Date: _____________________________
Characteristics of Prokaryotes Worksheet
Part A
Match each lettered part of the diagram to its cell structure by writing its letter on the line provided.
_A____ 1. DNA
_B____ 2. cell membrane
_F____ 3. flagella
_D____ 4. cell wall
_E____ 5. cilia
_C____ 6. cytoplasm
Part B
Match each term in Column B with its description in Column A by writing its letter on the line provided.
__E___ 1. small pieces of circular DNA
a. binary fission
__A___ 2. chromosome replication, followed by cell division
b. conjugation
__G___ 3. special, dehydrated cell formed when conditions are unfavourable
c. extremophile
__B___ 4. exchange of genetic material through cell-to-cell contact
d. pili
__C___ 5. can survive in extreme environments
e. plasmid
__D___ 6. structure used for exchange of plasmid DNA
f. methanogenesis
__F___ 7. anaerobic metabolism, unique to Archaea
g. endospore
Part C
1. How does binary fission differ from
conjugation? Which process is
depicted in the Figure?
Binary fission = Reproduction
Conjugation = gene transfer, WITHOUT
reproduction
BINARY FISSION in picture
3. What is the main feature that distinguishes prokaryotic cells from eukaryotic cells?
Prokaryotes = no nucleus or membrane bound organelles (mitochondria, chloroplasts)
4. Name and describe the 3 main shapes of prokaryotes.
a. bacillus = rod
b. cocci = sphere
c. spiral
5. What are three types of extreme environmental conditions in which Archaea can thrive?
a. extreme heat - THERMOPHILE
b. low Ph - ACIDOPHILE
c. high salt - HALOPHILE
6. Describe the structure of prokaryotic chromosomes.
Circular + bacterial is naked (no proteins)
naked, might have proteins
7. Name and describe two structures that bacteria can use to move.
a. flagella - whip
b. cilia - hairs
archaeal might be
Part D: Comparison
Place the terms in the appropriate columns.
TERMS:
unicellular
can live without oxygen
come in different shapes
prokaryotic
thermophiles
E.coli is an example
plasmid DNA
methanogens
peptidoglycan in cell wall
cell wall
halophiles
pathogenic
form pilli
form colonies
flagella
proteins associated with DNA
thrive in extreme conditions
some aerobic and some
anaerobic
Archaea ONLY
Bacteria ONLY
Pathogenic
Proteins associate W DNA
E.coli is an example
methanogens
peptidoglycan in cell wall
microscopic
Archaea & Bacteria
can live without oxygen (anaerobic)
form colonies
come in different shapes