四级预测卷六
Part Ⅰ Writing
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a
short essay entitled Man Proposes, God Disposes. You should write at
least 120 words following the outline given bellow:
1．怎样理解“谋事在人，成事在天”
2．举例说明
3．结论
Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)
Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the
passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For
questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),
B), C) and D). For question 8-10, complete the sentences with the
information given in the passage.
New Year Traditions
"Happy New Year!", that greeting will be said and heard for at
least the first couple of weeks as a new year gets under way. But the
day celebrated as New Year's Day in modern America was not always
January 1.
Ancient New Years
The celebration of the New Year is the oldest of all holidays. It
was first observed in ancient Babylon about 4000 years ago. In the
years around 2000 BC, the Babylonian New Year began with the first
New Moon (actually the first visible crescent) after the Vernal
Equinox (first day of spring).
The beginning of spring is a logical time to start a new year.
After all, it is the season of rebirth, of planting new crops, and of
'blossoming. January 1, on the other hand, has no astronomical or
agricultural significance. It is purely arbitrary.
The Babylonian New Year celebration lasted for eleven days. Each
day had its own particular mode of celebration, but it is safe to say
that modern New Year's Eve festivities pale in comparison.
The Romans continued to observe the New Year in late March, but
their calendar was continually tampered with by various emperors so
that the calendar soon became out of synchronization with the sun.
In order to set the calendar right, the Roman senate, in 153 BC,
declared January 1 to be the beginning of the New Year. But tampering
continued until Julius Caesar, in 46 BC, established what has come to
be known as The Julian Calendar. It again established January i as
the New Year. But in order to synchronize the calendar with the sun,
Caesar had to let the previous year drag on for 445 days.
The Church's View of New Year Celebration
Although in the first centuries A. D. the Romans continued
celebrating the New Year, the early Catholic Church condemned the
festivities as paganism. But as Christianity became more widespread,
the early church began having its own religious observances
concurrently with many of the pagan celebrations, and New Year's Day
was no different. New Year is still observed as the Feast of Christ's
Circumcision by some denominations.
During the Middle Ages, the Church remained opposed to
celebrating New Years. January 1 has been celebrated as a holiday by
Western nations for only about the past 400 years.
New Year Traditions
Other traditions of the season include the making of New Year's
resolutions. That tradition also dates back to the early Babylonians.
Popular modern resolutions might include the promise to lose weight
or quit smoking. The early Babylonian's most popular resolution was
to return borrowed farm equipment.
The Tournament of Roses Parade dates back to 1886. In that year,
members of the Valley Hunt Club decorated their carriages with
flowers. It celebrated the ripening of the orange crop in California.
Although the Rose Bowl football game was first played as a part
of the Tournament of Roses in 1902, it was replaced by Roman chariot
races the following year. In 1916, the football game returned as the
sports centerpiece of the festival.
The tradition of using a baby to signify the New Year was begun
in Greece around 600 B. C. It was their tradition at that time to
celebrate their god of wine, Dionysus, by parading a baby in a basket,
representing the annual rebirth of that god as the spirit of
fertility. Early Egyptians also used a baby as a symbol of rebirth.
Although the early Christians criticized the practice as pagan,
the popularity of the baby as a symbol of rebirth forced the Church
to reconsider its position. The Church finally allowed its members to
celebrate the New Year with a baby, which was to symbolize the birth
of the baby Jesus.
The use of an image of a baby with a New Year's banner as a
symbolic representation of the New Year was brought to early America
by the Germans. They had used the image since the fourteenth century.
For Luck in the New Year
Traditionally, it was thought that one could affect the luck they
would have throughout the coming year by what they did or ate on the
first day of the year. For that reason, it has become common for
folks to celebrate the first few minutes of a brand new year in the
company of family and friends. Parties often last into the middle of
the night after the ringing in of a new year. It was once believed
that the first visitor on New Year's Day would bring either good luck
or bad luck the rest of the year. It was particularly lucky if that
visitor happened to be a tall dark-haired man.
Traditional New Year foods are also thought to bring luck. Many
cultures believe that anything in the shape of a ring is good luck,
because it symbolizes "coming full circle," completing a year's cycle.
For that reason, the Dutch believe that eating donuts on New Year's
Day will bring good fortune.
Many parts of the U. S. celebrate the New Year by consuming
black-eyed peas. These legumes are typically accompanied by either
hog jowls or ham. Black-eyed peas and other legumes have been
considered good luck in many cultures. The hog, and thus its meat, is
considered lucky because it symbolizes prosperity. Cabbage is another
"good luck" vegetable that is consumed on New Year's Day by many.
Cabbage leaves are also considered a sign of prosperity, being
representative of paper currency. In some regions, rice is a lucky
food that is eaten on New Year's Day.
Auld Lang Syne
The song, "Auld Lang Syne," playing in the background, is sung at
the stroke of midnight in almost every English-speaking country in
the world to bring in the New Year. At least partially written by
Robert Burns in the 1700's, it was first published in 1796 after
Burns~ death. Early variations of the song were sung prior to 1700
and inspired Burns to produce the modern rendition. An old Scotch
tune, "Auld Lang Syne" literally means "old long since," or simply,
"the good old days".
1. Which of the following is NOT true about the New Year?
A) It was first celebrated in Babylon. B) It was first celebrated
about 4,000 years ago.
C) It was the oldest of all holidays. D) It has always been
celebrated on January 1st.
2. The beginning of spring is a logical time to start a new year
because
A) it is the most beautiful season B) people are less busy in
this season
C) it is a season of rebirth D) people are ready to harvest crops
st
3. When was January 1 eventually established as the beginning of
the New Year?
A) Around 2000 B. C.. B) 4,000 years ago.
C) 153 B. C.. D) 46 B. C..
4. What was the early Catholics' attitude towards New Year
celebrations?
A) They were opposed. B) They were supportive.
C) They were indifferent. D) They were friendly.
5. The New Year traditions include the following EXCEPT ______.
A) making New Year resolutions B) lending farm tools to neighbors
C) the Tournament of Roses Parade D) using a baby to signify the
New Year
6. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as lucky food
according to the passage?
A) Wheat. B) Rice. C) Cabbage. D) Donut.
7. The song "Auld Lang Syne" dates back to ______.
A) 15th century B) 16th century C) 18th century D) 19th century
8. January 1 has been celebrated as a holiday by Western nations
for only about ______.
9. The use of an image of a baby with ______ as a symbolic
representation of the New Year was brought to early America by the
Germans.
10. It was once believed that the first visitor on New Year's Day
would bring either good luck or bad luck the rest of the year. It was
particularly lucky if that visitor happened to be ______.
Part Ⅲ Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations
and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or
more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the
conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each
question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the
four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best
answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a
single line through the centre.
11. A) Use one dressing table for studying.
B) Study the structure of the dressing table.
C) Put the dressing table into the study room.
D) Exchange the dressing table for a study desk.
12. A) She has to post the memo instead. B) She has to turn down
the man's request.
C) She's not sure if the computer is fixed. D) She can't send the
memo right now.
13. A) In a classroom. B) In a library.
C) In a bookstore. D) In a cafeteria.
14. A) She is in a meeting. B) She is on the phone.
C) She is engaged for the moment. D) She is in the middle of her
cooking.
15. A) Get the books she needs.
B) Make sure the hotel is expecting him.
C) Make sure the time of the party is confirmed.
D) Call and ask about hotel rooms.
16. A) They have already chosen a president.
B) They will choose a president in a few months.
C) She thinks earlier reports that they chose a new president
were false.
D) She thinks the appointment will take effect soon.
17. A) Climb the mountains. B) Windsurf.
C) Go fishing. D) Read some books.
18. A) She cannot help the man because she is in a boat.
B) The man should ask the doorkeeper where the hall is.
C) The man should get into the same boat with her.
D) The man should go into the hall by himself.
Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just
heard.
19. A) Food canning. B) Kinds of fish.
C) A new snack food. D) A food flavoring.
20. A) Its colors. B) Its texture.
C) Its sales. D) Its taste.
21. A) To keep it longer. B) To give it a particular taste.
C) To make it rougher. D) To fasten the process.
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just
heard.
22. A) Hospital staff only. B) Many officials.
C) Many Packer Hall residents. D) The art students.
23. A) By collections made at hospital.
B) By money from sponsors.
C) By the funds from local hospitals.
D) By contributions based on the number of miles walked.
24. A) One dollar. B) Two dollars.
C) 25 cents. D) 20 cents.
25. A) Joe will keep it for himself.
B) It will be used for a new hospital.
C) It will be used by the participants.
D) It will be shared by the participants and the hospital.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At
the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the
passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a
question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices
marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on
Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.
26. A) It took place in Chicago in 1859.
B) Four cars powered by petrol took part in it.
C) Only one carmaker, Henry Ford was unable to take part in it.
D) Henry Ford had no car to take part in it.
27. A) Workers have to walk up and down along the assembly line.
B) Workers needn't move while the product is moved.
C) Many people accepted the idea of an assembly line at Henry
Ford's time.
D) Henry Ford's friends supported the idea of an assembly line.
28. A) Because he persuaded his workers to buy Model-T cars.
B) Because Model-T was ugly and always black.
C) Because Model-T was cheap but beautiful.
D) Because Model T was cheap and simple and he increased his
workers' pay to buy cars.
Passage Two
Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.
29. A) The federal government. B) Individual schools.
C) The respective states. D) Local communities.
30. A) According to the amount of college expenses they will pay.
B) According to their records in high schools.
C) According to the requirement of ages in respective states.
D) According to the scholarships the students receive.
31. A) Get help from the government. B) Get help from their own
work.
C) Get help from the local community. D) Get help from private
foundations.
Passage Three
Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
32. A) To grow beautiful flowers B) To grow a rose of new color
and win a prize.
C) To grow all kinds of flowers in the world. D) To take part in
the competition.
33. A) Because they hated Mr. Flowers.
B) Because they just wanted to play a joke on Mr. Flowers.
C) Because Mr. Flowers didn't let them watch flowers.
D) Because they were naughty.
34. A) Because he was too old to see who did it.
B) Because the boys ran too fast for him to catch.
C) Because it was impossible for him to be on guard all the time.
D) Because he was too kind to beat the boys.
35. A) Because they wanted to do what they were told not to.
B) Because the notice was closer to the path.
C) Because they hated to see the notice.
D) Because the notice was in the way.
Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times.
When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen
carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the
second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36
to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered
from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information.
For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just
heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when
the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you
have written.
A hobby can be almost anything a person likes to do in his (36)
time. Hobbyists raise pets, build (37) ships, weave baskets, or carve
soap (38) . They watch birds, hunt animals, climb (39) , raise
flowers, fish, ski, skate, and swim. Hobbyists also paint pictures
(40) concerts and plays, and perform on musical (41) . They collect
everything from books to (42) , and from shells to stamps.
People take up hobbies because these activities offer enjoyment,
friendship, knowledge, and (43) . Sometimes they even yield financial
profit. (44) . Hobbies also offer interesting activities for persons
who have retired. Anyone, rich or poor, old or young, sick or well,
can follow a satisfying hobby, regardless of his age, position, or
income.
(45) . Doctors have found that hobbies are valuable in helping
patients recover from physical or mental illnesses. Hobbies give
bedridden or wheel-chair bound patients something to do, and provide
interests that keep them from thinking about themselves. (46) .
Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks.
You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of
choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage
through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in bank is
identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each
item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may
not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.
California has more than two thousand (47) of plants that are not
found anywhere else. A new study says climate change could severely
(48) these plants by the end of the century. Many could move
northward and toward the Pacific coast in reaction to rising
temperatures and (49) in rainfall. Others might climb up mountains to
find the cooler climates they like.
But David Akeley at the University of California, Berkeley, says
the (50) of climate change is greater than during ice ages in the
past. He says plants that cannot move fast enough are in (51) of
getting killed off before they can relocate. Changes in plants could
also affect animals that depend on the plants for food.
About forty percent of all (52) plants in California are endemic,
meaning that they are found only in that state. The new study says
that for two out of three endemic plants, the areas where they are
found could (53) by more than eighty percent. That, they say, is the
worst possible case.
The researchers point out that there are many things they cannot
be sure about. That (54) how much warming to expect in the future
from (55) of heat-trapping greenhouse gases. Also, they cannot be
sure what will happen to (56) species of plants.
A) effect
B) speed
C) express
D) kinds
E) types
F) changes
G) individual
H) danger
I) includes
J) affect
K) shrink
L) sure
M) release
N) species
O) native
Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is
followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them
there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on
the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2
with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
As regards social conventions, we must say a word about the wellknown English class system. This is an embarrassing subject for
English people, and one they tend to be ashamed of, though during the
present century class-consciousness has grown less and less, and the
class system less rigid. But it still exists below the surface,
Broadly speaking, it means there are two classes, the "middle class"
and the "working class". (We shall ignore for a moment the old "upper
class", including the hereditary aristocracy, since it is extremely
small in numbers; but some of its members have the right to sit in
the House of Lords, and some newspapers take a surprising interest in
their private life. ) The middle class consists chiefly of well-to-do
businessmen and professional people of all kinds. The working class
consists chiefly of manual and unskilled workers.
The most obvious difference between them is in their accent.
Middle-class people use slightly varying kinds of "received
pronunciation" which is the kind of English spoken by BBC announcers
and taught to overseas pupils. Typical working-class people speak in
many different local accents which are generally felt to be rather
ugly and uneducated. One of the biggest barriers of social equality
in England is the two-class education system. To have been to a socalled "public school" immediately marks you out as one of the middle
class. The middle classes tend to live a more formal life than
working-class people, and are usually more cultured. Their midday
meal is "lunch" and they have a rather formal evening meal called
"dinner", whereas the working man's dinner, if his working hours
permit, is at midday, and his smaller, late-evening meal is called
supper.
As we have said, however, the class system is much less rigid
than it was, and for a long time it has been government policy to
reduce class distinctions. Working-class students very commonly
receive a university education and enter the professions, and
working-class incomes have grown so much recently that the
distinctions between the two classes are become less and less clear.
However, regardless of one's social status, certain standards of
politeness are expected of everybody, and a well-bred person is
polite to everyone he meets, and treats a labourer with the same
respect he gives an important businessman. Servility inspires both
embarrassment and dislike. Even the word "sir", except in schools and
in certain occupations (e. g. commerce, the army etc. ) sounds too
servile to be commonly used.
57. The middle class mainly refers to people ______.
A) who were born as aristocrat
B) who have the right to sit in the House of Lords
C) who speak in many different local accents
D) who are prosperous businessmen or who work in some professions
58. The most obvious difference between the working class and the
middle class in English is their ______.
A) dress B) work C) accent D) meal
59. Why isn't the word "sir" commonly used in Britain?
A) Because it sounds too servile and is likely to cause
embarrassment.
B) Because it can only be used in some certain occupations.
C) Because it is an impolite word.
D) Because it shows that the speaker is not a well-bred person.
60. The "upper class" in England today ______.
A) are extremely small in number so that media pays no attention
to them
B) still uses old words like "Sir" in their everyday life
C) includes the hereditary aristocracy
D) refers only to the royal family
61. Which of the following is not true about the English class
system?
A) It is an embarrassing subject for English people.
B) Working-class students cannot receive a university education.
C) The class system is much less rigid than it was.
D) The class system still exists below the surface.
Passage Two
Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.
Darwin's great work, the Origin of Species, is now generally
accepted as one of the most important books ever written. But when it
first came out in 1859, it was both derided and bitterly condemned by
scientists and laymen.
Much of opposition to the Origin of Species arose from Darwin's
claim that all living creatures, including man, are somehow related.
Many people were outraged by the suggestion that man shared a common
ancestor with animals such as apes and monkeys. They attacked Darwin
for saying that man had descended from the apes.
But Darwin never actually said this. He believed that modern men
and modern apes have both descended from the same ancestor. But at
some time in pre-history, millions of years ago, men and apes began
to develop separately, and ever since have continued to take on
different characteristics. Today, more than 90 years after Darwin's
death, this is the opinion which scientists continue to hold.
In his works, Darwin described the progression of life from its
earliest forms. First came the invertebrate-creatures without a
backbone. Then invertebrates evolved into fish; fish into amphibians;
amphibians into reptiles; and reptiles into birds and mammals.
Fossil remains found after his death show that Darwin was right.
Perhaps the most amazing fact about his theory is that he managed to
work it out with the aid of only a few fossil discoveries.
Fossil remains were not the only information which we now possess
but which Darwin lacked. He did not know that apes have the same
diseases as men; nor that they and men have the same kind of blood.
Nor did he know about the modern uses of radiation which enable
scientists to tell the age of fossil remains and so estimate the
speed at which evolution has taken place.
62. Which of the following best describes the passage as a whole?
A) The Origin of Species is a very significant book.
B) Darwin's discoveries were proved to be right though the Origin
of Species was severely attacked.
C) The evolution of men has gone through a very long process.
D) It was impossible for Darwin to prove his ideas only with the
aid of fossils.
63. Millions of years ago, men and apes had continued to ______.
A) develop different features B) behave differently
C) take up different tasks D) become more and more similar
64. How many stages are there before men were evolved?
A) Four. B) Six. C) Five. D) Three.
65. What's the meaning of "amphibian" in line 3 of paragraph 4?
A) A creature which can live on the land.
B) A creature which can live in the water.
C) A creature which can live both on the land and in the water.
D) An animal which can crawl.
66. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
A) Modern discoveries are the same as Darwin's.
B) Fossils are also very important in modern research.
C) Modern technology proves that Darwin was not quite right.
D) Modern research is more advanced than Darwin's in many ways.
Part Ⅴ Cloze
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For
each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the
right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits
into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet
2 with a single line through the centre.
Organic farmers had fought to prevent genetically-engineered
crops from being (67) organic, and it could (68) for them. Plants
genetically (69) to resist insects and other pests (70) about 15percent of United States crop production, but it has become a (71)
15-percent. Several European countries are refusing to (72)
genetically-engineered crops from the United States. Jim Skiff,
president of the Illinois-based company U-S Soy, says his company
will not grow crops with genetically modified organisms, known as GM-O for short.
But the biotechnology industry is fighting back. Here's an
advertisement produced by the Washington-based Council for
Biotechnology Information. The biotech industry received a (n) (73)
in April, (74) a National Academy of Sciences report (75) that G-M-O
crops appear to be safe. G-M-O supporters called the report proof (76)
fears of these crops are (77) , while critics called the report proof
that the (78) of G-M-O crops are not (79) known.
Some companies are avoiding G-M-O crops in their products just to
(80) the genetic-food fight (81) . Jim Schlesinger of Iowa-based
Whole Soy says his (82) of soy-based foods will not include
genetically-engineered beans. Agriculture officials in the Midwest
United States say it appears famers are planting fewer (83) of G-M-O
soybeans and corn this year, though they say this is probably a (84)
situation until the controversy (85) . A survey conducted by the Food
Marketing Institute suggests 63-percent of American (86) are likely
to buy genetically-engineered foods. That is down from 77-percent
four years ago.
67. A) credited B) certified C) specified D) illustrated
68. A) pay back B) pay out C) pay off D) pay for
69. A) accumulated B) gathered C) transferred D) altered
70. A) consist B) compose C) comprise D) form
71. A) controversial B) tedious C) extensive D) conventional
72. A) advocate B) import C) yield D) breed
73. A) fund B) pledge C) recommendation D) boost
74. A) until B) whereas C) when D) unless
75. A) amplified B) concluded C) estimated D) doubted
76. A) which B) that C) what D) it
77. A) unfounded B) unnoticed C) untouched D) unexpected
78. A) benefit B) virtue C) risk D) damage
79. A) fully B) extremely C) violently D) differently
80. A) stay out of B) take account of C) do away with D) make up
of
81. A) right away B) by far C) for now D) since then
82. A) concern B) line C) storage D) option
83. A) lands B) heaps C) plots D) hectares
84. A) constant B) unfavorable C) temporary D) proficient
85. A) dies back B) dies down C) dies out D) dies off
86. A) clients B) consumers C) businessmen D) audiences
Part Ⅵ Translation
Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English
the Chinese given in brackets. Please write you translation on Answer
Sheet 2.
87. Language can be defined as a tool ______ (人类相互交流所使用
的).
88. It has been rather costly to install the machinery, but
______ (从长远来看这些钱是值得花的).
89. The young driver looked over the engine carefully lest ______
(在途中出毛病).
90. I decided to go to the library ______ (一做完手头的工作).
91. The match was cancelled because most of the members ______
(反对在没有一人标准球场的情况下举行比赛).
四级预测卷六解析
Part Ⅰ Writing
Man Proposes, God Disposes
[参考范文]
There is a widespread proverb, "Man Proposes, God Disposes",
which means that the planning lies with man, the outcome with God.
This proverb indicates a relation between success and luck, that is,
we should make constant efforts to achieve our goal, although in many
cases the final outcome may be decided by luck.
Take English study for instance. A student spends much time and
energy on English and has good study habits. He is supposed to
receive good grades in the examination. But suppose something
unexpected, like illness occurs, and his final score is far from
ideal, should he lose heart and become pessimistic? Of course not.
Just keep it up and next time luck will most probably favor him.
To sum up, while luck does influence or even dominate us
sometimes, we should never give up halfway, convinced that our hard
work will pay in the long run. We are the master of our own fortune,
so don't depend any more on luck.
[范文点评]
·用词亮点：(1)在第一段尾句中，constant 意思为“持续的”，在这里
相当于 persistent。(2)第二段第四句中，far from 意思为“远非”，表示否
定。
·句式亮点：(1)在第一段首句是一个引出谚语的结构。类似表达法有 As
an old saying goes，As a proverb says 等。(2)在第一段第二句中，“This
proverb indicates”用于解释谚语的含义。类似 indicates 的有 implies。(3)
在第一段尾句中，that is 意思为“也就是说”，用于补充说明，相当于 that
is to say，in other words 等。(4)第二段第一句中使用了“Take…for
instance”表示举例的结构。(5)第三段尾句中 so 意思为“因此”，用于表示
结果。
·篇章亮点：(1)第二段倒数第二、三句利用一问一答的方法强调某种观点
或事实。(2)第三段首句中 To sum up 意思为“总之”，用于表示结论。类似表
达法有 In conclusion，To conclude 等。
Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)
1．D)。题干问哪项关于新年的叙述是不正确的。通读四个选项后定位到原
文 Ancient New Years 标题下第一段“The celebration of the New Year is
the oldest of all holidays. It was first observed in ancient Babylon
about 4000 years ago. In the years around 2000 BC, the Babylonian New
Year began with the first New Moon (actually the first visible
crescent) after the Vernal Equinox (first day of spring)”，意思是新
年是最 古老的节日，它诞生在 4000 年前的巴比伦，大约在公元前 2000 年，巴
比伦人将新年定在春分后的第一个新月日。对比选项，发现只有 D)不对。
2．C)。题干问为什么说一年之初在于春是合情合理的。根据题干中的信息
词 The beginning of spring 定位到原文 Ancient New Years 标题下第二段一
二句“The beginning of spring is a logical time to start a new year.
After all, it is the season of rebirth, of planting new crops, and of
blossoming(--年之初在于春是合情合理的，毕竟春季是个新生的季节——开始
播种、春暖花开)”。C)与原文相符。
3．D)。题干问何时元旦最终固定在了 1 月 1 日。根据题干中的信息词
eventually established 定位到原文 Ancient New Years 标题下第五段第二三
句“But tampering continued until Julius Caesar, in 46 BC,
established what has come to be known as The Julian Calendar. It
again established January 1 as the New Year(罗马君王对日历的随意篡改
一直持续到公元前 46 年的凯撒大帝，他设立了罗马儒略历，重新将元旦定为 1
月 1 日)”，很明显答案为 D)。
4．A)。题干问早期天主教徒对待元旦新年的态度是什么。根据题干中的信
息词 Catholics' attitude 定位到原文 The Church's View of New Year
Celebrations 标题下第一段第一句“the early Catholic Church condemned
the festivities as paganism(早期天主教会谴责元旦为异教)”，四个选项分
别为：A)反对，B)支持，C)无视和 D)友好。明显答案 A)正确。
5．B)。题干问哪项不是新年传统风俗。根据题干中的信息词 The New
Year traditions 定位到原文 New Year Traditions 标题：第一段第一句
“Other traditions of the season include the making of New Year's
resolutions(传统之一是新年誓言)”，与 A)相符；第一段最后一句“The
early Babylonian's most popular resolution was to return borrowed
farm equipment(早年巴比伦人最普遍的新年誓言是来年归还农具)”，而 B)明
显与原文不符；第二段第一句“The Tournament of Roses Parade dates back
to 1886(元旦玫瑰花车巡游可追溯到 1886 年)”，与 C)相符；第四段第一句
“The tradition of using a baby to signify the New Year was begun in
Greece around 600 BC(用婴儿来象征新年的风俗开始于公元前 600 年的希
腊)”，与 D)相符。故选 B)。
6．A)。题干问在文中哪个选项没被提到作为新年幸运食品。根据题干中的
信息词 lucky food 定位到原文 For Luck in the New Year 标题下第二三段，
发现只有选项 A)没有找到，故选之。
7．C)。题干问“Auld Lang Syne”这首歌可追溯到什么时候。根据题干中
的信息词 Auld Lang Syne 定位到原文 Auld Lang Syne 标题下第一段第二句
“At least partially written by Robert Burns in the 1700's, it was
first published in 1796 after Burns' death”，大意说这首歌写于 18 世
纪，最早发表于 1796 年。所以答案是 C)。
8．the past 400 years。根据题干中的信息词 January 1 定位到原文 The
Church's View of New Year Celebrations 标题下最后一句“January 1 has
been celebrated as a holiday by Western nations for only about the
past 400 years(西方国家将元旦作为节日不过短短 400 年的历史)”，由此可
得答案。
9．a New Year's banner。根据题干中的信息词 a symbolic
representation 定位到 New Year Traditions 标题下最后一段第一句“The
use of an image of a baby with a New Year's banner as a symbolic
representation of the New Year was brought to early America by the
Germans(把婴儿像与新年旗帜放在一起作为新年象征，是早期德国人带入美国
的)”，由此得到答案。
10．a tall dark-haired man。根据题干中的信息词 particularly lucky
定位到原文 For Luck in the New Year 标题下第一段倒数一二句“It was
once believed that the first visitor on New Year's Day would bring
either good luck or bad luck the rest of the year. It was
particularly lucky if that visitor happened to be a tall dark-haired
man(人们相信：新年第一个客人会带来好运或噩运，但如果是高个黑发男人会
带来特别的好运)”，由此得到答案。
Part Ⅲ Listening Comprehension
Section A
11．A)。
[听力原文]
W: What will I do with two dressing tables?
M: Why don't you make one of them a study desk?
Q: What does the man mean?
[简析] 女士说不知道如何处置这两个化妆台，男士问“为何不把其中一个
用作书桌?”显然 A)的理解正确。
12．D)。
[听力原文]
M: Jenny, could you forward this memo to all the staff?
W: Sorry, the computer broke down just now. I'll do it for you as
soon as I have it fixed.
Q: What does the woman imply?
[简析] 男士问女士能否把备忘录发给所有员工，女士说电脑坏了，一旦修
好就发。显然这位女士的意思是现在不能帮助发备忘录，因为电脑坏了，D)与
此相符。
13．B)。
[听力原文]
W: Hey, Jack, let's go for a cup of coffee and have some
refreshments. You can't bury yourself in the piles of reference all
day long.
M: I don't have much time, Jane. I'd better find all the
references I need for tomorrow's presentation before they close the
door.
Q: Where does the conversation most probably happen?
[简析] 题目问对话发生的场所，男士说“I'd better find all the
references I need for tomorrow's presentation before they close the
door(最好要在他们关门之前把明天作报告需要的所有参考书找到)”，显然对
话是发生在图书馆。
14．C)。
[听力原文]
M: Can I just talk to you for a minute about the history
assignment, Professor Smith?
W: Look, I'm in the middle of things right now. Is it urgent?
Q: What does the woman imply?
[简析] 男士说希望和这位女教授讨论历史作业的问题，女士回答说“Look,
I'm in the middle of things right now. Is it urgent?(瞧，我事情正做到
一半。你很急吗?)”显然这位女士现在很忙，抽不出时间，C)与此相符。
15．B)。
[听力原文]
W: Weren't you going to confirm your booking at the hotel?
M: You're right. I'd better call them. They always get quite busy
this time of the year.
Q: What will the man probably do?
[简析] 女士问“你不准备与预定的宾馆确认下吗?”男士说要给宾馆打电
话，因为宾馆每年这个时候总是最忙的。可见男士已经定了宾馆，可以排除
D)，他打电话的目的是确认自己定的房间没问题，也就是 B)确认下宾馆已经在
期待他(也就是房间准备好了的意思)。
16．C)。
[听力原文]
M: I wonder if the University has chosen the new president yet.
W: Someone said they picked a person a few months ago．But I
guess it was just a rumor.
Q: What does the woman mean?
[简析] 男士说不知道大学是否选举了新校长，女士先说有人说几个月前选
了一位，然后又通过 But 转折说这是谣传。C)中的 false(假的)就相当于原文
中的 rumor，也就是说关于新校长已经当选的报道是假新闻。
17．D)。
[听力原文]
W: Where are you going for your vacation?
M: Hawaii. We plan to climb the mountains, go fishing, swim and
windsurf. But most of all relax, my wife is taking a whole bunch of
books to read.
Q: How will the man and his wife spend most of their time?
[简析] 女士问男士准备去哪里度假，男士说去夏威夷爬山、钓鱼、游泳和
冲浪。然后通过 But 转折，说他和妻子最喜欢的放松方式还是阅读，带了一大
捆书去读。显然大部分时间他们是通过阅读来放松。
18．B)。
[听力原文]
M: Sorry to bother you, but I'm just a little lost. Can you tell
me where the South Lecture Hall is?
W: I'm in the same boat. Maybe you should try the doorkeeper?
Q: What does the woman suggest?
[简析] 男士向女士打听去 South Lecture Hall 的路，女士说“I'm in
the same boat(我们处境相同)”，意思就是说她也不知道，并建议男士向门卫
打听。B)的理解正确。
Conversation 1
[听力原文]
W: I've been reading about a new healthful snack food (19). h's
made from fish. Have you heard anything about it?
M: No, I haven't. But I don't like fish very much anyway.
W: Not to worry. Although it's made primarily from fish, it
actually doesn't have a fishy taste. In fact it can be flavored with
tomato, cheese, or chocolate for instance.
M: How could it not taste fishy (20)? Do you know how this snack
food is made'?
W: First, the fish is crushed, cooked and fermented, then water
and starch are added to make dough.
M: It sounds awful.
W: Actually the dough is tasteless at that point. So the
flavorings are added to give it some taste (21).
M: Well, it still sounds a little strange. But I suppose this
product will at least be low calorie and high protein, like a health
food.
W: Yes, you could call it that. And it has a long shelf life, so
it won't spoil quickly. It is also easy to digest and can be made
from types of fish that usually aren't eaten or from high grade fish
byproducts.
M: Mm... Have you got any samples? I might be willing to try the
cheese-flavored variety.
W: No. None of these seems to be available yet. As I understand
it, this fish snack food probably won't be in the stores for another
couple of years. So you have a while to get used to the whole idea.
M: A couple of years, ha? It may just take me that long, but
thanks for telling me about it.
19．C)
What is the conversation mainly about?
题目问对话的主题是什么。女士第一句话说“I‘ve been reading about
a new healthful snack food. It's made from fish. Have you heard
anything about it?(我在读一本关于新式健康快餐的文章。它是用鱼做的，你
听说过吗?)”可见，这篇对话的主题就是 C)。
20．D)
What feature of the new product surprises the man?
题目问这种新式快餐的什么特点让这位男士惊讶。男士问“How could it
not taste fishy?(它怎么会没有鱼的味道?)”之所以这样问是因为前面女士说
这种快餐虽然是用鱼做的，但却没有鱼的味道，可见正是这个特点让他惊讶。
21．B)
Why should flavorings be put in the dough?
题目问为什么要在面团中加调料。女士说“So the flavorings are added
to give it some taste(在面团中加调料是为了增加味道)”，显然 B)正确。
Conversation 2
[听力原文]
W: Hey, Joe, what is all this talk about the benefit walkathon
this weekend?
M: Don't you know, most of the residents in Packer Hall are going
to try to walk the seven miles from the engineering library, across
campus and down to city hall, in an effort to raise money for the new
children's hospital (22).
W: Sounds like a good idea. But I don't understand where the
money comes from.
M: Well, a few days before the walkathon, each participant goes
around asking people to pledge just a certain amount of money for
each mile that he or she expects to walk in the event. Then after the
walkathon's over, the participants go back to those same people,
collect the money pledged and send it into hospital (25).
W: So you mean if someone pledges, say, a dollar a mile, and you
walk five miles, you get five dollars (23)?
M: That's right. Of course, most of my friends aren't such big
spenders, the biggest pledge I've gotten so far is 25 cents a mile
(24).
W: And how many people have made pledges for you?
M: Eleven so far. Say, how about making it an even dozen?
W: Sure, if you do the same for me. The walkathon sounds like a
perfect opportunity for me to break in my new pair of sport shoes.
M: You are definitely warm-hearted.
W: You bet. And I tell you, I am also a good walker.
M: Hope to see you in the walkathon.
W: I will be there.
22．C)
Who are going to be in the walkathon?
题目问谁将参加步行马拉松。男士说“Don't you know, most of the
residents in Packer Hall are going to try to walk the seven
miles…(你不知道吗?大部分 Packer Hall 的居民将参加七英里的步
行……)”， 可见参加步行乌拉松的人是 C)。
23．D)
How did they raise money in the walkathon?
题目问他们如何在马拉松中募集资金。女士问“So you mean if someone
pledges, say, a dollar a mile, and you walk five miles, you get five
dollars(你的意思是如果有人押注，比如一美元一英里，然后你走了五英里那
你就可以得到 5 美元)”，男士对女士的疑问做了肯定的回答，可见 D)正确。
24．C)
What is the biggest pledge for a mile for the man so far?
题目问这位男士目前得到的最大押注是多少。男士说“Of course, most
of my friends aren't such big spenders, the biggest pledge I've
gotten so far is 25 cents a mile(当然，我的大部分朋友都不是大手大脚的
人，我目前得到的最大押注也就 25 美分)”，C)与之相符。
25．B)
What will happen to the money raised at the walkathon?
题目问募集到的钱做什么用。男士说“Then after the walkathon's over,
the participants go back to those same people, collect the money
pledged and send it into hospital(马拉松比赛结束后，参赛者找到那些押
注的人，收集押注的钱，然后送给医院)”，可见这些募集到的钱是捐给新医院
的。
Section B
Passage One
[听力原文]
The first automobile race in history took place in Chicago in
1895. Six cars took part, two powered by electricity and the others
by petrol (26). At least one car maker, however, was unable to
participate. Henry Ford, who lived in the nearby state of Michigan,
had a car and wanted to compete, but he did not have any money, so he
could not get to Chicago.
Ford did not win that race, but later he achieved some far more
important victories. He was an excellent automobile engineer, but
what really made him different from other auto makers were his ideas
about the manufacturing process and about the rewards employees
should receive for their labor.
Ford's most famous idea, of course, was to introduce the assembly
line. This meant that instead of workers' moving about, it was the
product that moved while workers remained still (27). Today, the idea
seems quite obvious, but at the beginning of the century, even Ford's
supporters thought he was mad.
Ford, however, was not mad and, in the end, he succeeded in
producing his famous Model-T. It was ugly and it was always black,
but it was cheap and simple and Ford's factories produced 15,000,000
Model-Ts between 1908 and 1927 (28), so Ford most certainly was right.
In 1914, Ford introduced another extraordinary idea. He decided
that the workers who made his cars ought to have enough money to buy
one, and he began paying them $5.00 per day. That was double what
other car manufacturers were paying and everyone again thought Henry
Ford was mad. His workers could now buy a car--and, naturally, most
of them bought Model-Ts--which partly explains how he managed to sell
15,000,000 (28).
26．B)
What can we learn about the first car race in history?
题目问我们对历史上的第一次赛车了解到了什么。从短文中可以听到“The
first automobile race in history took place in Chicago in 1895. Six
cars took part, two powered by electricity and the others by
petrol”，可见四个选项中只有 B)符合。
27．B)
Which of the following is true of an assembly line?
题目问关于装配流水线哪个说法正确。从短文中可以听到“This meant
that instead of workers' moving about, it was the product that moved
while workers remained still”，可见这种装配流水线中，是产品在移动而
工人不需要移动。
28．D)
Why could Henry Ford manage to sell 15,000,000 Model-T cars?
题目问为什么福特能卖 15,000,000 的 Model-T 车。短文最后一句提到
“His workers could now buy a car--and, naturally, most of them
bought Model-Ts--which partly explains how he managed to sell
15,000,000”，可见 D)与此相符。
Passage Two
[听力原文]
Education is required and free for every child in the United
States. Most children start by the age of six. They attend eight
years of elementary school and four years of high school(or secondary
school). The money for free public schools comes from taxes, and each
state is responsible for its own educational system. The state
authorities set the educational requirements but leave the management
of the schools in the hands of the local communities (29). Most
states require their children to go to school until a certain age:
this age varies from 16 to 18 years according to the laws of the
individual states. The federal government contributes funds to the
states for additional schools and school services. After graduation
from high school, a student can start his higher education in a twoyear college, a four-year college, a university, or a specialized
professional school- either public or private. Most colleges admit
students on the basis of their high school records (30). The cost of
a college education is expensive in private universities, but it is
much less in those supported by states and cities. Many students
receive scholarships from the schools, the government, or private
foundations and organizations. More than 50% of college students work
to help pay their college expenses (31). Only 2% of the population of
the country cannot read and write.
29．D)
Who is responsible for the management of schools?
题目问谁负责学校的管理。从短文听到“The state authorities set the
educational requirements but leave the management of the schools in
the hands of the local communities”，可见州政府确定了教育要求，但是
把对学校的管理留给了当地的社区。
30．B)
How do most colleges decide the admittance of students?
题目问大部分学校是如何确定学生的录取的。从短文中可以听到“Most
colleges admit students on the basis of their high school records”，
可见大部分学校录取学生都是以学生在中学时的成绩为依据的。
31．B)
How do most students pay the fees of a private college education?
题目问大部分学生是如何支付私立大学的学费的。从短文中可以听到
“More than 50% of college students work to help pay their college
expenses”，可见约有一半以上的同学都是通过打工来支付学费的。
Passage Three
[听力原文]
There was once a man who spent all his time in his glasshouse.
Flowers were his name, and flowers were his main joy in life. He grew
flowers of every color under the sun. He grew these flowers in order
to enter them for competition. His greatest hope in life was to grow
a rose of an entirely new color that would win him the silver cap for
the Rose of the Year (32).
Mr. Flowers' glasshouse was close to a public path, which was
always used by children walking to and from school. Boys were often
attracted to throw a stone or two at his glasshouse (33). So Mr.
Flowers did his best to be in or close by his glasshouse at the
beginning and end of the school day.
However, it was not convenient or possible to be on guard all the
time (34). Mr. Flowers had tried in many ways to prevent harm to his
glasshouse, but nothing that he had done had been successful.
Then, just as he was giving up hope of ever winning the battle,
and of growing the Rose of the Year, he had a truly wonderful idea.
He put up a large notice made of good, strong wood, some meters away
from the glasshouse, where it could be clearly seen from the path. He
had painted on the board the words: DO NO'[ THROW STONES AT THIS
NOTICE. After this, Mr. Howers had no further trouble. The boys were
much more attracted to throw stones at the notice than at the
glasshouse (35).
32．B)
What was Mr. Flowers' greatest hope?
题目问 Mr. Flower 的最大希望。从短文中可以听到“His greatest hope
in life was to grow a rose of an entirely new color that would win
him the silver cup for the Rose of the year”，可见他的最大希望就是培
育出一种全新颜色的玫瑰去赢得当年的玫瑰奖。
33．D)
Why did the boys often throw a stone or two at the glasshouse?
题目问为什么男孩子老往玻璃房扔石头。从短文中可以听到“Mr.
Flowers' glasshouse was close to a public path, which was always used
by children walking to and from school. Boys were often attracted to
throw a stone or two at his glasshouse”，由于玻璃房在路边，放学后孩
子往往驻足观看并往里面扔石头。可见学生扔石头完全是因为顽皮，并没有提
到 A)、B)、C)中的这些原因。
34．C)
Why was Mr. Flowers not able to prevent harm to his glasshouse?
题目问为什么 Mr. Flowers 不能防止玻璃房被损坏。短文中提到“However,
it was not convenient or possible to be on guard all the time”，可见
要整天看守不方便也不大可能，不这样做就难以防止玻璃房被破坏，C)与此相
符。
35．A)
Why did the boys throw stones at Mr. Flowers' notice?
题目问男孩们为什么朝 Mr. Flowers 的通告扔石头。从短文最后部分可
知，Mr. Flowers 想了很多办法都无法阻止顽皮的男孩子扔石头破坏玻璃房。
于是干脆竖了一个牌子，上书“请勿朝牌子扔石头”，这样孩子都将石头扔向
这个通告牌了。孩子这么做的原因显然就是 A)，他们就是要做大人不让做的事
情。
Section C
A hobby can be almost anything a person likes to do in his (36)
spare time. Hobbyists raise pets, build (37) model ships, weave
baskets, or carve soap (38) figures. They watch birds, hunt animals,
climb (39) mountains, raise flowers, fish, ski, skate, and swim.
Hobbyists also paint pictures, (40) attend concerts and plays, and
perform on musical (41) instruments. They collect everything from
books to (42) butterflies, and from shells to stamps.
People take up hobbies because these activities offer enjoyment,
friendship, knowledge, and (43) relaxation. Sometimes they even yield
financial profit. (44) Hobbies help people relax after periods of
hard work, and provide a balance between work and play. Hobbies also
offer interesting activities for persons who have retired. Anyone,
rich or poor, old or young, sick or well, can follow a satisfying
hobby, regardless of his age, position, or income.
(45) Hobbies can help a person's mental and physical health.
Doctors have found that hobbies are valuable in helping patients
recover from physical or mental illnesses. Hobbies give bedridden or
wheel-chair bound patients something to do, and provide interests
that keep them from thinking about themselves. (46) Many hospitals
treat patients by having them take up interesting hobbies or
pastimes.
(36) spare
(37) model
(38) figures
(39) mountains
(40) attend
(41) instruments
(42) butterflies
(43) relaxation
(44) Hobbies help people relax after periods of hard work, and
provide a balance between work and play
(45) Hobbies can help a person's mental and physical health
(46) Many hospitals treat patients by having them take up
interesting hobbies or pastimes
Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension(Reading in Depth)
Section A
47．D)。本空格应填名词。本题最有干扰的选项为 types，而 type 是某一
种类下的不同的型别，而此处是指不同的种类。species 是物种，是个群体概
念，词义较大，植物并没有两千多个物种。
48．J)。此处空格在情态动词之后，用动词原形。本句句意为“一个新的
研究报告说，气候变化到本世纪末会严重影响到这些植物”，其他动词则与句
意不符。第二段最后一句话与此处相呼应。
49．F)。本题中应选名词复数，与 temperatures 构成并列结构。上文中提
到的气候变化，此处只不过是将气候变化中的变数细节化，故选 changes。
50．B)。此处应填名词，用单数形式。符合的单词为 release 和 speed，
但 release 表示“释放”，与句意不符。整句话的意思为“现在气候变化的速
度大于过去在冰河时代的变化”。
51．H)。本空格填名词，用于介词之后。in danger of 是一词组，意为
“处于……危险中”。
52．O)。本处应填形容词修饰名词。此句话中还解释了 endemic(地方性
的，某地特有的)这个词，显然，native(原产于某地的)符合句意。
53．K)。此处情态动词后接动词原形。后面接 by more than eighty
percent，此处 by 表明变化的程度，只有 shrink 可选。
54．I)。此空格填动词的第三人称单数形式。前句表明有很多事情他们不
能肯定，后句则对此进行了解释，故选此答案。
55．M)。空格后的 heat-trapping greenhouse gases 是指吸热的温室气
体，而正是吸热的温室气体的排放导致了全球变暖。
56．G)。此处用形容词。前句从全球变暖宏观方面说明事物的不确定性，
后句则从微观方面说明个别物种的不确定性，所以选 individual。
Section B
Passage One
57．D)。事实细节题。参见第一段的倒数第二句“The middle class
consists chiefly of well-to-do businessmen and professional people of
all kinds(中产阶级主要包括富裕的生意人和各种专业人士)”。四个选项中，
D)中的 prosperous 正是“富裕的，有钱的”的意思，与此句完全相同。而其他
三个选项都是干扰项。
58．C)。事实细节题。在文章第二段的第一句，作者说到“The most
obvious difference between them is in their accent”，从这一句可以看
出，各阶级之间最明显的区别是他们的口音，而不是服装、工作或者吃饭。
59．A)。事实判断题。见最后一段的最后两句话“Servility inspires
both embarrassment and dislike. Even the word 'sir' , except in
schools and in certain occupations (e. g. commerce, the army etc.)
sounds too servile to be commonly used”。最后一句中使用了 too…to 的
结构来表示“太……而不能”。本句的意思是说，因为它听起来太过谦卑，很
可能会引起尴尬。而且前一句说到谦卑会引起尴尬和不悦。A)正与此相符。
60．C)。事实细节题。在文章第一段的中间关于上层阶级的叙述中，有一
个括号里这样说到“the old 'upper class' , including the hereditary
aristocracy, since it is extremely small in numbers(古老的‘上等阶
级’，包括世袭的贵族，因为这一阶级数量很少)”。四个选项中 A)的前半部
分是对的，但后半部分是错的。B)的相关内容在文章的末尾，而 D)没有提到。
61．B)。事实判断题。见文章第三段第二句“Working-class students
very commonly receive a university education and enter the
professions”，也就是说来自工人阶级家庭的学生接受大学教育并且从事某种
职业的情况已十分普遍。而 B)的内容与此句完全相反。而根据文章的开头部分
的几句话可以看出，A)、C)、D)三项都是符合的。
Passage Two
62．B)。主旨大意题。在文章的开头部分，作者说到“Darwin's great
work, the Origin of Species, is now generally accepted as one of the
most important books ever written. But when it first came out in 1859,
it was both derided and bitterly condemned by scientists and
laymen(达尔文的巨著《物种起源》，如今已被广泛认为是最重要的著作之一。
然而，当它于 1859 年首次出现时，却遭到了科学家和平民的嘲笑和强烈谴
责)”。很明显，这便是文章的主题。四个选项中，A)的概括过于简单，C)没有
提到达尔文和他的著作，而 D)的表述太片面。
63．A)。事实细节题。第三段的中间说到了“millions of years ago,
men and apes began to develop separately”，也就是说几百万年前，人类
和猿类便开始各自进化。四个选项中，A)选项中的 features 与文章中的
characteristics 同义。这种情况在阅读理解的题目中很常见。掌握同义词和
近义词很重要。
64．C)。事实细节题。第四段明确介绍了生命进化的五个过程“First
came the invertebrate-creatures without a backbone. Then
invertebrates evolved into fish; fish into amphibians; amphibians
into reptiles; and reptiles into birds and mammals”。它们是：无脊椎
一鱼一两栖一爬行一鸟和哺乳。由此可以看出是五个阶段。
65．C)。词义推测题。对这个词义的判断要通过排除法并结合常识进行猜
测。阅读理解中，许多词义要依靠上下文的提示进行判断，但这一题并没有。
所以推测起来有一定的难度。
66．D)。主旨大意题。见最后一段第一句话“Fossil remains were not
the only information which we now possess but which Darwin lacked”，
这句话也明显是最后一段的主题句。而这一段是在列举现代研究比起达尔文的
先进之处，重点是说明现代研究发现了许多达尔文没能发现的东西。四个选项
中前三个选项只是干扰项。
Part Ⅴ Cloze
67．B)。词汇辨析。本题选项中，credited 意为“深信、贷记”，常用的
搭配介词为 with。specified 意为“指明、详述”；illustrated 意为“(用图
表等)说明”；certified 意为“证明、颁发(合格)证书”，其常见用法为 be
certified(跟形容词)，故选 B)。
68．C)。词汇辨析。从本文第二段内容来判断，反对转基因作物的农民取
得了一些成功。选项中，pay back 意为“偿还(欠款)”；pay out 意为“为(货
物等)付出大笔钱”；pay for 意为“为……支付钱、为……而受惩罚”；pay
off 意为“还清(债款)、成功”，符合句意。
69．D)。词汇辨析。本题测试转基因的英语表达。转基因的英语表达有：
前期为 genetically-altered，genetically-engineered，现已约定俗成为
genetically-modified，故 altered 为正确答案。accumulate 意为“积累”。
70．C)。词汇辨析。句中 15 percent 提示，填入空格的词应解释为“组
成”。consist 意为“由……组成”，必须与介词 of 搭配；compose 的常见用
法为 be composed of(由……组成)；form 意为“形成”；comprise 意为“组
成、构成”，后跟宾语，符合英语用法，故选 C)。
71．A)。词汇辨析。本题选项中，tedious 意为“枯燥乏味的”；
extensive 意为“广泛的”；conventional 意为“传统的、常规的”；
controversial 意为“有争议的”，符合文章关于转基因问题上有两派之争的
内容。故选 A)。
72．B)。词汇辨析。本题选项中，advocate 意为“提倡、主张”；yield
意为“产生”；breed 意为“培植、饲养”；import 意为“进口”，符合句
意。
73．D)。词汇辨析。下文讲到国家科学院报告上说转基因食品似乎是安全
的。由此判断，生物技术产业受到了激励。fund 意为“基金”；pledge 意为
“保证”；recommendation 意为“推荐”；boost 意为“促进、激励”，符合
句意。
74．C)。逻辑关系。根据主从句的逻辑关系，填入空格的连词应该引导时
间状语从句。所以，when 符合句意。
75．B)。词汇辨析。本题选项中，amplified 意为“放大(声音、信号
等)”；estimated 意为“估计、估价”；doubted 意为“怀疑”；concluded
意为“得出结论”，符合句意。
76．B)。语法知识。从句子结构来判断，填人空格的连词引导一个同位语
从句，表示 proof 的具体内容。所以，that 是答案。
77．A)。词汇辨析。因为主句的主语为 supporters，所表达的内容应该支
持转基因食品。由此判断，unfounded 意为“无事实根据的”，符合前后逻
辑。unnoticed 意为“没有被注意到的”，untouched 意为“没有被吃过的(食
物)”，unexpected 意为“未料到的”。
78．C)。词汇辨析。本句中 critics 一词提示，填人空格的词表示转基因
食品的危害。由此判断，risk 意为“危险(性)、风险”，符合句意。virtue 意
为“美德、优点”。
79．A)。词汇辨析。本题选项中，extremely 意为“极端地”；violently
意为“激烈地、狂暴地”；differently 意为“不同的”；fully 意为“充分
地、完全地”，符合句意。
80．A)。词汇辨析。前文中 avoiding 一词提示，有些公司不想卷入这场争
议。由此判断，stay out of 意为“置身事外”，符合前后逻辑。take
account of 意为“考虑”；do away with 意为“废除”；make up of 意为
“组成”。
81．C)。词汇辨析。本题选项中，right away 意为“立刻、马上”；by
far 意为“……得多”，修饰比较级和最高级；since then 意为“自那时以
来”；for now 意为“目前、眼下”，符合句意。
82．B)。词汇辨析。本句 soy-based foods 是该公司生产的系列食品。由
此判断，填入空格的词应解释为“这类(商品)”。concern 意为“关心、关
于”；storage 意为“存储”；option 意为“可选择的方法”；line 意为
“(商品的)类别、品种”，符合句意。
83．D)。词汇辨析。本句大意为“种植更少的转基因大豆”。填入空格的
词应该是量词。land 意为“陆地”，是不可数名词；heap 意为“堆”；plot
意为“(有特定用途的)一块地”，不能表示确切的量；hectare 意为“公
顷”，符合句意。
84．C)。词汇辨析。本题选项中，constant 意为“始终如一的”；
unfavorable 意为“不利的”；proficient 意为“精通的”；temporary 意为
“暂时的、临时的”，符合句意。
85．B)。词汇辨析。本句大意为“……直到这种争议逐渐平息”。由此判
断，die down 意为“逐渐减弱、逐渐平息”，符合句意。die back 意为“(植
物)枝头枯竭(但根部仍活着)”；die out 意为“灭绝”；die off 意为“(一群
生物)相继死去”。
86．B)。词汇辨析。根据句中 buy 一词提示，填入空格的词应解释为“(购
买转基因食品)的人”。所以，consumers 意为“消费者”，符合句意。
clients 意为“(商业交易的)客户”；audiences 意为“观众”。
Part Ⅵ Translation
87．by which human beings communicate with one another/which
human beings use to communicate with one another
[答案解析] 本题主要考查“介词+特殊疑问词”引导的形容词从句。答案
which human beings use to communicate with one another 不够简练。
88．in the long run it will prove to be worth the money
[答案解析] 本题主要考查 in the long run，意思为“从长远来看”或
“最终”。答案中的 be worth 也可以用 deserve，意思为“值得”，后接名词
或动名词。
89．it (should) go wrong on the way
[答案解析] 本题主要考查的是虚拟语气。在 lest 引导的从句中，谓语动
词用虚拟语气“should+动词原形”，should 可省略。相当 lest 的还有 for
fear that 和 in case，只是 in case 引导的从句也可以不使用虚拟语气。
90．as soon as I finished what I was doing/immediately after I
finished what I was doing
[答案解析] 本题主要考查的是“一……就……”的表达方法。另外，“手
头的工作”应理解为“手头正在做的工作”，用进行时态。
91．objected to having a match without a standard court
[答案解析] 本题主要考查的是“反对……”的表达方法。答案中动词
object 意思为“反对”是不及物动词，后接介词 to，再接名词或动名词。
oppose，oppose to，be against，disapprove of 也可以表达“反对……”或
“不同意……”。