NAME_________________________
Chapter 15 Toward the Civil War (1840-1861) Section 1 Slavery and the West
Missouri
•___________________- Missouri applied for statehood
•Slavery was ___________________ in Missouri
•This sparked an ___________________ debate in Congress
•There were 22 states in the Union
•___________________ slave states/ ___________________ free states
•Each state got ___________________ votes (Senate)
•Adding another state would tip the ___________________between slave states and free states
North and South
•The North and South had different economies and were competing for new land in the West
•At the same time, many Northerners wanted to restrict or ban ___________________
•Southerners ___________________ these antislavery efforts (even those that disliked slavery)
•Southerners resented the ___________________ by outsiders in Southerners’ affairs
•This grew into ___________________ between the North and South
What to do with Missouri
•Senate suggested allowing Missouri join as a ___________________ state and ___________________ join as
a free state
•The Senate wanted to settle the issue of slavery in the ___________________ for good
•Senate proposed banning slavery in the rest of the Louisiana Purchase north of ________________ latitude
•Speaker of the House Henry ___________________ guided the bill through the House of Representatives
(passed by a close vote)
•Maine was the 23rd state and Missouri was 24th
•The Missouri Compromise preserved the ___________________ between slave and free states
•This was a ___________________ solution in the debate over slavery
Slavery
•The debate over ___________________ erupted again in the 1840s
•___________________ was added and slavery was already legal there
•Texas ___________________was the main issue in the presidential election of ___________________
•Texas became a state in ___________________
•Shortly after the Mexican War began, Representative David Wilmost from Pennsylvania introduced a proposal
•The __________________________________would ban slavery in any lands the US would get from Mexico
Southerners’ Response
•Southerners’ ___________________ the Wilmot Proviso
•Southerners’ felt this endangered slavery ___________________
•They wanted New Mexico and ___________________ open to slavery
•John C. ___________________ (SC) countered with another proposal
•It said that neither Congress nor any territory had the authority to ban slavery from a territory or regulate it
•___________________ proposal passed, but caused bitter debate
•By the next election, the US gained New Mexico and California, but took no action on ___________________
Election of 1848
•1848- The Whigs selected Zachary ___________________ as their candidate
•Taylor was a Southerner and a ___________________ of the Mexican War
•The Democrats chose Senator Lewis ___________________ of Michigan
•Both candidates ___________________ the issue of slavery
•The failure to take a stand ___________________ voters
Election of 1848 Continued
•Many opponents of slavery left their parties and formed the ___________________________________Party
•“Free Soil, Free Speech, Free Labor, and Free ___________________”
•The Free-Soil Party chose former president ___________________ as their candidate
•Taylor won, but the Free-Soil Party gained several seats in ___________________
Issues in the US
•___________________ applied for statehood in 1849 (After the Gold Rush)
•Meanwhile, antislavery forces wanted to ban slavery in ___________________, D.C.
•Southerners also wanted a national law that required states to return ___________________ enslaved people
•The key issue was the ___________________ of power in the Senate (30 states 15/15)
•Southerners talked about ___________________ from the Union
Compromising
•1850- Senator Henry Clay proposed that California enter as a ___________________ state
•The rest of the new territories would have ______________________________________ on slavery
•The slave trade (Not slavery itself) would be ___________________ in Washington D.C.
•Clay also pushed for a stronger ___________________ slave law
•Senator John C. Calhoun ___________________ the plan
•Calhoun felt that the Union could be saved only by ___________________ slavery
•Senator ___________________ supported the plan
•Webster said that slavery had little chance in the new territories because the land was not suited for
___________________
The Compromise of 1850
•President Taylor was an ___________________ of Clay’s plan
•But Taylor ___________________ unexpectedly and Millard Fillmore took over as president
•Fillmore ___________________ the compromise
•To end the crisis, Illinois Senator Stephen A. Douglas divided Clay’s plan into 4 parts Each part would be
voted on ___________________
•Fillmore had several Whigs abstain on parts they ___________________
•The 5 parts passed and became known as the ______________________________________
The Parts of the Compromise of 1850
•California would be admitted as a free state.
•The New Mexico territory would have no restrictions on slavery.
•The New Mexico-Texas border dispute would be settled in favor of New Mexico.
•The slave trade but not slavery it self would be abolished in the district of Colombia.
•Stronger fugitive state law.
Essential Question
Did the compromises that Congress made effectively address slavery and sectionalism?
- Compromises dealt primarily with ______________ issues
- Admittance of new ____________
- Maintaining ______________ in Congress
- The compromises did not address ____________ at the ________________ level