Issues in Biotechnology
Study Guide for Quiz 02 on Lectures 3 and 4
3. Atoms, Cells and The Flow of Life
4. Some Techniques in Biotechnology
BCH 190
1. Water can absorb and store a large amount of heat while increasing
only a few degrees in temperature. Why?
(A) The heat must first be used to break the hydrogen bonds rather than raise the
temperature.
(B) The heat must first be used to break the ionic bonds rather than raise the
temperature.
(C) The heat must first be used to break the covalent bonds rather than raise the
temperature.
(D) An increase in temperature causes an increase in adhesion of the water.
(E) An increase in temperature causes an increase in cohesion of the water.
2. Which of the following foods is not a significant source of complex
carbohydrates?
(A) fresh fruit
(B) rice
(C) pasta
(D) oatmeal
(E) All of the above are significant sources of complex carbohydrates.
3. An ultracentrifuge consists of a rotor that spins tubes containing
materials and is:
(A) a component on a new type of microscope to allow cell components to be
easily visualized
(B) the laboratory tool developed by Robert Hooke in the 1660s that he used to
discover cells
(C) a tool used by cell biologists for separating and comparing cell components
based on size and density
(D) a component on the recent Rover Mars mission used to look for life on other
planets
(E) used only to enrich uranium for nuclear warheads
4. The order that best represents size from the smallest to the largest
biological entities is:
(A) all answers are correct
(B) Ribosomes-Mitochondria-Nuclei-Cells-Tissues
(C) Organelles-Tissues-Organs-Organism--Species
(D) Atoms-Molecules-Chain Molecules-Molecular Structures-Organelles-Cells
(E) Cells-Tissues-Organs-Individual
5. The major contributions to the discovery of the DNA double helix
structure over fifty years ago , (although not all were recognized by the
Nobel prize Committee were made by:
(A) Darwin and Mendel
(B) Miller and Lamarck
(C) Watson and Crick
(D) Watson and Hoagland
(E) Watson, Crick, Wilkins, and Franklin
6. Which of the following nucleotide bases are present in equal amounts
in DNA?
(A) adenine and cytosine
(B) thymine and guanine
(C) adenine and guanine
(D) thymine and cytosine
(E) adenine and thymine
7. All of the following are features of RNA except:
(A) a sugar-phosphate-sugar-phosphate backbone.
(B) a coiled double-stranded structure.
(C) a different type of sugar than is found in DNA.
(D) an ability to direct protein production.
(E) a different type of base than is found in DNA.
8. An example of chain molecules would be?
(A) cells
(B) oxygen molecules
(C) proteins
(D) mitochondria
(E) aspirin
9. Prokaryotic cells:
(A) are complex creature and usually do not live in diverse and extreme
environments
(B) lack a membrane bound nucleus like most bacteria
(C) have membrane bound organelles that originated from bacteria
(D) are animal type cells with diverse biochemical compartments
(E) only live in extreme environment without oxygen
10. The chemical units of information in DNA are:
(A) ATGC
(B) UAGC
(C) DAMN
(D) RNAI
(E) XYZQ
11. The endosymbiont hypothesis:
(A) has been shown to be false by modern molecular biology
(B) has been outlawed in Kansas
(C) is key evidence in favor of Intelligent Design
(D) explains the origins of chloroplasts and mitochondria
(E) was first described by James Watson and Francis Crick
12. Eukaryotic cells:
(A) are just a theory
(B) include the bacteria and viruses and are not considered as life forms
(C) contain various membrane bound compartments, such as chloroplasts,
mitochondria and nuclei
(D) are the most primitive type of cell originating 3.2 billion years ago
(E) Only live in extreme environments without oxygen
13. When individual cells divide they first make a copy of all the
information they carry in their DNA and every cell in an organism
usually contains a nearly exact copy of all of the DNA that codes for that
organism. However, ‘life’ creates with mistakes. Every so often cellular
mechanisms make errors during the copy process. A mutation
(A) occurs only in bacterial DNA
(B) is never random
(C) is always a negative change for the organism
(D) is a random change in DNA sequence
(E) none of these answers are correct
14. The atomic number of carbon is 6. Its nucleus must contain:
(A) 6 neutrons and 6 protons.
(B) 3 protons and 3 neutrons.
(C) 6 neutrons and no electrons.
(D) 6 protons and no electrons.
(E) 6 protons and 6 electrons
15. A covalent bond is formed when:
(A) two non-polar molecules associate with each other in a
polar environment.
(B) a positively charged particle is attracted to a negatively
charged particle.
(C) one atom gives up electrons to another atom.
(D) two atoms share electrons.
(E) two polar molecules associate with each other in a nonpolar environment.
16. When we muse about the question “What is Life?- What impresses
us at first glance, is its diversity. But we also are interested in its unity.
What feature seems to be shared by all living organisms on this planet?
(A) they all move
(B) they all contain information that is stored in chain molecules
(C) they never change but remain exactly the same from on generation to the next
(D) they all require air
(E) none of these answers are correct
17. Cloning a gene
(A) is a method that has been banned in Europe but widely used in the US
(B) is a method used to copy a specific segment of DNA
(C) is a method used to reproduce an entire new organism from a donor cell, like
(D) is a science fiction idea that has not yet been accomplished or proven
(E) is a good idea in theory, but has not yet been accomplished
18. The double helix structure of DNA that is created by a sequence of
bases was a clue to how one molecule of DNA could be replicated into
two exact copies. DNA replication results in the same copy of DNA in
each cell and
(A) occurs spontaneously
(B) occurs only in prokaryotes
(C) occurs only during embryogenesis
(D) occurs before every cell divides
(E) never occurs after a cell has divided
19. Which of the following is not a characteristic of all living organisms?
(A) capable of genetic information (RNA and/or DNA) replication
(B) has either DNA or RNA as an information basis
(C) complex yet organized
(D) chemical energy storage and utilization
(E) relies only on non-organic material
20. Which in the following list includes all others in the list?
(A) polysaccharide
(B) carbohydrate
(C) monosaccharide
(D) disaccharide
(E) carbon
21. A polar molecule:
(A) is slightly negative at one end and slightly positive at the other end
(B) has an extra electron, giving it a positive charge
(C) has an extra electron giving it a negative charge
(D) has covalent bonds
(E) is comprised of a single atom
22. Changing one amino acid within a protein could change what about
that protein?
(A) the primary structure of the protein
(B) the overall shape of the protein
(C) the function of the protein itself
(D) the sequence of amino acids specified in the DNA sequence called a gene
(E) all of the above
23. A shortage of phosphorus would make it difficult for an organism to
manufacture
(A) DNA
(B) proteins
(C) cellulose
(D) fats
(E) none of these answers are correct
24. Which of the following is not a chemical reaction?
(A) Sugar and oxygen combine to form carbon dioxide and water
(B) sodium metal and chlorine gas unite to form sodium chloride
(C) hydrogen gas combines with oxygen to form water
(D) Ice melts to form liquid water
(E) none of these answers are correct
25. Proteins are an essential component of a healthy diet for humans
(and other animals). Their most common purpose is to serve as:
(A) raw material for growth.
(B) fuel for running the body.
(C) organic precursors for enzyme construction.
(D) long-term energy storage.
(E) inorganic precursors for enzyme construction.
26. Water is split during photosynthesis is plants to yield what to
compounds?
(A) methane gas and carbon dioxide
(B) oxygen and water
(C) hydrogen and oxygen.
(D) sugars and proteins
(E) RNA and DNA
27. Enzymes are usually:
(A) proteins
(B) carbohydrates
(C) helpful bacteria
(D) Only available in health food stores
(E) none of these answers are correct
28. When asked by a reporter what they had discovered, Francis Crick
famously replied:
(A) The New World
(B) The Higgs Boson
(C) The Secret of Life
(D) Silly Putty
(E) A New Planet with Life
29. In DNA replication an (A) adenine always pairs with
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
cytosine (C)
thymidine (T)
guanine (G)
tyrosine
monosodium glutamate
30. The Flow of Information of life on earth usually occurs from
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
the Sun
DNA to RNA to Protein
amino acids to complex carbohydrates
gas to liquid to solid
primarily viruses