Syllabus for IS 207. International Issues & Comparative Research in Library & Information Sciences Fall Quarter 2010 Instructor: Professor Emeritus Robert M. Hayes http://polaris.gseis.ucla.edu/rhayes/courses/courses.htm Table of Contents 1. Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 4 Official Course Description ............................................................................................ 4 Expectations of Students ................................................................................................. 4 Faculty Participation ....................................................................................................... 4 Instructor’s International Experience .......................................................................... 5 Other Participating Faculty ......................................................................................... 7 2. Definitions....................................................................................................................... 7 International Issues in Librarianship ............................................................................... 7 Comparative Research in Librarianship.......................................................................... 7 International Issues and Comparative Research in Information Sciences ...................... 7 3. Your Paper ...................................................................................................................... 8 Introduction about Societal Issues for the Chosen Country............................................ 8 Discussion of the Substantive Focus............................................................................... 8 Analysis of Data about the Substantive Focus ................................................................ 8 Bibliography and References .......................................................................................... 9 4. Contexts for Societal Issues ............................................................................................ 9 History............................................................................................................................. 9 Governance ..................................................................................................................... 9 National Governments ................................................................................................ 9 The Collapse of Nation States? ................................................................................... 9 Centralized, Decentralized, Feudal or Tribal .............................................................. 9 Democratic or Totalitarian .......................................................................................... 9 International Governance ............................................................................................ 9 United Nations, ........................................................................................................... 9 WHO (World Health Organization)............................................................................ 9 Organization for African Unity (OAU) ...................................................................... 9 Organization of American States (OAS) .................................................................... 9 Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), ................................................... 9 UNESCO..................................................................................................................... 9 1 UNISIST, NATIS ....................................................................................................... 9 Economic Development .................................................................................................. 9 National Economies .................................................................................................... 9 Nomadic or Peasant Economy .................................................................................... 9 Agricultural Economy................................................................................................. 9 Industrial Economy ..................................................................................................... 9 Information Economy ................................................................................................. 9 Developing Economy.................................................................................................. 9 Multi-tiered Economy ................................................................................................. 9 International Agencies ................................................................................................ 9 Social and Cultural Structures ........................................................................................ 9 Religion ..................................................................................................................... 10 Community ............................................................................................................... 10 The Arts .................................................................................................................... 10 The Sciences ............................................................................................................. 10 The Professions ......................................................................................................... 10 Education .................................................................................................................. 10 Social Development ...................................................................................................... 10 Transition of People through Economy .................................................................... 10 Treatment of Women ................................................................................................ 10 Treatment of Minorities ............................................................................................ 10 Disasters ........................................................................................................................ 10 Natural Disasters ....................................................................................................... 10 Man-made Disasters.................................................................................................. 10 Conflicts and Wars .................................................................................................... 10 5. Contexts for Libraries and Archives ............................................................................. 10 Library and Archive in Individual Countries ................................................................ 10 Library and Archive Institutions ............................................................................... 10 Library and Archive Policies .................................................................................... 10 Library and Archive Funding.................................................................................... 10 Library and Archive Functions ..................................................................................... 10 Identification, Selection, Acquisition ....................................................................... 10 Description, Cataloging, Classification .................................................................... 10 Storage, Organization, Retrieval ............................................................................... 11 Reference, Referral ................................................................................................... 11 Preservation, Conservation, Restoration ................................................................... 11 Support to Analysis and Use ..................................................................................... 11 Use of Automation .................................................................................................... 11 Library Networks ...................................................................................................... 11 Library and Archive Education ..................................................................................... 11 Individual Countries.................................................................................................. 11 Internationally and Cooperatively............................................................................. 11 Library and Archive Related Organizations ................................................................. 11 International Library Associations ............................................................................ 11 NGOs ........................................................................................................................ 11 6. Contexts for Information Science ................................................................................. 11 2 Information Generators ................................................................................................. 11 Information Forms ........................................................................................................ 11 Information Users ......................................................................................................... 11 Information Processes ................................................................................................... 11 Information Agencies.................................................................................................... 11 Information Technologies ............................................................................................. 11 Communications ....................................................................................................... 11 Computers ................................................................................................................. 11 Convergence of Technologies................................................................................... 11 Internet ...................................................................................................................... 11 7. Sources of Data and Methodologies for Analysis......................................................... 11 Data Sources ................................................................................................................. 12 Data about the Country ............................................................................................. 12 Data about Libraries and Archives ........................................................................... 12 Data about Communications and Information .......................................................... 12 Data about the Economy ........................................................................................... 12 Methodologies for Analysis .......................................................................................... 12 Description Analysis ................................................................................................. 12 Structural Analysis .................................................................................................... 12 Qualitative Analysis .................................................................................................. 12 Quantitative Analysis ................................................................................................ 12 8. History........................................................................................................................... 12 9. References ..................................................................................................................... 13 Printed References ........................................................................................................ 13 Internet References ....................................................................................................... 15 Country Data ............................................................................................................. 15 Library Data .............................................................................................................. 15 International & Comparative Studies........................................................................ 16 3 1. Introduction Official Course Description Number: IS 207 Title: International Issues and Comparative Research in Library and Information Science. Lecture, four hours. History and development of international organizations and programs in library and information science. Identification of key issues in international exchange of information. Introduction to comparative method as procedure for study and research. Letter grading. Expectations of Students Each student is to prepare a formal paper as the primary basis for grading of the course. The final paper is to be submitted on or before the date scheduled for the final examination of the course. Although there will not be a final exam, there will be a class session on the date for the final exam at which each student will make a brief, fiveminute, presentation of the primary results presented in their paper. The paper is to be focused, first, on a country, a group of countries, or a geographical region and, second, on a context for national and international and comparative librarianship (as will be illustrated later in this syllabus) or on a societal context for information science (again as will be illustrated later in this syllabus). The initial country and topic should be chosen by the end of the second week of the class, but may be revised during the progress of the course. After the second week of the course, each student is to present a weekly written report on progress with respect to that paper. Each student should be prepared to make an oral report which will serve as a basis for discussion of the methodologies used by the student and their results to date. The oral presentations can be either verbal or supported by computer tools. The discussions will be handled as a true seminar. During each session each student is expected to participate in open discussion of the issues, aspects, and contexts raised by their individual investigations. A secondary basis for grading will be the degree and quality of participation in the discussions. Attendance is a tertiary basis for grading. Faculty Participation The instructor for the course will participate in the seminar discussion. When appropriate, he may present a formal lecture concerning issues, aspects, contexts, or methodologies. Indeed, during the first and second weeks of the course, while the students will be determining the countries and topics for their term papers, there will be lectures 4 concerning the contexts for International and Comparative Librarianship and Information Studies. Instructor’s International Experience Professor Emeritus Robert M. Hayes brings to the class over fifty years of experience in working with national governments, libraries, universities and other educators and professionals, as summarized in the following table. 1 2 3 4 5 COUNTRY Australia Austria Azerbaijan Belgium Brazil 6 Canada 7 China Croatia 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Czechoslov akia Denmark East Germany Egypt England Estonia Finland France Georgia Germany Greece Guatemala Holland Hong Kong Hungary India CONSULTATIONS GOVT LIBRARY UNIV 80,03 80,03 80,93, 93,93, 02,03 07-09 95,01 95,01 CONFERENCES ATTEND DIRECT 89 TOURING 70,86,90,91 66,94 68,72, 72 88,90,93,9 5,95,96,97, 98 74 62,67,68, 71,81,87 87 05,07, 06 02,06 70 98 66,85 89-91, 95-09 98 69,70 81 82 77,84, 89 98 84 89,06, 07-09 09 59,66 82 66,67,86, 88,90 66,69 81,91 59,83,95 97 69,86,86 97 70,86,90,91 78 99,03 81 85 98 66 92 83,96 87 5 25 Italy Japan Korea Kuwait Latvia Luxemburg Macedonia Mexico Philippines Poland Puerto Rico Saudi Arabia Singapore Slovakia Slovenia South Africa Sweden Switzerland Taiwan Thailand Turkey Ukraine Yugoslavia (Croatia) 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 09 88,94 07 88 72 88 67,84,09 67,86,91 98 86 95 84 77 90 80 97,97 87 98,98 93 84 78,79, 84 89 98 91 96 87 72-74 89 59 69,70 81,85 95,01 96-98 09 97,98,09 82,86 77,7981,84, 86-88 12 10 8 6 4 2 08 05 02 99 96 93 90 87 84 81 78 73 70 67 59 0 6 Other Participating Faculty Several faculty members of the Department of Information Studies faculty have agreed to participate by presenting their own experience with international and comparative studies and by joining in the seminar discussion of methodologies and results. 1 2 3 4 5 Jean-Francois Blanchette Christine Borgman Jonathan Furner Anne Gilliland Leah Lievrouw 6 7 8 9 10 Beverly Lynch Mary Niles Maack Ramesh Srinivasan John V. Richardson, Jr Virginia Walter In addition, Professor Khalid Mahmood, from Pakistan, has graciously agreed to participate, as has Monica Hagan of the UCLA Management Library, and we may be able to have participation by a Fulbright Visiting Scholar from Ukraine, Dr. Tetiana Yaroshenko. 2. Definitions International Issues in Librarianship For the purpose of this course, international issues in librarianship focus on the role of libraries and their methods for acquisition and processing, storage and retrieval, reference and referral, preservation and conservation, and support to analysis and use of information across national boundaries. Of special importance are the means for international library cooperation through formulation and development of common standards, policies, and practices, through communications among and exchanges of librarians and library educators, through cooperation in sharing of library materials, and through sharing of computer-based library systems. Comparative Research in Librarianship Comparative research in library science, on the other hand, studies library systems within individual countries or geographical regions as means to understand differences and similarities of libraries and library services throughout the world. Comparative librarianship leans on traditions of comparative studies found in other fields such as political, governmental, and legal studies. International Issues and Comparative Research in Information Sciences International issues and comparative research in information sciences is clearly a much wider frame of reference. It includes assessments of the role of information in national and international economies and social structures. It includes assessments of the role of information technologies including, especially, the Internet 7 3. Your Paper You must select a country (or perhaps group of countries or a world region) as the focus of your paper. You should prepare a well documented paper that discusses some aspect of librarianship, archives, or information science in the country you have chosen. You could identify an issue of current importance for libraries, archives, or information science in your country of choice and treat your paper as though you were a consultant reporting to a government agency or an educational institution in your country of choice or to a non-governmental organization that is concerned about what to support in that country. (Indeed, in my own work most of my reports have had that kind of objective.) Introduction about Societal Issues for the Chosen Country For the country you have chosen you should have an introduction focusing on those cultural, socio-economic and political factors that are most relevant to the development of libraries, archives and other information agencies. This should include topics like those outlined in Section 4 of this syllabus, which will be the coverage of one of the lectures by the instructor during the first two weeks of the course. As you do your research, think of what a consultant would try to find out in a very limited time to understand as much as possible about the country's culture and customs. In addition to looking at general background materials, you will want to gather information on educational and research institutions, as well as government agencies, professional and scholarly associations, communication networks, and publishers or other information industry firms that have a direct impact on the information flow within the country. Discussion of the Substantive Focus You should then discuss the substantive focus of your paper—the context for national and international and comparative librarianship or the societal context for information science. Sections 5 and 6 of this syllabus outline potential topics to be considered, and they will be the content of two lectures to be presented by the instructor during the first two weeks. Analysis of Data about the Substantive Focus You will need to acquire data relevant to the substantive focus and analyze those data to provide answers to relevant issues about that focus. Section 7 of this syllabus presents an outline of sources for data and methodologies for analysis that will be the content of a lecture to be presented by the instructor during the first two weeks of the course. 8 Bibliography and References Of course you should present an annotated bibliography and listing of references and sources for your country’s social structure, the data you acquired, and the methodologies you used. 4. Contexts for Societal Issues As you consider various countries as the potential focus for your paper, you may want to evaluate societal issues that represent differences among those countries. The following outline identifies some of them, but you certainly may consider others as well. The instructor will present a lecture during the first week of the course in which he will discuss these contexts. History Governance National Governments The Collapse of Nation States? Centralized, Decentralized, Feudal or Tribal Democratic or Totalitarian International Governance United Nations, WHO (World Health Organization) Organization for African Unity (OAU) Organization of American States (OAS) Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), UNESCO UNISIST, NATIS Economic Development National Economies Nomadic or Peasant Economy Agricultural Economy Industrial Economy Information Economy Developing Economy Multi-tiered Economy International Agencies International Monetary Fund (IMF) General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) World Bank. Social and Cultural Structures 9 Religion Community The Arts The Sciences The Professions Education Social Development Transition of People through Economy Treatment of Women Treatment of Minorities Disasters Natural Disasters Man-made Disasters Conflicts and Wars 5. Contexts for Libraries and Archives There is a wide range of contexts within which you can examine international issues in libraries and archives and/or can compare libraries and archives in different countries. The following outline lists some of them, but you certainly can identify others that reflect your own interests. The instructor will present a lecture during the first week of the class in which he will discuss these contexts. During the lecture ample opportunity will be provided for questions and seminar discussion of what will be presented. Library and Archive in Individual Countries Library and Archive Institutions National Libraries Public Libraries University Libraries Special Libraries Archives Library and Archive Policies Collection Development Policies Collection Access Policies Library Services Policies Library and Archive Funding Library and Archive Functions Identification, Selection, Acquisition Description, Cataloging, Classification AACR MARC Faceted classification Universal Decimal Classification 10 Metadata Storage, Organization, Retrieval Reference, Referral Preservation, Conservation, Restoration Support to Analysis and Use Use of Automation Library Networks Library and Archive Education Individual Countries Internationally and Cooperatively European Commission on Education and Training\ Erasmus Mundus for Scholarships and Academic Cooperation DILL (International Master in Digital Library Learning) Library and Archive Related Organizations International Library Associations IFLA, FID, ASIS&T NGOs Carnegie, Mellon, Soros 6. Contexts for Information Science Again, there is a wide range of contexts within which you can examine issues in information science in different countries and/or compare countries with respect to them. The following outline lists some of them, but you certainly can identify others that reflect your own interests. The instructor will present a lecture during the second week of the class in which he will discuss these contexts. During the lecture ample opportunity will be provided for questions and seminar discussion of what will be presented. Information Generators Information Forms Information Users Information Processes Information Agencies Information Technologies Communications Computers Convergence of Technologies Internet 7. Sources of Data and Methodologies for Analysis Developing your term paper will require that you acquire relevant data about your chosen country or region and that you analyze those data to arrive at either speculations or conclusions about your chosen topics. I say “speculations” because, for many of the 11 countries you might select, the data, in my experience, are likely to be sparse or even not available at all. The instructor will present a lecture during the second week of class in which he will discuss sources of data and methodologies for analysis roughly as shown in the following outline. During the lecture ample opportunity will be provided for questions and seminar discussion of what will be presented. Data Sources Data about the Country Data about Libraries and Archives Data about Communications and Information Data about the Economy Methodologies for Analysis Description Analysis Structural Analysis Qualitative Analysis Quantitative Analysis 8. History Of course there is a long history of libraries and archives as international institutions dating from at least the time of the Library of Alexandria. The following table lists some of the names of individuals that come to mind as leaders in international developments in library and archives work and information science. But of course the list can be far greater. During the second week of the class, the instructor will discuss the roles of these individuals. 1646-1716 Gottfried von Leibnitz Germany 1797-1879 Antonio Panizzi Italy & UK 1851-1931 Melvil Dewey USA 1854-1943 Henri La Fontaine France 1868-1944 Paul Otlet Belgium & France 1892-1972 Srinivasan Ranganthan India 1898-2003 Seymour Lubetzsky Belarus & USA 1907-1980 Bozo Tejak Croatia 1919-2006 Henriette Avram USA 12 9. References Printed References Asheim, L. (1989). Foreword. In: Harrison, K.C. 1989. International librarianship. Metuchen (NJ); London: The Scarecrow Press: vii-ix. “...the opportunity to have direct contact with the practice and philosophy of library service in varying circumstances and at different levels of societal development, and from this insight, to identify and appreciate the many factors outside of librarianship itself that shape and define the nature of a library’s services and its social role.” YRL Z672 .H37 1989 Calvert, P.J. & Cullen, R. (2001). “International perspectives on academic libraries: Introduction”.. Journal of Academic Librarianship 27(5):394-397. Carroll, Frances Laverne & Harvey, John F. eds. (2001). International librarianship: cooperation and collaboration. Lanham (Md); London: The Scarecrow Press, 2001. Carroll, Frances Laverne & Harvey, John F. (1987) Internationalizing Library and Information Science Education. Greenwood Publishing Group, Incorporated. A Handbook of Policies and Procedures in Administration and Curriculum. Deals with one of the most critical issues in librarianship today: the complexities involved in operating libraries in a world where the international exchange of ideas, activities, and technologies is a constant force. As defined by the editors, Harvey and Carroll, internationalism is the process by which a nationally defined library topic, curriculum, or school becomes responsive to international policies or perspectives. The theme of this volume is this change in perspective. Carroll, F.L. (1970) The development of an instrument for the evaluation of internationalism in education for librarianship. PhD Dissertation, Graduate College, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma. Countries of the World and Their Leaders Yearbook. Detroit, Mich., Gale Research Co., 2009 Danton, J. Periam (1973). The dimensions of comparative librarianship. Chicago: American Library Association. Halm, Johan van (1978). The development of special libraries as an international phenomenon. New York : Special Libraries Association. . Harrison, K.C. (1989). International librarianship. Metuchen (NJ); London: The Scarecrow Press. Havard-Williams, P. (1972) International librarianship. London: Library Association Surveys of recent developments in developing countries and advanced librarianship submitted to the 1971 Pre-Session Seminar for Developing sponsored by Unesco, 13 Liverpool City Libraries, August 24 - September 1, 1971, ed; ed. by Chandler, G.: 169180. Jackson, Miles M., ed. (1981) International handbook of contemporary developments in librarianship, ed. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood press. Jackson, W.V. (2003) [Review of] International librarianship: cooperation and collaboration. Edited by Frances Laverne Carrol and John Frederick Harvey, Lanham, Md., and London: Scarecrow press, 2001. Library Quarterly 73(3): 364-365. “Although the literature of comparative and international librarianship has not flourished in recent years, one type of work seems to recur periodically. This is the anthology of articles… by various authors: such compilations generally include pieces both geographical (that is, about a country or region) or topical (for example, about cooperation, buildings and so on) in nature.” Krzys, Richard & Litton, Gaston (1982), (1983). World librarianship: a comparative study. New York: Marcel Dekker. Lor, Peter Johan (2010). “International and Comparative Librarianship”. Encyclopedia of Library and Information Sciences, Third Edition, Published on 16 February 2010. (Peter Lor. Secretary General, IFLA. ter.lor@ifla.org) Lor, Peter Johan (1996). A distant mirror: the story of libraries in South Africa. Daedalus: Journal of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (Fall 1996): 235-265. Penchansky, Mimi B., Halicki-Conrad, Adam, International and Comparative Librarianship: An Annotated Selective Bibliography on the Theme of the LACUNY 1986 Institute. Shrinking World/Exploding Information: Developments in International Librarianship. New York] : Library Association of the City University of New York, 1986. Price, J.W. and Price, M.S., Eds. (1985) International librarianship today and tomorrow: a Festschrift for William J Welsh. New York, München: K G Saur. Shores, Louis (1966). Why comparative librarianship. Wilson Library Bulletin 41(2):204 Simsova, Sylva, MacKee, M. (1970, 1975). A handbook of comparative librarianship, London : Bingley. Whatley, Herbert Allan. Proceedings of the ICLG conference, Scotland, 1974 held at Middleton Hall Conference Centre, Gorebridge, Midlothian, 28th June to 1st July, 1974 Williamson, William Landram (1976). A Search for new insights in librarianship : a day of comparative studies: proceedings of a conference held in the Library School Commons, Helen C. White Hall, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, April 25, 1975 14 Welsh, William (1984) Festschrift. International librarianship today and tomorrow. Chicago, IL: American Library Association. Internet References Country Data BUBL Countries and Continents http://bubl.ac.uk/Link/linkbrowse.cfm?menuid=11368 Countries of the World CIA Factbook Compilation https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2128.html EIU Country Reports http://www.eiu.com/site_info.asp?info_name=corporate_landing_University_California_ Berkeley ELDIS the Gateway to Development Information: Country Profiles http://www.eldis.org/ Graduate School of Library and Information Science, University of Illinois at UrbanaChampaign, LIS 590IL--Global Perspectives in Library & Info. Science-- Fall, 2007 https://netfiles.uiuc.edu/weech/590ILSyl07.htm Library of Congress Country Studies http://memory.loc.gov/frd/csquery.html Portals to the World (Library of Congress) U.S Department of State http://www.usembassy.gov/ Library Data African Librarianship http://ifl.sagepub.com/content/17/1/26.citation African Librarianship http://ajol.info/index.php/jlisa African Librarianship http://openlibrary.org/books/OL620686M/Issues_in_African_librarianship Central American Librarianship http://lists.webjunction.org/libweb/CSA_Costa_Rica.html Central American Librarianship http://www.ama.edu.gt/cirma/ Central American Librarianship http://www.worlib.org/vol03no1/lepkowski_v03n1.shtml Central American Librarianship http://revuemag.com/2010/07/cirma-expands-access/ Central American Librarianship 15 http://www.absolutearts.com/artsnews/2000/02/23/26607.html Central American Librarianship http://www.emeraldinsight.com/journals.htm?articleid=1711006&show=pdf Central American Librarianship http://www.university-directory.eu/Guatemala/Centerfor-Research-on-the-Mesoamerica-Region-CIRMA.html Central American Librarianship http://www.librarysites.info/other/cr.htm Directory of Union Catalogs. http://www.ifla.org/VI/2/duc/index.htm Libraries on the Web. http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/Libweb/ Library Associations around the World. http://www.ala.org/ala/aboutala/offices/iro/intlassocorgconf/libraryassociations.cfm LIS Schools: World List of Departments and Schools of Information Studies, Information Management, Information Systems, etc. http://informationr.net/wl/ National Libraries (Global Memory Net) (free registration to access). http://memorynet.org/collection/intro.php?project=nl National Libraries of the World (IFLA). http://www.ifla.org/VI/2/p2/nationallibraries.htm National Libraries http://www.library.uq.edu.au/natlibs/websites.html International & Comparative Studies Bologna Accord http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bologna_Process East Asian Librarianship http://archive.ifla.org/IV/ifla72/papers/119-Yu-en.pdf Latin American Librarianship http://www.jstor.org/pss/25549040 Latin American Librarianship http://books.google.com/books?id=t2Ru5UYWZdMC&pg=PA114&lpg=PA114& dq=latin+american+librarianship&source=bl&ots=glExD869Ou&sig=nK9PFltnIlI j555rdpEIVqXqk_U&hl=en&ei=tzZHTKv8DIT2swOO3N24Ag&sa=X&oi=book _result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CB8Q6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=latin%20am erican%20librarianship&f=false Latin American Librarianship http://archive.ifla.org/IV/ifla69/papers/087eFernandez-de-Zamora.pdf 16 Latin American Librarianship http://library.brown.edu/salalm2010/ Latin American Librarianship www.ils.unc.edu/MSpapers/2778.pdf Latin American Librarianship http://archive.ifla.org/VII/s27/news/LacNewsletter44-e.pdf Library & Information Science Critique: Journal of the Sciences of Information Recorded in Documents http://sites.google.com/site/criticabibliotecologica/lis.critique.editorial.board Lor , Peter Johan What’s so international about international librarianship? Lecture at the School of Information Studies, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, July 1, 2005. http://www4.uwm.edu/sois/about/news/events/peterlorpaper.pdf Schleihagen, Barbara. (2004). Why Cooperate Internationally? Available: Studies in Comparative International Development (SCID) (ISSN 0039-3606) http://www.watsoninstitute.org/ped/scid/ This is an interdisciplinary journal that addresses issues concerning political, social, economic, and environmental change in local, national, and international contexts. Among its major emphases are political and state institutions; the effects of a changing international economy; political-economic models of growth and distribution; and the transformation of social structure and culture. The journal has a tradition of presenting critical and innovative analytical perspectives that challenge prevailing orthodoxies. It publishes original research articles on all world regions and is open to all theoretical and methodical approaches. In addition to research articles, SCID occasionally publishes reviews that summarize and assess significant, thematically linked bodies of literature and methodological essays that evaluate and/or make an original contribution to the debates about the conduct of social science research. Simmons College, Graduate School of Library and Information Science, LIS 490, International and Comparative Librarianship http://web.simmons.edu/~watkins/lis490/korea.html WWW Library Directory. http://www.webpan.com/msauers/libdir/ 17