THIRD CONJUGATION PASSIVE
Introduction
 Passive Voice in the third conjugation is very similar to passive voice
in the first and second conjugation.
o As usual, the perfect system of tenses is completely the same,
i.e. you take the fourth principal part of a verb and pair it with a
conjugated form of esse.
o The present system is different than the present system of first
and second conjugation only in the same ways that it is different
in the active voice:
 There is an additional vowel (-i-, -e-,-u-) before the
personal endings in present tense
 There is an additional vowel (-ē-) before the –bam, –bās,
–bat endings of the imperfect tense
 The future endings are not passive variations of –bō, –bis,
–bit, but of –am, –ēs, -et.
 Remember that the passive voice personal endings of Latin verbs (cf.
p. 104 of your textbook) are as follows:
singular
plural
1st person
-or, -r
-mur
2nd person
-ris
-minī
3rd person
-tur
-ntur
 As in the active voice, you must find the appropriate stem of the
third conjugation verb before you begin conjugating it:
o Present stem (for active and passive voice): take 2nd principal
part, remove the entire –ere from the end (dūcere – ere =
dūc- )
o Perfect stem (for active voice): take 3rd principal part, remove
the –ī from the end (duxī – ī = dux- )
i
THIRD CONJUGATION PASSIVE
o Perfect stem (for passive voice): find the fourth principal part,
make sure to match its adjectival endings (-us, -a, -um) to the
gender of the verb’s subject: (ductus ______, ducta ______,
or ductum ______)
 Now study this PRESENT (tense), passive (voice), indicative
(mood) paradigm of the third conjugation verb dūcere, to lead.
The additional vowel needed for 3rd conjugation will be in red.
The traditional personal endings will appear in boldfaced blue.
singular
plural
1st person
ʼ
2nd person
dūcōr
dūcimur
dūceris
dūciminī
3rd person
dūcitur
dūcuntur
 Now look at this IMPERFECT (tense), passive (voice), indicative
(mood) paradigm of the third conjugation verb dūcere, to lead. The
additional vowel needed for 3rd conjugation will be in red. The
endings will appear in boldfaced blue.
singular
plural
1st person
dūcēbar
dūcēbāmur
2nd person
dūcēbāris
dūcēbāminī
3rd person
dūcēbatur
dūcēbantur
ii
THIRD CONJUGATION PASSIVE
 Now look at this FUTURE (tense), passive (voice), indicative (mood)
paradigm of the third conjugation verb dūcere, to lead. The new
future endings will appear in boldfaced blue. N.B. You will NOT
use the endings –bō, bis, bit,bimus, bitis, bunt for either the 3rd or 4th
conjugations.
singular
plural
1st person
dūcar
dūcēmur
2nd person
dūcēris
dūcēminī
3rd person
dūcētur
dūcēntur
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THIRD CONJUGATION PASSIVE
PERFECT SYSTEM: PASSIVE VOICE, INDICATIVE MOOD
PASSIVE
VOICE
1st
Conjugation
2nd
Conjugation
3rd
Conjugation
3rd-io
Conjugation
4th
Conjugation
Pres. stem (+
vowel) + endings
Pres. stem (+
vowel) + endings
Pres. stem (+
vowel) + endings
Pres. stem (+
vowel) + endings
Pres. stem (+
vowel) + endings
1 singular
2
3
1 plural
2
3
IMPERFECT
par-or
parā-ris (-re)
para-tur
parā-muur
parā-mini
para-ntur
doce-or
docē-ris (-re)
doce-tur
docē-mur
docē-minī
doce-ntur
reg-or
reg-e-ris (-re)
reg-i-tur
reg-i-mur
reg-i-minī
reg-u-ntur
capi-or
capi-eris (-re)
capi-tur
capi-mur
capi-minī
capi-ant
audi-or
audī-ris (-re)
audī-tur
audī-mur
audī-minī
audi-ntur
Pres. stem +
tense sign +
ending
Pres. stem +
tense sign +
ending
Pres. stem (+
vowel) + tense sign
+ endings
Pres. stem (+
vowel) + tense sign
+ endings
Pres. stem (+
vowel) + tense sign
+ endings
1 singular
2
parā-ba-r
parā-bā-ris (re)
parā-bā-tur
parā-bā-mur
parā-bā-minī
para-ba-ntur
docē-ba-r
docē-bā-ris (re)
docē-bā-tur
docē-bā-mur
docē-bā-minī
docē-ba-ntur
reg-ē-ba-r
reg-ē-bā-ris (re)
reg-ē-bā-tur
reg-ē-bā-mur
reg-ē-bā-minī
reg-ē-ba-ntur
capi-ē-ba-r
capi-ē-bā-ris (re)
capi-ē-bā-tur
capi-ē-bā-mur
capi-ē-bā-minī
capi-ē-ba-ntur
audi-ē-ba-r
audi-ē-bā-ris (re)
audi-ē-bā-tur
audi-ē-bā-mur
audi-ē-bā-minī
audi-ē-ba-ntur
Pres. stem +
tense sign +
ending
Pres. stem +
tense sign +
ending
Pres. stem +
tense sign +
ending
Pres. stem +
tense sign +
ending
Pres. stem +
tense sign +
ending
parā-b-or
parā-bē-ris (re)
parā-bi-tur
parā-bi-mur
parā-bi-minī
parā-bu-ntur
docē-b-or
docē-bē-ris (re)
docē-bi-tur
docē-bi-mur
docē-bi-minī
docē-bu-ntur
reg-a-r
reg-ē-ris (-re)
capi-a-r
capi-ē-ris (-re)
audī-a-r
audī-ē-ris (-re)
reg-ē-tur
reg-ē-mur
reg-ē-minī
reg-e-ntur
capi-ē-tur
capi-ē-mur
capi-ē-minī
capi-e-ntur
audī-ē-tur
audī-ē-mur
audī-ē-minī
audī-e-ntur
PRESENT
3
1 plural
2
3
FUTURE
1 singular
2
3
1 plural
2
3
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THIRD CONJUGATION PASSIVE
 PERFECT SYSTEM SYNOPSIS: Now study this perfect system
(tenses), passive (voice), indicative (mood) synopsis of the second
conjugation verb docēre, to teach, done in the third person.
singular
plural
PERFECT
PLUPERFECT
FUT. PERFECT
ductus est
he (has) been led
ducta erat
she had been led
ductum erit
it will have been led
ductī sunt
they were (have been) led
ductae erant
they had been led
ducta erunt
they will have been led
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THIRD CONJUGATION PASSIVE
PERFECT SYSTEM: PASSIVE VOICE, INDICATIVE MOOD
PASSIVE
VOICE
1st
Conjugation
2nd
Conjugation
3rd
Conjugation
3rd-io
Conjugation
4th
Conjugation
PERFECT
4 principal
part + present
forms of esse
parātus sum
parātus es
parātus est
parātī sumus
parātī estis
parātī sunt
4 principal
part + present
forms of esse
docta sum
docta es
docta est
doctae sumus
doctae estis
doctae sunt
4 principal
part + present
forms of esse
rectum sum
rectum es
rectum est
recta sumus
recta estis
recta sunt
4 principal
part + present
forms of esse
captus sum
captus es
captus est
captī sumus
captī estis
captī sunt
4 principal
part + present
forms of esse
audita sum
audita es
audita est
auditae sumus
auditae estis
auditae sunt
1 singular
2
3
1 plural
4 principal
part +
imperfect
forms of esse
parātus eram
parātus erās
parātus erat
parātī erāmus
parātī erātis
parātī erant
4 principal
part + future
forms of esse
parātus erō
parātus eris
parātus erit
parātī erimus
4 principal
part +
imperfect
forms of esse
docta eram
docta erās
docta erat
doctae erāmus
doctae erātis
doctae erant
4 principal
part + future
forms of esse
docta erō
docta eris
docta erit
doctae erimus
4 principal
part +
imperfect
forms of esse
rectum eram
rectum erās
rectum erat
recta erāmus
recta erātis
recta erant
4 principal
part + future
forms of esse
rectum erō
rectum eris
rectum erit
recta erimus
4 principal
part +
imperfect
forms of esse
auditus eram
auditus erās
auditus erat
auditī erāmus
auditī erātis
auditī erant
4 principal
part + future
forms of esse
auditus erō
auditus eris
auditus erit
auditī erimus
2
3
parātī eritis
parātī erunt
doctae eritis
doctae erunt
recta eritis
recta erunt
4 principal
part +
imperfect
forms of esse
capta eram
capta erās
capta erat
captae erāmus
captae erātis
captae erant
4 principal
part + future
forms of esse
capta erō
capta eris
capta erit
captae
essēmus
captae eritis
captae erunt
1 singular
2
3
1 plural
2
3
PLUPERFECT
1 singular
2
3
1 plural
2
3
FUTURE
PERFECT
auditī eritis
auditī erunt
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THIRD CONJUGATION PASSIVE
The 3rd Conjugation I-Stem verbs / “3rd-IO” Verbs
 There is a subset of third conjugation verbs whose present stems end
in –i. These are called third conjugation i-stem verbs or “third-io”
verbs.
 Such verbs are conjugated exactly as other third conjugation verbs
except for the additional –i found at the end of the present stem for
virtually all of the present system forms.
 Consider the verb capiō, capere, cēpī, captum, to capture, seize.
The –ere of the second principal part identifies this as a verb of the
third conjugation. The additional –i seen in the first principal part
identifies it as being i-stem or third-io.
 Now study this PRESENT (tense), passive (voice), indicative (mood)
paradigm of the third conjugation verb iaciō, iacere, iēcī, iactum, to
throw. The additional vowel needed for 3rd conjugation will be in red.
The endings will appear in boldfaced blue.
singular
plural
1st person
iaciōr
iacimur
2nd person
iaceris
iaciminī
3rd person
iacitur
iaciuntur
vii
THIRD CONJUGATION PASSIVE
 Now study this IMPERFECT (tense), passive (voice), indicative
(mood) paradigm of the third conjugation verb iacere, to throw. The
additional vowel needed for 3rd conjugation will be in red. The
endings will appear in boldfaced blue.
singular
plural
1st person
iaciēbar
iaciēbāmur
2nd person
iaciēbāris
iaciēbāminī
3rd person
iaciēbatur
iaciēbantur
 Now study this FUTURE (tense), active (voice), indicative (mood)
paradigm of the third conjugation verb iacere, to throw. The new
future endings will appear in boldfaced blue. N.B. You will NOT
use the endings –bō, bis, bit,bimus, bitis, bunt.
singular
plural
1st person
iaciar
iaciēmur
2nd person
iaciēris
iaciēminī
3rd person
iacietur
iaciēntur
 PERFECT SYSTEM SYNOPSIS: Now study this perfect system
(tenses), active (voice), indicative (mood) synopsis of the third
conjugation i-stem verb iacēre, to throw, done in the third person. In
the perfect system, i-stem verbs are consistent with all conjugations.
singular
plural
PERFECT
PLUPERFECT
FUT. PERFECT
iactus est
iacta erat
iactum erit
iactī sunt
iactae erant
iacta erunt
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