Respiration
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Energy Molecules

ATP- Adenosine triphosphate ( think of it as a full battery, cash, usable money)

ADP- Adenosine diphosphate ( think of it as a partially charged battery)

ATP has more energy than ADP

o ATP has 3 phosphates Tri=3
o ADP has 2 phosphates Di=2

Cell work is life functions that take place in your body.

The main energy source for ATP is glucose ( food in humans, photosynthesis in
plants)
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Cell Respiration- releases energy ( ATP) from food ( glucose)

2 types of respiration
o Anerobic ( does not require oxygen)
o Aerobic ( requires oxygen)
II

Mitochondria- site for aerobic respiration

Glycolysis- happens in cytoplasm ( outside the mitochondria)

Kreb’s Cycle- happens in the matrix

Electron transfer chain- takes place in the inner membrane
Cytoplasm- site for anaerobic respiration
All living things do glycolosis.
Products of glycolosis:

Pyruvic acid

ATP
Glycolosis occurs in the cytoplasm. It is anaerobic, no oxygen is used.
Glycolosis turns glucose into pyruvic acid.

Uses 2 ATP, makes 4 ATP= net profit of 2 ATP
Pyruvic Acid can go to:
I

Alcoholic fermentation

Lactic acid fermentation

Aerobic respiration
Fermentation:
A)Alcoholic fermentation
Glucose----2 Pyruvic acid---ethyl alcohol+Co2+2 ATP

Yeast, bacteria

Used in brewing and baking

B) Lactic Acid Fermentation
( happens in the muscles of animals and bacteria)
Glucose--- pyruvic acid---lactic acid+2 ATP

Bacteria ( yogurt and cheese)

Animal muscle
o When there is a lack of O2, muscles switch to anaerobic
respiration.
o Fatigue: sore, tired feeling from buildup of lactic acid.
Aerobic Respiration:
Reactants
Products
Glucose
H20
2ATP
CO2
O2
36ATP
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Aerobic Respiration

Requires oxygen

All kingdoms have members that are aerobic

Glycolosis must occur before aerobic respiration
C6H12O6+6CO2---6CO2+ 6H20+36ATP
Glucose + Oxygen---carbon dioxide + water+36 ATP
2 Stages of aerobic respiration:
II

Kreb’s Cycle

Electron transport chain
Kreb’s Cycle: occurs after glycolosis in the Matrix of the Mitochondria.
1. Pyruvic acid enters the Kreb’s cycle from glycolosis
2. 2 ATP are made during the Kreb’s Cycle
3. NADH +FADH2 are made and carry energy to the next stage-- electron
transport chain
4. CO2 is produced here as a waste product.
III
Electron Transport Chain
1. Occurs in the Inner Membrane of the Mitochondria.
2. Uses the energy from NADH and FADH2 to generate 32 ATP molecules.
3. Oxygen “cleans up” the extra electrons used here and keeps the system
working.
OVERVIEW of AEROBIC RESPIRATION

Glycolysis- 2ATP (anaerobic)

Krebs Cycle- 2ATP

E. T. chain- 32 ATP
o Total 36 ATP
Aerobic is more efficient than anaerobic!!!!!!!!!!!