Mr. Stephens
Chapter 6 (Osseous Tissue and Bone Structure) Questions
Anatomy & Physiology
I. An Introduction to the Skeletal System, p. 180
1. Describe the 5 primary functions of the skeletal system
II. The Gross Anatomy of Bones, p. 180
1. Classify bones according to shape. Give specific examples for each type of bone. p. 180
(Make a table similar to the one shown)
flat
sutural
irregular
short
sesamoid
bone shape long
description
location
2. Bone Markings p. 181-182, define each of the following words, draw & label a picture of it.
process, spine, head, neck, foramen
3. Bone Structure, p. 183, define each of the following words, draw & label a femur.
diaphysis, epiphysis, metaphysic, marrow cavity, cortex
III. Bone Histology, p. 184
1. The Structure of Compact Bone, p. 185, define each word: osteon, central canal
2. Where is compact bone the strongest? How much force can compact bone withstand? How are
most bones broken?
3. The Structure of Spongy Bone, p. 186, define each of the following words:
trabeculae, red bone marrow, yellow bone marrow
4. Where is spongy bone located?
IV. Bone Formation and Growth, p. 189 define each of the following words: ossification, calcification
1. Endochondral Ossification, p. 189-191, Draw and explain the 6-step process in bone growth
and ossification. Make sure to define the following words: primary ossification center,
secondary ossification centers, articulation cartilage, epiphyseal cartilage, epiphyseal line
2. The Blood and Nerve Supplies, p. 193, Explain the function of the nutrient artery and veins.
V. The Dynamic Nature of Bone, p. 194-198
1. What is bone remodeling? How quickly is bone replaced?
2. What benefit does exercise have on bones?
3. What nutrients are needed for normal bone growth and maintenance?
4. In what gland are growth hormones produced?
5. How does puberty affect bone growth? What is gigantism? What is Marfan’s syndrome?
6. Why is calcium ion homeostasis important to maintain?
7. Define each word: parathyroid glands, parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcitonin
VI. Fracture Repair, p. 198-199
1. What are the 4 steps in fracture repair? Draw and label a picture of the steps with your
explanation.
2. Explain the following types of fractures: spiral, Colles’, greenstick
VII. Aging and the Skeletal System, p. 199-201
1. What is osteoporosis? What gender is more likely to develop osteoporosis? What can help to
prevent the onset of osteoporosis?