Science Content Standards and Objectives 10th Grade Biology Standard 1: Nature and Application of Science (SC.S.B.1) Students will demonstrate an understanding of history and nature of science as a human endeavor encompassing the contributions of diverse cultures and scientists. demonstrate the ability to use the inquiry process to solve problems. relate science-technology-societal issues while using a variety of sources to construct and defend their solutions. Essential Important SC.O.B.1.1 SC.O.B.1.2 SC.O.B.1.3 implement safe procedures and practices when manipulating equipment, materials, organisms, and models. X formulate scientific explanations based on historical observations and experimental evidence, accounting for variability in experimental results. conduct and/or design investigations that incorporate the skills and attitudes and/or values of scientific inquiry (e.g., established research protocol, accurate record keeping, replication of results and peer review, objectivity, openness, Compact X X skepticism, fairness, or creativity and logic.). SC.O.B.1.4 SC.O.B.1.5 SCO.B.1.6 design, conduct, evaluate and revise experiments (e.g., compose a question to be investigated, design a controlled investigation that produces numeric data, evaluate the data in the context of scientific laws and principles, construct a conclusion based on findings, propose revisions to investigations based on manipulation of variables and/or analysis of error, or communicate and defend the results and conclusions). draw conclusions from a variety of data sources to analyze and interpret systems and models (e.g., use graphs and equations to measure and apply variables such as rate and scale, evaluate changes in trends and cycles, or predict the influence of external variances such as potential sources of error, or interpret maps). investigate, compare and design X X scientific and technological solutions to address personal and societal problems. SC.O.B.1.7 SC.O.B.1.8 SC.O.B.1.9 given current science-technologysocietal issues, construct and defend potential solutions. X X relate societal, cultural and economic issues to key scientific innovations. X synthesize concepts across various science disciplines to better understand the natural world (e.g., form and function, systems, and change over time. X Standard 2: Content of Science SC.S.B.2 Students will demonstrate knowledge, understanding and applications of scientific facts, concepts, principles, theories, and models as delineated in the objectives; demonstrate an understanding of the interrelationships among physics, chemistry, biology and the earth and space sciences. apply knowledge, understanding and skills of science subject matter/concepts to daily life experiences. Essential Important Compact SC.O.B.2.1 investigate and correlate the properties of biological | molecules to their function in biochemical pathways. SC.O.B.2.2 relate the structure of cellular organelles to their functions and interactions in eukaryotic cells. SC.O.B.2.3 compare and contrast cell type: prokaryotic/eukaryotic, plant/animal, nerve/muscle, archaea/bacteria. SC.O.B.2.4 X X X relate the structure and function of individual body systems to the overall functioning of the organism. X SC.O.B.2.5 predict and assess responses of organisms to internal and environmental stimuli. X SC.O.B.2.6 analyze the chemistry and fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane as it relates to import and export of molecules necessary for life including osmosis, diffusion, active and passive transport and dialysis. SC.O.B.2.7 quantitatively analyze the flow of energy through cellular processes such as photosynthesis, cellular respiration and fermentation. SC.O.B.2.8 differentiate the mechanisms of homeostasis in living systems (negative and positive feedback). SC.O.B.2.9 examine the processes of binary fission, mitosis, and meiosis relate them to the number of chromosomes and production of daughter cells, somatic cells, gametes, and variation or lack of variations within a species. SC.O.B.2.10 use Punnett squares to predict X X X X genotypic and phenotypic ratios by applying Mendel’s Laws of Genetics in monohybrid and dihybrid crosses, complete and incomplete dominance, codominance, sex-linked, and multiple alleles. X SC.O.B.2.11 analyze karyotypes and pedigrees as diagnostic tools. X SC.O.B.2.12 construct and use models of DNA to explain replication and mutation. X SC.O.B.2.13 differentiate the structure and function of messenger, transfer and ribosomal RNA in the process of transcription and translation. SC.O.B.2.14 research and debate the application of DNA technology in the context of social, ethical and political issues. X X SC.O.B.2.15 evaluate the evidence for natural selection including speciation, fossil record evidence, molecular similarities and homologous structures. X SC.O.B.2.16 evaluate the influence of the historical social context on the development of evolutionary theory. SC.O.B.2.17 compare morphological, cladistic and other classification systems including domains, kingdoms and other taxa. SC.O.B.2.18 justify the placement of viruses in the current classification systems SC.O.B.2.19 examine the cycle of viruses and compare disease prevention, vaccination, vector control, and drug therapy. X X X X SC.O.B.2.20 evaluate environmental factors that affect succession, populations and communities. SC.O.B.2.21 propose ecosystem models that incorporate interactions of biotic and abiotic environmental variables in biogeochemical cycles. SC.O.B.2.22 interpret changes in energy as it flows through an ecosystem to illustrate conservation of energy in the energy pyramid, food web, and food chain. analyze interrelationships of organisms within an ecosystem: competition, predation, symbiosis, mutualism, parasitism, commensalism. SC.O.B.2.24 analyze graphs, GIS data and traditional maps reflecting changes in population to predict limiting factors in ecosystems as they determine carrying capacity. X X X SC.O.B.2.23 X Fayette County Schools Learning Map Content Area: Biology Grade 10 First Nine Weeks Scientific Procedures Unit Key Learning/ Power Power Standard 11: Standards The student will demonstrate sound scientific procedures by designing appropriate investigations, using safe data collection techniques, comparing the relationship between dependent and independent variables, and carefully analyzing data to draw conclusions or revise experiments. Benchmark CSOs Unit EQ Textbook Correlation Lab Activities/Resources SC.O.B.1.1 - implement safe procedures and practices when manipulating equipment, materials, organisms, and models. SC.O.B.1.4 - design, conduct, evaluate and revise experiments: compose a question to be investigated, design a controlled investigation that produces numeric data, evaluate the data in the context of scientific laws and principles, construct a conclusion based on findings, propose revisions to investigations based on manipulation of variables and/or analysis of error, or communicate and defend the results and conclusions. How do scientists do science? Prentice Hall Biology Chapter 1 1. Lab Safety a. http://www.hschem.org/Laboratory/labs.htm b. http://www.hschem.org/Resources/labsafety.htm c. http://mjksciteachingideas.com/safety.html d. http://www.sciencespot.net/Pages/classgen.html 2. Scientific Inquiry a. http://www.sciencespot.net/Pages/classgen.html#Anchor3 SC.O.B.1.5 - draw conclusions from a variety of data sources to analyze and interpret systems and models: use graphs and equations to measure and apply variables such as rate and scale, evaluate changes in trends and cycles, or predict the influence of external variances such as potential sources of error, or interpret maps. b. c. d. e. f. Lesson EQ’s http://schools.utah.gov/curr/sci/GIST/Facinating%20Brine%20Shrimp.pdf http://www.teachersnetwork.org/ntol/howto/science/isopodlab.htm http://www.k12station.com/k12link_library.html?subject=NST&sub_cat=105323&final=105324 http://www.sciencespot.net/Pages/classgenlsn.html http://www.cloudnet.com/~edrbsass/edsci.htm 1. Why is it important to 1. How do scientists conduct scientific experimentation? implement safe procedures and practices when manipulating equipment, materials, organisms, and models? Unit Vocabulary controlled experiment dependent variable independent variable data Fayette County Schools Learning Map Content Area: Biology Grade 10 First Nine Weeks Biochemical Pathways Unit Key Learning/ Power Standards Benchmark CSOs Unit EQ Textbook Correlation Lab Activities/Resources Lesson EQ’s Power Standard 3: As students analyze the chemistry and processes of the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane, they will determine properties of biological molecules, relate the molecules to their functions in biochemical pathways, and determine their movements necessary for sustaining life. SC.O.B. 2.1 – investigate and correlate the properties of biological molecules to their function in biochemical pathways. SC.O.B. 2.6 - analyze the chemistry and fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane as it relates to import and export of molecules necessary for life including osmosis, diffusion, active and passive transport and dialysis. How are biological molecules essential to maintaining homeostasis in living things? Prentice Hall Biology Prentice Hall Biology Chapter 2 Chapters 2 and 7 1. Osmosis/Diffusion a. http://www.the-aps.org/education/k12curric/activities/pdfs/halverson.pdf b. http://www.biologycorner.com/worksheets/diffusionlab.html c. http://pslc.ws/macrog/kidsmac/activity/bear.htm d. http://www.ekcsk12.org/faculty/jbuckley/lelab/redonionosmosislab.html 1. How can biological molecules be distinguished as to function, structure, and formation? 2. What is the role of the biological molecules in maintaining living cells? 1. How does the structure of the cell membrane effect movement of molecules in and out of a cell? 2. How do biological molecules move across the cell membrane? 3. How do changes in levels of biological molecules in cells effect homeostasis in organisms? Page 11 of 26 Unit Vocabulary carbohydrate homeostasis catalyst lipid diffusion protein osmosis nucleic acid passive transport organic active transport glucose enzyme Fayette County Schools Learning Map Content Area: Biology Grade: 10 First Nine Weeks Cells Alive Unit Key Learning/ Power Standards Power Standard 4: As students investigate various cell types and viruses, they will relate the structures to functions, research disease prevention, and evaluate classification systems. Benchmark CSOs SC.O.B. 2.2 – relate the structure of cellular organelles to their functions and interactions in eukaryotic cells. Unit EQ SC.O.B. 2.3 – compare and contrast cell types: prokaryotic/eukaryotic, plant/animal, nerve/muscle, archaea/bacteria, and various body cells. SC.O.B. 2.18 – justify the placement of viruses in the current classification systems SC.O.B. 2.19 – examine the cycle of viruses and compare disease prevention, vaccination, vector control, and drug therapy. How do cells function in maintaining homeostasis in living organisms? Prentice Hall Biology Prentice Hall Biology Prentice Hall Biology Chapter 19 Textbook Correlation Chapter 7 Chapters 7, 17, and 19 Lab 1. Cell Structure/Function Activities/Resources a. http://www.teach-nology.com/teachers/lesson_plans/science/biology/cell/ b. http://www.rlpage.com/labs/cell/cell_structure.pdf Page 12 of 26 c. http://serendip.brynmawr.edu/sci_edu/biosites.html#5 Lesson EQ’s Unit Vocabulary specialization virus 1. How are cells specialized in structure related to their function? 2. How does the chemistry and structure of the cell membrane allow molecules to enter and exit the cell? organelle phage 1. How are cell types distinguished from each other? 2. How does cell specialization occur? differentiate classification 1. How are viruses unique? prokaryote taxonomy eukaryote Fayette County Schools Learning Map Content Area: Biology Grade10 Second Nine Weeks Genetics and Reproduction Unit Key Learning/ Power Standards Power Standard 7: After an introduction to mitosis and meiosis, students will apply Mendel’s Laws and other diagnostic tools to predict and analyze genetic variances; they will evaluate the influence that DNA has on inheritance as it relates to a body’s development and maintenance; and justify or dispute the ethical implications of genetic engineering as it applies to social and political issues. Benchmark CSOs SC.O.B.2.9 – examine the processes of binary fission, SC.O.B.2.10 – use Punnett squares to predict genotypic and SC.O.B.2.11analyze karyotypes and pedigrees as SC.O.B.2.12 – construct and use models of DNA to explain SC.O.B. 2.13 differentiate the structure and function of SC.O.B.2.14 research and debate the application of Page 13 of 26 mitosis, and meiosis and relate them to the number of chromosomes and production of daughter cells, somatic cells, gametes, and variations or lack of variations within a species. phenotypic ratios by applying Mendel’s Laws of Genetics in monohybrid and dihybrid crosses, complete and incomplete dominance, codominance, sexlinked, and multiple alleles. techSteps Integration Lab Activities/Resources replication and mutation. messenger, transfer and ribosomal RNA in the process of transcription and translation. DNA technology in the context of social, ethical and political issues. How is heredity controlled? Unit EQ Textbook Correlation diagnostic tools. Prentice Hall Biology Chapters 10 and 11 Prentice Hall Biology Chapter 11 Prentice Hall Biology Chapter 12 Prentice Hall Biology Chapter 12 Prentice Hall Biology Chapters 13 and 14 Core Project: Human Genetics 1. Genetics a. http://serendip.brynmawr.edu/sci_edu/waldron/ b. http://www.biology.arizona.edu/human_bio/activities/karyotyping/karyotyping.html c. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/exhibition/harrypottersworld/pdf/teachersmonstergeneticslab.pdf d. http://www.lessonplanspage.com/ScienceLivingPunnetSquareMartianGeneticsLab812.htm 2. DNA a. http://www.nclark.net/DNAExtraction.html b. http://www.nclark.net/CrimeInvestigation.html c. http://www.nclark.net/DNA_RNA#Labs d. http://www.nature.ca/genome/05/051/0511/0511_m205_e.cfm e. http://teach.genetics.utah.edu/content/begin/traits/traitsrecipe.pdf f. http://www.middleschoolscience.com/life.htm Page 14 of 26 1. How are new cells produced? 2. How does cell reproduction relate to the genetic continuity of an organism? 1. How are traits inherited? 1. How is DNA the genetic code for all life? 1. What role does RNA play in genetics? 1. How can DNA technology be useful in making personal and/or societal decisions? Unit Vocabulary meiosis gamete diploid co-dominance mitosis gene haploid crossing over cell cycle genetics somatic cell sex-linked segregation DNA transcription double helix allele RNA translation incomplete dominance genetic engineering independent assortment Fayette County Schools Learning Map Content Area: Biology Grade 10 Third Nine Weeks Diversity Among Organisms Key Learning/ Power Standards Power Standard 8: Students will evaluate evidence for natural selection, incorporate this information as they compare various classifications systems, and determine historical social influences on the development of scientific theories. Benchmark CSOs SC.O.B.2.15 - evaluate the evidence for natural selection including speciation, fossil record evidence, molecular similarities and SC.O.B.2.16 - evaluate the influence of the historical social context on the development of evolutionary theory. SC.O.B.2.17 compare morphological, Page 15 of 26 homologous structures. cladistic and other classification systems including domains, kingdoms and other taxa. How does natural selection relate to speciation and classification of organisms? Unit EQ Textbook Correlation Prentice Hall Biology Chapters 15, 16, and 17 Lab Activities/Resources 1. Natural Selection a. http://www.nclark.net/Evolution b. http://www.biologycorner.com/worksheets/peppermoth_paper.html c. http://biologyinmotion.com/evol/index.html d. http://www.accessexcellence.org/AE/AEC/AEF/1995/wartski_natural.php e. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/evolution/educators/teachstuds/pdf/bird_beak_hdt.pdf 2. Classification a. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/teachers/activities/2905_link.html b. http://www.indiana.edu/~ensiweb/lessons/clad.bag.html c. http://jrscience.wcp.muohio.edu/lab/TaxonomyLab.html Lesson EQ’s 1. How do speciation, fossil records, and molecular and homologous structures support natural selection? Prentice Hall Biology Chapter 18 1. How does societal environment influence the development of the theory of evolution? 1. How are organisms classified? Unit Vocabulary natural selection vestigial speciation Darwin homologous structures binomial nomenclature taxonomy cladogram classification evolution adaptation Page 16 of 26 Fayette County Schools Learning Map Content Area: Biology Grade 10 Third Nine Weeks Response Unit Key Learning/ Power Standards Power Standard 8: Students will theorize about the effects of internal and environmental stimuli on the structures and systems of living organisms (simple and complex), and they will investigate the tendency of organisms and ecosystems to maintain homeostasis. Benchmark CSOs SC.O.B.2.8 – differentiate the mechanisms of homeostasis in living systems (negative and positive feedback). Unit EQ SC.O.B.2.4 - relate the structure and function of individual body systems to the overall functioning of the organism. How is homeostasis maintained? SC.O.B.2.5 – predict and assess responses of organisms to internal and environmental stimuli. Prentice Hall Biology Prentice Hall Biology Prentice Hall Biology Textbook Correlation Chapters 34 and 35 Chapters 35 - 40 Chapters 1 and 34 Lab 1. Response/Homeostasis Activities/Resources a. http://www.the-aps.org/education/k12curric/activities/pdfs/lyon.pdf b. http://www.the-aps.org/education/k12curric/activities/pdfs/pittis-fish.PDF c. http://apps.caes.uga.edu/sbof/main/lessonPlan/earthWorm.pdf d. http://www.lz95.org/lzhs/science/jhawkins/anatomyh/fall/ch1homeostasisactivity.pdf e. http://www.isu.edu/biolearn/Lesson%20Plans/behavior/lessonplans/LessonAnimalBehavior.html f. http://www.lessonplansinc.com/science.php/biology/types/Experiment/P30/ g. http://www2.vernier.com/sample_labs/BWV-29-COMP-ventilation_heart_rate.pdf h. http://www2.vernier.com/sample_labs/BWV-28-COMP-monitoring_ekg.pdf Lesson EQ’s 1. How do organisms maintain homeostasis? 1. What must organisms do to stay alive? 1. How do organisms respond? Page 17 of 26 Unit Vocabulary stimuli response tissues organs homeostasis organ systems negative/positive feedback Fayette County Schools Learning Map Content Area: Biology Grade 10 Fourth Nine Weeks Cell Energy Unit Key Learning/ Power Standards Benchmark CSOs Unit EQ Textbook Correlation Power Standard 5: Students will apply the conservation of energy theory as they calculate flow of matter and energy through a food web, apply the absorption spectrum of photosynthetic pigments to the action spectrum of photosynthesis, and estimate the efficiency cellular respiration and fermentation. SC.O.B.2.7 – quantitatively analyze the flow of SC.O.B.2.22 - interpret changes in energy as it energy through cellular processes such as flows through an ecosystem to illustrate photosynthesis, cellular respiration and conservation of energy in the energy pyramid, food fermentation. web, food chain. How is energy cycled through the environment? Prentice Hall Biology Chapters 8 and 9 Prentice Hall Biology Chapter 3 Lab Activities/Resources 1. Cell Energy a. http://quest.arc.nasa.gov/smore/teachers/act10.html b. http://www.biologycorner.com/worksheets/photosynthesis_rate.html c. http://www.biologycorner.com/worksheets/photosynthesis_BTB.html d. http://www.umsl.edu/~microbes/pdf/Swell%20Lab.pdf e. http://www.bottlebiology.org/ f. http://www2.vernier.com/sample_labs/BWV-17-COMP-aerobic_respiration.pdf g. http://www2.vernier.com/sample_labs/BWV-01-COMP-energy_food.pdf h. http://www2.vernier.com/sample_labs/BWV-16B-COMP-temperature_fermentation.pdf Page 18 of 26 i. Lesson EQ’s Unit Vocabulary autotroph Kreb’s Cycle carnivore ecosystem http://www2.vernier.com/sample_labs/BWV-12B-COMP-sugar_fermentation.pdf 1. What is the role of ATP in cellular activity? 2. How do plants produce energy? 3. How do organisms release energy from food? heterotroph producer herbivore photosynthesis ATP consumer omnivore fermentation 1. Where does the energy for life come from? 2. How does energy flow through living systems? glycolysis cellular respiration decomposer trophic level food chain food web ecological pyramid Fayette County Schools Learning Map Content Area: Biology Grade10 Fourth Nine Weeks Ecology Unit Page 19 of 26 Key Learning/ Power Standards Power Standard 6: Students will propose models that incorporate interactions of biotic and abiotic variables in the best management practices that affect succession, populations, and communities as they consider the implications of the introduction of exotic species and human activities in the biosphere. Power Standard 12: Students will use traditional tools and technology to analyze population changes and determine limiting factors as they assess complex interactions of organisms within ecosystems based interspecific and intraspecific variables. Benchmark CSOs SC.O.B.2.20 - evaluate environmental factors that affect succession, populations and communities. SC.O.B.2.23 - analyze interrelationships of organisms within an ecosystem : competition, predation, symbiosis, mutualism, parasitism, commensalism. SC.O.B.2.21 - propose ecosystem models that incorporate interactions of biotic and abiotic environmental variables in biogeochemical cycles. Unit EQ How do ecosystems change over time? Textbook Correlation Lab Activities/Resources Prentice Hall Biology Chapters 3 through 6 SC.O.B.2.24 - analyze graphs, GIS data and traditional maps reflecting changes in population to predict limiting factors in ecosystems as they determine carrying capacity. 1. Ecosystems a. http://www.bottlebiology.org/ b. http://www.biologycorner.com/worksheets/owlpellet.html c. http://www.lessonplansinc.com/science.php/biology/types/Experiment/P15/ d. http://www2.vernier.com/sample_labs/BWV-15-COMP-biodiversity_ecosystems.pdf e. http://www2.vernier.com/sample_labs/BWV-20-COMP-watershed_testing.pdf f. http://www2.vernier.com/sample_labs/BWV-14-COMP-interdependence_plants_animals.pdf g. http://www2.vernier.com/sample_labs/BWV-21-COMP-physical_profile_lake.pdf h. http://www2.vernier.com/sample_labs/BWV-18-COMP-acid_rain.pdf Page 20 of 26 Lesson EQ’s 1. What interactions occur within communities? 1. How does matter move 1. What interactions occur within communities? among the living and 2. How does population size change over time? nonliving parts of an ecosystem? 2. How do biotic and abiotic factors influence an ecosystem? Unit Vocabulary biotic mutualism biome population abiotic parasitism ecosystem habitat commensalism carrying capacity niche predator biosphere symbiosis ecological succession succession Page 21 of 26 Fayette County Schools Learning Map Content Area: Biology Grade 10 Ongoing Integration Current Science and Technology Unit Key Learning/ Power Standards Power Standard 2: Given a current science-technology-societal issue and using advanced technology tools, students will collaborate to present experimental designs and construct and defend potential solutions. Benchmark CSOs SC.O.B.1.7 - given current science-technology-societal issues, construct and defend potential solutions. Unit EQ How can science and technology help predict solutions to problems? Textbook Correlation 21st Century Online Resources Lesson EQ’s Prentice Hall Biology Chapter 1 and Technology and Society feature 1. What is the role of science and technology in the 21st Century? Unit Vocabulary Page 22 of 26 Fayette County Schools Learning Map Content Area: Biology Grade 10 Ongoing Integration Scientific History Unit Key Learning/ Power Standards Benchmark CSOs Unit EQ Textbook Correlation Power Standard 10: The student will gain an understanding innovation, invention, models, and methodologies as they research historical and cultural contributions in science; an inquiry process will provide explanations of how these contributions have shaped the world we live in and lead to effective problem solving skills for the 21st century. SC.O.B.1.2 - formulate scientific SC.O.B.1.8 - relate societal, explanations based on historical cultural and economic issues to observations and experimental key scientific innovations. evidence, accounting for variability in experimental results. SC.O.B.1.3 - conduct and/or design investigations that incorporate the skills and attitudes and/or values of scientific inquiry: established research protocol, accurate record keeping, replication of results and peer review, objectivity, openness, skepticism, fairness, or creativity and logic. How have the history and culture of science shaped the world we live in and led to effective 21st Century problem solving skills? Prentice Hall Biology Biology and History, Technology and Society, Problem Solving, Analyzing Data, and Issues in Biology features 21st Century Online Resources Lesson EQ’s 1. How does understanding the scientific past help prepare a 21st Century problem solver? Unit Vocabulary Page 23 of 26 Fayette County Schools Learning Map Content Area: Biology Grade 10 Ongoing Integration The Job of Science Unit Key Learning/ Power Standards Benchmark CSOs Unit EQ Power Standard 1: The student will explore various occupational opportunities in science, engineering and technology and synthesize concepts and across various science disciplines as they investigate, compare and design solutions to personal and societal problems. SC.O.B.1.9 - synthesize concepts across SC.O.B.1.6 - investigate, compare and design scientific and various science disciplines to better understand technological solutions to address personal and societal the natural world (e.g., form and function, problems. systems, and change over time. What is the goal of science? Prentice Hall Biology Textbook Correlation Chapter 1 st 21 Century Online Resources Lesson EQ’s 1. How are science and society related? Unit Vocabulary science technology Prentice Hall Biology Careers in Biology feature Revised June 2010 Page 24 of 26 Page 25 of 26 Page 26 of 26