Chrysler LLC
Construction Standards
12/17/04
SECTION 04810 - UNIT MASONRY ASSEMBLIES - INTERIOR
PART 1 - GENERAL
1.1
SUMMARY
This Section includes interior partitions of concrete unit masonry.
Products furnished but not installed under this Section include the following:
Division 5 Section "Metal Fabrications" for anchor sections of adjustable masonry anchors for
connecting to structural frame.
Products installed but not furnished under this Section include the following:
Division 5 Section "Metal Fabrications" for steel lintels.
Division 6 Section "Miscellaneous Carpentry." for wood nailers and blocking.
1.2
SUBMITTALS
Product data for each different masonry unit, accessory, and other manufactured product specified.
1.3
QUALITY ASSURANCE
Fire-Resistance Ratings: Where indicated, provide materials and construction identical to those of
assemblies with fire resistance ratings determined per ASTM E 119 by a testing and inspecting
agency, by equivalent concrete masonry thickness, or by another means, as acceptable to
authorities having jurisdiction.
Single-Source Responsibility for Masonry Units: Obtain exposed masonry units of a uniform texture
and color, or a uniform blend within the ranges accepted for these characteristics, from one
source and by a single manufacturer for each different product required.
Single-Source Responsibility for Mortar Materials: Obtain mortar ingredients of a uniform quality,
including color for exposed masonry, from one manufacturer for each cementitious component
and from one source or producer for each aggregate.
1.4
DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING
Store masonry units on elevated platforms, under cover, and in a dry location to prevent their
deterioration or damage due to moisture, temperature changes, contaminants, corrosion, and
other causes. If units become wet, do not install until they are in an air-dried condition.
Store cementitious materials on elevated platforms, under cover, and in a dry location.
Store aggregates where grading and other required characteristics can be maintained and
contamination avoided.
Store masonry accessories, including metal items, to prevent corrosion and accumulation of dirt and
oil.
1.5
PROJECT CONDITIONS
Protection of Masonry: During erection of masonry exposed to the weather, cover tops of walls,
projections, and sills with waterproof sheeting at end of each day's work. Cover partially
completed masonry when construction is not in progress.
Extend cover a minimum of 24 inches down both sides and hold cover securely in place.
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Do not apply uniform floor or roof loads for at least 12 hours and concentrated loads for at least 3 days
after building masonry walls or columns.
Stain Prevention: Prevent grout, mortar, and soil from staining the face of masonry to be left exposed
or painted. Immediately remove grout, mortar, and soil that come in contact with such masonry.
Protect base of walls from rain-splashed mud and mortar splatter by coverings spread on
ground and over wall surface.
Protect sills, ledges, and projections from mortar droppings.
Protect surfaces of window and door frames, as well as similar products with painted and
integral finishes, from mortar droppings.
Turn scaffold boards near the wall on edge at the end of each day to prevent rain from splashing
mortar and dirt on completed masonry.
Cold-Weather Requirements: Do not use frozen materials or materials mixed or coated with ice or
frost. Do not build on frozen subgrade or setting beds. Remove and replace unit masonry
damaged by frost or freezing conditions. Comply with the following requirements:
Cold-Weather Construction: When the ambient temperature is within the limits indicated, use
the following procedures:
40 to 32 deg F: Heat mixing water or sand to produce mortar temperatures between 40
and 120 deg F.
32 to 25 deg F: Heat mixing water and sand to produce mortar temperatures between 40
and 120 deg F. Heat grout materials to produce grout temperatures between 40
and 120 deg F. Maintain mortar and grout above freezing until used in masonry.
25 to 20 deg F: Heat mixing water and sand to produce mortar temperatures between 40
and 120 deg F. Heat grout materials to produce grout temperatures between 40
and 120 deg F. Maintain mortar and grout above freezing until used in masonry.
Heat masonry units to 40 deg F if grouting. Use heat on both sides of walls under
construction.
20 deg F and Below: Heat mixing water and sand to produce mortar temperatures
between 40 and 120 deg F. Heat grout materials to produce grout temperatures
between 40 and 120 deg F. Maintain mortar and grout above freezing until used in
masonry. Heat masonry units to 40 deg F. Provide enclosures and use heat on
both sides of walls under construction to maintain temperatures above 32 deg F
within the enclosures.
Cold-Weather Protection: When the mean daily temperature is within the limits indicated,
provide the following protection:
40 to 25 deg F: Cover masonry with a weather-resistant membrane for 48 hours after
construction.
25 to 20 deg F: Cover masonry with insulating blankets or provide enclosure and heat for
48 hours after construction to prevent freezing. Install wind breaks when wind
velocity exceeds 15 mi./h.
20 deg F and Below: Provide enclosure and heat to maintain temperatures above 32
deg F within the enclosure for 48 hours after construction.
Cold-Weather Cleaning: Use liquid cleaning methods only when air temperature is 40 deg F
and above and will remain so until masonry has dried out, but not less than 7 days after
completion of cleaning.
Hot-Weather Requirements: Protect unit masonry work when temperature and humidity conditions
produce excessive evaporation of water from mortar and grout. Provide artificial shade and
wind breaks and use cooled materials as required. Do not apply mortar to substrates with
temperatures of 100 deg F and above.
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1
MANUFACTURERS
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Construction Standards
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Manufacturers: Unless otherwise directed by the Owner, provide products by one of the following:
Joint Reinforcement, Ties, and Anchors:
Dur-O-Wal, Inc.
Heckman Building Products, Inc.
Hohmann & Barnard, Inc.
Masonry Reinforcing Corp. of America.
National Wire Products Industries.
Southern Construction Products.
2.2
CONCRETE MASONRY UNITS
General: Provide shapes indicated and as follows for each form of concrete masonry unit required.
Provide special shapes for lintels, corners, jambs, sash, control joints, headers, bonding, and
other special conditions.
Provide bullnose units for outside corners, unless otherwise indicated.
Concrete Masonry Units: ASTM C 90 and as follows:
Unit Compressive Strength: Provide units with minimum average net-area compressive strength
indicated below:
1900 psi.
Weight Classification: Lightweight.
Aggregates: Do not use aggregates made from pumice, scoria, or tuff.
Provide Type I, moisture-controlled units.
Exposed Faces: Manufacturer's standard color and texture, unless otherwise indicated.
Acoustic Units: Units shall meet the requirements of ASTM C 90, normal weight class. Units shall
have inserts installed by the unit manufacturer at the plant.
Where units have sound-absorbing filler, the fillers shall be fabricated of incombustible fibrous
material with a metal septa laminated to one side. Filler shall be installed in the cavities of
the units with the septa facing away from the slots.
Where units do not have sound-absorbing filler, only the metal septum shall be installed.
Products:
Proudfoot Co.; Soundblox
Trenwyth Industries, Inc.; Acousta-Wal
2.3
MORTAR AND GROUT MATERIALS
Portland Cement: ASTM C 150, Type I or II, except Type III may be used for cold-weather
construction. Provide natural color cement unless otherwise directed by the Architect.
Masonry Cement: ASTM C 91.
Hydrated Lime: ASTM C 207, Type S.
Portland Cement-Lime Mix: Packaged blend of portland cement complying with ASTM C 150, Type I
or Type III, and hydrated lime complying with ASTM C 207.
Aggregate for Mortar: ASTM C 144; except for joints less than 1/4 inch, use aggregate graded with
100 percent passing the No. 16 sieve.
Aggregate for Grout: ASTM C 404.
Ready-Mixed Mortar: Cementitious materials, water, and aggregate complying with requirements
specified in this Article; combined with set-controlling admixtures to produce a ready-mixed
mortar complying with ASTM C 1142.
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Cold-Weather Admixture:
Nonchloride, noncorrosive, accelerating admixture complying with
ASTM C 494, Type C, and recommended by the manufacturer for use in masonry mortar of
composition indicated.
Water: Potable.
Products: Subject to compliance with requirements, provide one of the following:
Cold-Weather Admixture:
Accelguard 80; Euclid Chemical Co.
Morset; Grace: W.R. Grace & Co.
Water-Repellent Admixture:
Dry-Block Mortar Admixture; Grace: W.R. Grace & Co.
2.4
REINFORCING STEEL
Steel Reinforcing Bars: Material and grade as follows:
Billet steel complying with ASTM A 615.
Epoxy-coated billet steel complying with ASTM A 615 and ASTM A 775.
Grade 60.
2.5
JOINT REINFORCEMENT
General: Provide joint reinforcement formed from the following:
Galvanized carbon-steel wire, coating class as follows:
ASTM A 153, Class B-2, for both interior and exterior walls.
Description: Welded-wire units prefabricated with deformed continuous side rods and plain cross rods
into straight lengths of not less than 10 feet, with prefabricated corner and tee units, and
complying with requirements indicated below:
Wire Diameter for Side Rods: 0.1875 inch.
Wire Diameter for Cross Rods: 0.1875 inch.
For single-wythe masonry, provide type as follows with single pair of side rods:
Truss design with continuous diagonal cross rods spaced not more than 16 inches o.c.
2.6
TIES AND ANCHORS, GENERAL
General: Provide ties and anchors specified in subsequent articles that comply with requirements for
metal and size of this Article, unless otherwise indicated.
Steel Plates and Bars: ASTM A 36, hot-dip galvanized to comply with ASTM A 153, Class B-1, B-2, or
B-3, as applicable to size and form indicated.
2.7
ADJUSTABLE ANCHORS FOR CONNECTING TO STRUCTURAL FRAME
General: Provide 2-piece assemblies as described below, allowing vertical or horizontal differential
movement between wall and frame parallel to plane of wall but resisting tension and
compression forces perpendicular to it.
For anchorage to steel framing, provide manufacturer's standard anchors with crimped 1/4-inchdiameter wire anchor section for welding to steel and triangular-shaped wire tie section
sized to extend within 1 inch of masonry face and as follows:
Wire Diameter: 0.1875 inch.
2.8
RIGID ANCHORS
General: Fabricate from steel bars as follows:
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Construction Standards
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1-1/2 inches wide by 1/4 inch thick by 24 inches long, with ends turned up 2 inches or with cross
pins.
2.9
MISCELLANEOUS MASONRY ACCESSORIES
Compressible Filler: Premolded filler strips complying with ASTM D 1056, Type 2, Class A, Grade 1;
compressible up to 35 percent; of width and thickness indicated; formulated from the following
material:
Neoprene.
Preformed Control-Joint Gaskets: Material as indicated below, designed to fit standard sash block and
to maintain lateral stability in masonry wall; size and configuration as indicated.
Styrene-Butadiene Rubber Compound: ASTM D 2000, Designation M2AA-805.
Bond-Breaker Strips: Asphalt-saturated, organic roofing felt complying with ASTM D 226, Type I
(No. 15 asphalt felt).
Masonry Cell Insulation: Foamed-in-place, 2-component polymer compound, formaldehyde-free;
petrochemical-free; CFC-free; noncorrosive; installed by manufacturer-certified installer.
Thermal Resistance: Not less than 4.5 per ASTM C177.
Water Vapor Permeability: Minimum 14 perms per ASTM C355.
Fire Characteristics when tested per ASTM E84:
Flame Spread: 20 max.
Smoke Developed: 150 max.
Fuel Contributed: 0.
Manufacturers:
C.P. Chemical Co. Inc.
Jesco, Inc.
Tailored Chemical Products, Inc.
Thermal Corp. of America.
2.10
MASONRY CLEANERS
Job-Mixed Detergent Solution: Solution of 1/2-cup dry measure tetrasodium polyphosphate and 1/2cup dry measure laundry detergent dissolved in 1 gal. of water.
2.11
MORTAR AND GROUT MIXES
General: Do not use admixtures, including pigments, air-entraining agents, accelerators, retarders,
water-repellent agents, antifreeze compounds, or other admixtures, unless otherwise indicated.
Do not use calcium chloride in mortar or grout.
Add cold-weather admixture (if used) at the same rate for all mortar, regardless of weather
conditions, in order to ensure that mortar color is consistent.
Mortar for Unit Masonry: Comply with ASTM C 270, Proportion Specification, for job-mixed mortar;
and ASTM C 1142 for ready-mixed mortar, Type S or RS.
Grout for Unit Masonry: Comply with ASTM C 476. Use grout of consistency indicated or, if not
otherwise indicated, of consistency (fine or coarse) at time of placement that will completely fill
spaces intended to receive grout.
Use fine grout in grout spaces less than 2 inches in horizontal dimension, unless otherwise
indicated.
Use coarse grout in grout spaces 2 inches or more in least horizontal dimension, unless
otherwise indicated.
PART 3 - EXECUTION
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3.1
INSTALLATION, GENERAL
Build chases and recesses to accommodate items specified in this and other Sections of the
Specifications.
Leave openings for equipment to be installed before completion of masonry. After installing
equipment, complete masonry to match construction immediately adjacent to the opening.
Cut masonry units with motor-driven saws to provide clean, sharp, unchipped edges. Cut units as
required to provide continuous pattern and to fit adjoining construction. Use full-size units
without cutting, where possible. Allow units cut with water-cooled saws to dry before placing,
unless wetting of units is specified. Install cut units with cut surfaces and, where possible, cut
edges concealed.
3.2
CONSTRUCTION TOLERANCES
Variation from Plumb: For vertical lines and surfaces of columns, walls, and arises, do not exceed 1/4
inch in 10 feet, nor 3/8 inch in 20 feet, nor 1/2 inch in 40 feet or more. For external corners,
expansion joints, control joints, and other conspicuous lines, do not exceed 1/4 inch in 20 feet,
nor 1/2 inch in 40 feet or more. For vertical alignment of head joints, do not exceed plus or
minus 1/4 inch in 10 feet, nor 1/2 inch maximum.
Variation from Level: For bed joints and lines of exposed lintels, sills, parapets, horizontal grooves,
and other conspicuous lines, do not exceed 1/4 inch in 20 feet, nor 1/2 inch in 40 feet or more.
For top surface of bearing walls, do not exceed 1/8 inch in 10 feet, nor 1/16 inch within width of a
single unit.
Variation of Linear Building Line: For position shown in plan and related portion of columns, walls, and
partitions, do not exceed 1/2 inch in 20 feet, nor 3/4 inch in 40 feet or more.
Variation in Cross-Sectional Dimensions: For columns and thickness of walls, from dimensions
shown, do not exceed minus 1/4 inch nor plus 1/2 inch.
Variation in Mortar-Joint Thickness: Do not vary from bed-joint thickness indicated by more than plus
or minus 1/8 inch, with a maximum thickness limited to 1/2 inch. Do not vary bed-joint thickness
from bed-joint thickness of adjacent course by more than 1/8 inch. Do not vary from head-joint
thickness indicated by more than plus or minus 1/8 inch. Do not vary head-joint thickness from
adjacent head-joint thickness by more than 1/8 inch. Do not vary from collar-joint thickness
indicated by more than minus 1/4 inch or plus 3/8 inch.
3.3
LAYING MASONRY WALLS
Lay out walls in advance for accurate spacing of surface bond patterns with uniform joint widths and for
accurate locating of openings, movement-type joints, returns, and offsets. Avoid the use of lessthan-half-size units at corners, jambs, and where possible at other locations.
Lay walls to comply with specified construction tolerances, with courses accurately spaced and
coordinated with other construction.
Bond Pattern for Exposed Masonry: Lay exposed masonry in the following bond pattern; do not use
units with less than nominal 4-inch horizontal face dimensions at corners or jambs.
One-half running bond with vertical joint in each course centered on units in courses above and
below.
Lay concealed masonry with all units in a wythe in running bond or bonded by lapping not less than 2
inches. Bond and interlock each course of each wythe at corners. Do not use units with less
than nominal 4-inch horizontal face dimensions at corners or jambs.
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Stopping and Resuming Work: In each course, rack back 1/2-unit length for one-half running bond or
1/3-unit length for one-third running bond; do not tooth. Clean exposed surfaces of set masonry,
wet clay masonry units lightly if required, and remove loose masonry units and mortar prior to
laying fresh masonry.
Built-in Work: As construction progresses, build-in items specified under this and other Sections of the
Specifications. Fill in solidly with masonry around built-in items.
Fill space between hollow metal frames and masonry solidly with mortar, unless otherwise indicated.
At exterior frames, insert extruded polystyrene board insulation around perimeter of frame in
thickness indicated, but not less than 3/4 inch to act as a thermal break between frame
and masonry.
Where built-in items are to be embedded in cores of hollow masonry units, place a layer of metal lath
in the joint below and rod mortar or grout into core.
Fill cores in hollow concrete masonry units with grout 24 inches under bearing plates, beams, lintels,
posts, and similar items, unless otherwise indicated.
Build nonload-bearing interior partitions full height of story to underside of solid floor or roof structure
above and as follows:
Install compressible filler in joint between top of partition and underside of structure above.
Acoustical Units: Lay with the open ends of the cavities facing downward. Slots shall be to the side as
indicated or directed; exposed to the area where the sound absorption is desired. Care shall be
taken to keep the slots free of mortar or debris above the mortar joints. Lines shall be straight
and true.
3.4
MORTAR BEDDING AND JOINTING
Lay hollow concrete masonry units as follows:
With full mortar coverage on horizontal and vertical face shells.
Bed webs in mortar in starting course on footings and in all courses of piers, columns, and
pilasters, and where adjacent to cells or cavities to be filled with grout.
For starting course on footings where cells are not grouted, spread out full mortar bed, including
areas under cells.
Maintain joint widths indicated, except for minor variations required to maintain bond alignment.
If not indicated, lay walls with 3/8-inch joints.
Tool exposed joints slightly concave when thumbprint hard, using a jointer larger than joint thickness,
unless otherwise indicated.
3.5
HORIZONTAL-JOINT REINFORCEMENT
General: Provide continuous horizontal-joint reinforcement as indicated. Install entire length of
longitudinal side rods in mortar with a minimum cover of 5/8 inch on exterior side of walls, 1/2
inch elsewhere. Lap reinforcing a minimum of 6 inches.
Space reinforcement not more than 16 inches o.c.
Space reinforcement not more than 8 inches o.c. in foundation walls and parapet walls.
Provide reinforcement in mortar joint 1 block course above and below wall openings and
extending 12 inches beyond opening. Reinforcement is in addition to continuous
reinforcement.
Cut or interrupt joint reinforcement at control and expansion joints, unless otherwise indicated.
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Provide continuity at corners and wall intersections by using prefabricated "L" and "T" sections. Cut
and bend reinforcement units as directed by manufacturer for continuity at returns, offsets,
column fireproofing, pipe enclosures, and other special conditions.
3.6
ANCHORING MASONRY TO STRUCTURAL MEMBERS
Anchor masonry to structural members where masonry abuts or faces structural members to comply
with the following:
Provide an open space not less than 1 inch in width between masonry and structural member,
unless otherwise indicated. Keep open space free of mortar or other rigid materials.
Anchor masonry to structural members with flexible anchors embedded in masonry joints and
attached to structure.
Space anchors as indicated, but not more than 24 inches o.c. vertically and 36 inches o.c.
horizontally.
3.7
CONTROL AND EXPANSION JOINTS
General: Install control and expansion joints in unit masonry where indicated. Build-in related items as
the masonry progresses. Do not form a continuous span through movement joints unless
provisions are made to prevent in-plane restraint of wall or partition movement.
Form control joints in concrete masonry as follows:
Fit bond-breaker strips into hollow contour in ends of block units on one side of control joint. Fill
the resultant core with grout and rake joints in exposed faces.
Install temporary foam plastic filler in head joints and remove when unit masonry is complete.
3.8
LINTELS
Install steel lintels where indicated.
Provide masonry lintels where shown and where openings of more than 12 inches for brick size units
and 24 inches for block size units are shown without structural steel or other supporting lintels.
Provide precast lintels made from concrete matching concrete masonry units in color, texture,
and compressive strength and with reinforcement bars indicated or required to support
loads indicated. Cure precast lintels by same method as CMU.
Provide prefabricated or built-in-place masonry lintels. Use specially formed bond beam units
with reinforcement bars placed as indicated and filled with coarse grout. Cure precast
lintels before handling and installing. Temporarily support built-in-place lintels until cured.
Provide either of above at Contractor's option or provide precast or formed-in-place concrete
lintels complying with requirements of Division 3 Section "Cast-in-Place Concrete."
Provide minimum bearing of 8 inches at each jamb, unless otherwise indicated.
3.9
MASONRY-CELL INSULATION
Foamed-in-Place Insulation shall be installed by manufacturer-certified installers in compliance with
manufacturer’s printed instructions. Installation shall not begin until installation drawings
detailing methods and locations are submitted and receive written acceptance from Architect.
Install insulation from top of cores or holes drilled on interior wall face, unless otherwise directed.
Inspection Holes: Drill inspection holes upon request. If inspection holes indicate less than
complete filling of CMU cores, fill the voids discovered, and modify installation methods
as necessary until inspections indicate complete filling.
Prior to filling injection holes, inform Construction Manager when the work is ready for thermal
imaging inspection.
After approval, fill holes related to insulation installation with mortar. Where holes occur in
exposed painted masonry, there shall be no visible evidence of patching when painting is
complete.
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3.10
REPAIRING, POINTING, AND CLEANING
Remove and replace masonry units that are loose, chipped, broken, stained, or otherwise damaged or
if units do not match adjoining units. Install new units to match adjoining units; install in fresh
mortar or grout, pointed to eliminate evidence of replacement.
Pointing: During the tooling of joints, enlarge voids and holes, except weep holes, and completely fill
with mortar. Point-up joints, including corners, openings, and adjacent construction, to provide a
neat, uniform appearance. Prepare joints for application of sealants.
In-Progress Cleaning: Clean unit masonry as work progresses by dry brushing to remove mortar fins
and smears prior to tooling joints.
Final Cleaning: After mortar is thoroughly set and cured, clean exposed masonry as follows:
Remove large mortar particles by hand with wooden paddles and nonmetallic scrape hoes or
chisels.
Clean concrete masonry by cleaning method indicated in NCMA TEK 8-2 applicable to type of
stain present on exposed surfaces.
Protection: Provide final protection and maintain conditions that ensure unit masonry is without
damage and deterioration at time of Substantial Completion.
3.11
MASONRY WASTE DISPOSAL
Masonry Waste: Remove masonry waste and legally dispose of off Owner's property.
END OF SECTION
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