Name ___________________
Anatomy and Physiology
Mrs. Grant
Chapter 8: The Skeletal System Study Guide p. 110 - 135
I.
Skeleton overview:
1. List 5 functions of the skeleton:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
II.
Anatomy of Long Bone:
_____ 1. Articular cartilage
a. fibrous connective tissue covering
_____ 2. Compact bone
b. covers the bone in the joint region
_____ 3. Diaphysis
_____ 4. Epiphysis
c. Expanded portion at the end of a long
bone.
d. fills the mudullary cavity
_____ 5. Epiphseal disc
e. fills the spongy bone
_____ 6. Mudullary cavity
f. makes up walls of the diaphysis
______7. Periosteum
h. space inside the diaphysis
______ 8. Red marrow
i. tube like shaft of the bone
______ 9. Spongy bone
j. type of bone tissue inside epiphysis
_____ 10. Yellow marrow
k. region of growth in length
10. Define Ossification –
11. What are the differences among osteocytes, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts?
12. What happens when the epiphseal disc is injured?
13. Name and describe two types of bone tissue:
a.
b.
14. Name the components of the haversian system in compact bone. What is the
appearance of the haversian system?
15. Name the bones related to the following:
a. forehead –
b. cheekbone –
c. upper jaw –
d. lower jaw –
16. State the function of the atlas and axis?
17. What are the differences among true, false, and floating ribs?
18. What are the two bones of the shoulder girdle?
19. What is the name of the bony part of the elbow? _________________________
Fractures: p. 117
20. Broken bones pierce the skin in a ___________________ fracture.
21. The bone is broken into two parts in a _______________ fracture.
22. A _________________ fracture results from the twisting of bones.
23. The four steps in fracture repair (in the correct order) are:
III.
Axial skeleton / Appendicular skeleton:
_____ 22. Condyle
a. massive process found only on the femur
_____ 23. Crest
b. narrow, ridgelike projection
_____ 24. Foramen
c. rounded opening through a bone
_____ 25. Fossa
d. shallow depression
_____ 26. Head
e. sharp, slender processes
_____ 27. Spine
f. large, roughened process
_____ 28. Tuberosity
g. large rounded, articulating knob
_____ 29. Trochanter
h. rounded process at the articulating bone
end.
30. Label each of the following statements as describing the female (F) pelvis or male
(M) pelvis. Place an F or M in the blanks on the left.
_____ a. bones that are more flared
_____ b. wider
_____ c. narrower inlet and outlet of the pelvis
_____ d. pelvic cavity is more funnel-shaped
_____ e. lighter and thinner bones
Fill in the blank: bursa, ligament, meniscus, synovial fluid, and synovial membrane.
31. _____________________ joint capsule lining that produces synovial fluid.
32. _____________________ lubricant for joint
33. _____________________ fibrous connective tissue that holds two bones together
34. _____________________ crescent-shaped fibrocartilage ring
35. _____________________ fluid-filled sac that eases friction
36. Use the terms that follow to draw and label the parts of long bone. Articular
cartilage, blood vessel, compact bone, diaphysis, endosteum, epiphysis, medually
cavity, periosteum. Just use one of the diagrams below