Chapter 1: The Nature of Science: Objective Sheet
Name: ___________________
By the time we finish the chapter you should be able to do the following:
1.
Understand what a formal hypothesis is, what it is for, how it is different from a question, how
you write one, and how to test one.
2. Understand the difference in inference and observation, and how they relate to evidence.
3. Understand the scientific method, how to design an experiment, conduct trials, gather and analyze data.
4. Understand basic lab and field safety procedures.
5. Understand how dependent and independent variables are related, how to manipulate them, and
what a control is used for.
6. Understand how to use technology to do research, gather and analyze data, explain your
conclusions to others and defend your conclusions.
7. Understand what models are and what they are used for.
8. Understand how to evaluate information from a scientific viewpoint.
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In your notebook answer the following questions, and complete the following activities:
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Section 1: What is Science, pp. 6-11
o Inference and Observation Activity
o 3 Topic Foldable- the three branches of Science, pp. 9-10
o Complete Mini Lab- Classifying the Cafeteria, p. 8
o In your notebook distinguish between scientific laws and theories.
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Section 2: Science in Action, pp. 12-20
o Explain the difference in a formal hypothesis and a question.
o Video Notes on the Scientific Method (Science as Inquiry)
o Create a Labeled Flow Map- The Steps of the Scientific Method
o Use a Double Bubble map to compare and contrast the dependent and independent variable in an experiment
o Cornell Notes from PowerPoint
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Section 3: Models in Science, pp. 21-26
o Describe a model that would be used in each of the Situations Activities, and why you would use it.
o Create a Graphic Organizer (2 columns, four rows) comparing the three main types of models.
o Science Journal S3- Explain the uses and limitations of models, including when and why you use them.
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Section 4: Evaluating Scientific Explanations, pp. 27-30
o Analyze if the Example Experiments** can be scientifically tested or not, and explain why.
o Complete the Lab Safety Patrol** questions.
o Science Journal S4- Explain what critical thinking is and why it is important.
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Using What You Know
o
Imagine that you are a scientist. Describe how you would conduct an experiment using the scientific method
from your idea on the problem, how your experiment will work, how you will collect the data, and analyze
your conclusions.
o
Evaluate how science would be different without the Scientific Method.
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Test: Chapter 1 ____________________________________
*Note: In each section you may complete the study guide questions instead of one assignment.
** Teacher will provide these
***Major Project: Designing Your Own Experiment, coming soon to a brain between your ears!
Chapter 1 Study Guide
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Section 1: What is Science, pp. 6-11
1. What do scientists ask questions for?
2. A possible observation that is supported by many investigations is a
3. This describes a pattern, but does not explain why things happen.
4. Structures, cycles and processes that interact with one another form this.
5. What are the three branches that science is divided into?
6. This is the application of science in everyday life?
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Section 2: Main Science in Action, pp. 12-20
7. Why was the scientific method developed?
8. What is a formal hypothesis?
9. What is the purpose of a controlled experiment?
10. What always has to be followed during an investigation and why?
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Section 3: Models in Science, pp. 21-6
11. Why do scientists use models?
12. What are the three types of models?
13. What do you need when creating a model to make it more accurate?
14. What are models designed to convey?
15. Why might it be necessary to change models over time?
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Section 4: Evaluating Scientific Explanations, pp. 2716. How can a scientist determine if something is fact or fiction?
17. Why are notes important during an investigation?
18. What is necessary for a conclusion to be reliable?
19. Why do independent laboratories test products?
Chapter 1
Brain Check 1
1. How is a formal hypothesis stated, and what makes it different than a question?
2. What is the difference in an inference and an observation?
3. How do inferences and observations relate to evidence (which is stronger and
why, and why must you sometimes use the other)?
Brain Check 2
1. Why should a scientist conduct many trials of the same experiment?
2. Why is it important to take notes and analyze data?
3. What is the dependent variable in an experiment and how is it different from the
independent variable?
4. What us the purpose of a control?
5. What is a model used for?
Brain Check 3
1. Understand how to use technology to do research, gather and analyze data,
explain your conclusions to others and defend your conclusions.
2. Why do scientists use models?
3. What does it mean to evaluate information from a scientific viewpoint?