Unit 2 Optics Study Guide Part 1 – Vocabulary 20 Vocab (matching) amplitude - indicates the amount of energy transferred by a wave; on a graph it refers to the maximum distance above or below the x-axis bioluminescence – living things which can make themselves luminous using a chemical reaction. Chemiluminescence – the process of changing chemical energy into light energy with little or no change in temperature crest - the highest point on a wave; on a graph it is the farthest point above the x-axis electromagnetic spectrum – the entire range of radiant energy, from radio waves through visible light to gamma rays incandescence – the process of emitting light because of high temperatures opaque - describes a material that does not allow any light to be transmitted; all of the light energy is either absorbed or reflected penumbra – a shadow where some of the light reached there phosphorescence – the process of emitting light for a short time after receiving energy from another source. angle of incidence - the angle between the incident ray and the normal; equal to the angle of reflection angle of reflection - the angle between the reflected ray and the normal; equal to the angle of incidence angle of refraction - the angle between the refracted ray and the normal blind spot - the area of the retina where the optic nerve and blood vessels connect; contains no cones or rods concave - a curved mirror that has its reflecting surface on the inside curve converging – The coming together of rays. convex - a curved mirror that has its reflecting surface on the outside curve cornea - the front part of the sclera of the eye; colourless and transparent to allow light to enter the eye. frequency - the number of occurrences in a period of time; in waves, the frequency is the number of wavelengths in a period of time infrared - electromagnetic wave frequencies below the visible range just below the colour red. iris - a ring of muscles that contracts and relaxes automatically to regulate the amount of light entering the eye; controls the size of the pupil lens – a curved, transparent device that causes light to refract as it passes through; gathers light from an object and produces an image of the object normal - the line drawn from the point of incidence perpendicular (at 90°) to an optical device such as a mirror or lens opaque - describes a material that does not allow any light to be transmitted; all of the light energy is either absorbed or reflected optic nerve - the nerve that transmits signals from the retina of the eye to the brain for interpretation pupil - the “window” through which light enters the lens of the eye radio waves - electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths in the electromagnetic spectrum longer than infrared light. refraction - the bending of light as it travels from one material into another retina - a light-sensitive layer on the inside of the eye, where the image is produced; has two types of light-sensitive cells—rods and cones sclera - a tough, white outer layer surrounding the eyeball; has six muscles attached to it, which allow the eye to look around spectrum – The whole range of light from radio to gamma rays including visible light. translucent - describes a material that transmits light, but also reflects some, so that a clear image cannot be seen through the material transparent - describes a material that transmits light easily; a clear image can be seen through the material visible light - the part of the electromagnetic spectrum representing visible light; the band of colours visible in the rainbow ultraviolet - wavelengths shorter than light but longer than X rays wavelength - the distance between two adjacent crests or two adjacent troughs of a wave. X-rays – electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength in the range of 10 to 0.01 nanometres. Part 2 – Multiple Choice 20-30 questions Types of lights (incandescence, Phosphorescence, etc) Measure of transparency Absorption and reflection of light Visible spectrum Electromagnetic spectrum Waves Specular Reflection Laws of reflection Diffuse reflection Virtual vs real images Chart on pg 328 Refraction of light why it happens What happens to light when it goes through a convex lenses Parts of eyes Vision problems How we see colour (not why) section 12.4 Telescopes Part 3 – Diagram Label the lenses pg 326 Label the image with proper names Pg 313 Part 4 – Short Answer Questions Discuss/compare different types of light Discuss how an interior designer might use light Why we see colour Refraction Real image vs virtual image Discuss the process of us seeing ie light comes into the eye, then what happens