdom
 Know that viruses are not classified into any of the five kingdoms because they are
parasitic and can’t live or reproduce without a host.
Chapter 5:
 Explain the difference between an autotroph and a heterotroph
 Discuss the difference between chemosynthetic and photosynthetic bacteria
 Identify the following animals based on their characteristics: cyanobacteria, diatoms,
dinoflagellates, foraminiferans, radiolarians, ciliates. Don’t forget about the pigments
that color these organisms!
Chapter 6:
 Identify the following types of algae: , green, red, and brown algae
 Label the parts of seaweed.
 Discuss the economic importance of seaweed.
Chapter 7:
 Discuss the difference in a vertebrate and an invertebrate
 Discuss the structure of sponges and some different types of sponges
 Identify animals found in the Cnidarian group based on characteristics of that animal
 Identify animals found in the Mollusc group based on characteristics of that animal
 Identify animals found in the Arthropod group based on characteristics of that animal
 Identify animals found in the Echinoderm group based on characteristics of that animal
Chapter 8:
 List the three types of fish and give examples of each type
 Label the fins of a shark
 Define chromatophore, warning coloration, cryptic coloration, disruptive coloration and
countershading
Chapter 9:
 Discuss characteristics surrounding the sea turtle, penguins, sea lion, seal, whales, and
dolphins
 Discuss whaling and its harmful affects
 Explain how marine mammals adapt to diving and increased amounts of time without
oxygen
 Discuss echolocation
Chapter 10:
 Define ecology, habitat, abiotic factor, biotic factor, resource, limiting resource,
competition predation, carnivore, omnivore, herbivore, and decomposer
 State difference between interspecific and intraspecific competition
 List and define three types of symbiosis
 Discuss a food chain and its levels
 Differentiate between benthic, nektic, sessile, and pelagic organisms
 Explain the difference in phytoplankton and zooplankton