Chapter 13: Urban Patterns
I.
Urbanization
A. MDC’s are more urbanized than LDC’s
B. The world is becoming more urbanized
C. World Population is about 50% urban/50% rural
II.
Definitions
A. Social Differences
1. large size
2. high density
3. social heterogeneity
B. Legal Definition
1. incorporated: self-governing unit-police, fire department,
garbage collection, water treatment, public transportation
2. urbanized area: central city and surrounding areas
1. Heber City: Charleston, Daniel, Midway
2. SLC: Sandy, West Valley, Murray, West Jordan,
Draper
3. Metropolitan Statistical Area
1. urbanized area with a population of at least 50,000
2. The county where the city is located
3. Adjacent counties that the central city serves
4. Micropolitan Statistical Area (Park City)
1. cities between 10k and 50k people
2. county where city is located
3. adjacent counties that central city serves
5. Overlapping Metropolitan Area (Megalopolis) Several large
cities grow so large that they merge together.
a. Boston, New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Washington
D.C.
III.
Three Models of Urban Structure
A. Concentric Zone Model- Created in 1923 by E.W. Burgess.
City grows outward from the CBD outward in rings.
1. CBD
2. Zone in Transition-industry and poor quality
housing (filtering)
3. Zone of independent workers (middle class
housing)
4. Zone of better residence (suburbs)
5. Commuter’s zone (small communities like Heber)
B. Sector Model-developed in 1939 by Homer Hoyt. A city develops in a
series of sectors (like wedges) designated for specific purposes.
(agglomeration)
1. CBD
2. Transportation and Industry
3. Low-class residential
4. Middle-class residential
5. High-class residential
C. Multiple Nuclei Model-Developed by C.D. Harris and E.L Ullman in
1945. A city is a complex structure that includes more than one center.
1. CBD
2. Wholesale/Light manufacturing
3. Low-class residential
4. medium class residential
5. High class residential
6. Heavy manufacturing
7. outlying business district
8. residential suburb
9. Industrial suburb
D. Social Area Analysis-No one model (structure) can adequately explain
how cities develop. Most cities are a combination of the three models.
1. use census data to provide information about where people live
(based on race, religion, socio-economic status) and where they
work and shop.