CHEMISTRY 100
Gerry Marangoni, Office PSC 3008, Phone 867-2324
e-mail: gmarango@stfx.ca; g_marangoni@colloid.stfx.ca
Text: Chemistry - The Central Science (12th edition) by
T.L. Brown, H.E. LeMay, B.E. Bursten, C. Murphy, and P. Woodward,
Prentice Hall, 2011 (note – the 11th edition may also be used).
Lectures:
Daily, 8:30 - 11:30 AM (approx.), PSC 3046
Lab:
Monday, Tuesday, and Thursday, 1:30- 4:30 pm, PSC 2010 (see posted lab schedule
on website).
Evaluation: 2 major exams and 4 quizzes comprise 65% of the final mark; the lab
component accounts for the remaining 20%. The final course mark is normally
calculated in the following way:
Daily (?) Quizzes
Weekly Quizzes
Mid-Term Exam
Final Exam (Full)
Laboratory Sessions





10 %
15 %
25 %
30 %
20 %
100 %
PLEASE NOTE:
The lecture component (80%) and the lab component (20%) must each be passed separately in
order to receive a passing grade for the course. In addition, if a student fails to complete more
than 5 labs (for whatever reason), a failing grade will be assigned for the course. A complete lab
means carrying out the designated procedure and submitting a completed lab module for that
procedure.
Testing Schedule
Quiz #1
Quiz #2
Quiz #3
Quiz #4
MID-TERM EXAM
(3 hours)
FINAL EXAM
(3 hours)




Monday July 9/12.
Monday July 16/12.
Monday July 30/12.
Monday August 6/12.
Friday July 20/12 – 9:00 AM.
Monday August 13/12 – 9:00 AM.
Topics Outline
The following outline is based on the above text. Those topics designated “READ" are part of the
course material, but, with a few exceptions, will not be covered in detail during lectures.
Chapter 1.
INTRODUCTION: SOME BASIC CONCEPTS
1.1. The Study of Chemistry
READ
1.2. Classifications of Matter
READ
1.3. Properties of Matter
READ
1.4. Units of Measurement
READ
1.5. Uncertainty in Measurement
1.6. Dimensional Analysis
Chapter 2.
ATOMS, MOLECULES, AND IONS
2.1. The Atomic Theory of Matter
READ
2.2. The Discovery of Atomic Structure READ
2.3. The Modern View of Atomic Structure
2.4. Atomic Weights
2.5. The Periodic Table
2.6. Molecules and Molecular Compounds
2.7. Ions and Ionic Compounds
2.8. Naming Inorganic Compounds
2.9. Some Simple Organic Compounds
STOICHIOMETRY: CALCULATIONS WITH CHEMICAL FORMULAS
AND EQUATIONS
Chapter 3.
3.1.
3.2.
3.3.
3.4.
3.5.
3.6.
3.7.
Chemical Equations
Some Patterns of Chemical Reactivity
Formula Weights
The Mole
Empirical Formulas from Analyses
Quantitative Information from Balanced Equations
Limiting Reactants
Chapter 4.
AQUEOUS REACTIONS AND SOLUTION STOICHIOMETRY
4.1. General Properties of Aqueous Solutions
4.2. Precipitation Reactions
4.3. Acid-Base Reactions
4.5 Concentrations of Solutions
4.6 Solution Stoichiometry and Chemical Analyses
Chapter 4/20
4.4
20.1
20.2
OXIDATION REDUCTION REACTIONS
Oxidation Reduction Reactions
Oxidation-Reduction Reactions
Balancing Oxidation-Reduction Equations
2
3
Chapter 10.
10.1
10.2
10.3
10.4
10.5
10.6
10.7
10.8
10.9
GASES
Chapter 5.
5.3
5.4
5.6
ENERGY RELATIONSHIPS IN CHEMISTRY: THERMOCHEMISTRY
Chapter 14
CHEMICAL KINETICS
14.1
14.2
14.3
14.4
14.5
14.6
14.7
Characteristics of Gases
Pressure
The Gas Laws
The Ideal-Gas Equation
Further Applications of the Ideal Gas Equation
Gas Mixtures and Partial Pressures
Kinetic-Molecular Theory
Molecular Effusion and Diffusion
Real Gases: Deviations from Ideal Behavior
Enthalpy
Enthalpies of Reaction
Hess's Law
Factors that Affect Reaction Rates
Reactions Rates
Concentration and Rate
Change of Concentration with Time
Temperature and Rate
Reaction Mechanisms
READ
Catalysis
Chapter 15
15.1
15.2
15.3
15.4
15.5
15.6
CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM
Chapter 16
16.1
16.2
16.3
16.4
16.5
16.6
16.7
16.8
16.9
ACID-BASE EQUILIBRIA
The Concept of Equilibrium
The Equilibrium Constant
Heterogeneous Equilibria
Calculating Equilibrium Constants
Applications of Equilibrium Constants
Le Châtelier's Principle
Acids and Bases – A Brief Review
Brønsted-Lowry Acids and Bases
The Autoionization of Water
The pH Scale
Strong Acids and Bases
Weak Acids
Weak Bases
Relation Between Ka and Kb
Acid-Base Properties of Salt Solutions
16.10
16.11
Chapter 17
17.1
17.2
17.3
17.4
17.5
17.6
17.7
Acid-Base Behavior and Chemical Structure
Lewis Acids and Bases
READ
READ
The Common-Ion Effect
Buffered Solutions
Acid-Base Titrations
Solubility Equilibria
Factors that Effect Solubility
Precipitation and Separation of Ions
Qualitative Analyses for Metallic Elements
READ
Chapter 5
5.1
5.2
5.4
5.5
5.7
5.8
ENERGY RELATIONSHIPS IN CHEMISTRY: THERMOCHEMISTRY
Chapter 19
19.1
19.2
19.3
19.4
19.5
19.6
19.7
CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS
Chapter 6
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
6.7
6.8
6.9
ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE OF ATOMS
Chapter 7
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
PERIODIC PROPERTIES OF THE ELEMENTS
ADDITIONAL ASPECTS OF AQUEOUS EQUILIBRIA
The Nature of Energy
The First Law of Thermodynamics
Enthalpies of Reaction
Calorimetry
Enthalpies of Formation
Foods and Fuels
Spontaneous Processes
Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics
A Molecular Interpretation of Entropy
Calculation of Entropy Changes
Gibbs Free Energy
Free Energy and Temperature
Free Energy and the Equilibrium Constant
The Wave Nature of Light
READ
Quantized Energy and Photons
READ
Bohr's Model of the Hydrogen Atom
READ
The Wave Behaviour of Matter
READ
Quantum Mechanics and Atomic Orbitals
READ
Representations of Orbitals
Orbitals in Many-Electron Atoms
Electron Configurations
Electron Configurations and the Periodic Table
Development of the Periodic Table
Electron Shells and the Sizes of Atoms
Sizes of Atoms and Ions
Ionization Energy
READ
4
7.5
7.6
Electron Affinities
Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids
Chapter 8
8.1
8.2
8.3
8.4
8.5
8.6
8.7
8.8
BASIC CONCEPTS OF CHEMICAL BONDING
Chapter 9
9.1
9.2
9.3
9.4
9.5
9.6
MOLECULAR GEOMETRY AND BONDING THEORIES
Chapter 11
11.1
11.2
11.3
11.4
11.5
11.6
INTERMOLECULAR FORCES, LIQUIDS, AND SOLIDS
Chapter 24
24.1
24.2
24.3
24.4
24.5
24.6
24.7
24.8
24.9
24.10
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Chemical Bonds, Lewis Symbols, and the Octet Rule
Ionic Bonding
Covalent Bonding
Bond Polarities and Electronegativity
Drawing Lewis Structures
Resonance Structures
Exceptions to the Octet Rule
Strengths of Covalent Bonds
Molecular Shapes
The VSEPR Model
Polarity of Polyatomic Molecules
Covalent Bonding and Orbital Overlap
Hybrid Orbitals
Multiple Bonds
A Molecular Comparison of Solids and Liquids
Intermolecular Forces
Some Properties of Liquids
Phase Changes
Vapor Pressure
Phase Diagrams
General Characteristics of Organic Molecules
Introduction to Hydrocarbons
Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Organic Functional Groups
Chirality in Organic Chemistry
Introduction to Biochemistry
Proteins
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Nucleic Acids
5
Chapter 13
13.1
13.2
13.3
13.4
13.5
13.6
Chapter 21
21.1
21.2
21.3
21.4
21.6
21.7
21.8
21.9
PROPERTIES OF SOLUTIONS (TIME PERMITTING)
The Solution Process
Saturated Solutions and Solubility
Factors Affecting Solubility
Ways of Expressing Concentrations
Colligative Properties
Colloids
READ
NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY (TIME PERMITTING)
Radioactivity
Patterns of Nuclear Stability
Nuclear Transmutations
Rates of Nuclear Decay
Energy Changes in Nuclear Reactions
Nuclear Fission
Nuclear Fusion
Biological Effects of Radiation
6