МИНИСТЕРСТВО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ И НАУКИ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ
НЕГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЕ
УЧРЕЖДЕНИЕ ВЫСШЕГО ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ
«НОВЫЙ ГУМАНИТАРНЫЙ ИНСТИТУТ»
ФАКУЛЬТЕТ ИНОСТРАННЫХ ЯЗЫКОВ
УЧЕБНОЕ ПОСОБИЕ ПО ПРАКТИЧЕСКОЙ
ГРАММАТИКЕ
Казанцев С.А.
Электросталь-2013
1
Предисловие
Предлагаемый
сборник
упражнений
предназначен
широкому кругу
учащихся – и студентам, и тем, кто самостоятельно изучает грамматику
английского языка, и абитуриентам, готовящимся к вступительному экзамену по
английскому языку в вуз. Пособие включает большое количество тренировочных
упражнений по следующим темам: видо-временные формы личного глагола,
пассивный
залог,
косвенная
речь.
Наибольшее
количество
упражнений
направлено на отработку материала от понимания и практического усвоения
которого зависит эффективность работы над последующими темами – это,
прежде всего, ряд видо-временных форм (The Present indefinite tense; The Present
continuous tense; The Present perfect tense; the Past indefinite tense; The Past
continuous tense), а также различные способы выражения будущего времени.
Материал для упражнений отобран с таким расчетом, чтобы, с одной
стороны, не создавать дополнительных лексических трудностей при работе с
упражнениями, а с другой – служить образцом хорошего английского языка, что
обеспечивает
не
только
тренировку
и
закрепление
того
или
иного
грамматического правила, но и усвоение идиоматики английского языка. Другим
принципом отбора материала, включенного в упражнения, является его
типичность для английского языка как по лексике и грамматике, так и по
ситуациям. В силу этого последнего обстоятельства материал упражнений
приобретает познавательную ценность в страноведческом плане.
Виды упражнений определяются характером грамматического материала,
подлежащего
тренировке.
Большое
значение
придается
упражнениям,
содержащим примеры для анализа и объяснения употребления того или иного
грамматического явления, что позволяет преподавателю одновременно решать
несколько методических задач. Во-первых, упражнения на анализ дают
преподавателю возможность проверить знание обучающимися грамматических
правил и правильное их понимание. Во-вторых, они создают хорошую основу
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для того, чтобы научить обучающихся
логически формулировать мысли на
английском языке. В-третьих, анализируя упражнения, студент учится не только
понимать иллюстрируемое явление, но и видеть контекст, в котором это явление
функционирует, а также различные лексико-грамматические маркеры. Вчетвертых, характер грамматического материала и лексическая наполняемость
упражнений создают благоприятные условия для развития навыков устной речи,
при
этом
преподаватель
должен
следить,
чтобы
изучаемое
явление
функционировало в словосочетаниях и предложениях типичных для английского
синтаксиса, отражающих естественные ситуации.
Всегда необходимо помнить, что глубокому пониманию того или иного
грамматического явления способствует изучение этого явления в условиях
сопоставления – особенно этот метод эффективен при изучении видо-временных
форм (Present Continuous – Present Simple; Present Perfect – Past Simple; Past
Simple – Past Continuous etc.). При сопоставительном анализе функционирования
грамматических
форм
важно
научить
студента
видеть
взаимодействие
передаваемого значения и контекста.
1 to be (was\were, been)
14 to clean
-be away, in, out
15 to work (on sth, for sb)
-for, against sth
16 to think (thought) of, about
-be on
17 to understand (understood)
-be in | out of order
18 to fall (fell, fallen)
-be present, absent, busy, free
19 to talk of , about
-be well, ill
20 to tell (told) sb sth
-be right, wrong
21 to speak (spoke, spoken)
-be over, married, sure
22 to say (said) sth to sb
-be fond of, interested in
23 to listen to
2 to have (had)
-meals, dinner, tea
-have sth on
24 to hear (heard) (of, about)
-hear from sb
25 to forget (forgot, forgotten)
26 to decide to do sth
3
-have a wash, a smoke, a walk, a swim, a look
3 to play sth\ with
27 to cry (at)
28 to shout at
-play the piano, the guitar
29 to become (became, become) sth
-play football, golf
30 to meet (met)
-for money, pleasure
31 to smile at
4 to look at\for\after\ through
32 to laugh at
-look well, bad, ill, nice
33 to visit sb, sth
-look like sb
34 to cross
35 to choose (chose, chosen)
5
5 to go (went, gone) to
-go home
37 to build (built)
-go by car, train, bus, air
38 to walk
-go on foot
39 to finish
-go on a trip, excursion
40 to end (sth with)
-go swimming, fishing, shopping, skiing
41 to wait for
-go in for sport
42 to buy (bought)
6 to come (came, come) to
-come home, come in, out of, across sb
7
36 to brush
7 to get (got) up, to, in, out,
-get on, off a bus, train
43 to pay (paid)
44 to sell (sold)
45 to cost (cost)
46 to use
47 to send (sent)
8 to find (found)
48 to spend (spent)
- find sth out
49 to waste
-find oneself in
50 to rest
9
to lose (lost)
51 to grow (grew, grown)
10
to leave (left)
52 to catch (caught)
-leave the office, a message
53 to carry (on)
-leave for Moscow
54 to pick (up)
11
to stay at (sb's flat, hotel) for (dinner)
-stay indoors, outdoors,
55 to hang (hung)
56 to ring (rang, rung)
12 to wash (sth with)
13 to watch
57 to see (saw, seen)
67
to call (on sb, for sb)
4
-call off sth.
-see sb off
-see to sth
-see sb home\to the cinema
-let me see, I see, you see
68
69
to like sth
-Do as you like
58 to feel (felt) well-bad, ill, good, tired, fine, at home
59 to run (ran, run)
to want-sth, to do sth
70 to let (let) sb do
-to run a factory
-let sb know
-to run out of sth, across sb
-let bygones be bygones
71
to sit (sat) at sth, on sth, in sth
60 to bring (brought)
-to sit exams
-bring sb up
-to sit back
72
61 to take (took, taken)
-can't stand sth
-it takes sb (time) to do sth
-to stand by sb
-take a bus, train, taxi
-take(have) coffee for breakfast
-take pictures, an exam
-take part in sth -take it easy
-take sth off
62 to give (gave, given) sth up
63 to try (to do sth)
64 to do (did, done)
-a room, one's hair
-exercises, lessons, work, tasks
-do one's best
-do sb a favour
-do sb a lot good (bad, harm)
-that will (won't) do
65
to make (made)
-a coat, dinner, tea
-a speech, a report, a list -a mistake, an offence
-money, profit, a living
-friends, enemies
-progress, an appointment
to stand (stood)
-to stand for
73 to eat (ate, eaten) (slowly, quickly, with pleasure)
74
to drink (drank, drunk)
75
to help sb with sth, out, up
-Help yourself (to sth)
-can't help doing sth
76
to fall (down, asleep, in love, out of love, ill)
77
to shut (shut)
78
to close
79
to open
80
to put (put)
-to put sth off
-to put on a dress
-to put on a play, music show
-put on weight, speed
-put on light, gas
-put out fire, light, cigarette
-put out products
-put sb u p
-put rent, prices u p
5
-make up one's mind
-put up with sth
-make sb do sth
-put two and two together
-put the blame on sb
66 to know(knew, known) sth, about, of sth
81
to learn (of, about sth) by heart
-as far as I know
82
to teach (taught) (sb to do sth)
-you never know with sb
83
to read (read) (aloud)
-know sb by sight, name, sb's works
84
to write (wrote, written)
-to come(get) to know sb
85
to sleep (slept) badly, well, soundly
86 to ask (for sth)
126
to wake sb (up)
87 to answer sb (a question)
127
to quarrel (with, because of)
-the door, the phone
128
to fail (at)
129
to draw (drew, drawn)
130
to paint
90 to imagine (sb doing sth)
131
to follow sb
91 to believe sb, sth (in)
132
to beat (beat, beaten)
133
to strike (struck"
92 to borrow sth from
134
to hit (hit)
93 -to happen (to sb)
135
to kiss
95 to win (the match, game, war)
136
137
to need sth
to repeat
96 to behave (well, badly, properly)
138 to shine (shone)
88 to begin (began, begun) (at, from, with)
89 to start
94 to marry sb (be married to sb)
-Behave yourself!
139 to smoke
,
140 to advise
97 to cut (cut) into
98 to climb sth
141 to cook
99 to drive (drove, driven) (madly, carefully)
142 to swim (swam, swum)
100 to ride (rode, ridden)
143 to earn (one's living)
101 to dress
144 to hide (hid, hidden)
145 to conceal sth from
102 to rise (rose, risen)
103 to raise sth
146 to bite (bit, bitten)
104 to wear (wore, worn) sth
147 to belong to sb
105 to
148 to lie (lay, lain)
money)
keep
(kept)
(animals,
149 to lie to sb
6
106 -on doing sth
150 to lay (laid) (the table)
-sb down
151 to pass sth, sb
106 to hold (held) (on)
152 to forgive (forgave, forgiven)sb for
107 to change
153 to excuse sb
108 to miss sb, sth
154 to arrive at, in
109 to die (of, from)
155 to forbid (forbade, forbidden) sb to do
110 to remember
156 to discuss sth with
111 to remind (sb of)
157 to feed (fed) sb on
112 to enter sth
158 to hope (for the best)
113 to introduce sb to sb
159 to hurry to
114 to enjoy sth
160 to invite sb to
115 to turn (on, off)
161 to join (sb)
116 to recognize sb
162 to jump at
117 to receive
163 to lock
118 to break (broke, broken) (with sb, down sth)
164 to move (in, out)
119 to present sth to sb\ sb with sth
165 to plant (sth with)
120 to care about, for,
166 to promise sth to sb
121 to shake (shook, shaken) (with cold, fear)
167 to repair
122 to tremble
168 to fix
123 to improve
169 to return (sth to sb)
124 to correct
125 to interrupt
170 to lead (led) (sb to)
214 to steal (stole, stolen)
171 to mention sth to sb
215 to rob (sb of sth)
172 to mind sth, ing
216 to spoil
173 to pour
217 to save (sb from)
174 to punish (sb for)
218 to prefer (sth to sth)
175 to appoint sb sth
219 to expect (sth from)
220 to drop sth
176 to occur to sb
177 to explore
221 to attract (sb with, by)
178 to consult sb
222 to fight (fought)
7
179 to differ from
223
to struggle for, against, with
180 to distinguish (between, sth from)
224
to hate (sb for)
225
to hurt (hurt)
182 to face sth
226
to trouble (sb with)
183 to complete
227
to worry about
184 to blow (blew, blown)
228
to agree with, to, on
185 to persuade sb to do
229
to refuse ( from sth, to do sth)
230
to explain sth to sb
187 to damage
231
to describe sth to sb
188 to destroy
232
to impress sb with
189 to depend on
233
to express sth
190 to create
234
to arrange
235
to treat sb (sb to sth, sb for sth)
192 to protect sb from
236
to announce
193 to defend
237
o part with
194 to attend sth
238
to suit sb
195 to act
239
to fit sb
240
to touch
197 to respect sb
241
to collect
198 to stare at
242
to gather
181 to bore sb, sth (with questions)
186 to convince sb of
191 to deliver
196 to trust (sb with)
199 to stretch
243 to surprise sb with, by
200 to settle in
244 to point at
245 to serve
201 to divide (sth between, among)
202 to (dis)obey sb
246 to guess
203 to cough
247 to pack
204 to sneeze
248 to afford sth, to do sth
205 to continue (to do, doing)
249 to seem to sb
250 to smell (of)
206 to compare sth with
207 to type
251 to taste (good, bad)
208 to mean (meant)
252 to sound
253 to burn (burnt)
8
209 to pull
254 to realize
210 to push
255 to puzzle sb with
211 to fill (sth with
256 to tear (tore, torn)
212 to praise sb for
257 to offer sth to, to do sth
213 to apologize to sb for sth
258 lo warn sb of, about
271 to suggest sth, ING
259 to accept
272 to sink (sank, sunk)
260 to ease
273 to bear (bore, born)
274 to complain of, about, to sb
261 to step (back, aside, forward)
275 to discover
262 to identify
263 to tie (sb with)
276 to amuse (sb with)
264 to cure sb of
277 to entertain
265 to pour
278 to manage sth, to do
279 to regard sb as
266 to chat
280 to allow (sth, sb to do)
267 to breathe (in, out)
268 to book
to excite \thrill\
269
to add (sth to)
281 to deny sth, ING
282 to encourage sb to do
283 to confirm
284 to involve sb in
285 to train
286 to promote sb
287 to deal with
to cost, to play, to see, to keep, to understand, to watch, to get, to come, to write, to
read, to take, to make, to cook, to accept, to have, to need, to sell, to work, to do, to
change, to believe, to wear, to look, to live, to use, to belong, to wake (up), to hurt, to
agree, to matter, to leave, to try, to fit, to arrive, to point, to cook, to wait, to realize,
to buy, to save, to allow, to enjoy, to plan, to stay, to give, to ask, to warn, to
mention, to cross, to behave.
9
to pay, to feel, to find, to teach, to think, to listen, to eat, to walk, to recognize, to cut
(down on), to meet, to miss, to bathe, to lose, to disturb, to damage, to build, to drink,
to put, to learn, to sleep, to install, to pass, to water, to turn, to climb, to carry, to
clean, to shut, to open, to hear, to rise, to know, to love, to finish, to dance, to
arrange, to lie, to catch, to forget, to worry, to refuse, to go, to fall, to spend, to
happen, to answer, to begin, to start, to win (100 глаголов).
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GRAMMAR
Билет стоит 100 рублей. Два раза в неделю он играет на гитаре в клубе.
Мы встречаемся с Н. завтра. Я обычно храню молоко в холодильнике. Вы
понимаете это предложение? Полиция не следит за домом. У них есть
свой дом. Ваш босс сердит. Они редко приезжают вечером. Он пишет пофранцузски. Я никогда не читаю инструкции. На это уходит много
времени. Они торопятся. Вы можете увидеть море из дома. Моя мама
готовит пищу на масле. На улице очень холодно. Я принимаю ваше
предложение. Я ем тосты на завтрак. Мне нужна новая куртка. Моя
соседка продает фрукты. Он всегда много работает. Я часто выполняю
работу по дому. Ему требуется больше денег. Она занимается пением
каждую неделю. Каждый студент выступает с короткой речью перед
другими студентами (to give a short speech to the rest of the group). Он
делает все возможное. Ну, хватит! Я не собираюсь больше это слушать!
(to listen to any more of it). Я встаю в 6.00 каждый день. Ты это делаешь
специально. Мы хорошо проводим время на каникулах. Свежий воздух
идет ей на пользу. Мне нужно почистить часы. Он попадает в дорожную
аварию каждый год. Она всегда сама шьет свою одежду. Я не вижу
никакой разницы. Ты видишь какую-нибудь разницу? Он всегда приходит
вовремя. Я всегда читаю документы внимательно. Мне нужно поменять
ботинки.
Я всегда выхожу на этой остановке. Я верю тебе. Он всегда носит темные
очки. Туман усиливается. Апельсины выглядят не очень хорошо. Он не
выглядит на свой возраст. Я живу один. Я обычно пользуюсь
велосипедом. Кому это принадлежит? Не буди его так рано. Летом я
продаю фрукты. Не бойтесь! Это не больно. Я согласен с вами. Мне
многое надо сделать. Это (не)имеет большое значение. Не оставляйте
детей одних. Мой сосед приехал на велосипеде. Попытайтесь сделать это
снова. Это уместится в вашу сумку. Поезд прибыл прошлым вечером в 7
11
часов. У моей бабушки часто болит голова. Этот художник пишет
портреты известных людей. Я горжусь своей дочерью. Я обычно готовлю
завтрак для своей семьи. Тебе лучше подождать его. Она почти никогда
не готовит. Ты осознаешь опасность? Мы обычно покупаем продукты
быстрого приготовления. Я иногда пытаюсь накопить денег. Мои
родители не позволяют мне ходить на вечеринки. Мы добираемся туда на
машине. Она не пошла с нами. Я люблю балет . Мы планируем свой
отдых очень тщательно. Я всегда следую советам своего отца. Нет
никакого смысла разговаривать с ним. Когда-то здесь росли деревья. Он
может читать всю ночь. Нам нужно найти отель. Я часто пытаюсь
бросить курить с понедельника. Когда-то я пил много пива. Не задавай
глупых вопросов. Мы должны предупредить людей об опасности. Не
напоминай мне о нем. Опасно пересекать дорогу в этом месте.
Информация устарела. Этот ребенок ведет себя очень плохо. Оставь
ненужные вещи дома. Я слишком много ем и поэтому я толстею. Снимай
куртку и проходи в комнату. Я заканчиваю работу поздно, и мне
приходится долго ждать автобус. Ему надо меньше курить. Мы иногда
встречаемся на Пикадилли. Очень легко разминуться в многолюдном
месте. Ребенку еще нет трех лет. Если я задерживаюсь на работе, то
домой я добираюсь на такси. Не разрешайте детям купаться в реке. Он
никогда не теряет вещи. Легко заблудиться в большом городе. Не
мешайте ему. Что так сильно шумит? Курение может повредить твоему
здоровью. Изучение иностранного языка – полезное занятие. Тебе
нравится? Я сплю плохо, если много работаю. Ее волосы выглядят
ужасно. В доме только что установили новую антенну. Я хочу сдать
экзамен на водительские права. Поливайте это растение два раза в
неделю. Включи свет, я ничего не вижу. Нам не придется нести покупки
домой. В бутылке нет воды, открой еще одну, пожалуйста. Я думаю, пора
вызывать врача. Смешайте ингредиенты, и ваше блюдо готово. Нам надо
12
успеть на 8-часовой поезд. Ты слишком много беспокоишься по
пустякам.
It costs 100; they play the guitar; we’re seeing Mary tomorrow; I keep it in the fridge;
you understand it; the police are watching the house; they’ve got a house; your boss
is angry; they are coming tonight; I write in French; I read the instructions; it takes a
long time; you’ve made a mistake; they are in a hurry; I can see the sea from the
house; to write to him; to cook in butter; it is freezing; to accept the offer; to have
eggs for breakfast; he needs a new coat; to sell fruit; to work hard; to do the
housework; to need more money; to have a singing lesson every week; to make a
speech; he does his best; to get up at 6 every day; you do it on purpose; to have a
good time; that does it; the drink did him good; my watch needs cleaning; to have an
accident; she makes her own clothes; to do the exercises; to see no difference; do you
see any difference?; to be in time; read it carefully; to change one’s shoes; to get out
at the next stop; I believe it; to wear dark glasses; the fog is getting thicker; the
oranges don’t look very good; I don’t look my age; to live alone; to use one’s
bicycle; it belongs to me; to wake smbd. up; to sell the house; it doesn’t hurt; to agree
with smbd; to have a lot to do; it matters (doesn’t matter) very much; to leave the
children alone; to be surprised; to come on a bicycle; to try again; this will fit in my
pocket; to have headaches very often; to arrive last night; to paint portraits; to be
proud of smbd; to cook breakfast for smbd; you’d better wait for him; she hardly ever
cooks; to realize the danger; to buy convenience foods; to save money; to allow pet
dogs in the shop; to get back in the car; she didn’t come with us; to enjoy smth.; to
plan smth. more carefully; to take advice; there isn’t any point in waiting; there used
to be trees here; to stay here all night; to look for a hotel; to give up smoking; he used
to drink quite a lot; to ask a question; till after the holidays; to warn people about the
danger; to mention smth to anyone; to cross the road; to be out of date; to behave
very badly; to leave smth at home; to get fat; to take off wet shoes; to wait ages for a
bus; to cut down on beer drinking; to meet at Piccadilly Circus; to miss one another
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at Piccadilly; to be under three; to take a taxi; to bathe in the river; to lose one’s
umbrella; to get lost in town; it’s too much trouble; don’t disturb him; to make a
noise; to damage one’s car; to learn a foreign language; to have a lot of trouble with
foxes; are you enjoying yourself?; to sleep badly; my hair looks dreadful; we have
just had central heating installed; to pass a driving test; to water plants every day; to
turn on the light; to carry smth home; to clean the windows; to make one’s bed; to
shut the door; to open another bottle; to send for a doctor; to mix the ingredients; to
hurry home; to lie in bed all day; to catch the 8.10 bus; to worry to much; to finish
work at 6.00; to dance in competitions; to worry about smbd.; to arrange everything;
to look very well; to refuse to discuss smth; to climb out; to stay to the end; to go for
a walk; to put on one’s coat; I wonder; to keep milk a long time; to dream at night; to
set out early; to shut the shop at 6.00; to pay smbd. $10; to feel
fine/good/comfortable;
I first went to Spain last year.
I was a long way from the stage.
Everyone was asleep.
At five years old
I’ll wait a week
To practice the piano for three hours a day.
Till the age of 16.
To move to another flat.
Waiters have to pay tax on the tips that they receive.
Till next month.
To buy a ticket at a machine.
He never forgets.
The taxes rise every month.
The milk smells sour.
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How is he getting on at school?
The weather keeps fine.
GRAMMAR:
The Present Indefinite Tense
7.
Используйте настоящее неопределенное время, если
а) вы говорите о действиях привычных, происходящих регулярно;
б) речь идет о том, что всегда или обычно верно;
г) действия связанны с расписанием или рассматриваются как часть
установленного порядка.
в) мы обсуждаем события, происходящие в книге, пьесе или фильме;
Основная идея: глагол в форме настоящего неопределенного времени всегда
отражает ритмичность, повторяемость действия или действие просто
называется.
1. (привычные, происходящие регулярно действия)
I usually go up to my parents' house.
Women usually live longer than men.
Usually I wear black, grey or brown.
She doesn’t usually ring up early in the morning.
Mary lives in London with her husband.
She runs a large travel agency.
I teach English and history at a college.
2. (говорим о том, что всегда верно и не зависит от человека)
The Earth travels at about 107.000 km an hour.
Cuckoos don’t build nests.
They use the nests of other birds.
3. (расписание, регулярные действия)
There is a slow train that leaves at 10.
His ship sails tomorrow.
Can you tell me what time the game starts today, please?
The ferry (паром) arrives at 10 am.
Our group sleep at the Globo hotel this night and start for Berlin tomorrow
morning. (расписание).
You start you holidays on Saturday.
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1. There is this man in the swimming pool and he goes to the top of the
diving board. The thief enters the room and opens the safe.
(комментарий)
2. Claire becomes involved in murder...
3. You press the inject button and then... Now I peel the apples, slice them and
put into the dish. Then I whip the cream until thick and pour it over the apples.
(инструкция или демонстрирование)
The Present Indefinite часто употребляется со следующими наречиями: always,
often, seldom, sometimes, never, hardly ever, usually, generally. Наречия обычно
ставятся перед глаголом, но после глагола to be.
They never quarrel.
I am never late for the class.
The Present Indefinite часто употребляется с наречиями времени: every day/ week/
month/ year, in the morning / etc. /, at night, on Mondays / etc. /.
В придаточных предложениях времени после союзов: if, in casе, when. before, till/until
, когда действие рассматривается в будущем, употребляется Present Indefinite.
С глаголами to see, to hear, to understand, to know, to love, to hate, to like,
to prefer, to belong, to contain обычно всегда употребляется The Present
Indefinite Tense.
(A) 1. We learn English. 2. They live in Moscow. 3. I see them every day. 4. You
always look so serious. 5. I know them very well. 6. We speak English in class. 7.
You know the answer very well. 8. Cats catch rats. 9. They never remember my
name. 10. You miss too many lectures. 11. They go to the pictures on Sundays. 12.
I usually do it easily. 13. They are good students.
(B) 1. She looks pale today. 2. He lives abroad. 3. He learns to skate. 4. It snows
heavily this month. 5. He works at this office. 6. She still goes to school. 7. She
dances very well. 8. He teaches French. 9. He misses a lot of classes. 10. The shop
closes at seven o’clock. 11. It often freezes at night now. 12. He stages two plays a
year. 13. He is quite well off.
1. Заполните пропуски правильными формами глаголов в Present
Simple.
1. I … that he … your friend. (to know, to be)
2. He … to do something himself. (to want)
3. He … that you … him, and that he only … for a short talk. (to say, to know, to
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ask)
4. This thing … the flies out. We all … flies. (to keep, to hate)
5. She … she … do it. (to believe, can)
6. Actions … louder than words.
7. It … like raining. (to look)
8. The weather … so often now. (to change)
9. I … his brother, he … trust me. (to be, can)
10. The weather … fine. (to keep)
2.Поставьте следующие предложения в 3л. ед. числа
1 They wish to speak to you. (He)
2 Buses pass my house every hour.
3 They help their father. (He)
4 We change planes at Heathrow.
5 You watch too much TV. (He)
6 They worry too much. (He)
7 I cash a cheque every month. (He)
8 I always carry an umbrella. (She)
9 They wash the floor every week. (She)
10 His sons go to the local school.
11. I do my own electrical repairs.
12. I write with my left hand.
13.I walk to work.
14 Do you like boiled eggs? (he)
15 These seats cost $10.
16 They fish in the lake. (He)
17 Elephants never forget.
18 They usually catch the 8.10 bus.
19 They sometimes miss the bus.
20 I mix the ingredients together.
21 The rivers freeze in winter.
22 They fly from London to Edinburgh.
23 The carpets match the curtains.
24 They realize the danger.
25 I use a computer.
26 What do they do on their days off?
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They do nothing. They lie in bed all day.
27 The boys hurry home after school.
28 They push the door open.
29 They kiss their mother.
30 They box in the gymnasium.
31 They dress well.
32 Your children rely on you.
33 They snatch ladies' handbags.
34 You fry everything.
35 The taxes rise every year.
36 They do exercises every morning.
3. Поставьте глаголы в 3-ем лице, ед. числа. (домашняя работа)
a)
1. I work in London.
2. I live in Hampstead.
3. I get up early.
4. I go for a walk before breakfast.
5. I have a cold bath every morning.
6. I run all the way to the station.
7. I come to work by tube.
8. I usually catch the 8.20 train.
9. I usually get a ticket from the machine.
10.I read the paper in the train.
11.I get out at Piccadilly.
12.I start work at 9.00.
13.I lunch in the canteen.
14.I finish work at 5.30.
15.I go home by bus.
16.I stand in a long queue every night.
17.I sit upstairs.
18.I buy an evening paper.
19.I arrive home about 6.30.
20.I say, 'Hello!'
b)
1. I smoke cigars.
2. I live on the top floor.
3. I spend very little.
4. I work on Saturdays.
5. I usually travel by air.
6. I eat with chopsticks.
7. I drink wine with my meals.
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8. I watch football on television.
9. I usually go away for weekends.
10.I sleep with the windows open.
11.I dictate my letters to a secretary.
12.I write my essays in ordinary handwriting.
13.I speak English at meals.
14.I disagree with him.
15.I think a computer is an unnecessary luxury.
16.I wear my hair short.
17.I make a lot of mistakes.
4. Перескажите следующие тексты в 3 л. ед. ч., начиная их словами: My
friend's/sister's/brother's etc. name is...
(A) I am Jane Smith. I live in a small town. I have got a mother and a father.
I go to school. In the morning I get up at seven o'clock. I put on my dressing-gown
and slippers and tiptoe to the bathroom. There I clean my teeth, wash my hands and
face, and comb my hair. Then I return to my bedroom and dress. After breakfast I put
on my coat, seize up my bag and set off for school. I am always in time for classes.
(B) I'm Jack Kelly. I'm seventeen. I go to college. On week-days I wake up
at seven o'clock. I switch on the light, do my morning exercises, wash and dress.
Then I have breakfast and set off for college. I live a long way from it, so I usually
take a bus to get there in time. I learn English. I read and translate texts, ask my
fellow-students questions on the texts and answer their questions. I try to speak
English as much as possible. My friends say I can speak English well already.
(C) I'm Peg Jones, I live in the South of the country I work at the Institute of
Foreign Languages. I teach freshman English. I only speak English to my students in
class. I like them and I try to make my lessons as interesting as possible. I often read
to my students and I usually laugh over funny stories together with them. I also
explain grammar rules to them and make them do a lot of exercises. I think they are
fine girls and boys.
(D) I'm John Brown. I live in the North of the country. I work at a big plant.
I usually spend eight hours a day there, but sometimes I stay at the plant a little
longer. On evenings I go to the town library and read articles in the latest journals. I
want to be an engineer, so I must study a lot. But I can usually have a good rest on
Sundays, I play football, or I fish.
Расскажите, что вы или кто-нибудь из ваших друзей делаете дома, на
работе, на занятиях, во время отдыха и т. п.
6. Сделайте следующие предложения вопросительными и
отрицательными.
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Образец 1: They live in the North.
Do they live in the North?
They don't live in the North.
1. They speak English in class.
2. Phil lives round here.
3.1 know the answer.
4. Mary gets home at about eight.
5. She often phones me in the evening.
6. My friends advise Jack to do the job at once.
7. After hard work he likes to read science fiction.
8. The Smiths arrive in the evening.
9. She teaches them French.
10. John sets off very early.
11. We have breakfast at night.
12. I envy you.
13. Kitty understands everything.
14. Jack and Tom play soccer very well.
15. They live in the country.
16. The weather keeps fine.
17. We often see them at the theatre.
18. He studies a lot of subjects
19. I understand you.
20. Their dog barks all night long.
Образец 2: He is our friend.
Is he our friend?
He is not our friend.
1. We are your neighbors.
2. The story is strange.
3. You are an honest man.
4. Mary and Ann are great friends.
5. I am sorry for the lad.
6. All their children are in poor health.
7. That is the end of the story.
8. We are at home.
9. She is a beauty.
10. His parents aге abroad now.
11. I am Martin's wife.
7. Заполните пропуски формами глаголов: do, don’ t, does, doesn’t,
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is, isn't, am, am not, aren't.
1. ... know this man?
2. Не ... answer the question.
3. I ... so tired.
4. She ... know who I ...
5. … he get lost in town?
6. ... she your friend?
7. They ... at home yet.
8. She ... come here at all.
9. ... Mary cook well?
10. I ... serious, you know.
11. ... Tom lives in the country?
12. We ... see each other.
13. ... the boy drive the car?
14. I ... get up too early.
15. The weather ... too warm today.
8. Составьте общие вопросы со следующими глаголами:
То live, to write, to have, to spend, to see, to study, to work, to know, to speak,
to love, to be.
Образец: Do you know the rule?
Does he like court games?
Can you/he skate?
Are you a student?
9. Переведите вопросительные предложения на английский язык
1. Вы изучаете английский?
2. Они живут в Москве?
3. Вы имеете много друзей?
4. Ваши друзья работают?
5. Вы любите спорт?
6. Вы встречаетесь с друзьями по выходным?
7. Вы танцуете?
8. Вы отдыхаете с друзьями?
9. Вы учитесь вечером?
10.Они смотрят телевизор часто?
11.Ваши друзья говорят по-английски хорошо?
12.Вы помогаете своим родителям?
13.Вы готовите дома по выходным?
14.Они ходят в кино часто?
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15.Вы приходите домой вечером?
16.Они часто ездят в город?
17.Мы работаем хорошо?
18.Они часто отдыхают?
Обратите внимание.
А. Вопросительные предложения со словами Who? - Кто?, What? - Что?
cтроятся по структуре Who + Vs?, What + Vs? Вопрос относится к
подлежащему предложения.
Who helps you? – Кто помогает вам?
What helps you? – Что помогает вам?
Who has problems? – Кто имеет проблемы?
Но:
Who do you help? – Кому вы помогаете?
Переведите следующие предложения, используя указанные структуры (глаголы
to influence smbd., to depress, to respect, to worry, to make smbd. happy, angry
помогут вам выполнить упражнение).
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
Что помогает вам в жизни?
Кто помогает вам в жизни?
Кто влияет на вас?
Что влияет на вас?
Кто работает вместе с вами?
Что угнетает вас?
Что беспокоит вас?
Что делает вас счастливым?
Что дает вам здоровье и энергию?
Кто уважает вас?
Что злит вас?
Кто имеет много свободного времени?
Кто имеет много денег?
Кто любит вас?
Кто решает ваши проблемы?
В. Вспомните. Слово much (с неисчисляемыми существительными) и many (с
исчисляемыми существительными) употребляются в отрицательных и
вопросительных предложениях, a lot of употребляется во всех типах
предложений.
I have a lot of friends / Do you have many(a lot of) friends / I don’t have many(a lot
of) friends.
22
I have a lot if time / Do you have much(a lot of) time / I don’t have much(a lot of)
time.
Соответственно, в специальных вопросах будет How much time do you have?(с
неисчисляемыми существительными) и How many friends do you have?(с
исчисляемыми существительными).
a)
1. She doesn’t have … problems in life.
2. You don’t have … books at home.
3. We don’t have … free time for you.
4. They don’t have … experience in computer business.
5. They don’t have … children.
6. She doesn’t have … bread at home.
7. I don’t have … money with me.
8. He doesn’t know … languages.
9. I don’t have … work today.
10.My child doesn’t have … toys at home.
11.We don’t have … food in the fridge.
12.She doesn’t have … news for us.
13.They don’t have … cars.
14.I don’t eat … chocolate
15.She doesn’t drink … coffee.
b)
1. How … friends do you have?
2. How … money do you have?
3. How … children does she have/
4. How … time do you have?
5. How … work do they usually have?
6. How … problems do you have in life/
7. How … languages does she know?
8. How … experience does he have?
9. How … dogs does she have?
10.How … progress do you have?
11.How … books do you have?
12.How … food do we have/
13.How … coffee do you drink?
14.How … fruit do you eat/
15.How … energy do you have for work?
5. Постройте вопросительные предложения по структуре
вопросительное слово+do+S+V
1. Do, you, study, what?
what friends, do?
2. You, when, do, to work, go?
4. Do, what, they, like?
3. Have, you,
5. Why, do, you, help, your
23
friends?
6. They, do, meet, where?
problems? 8. Do, where, they, relax?
7. Do, your friends, have, what
9. What, do, they, hate?
10. Do, your
partners, where, speak English? 11. Do, you, why, need, my help?
we, discuss, what problems? 13. Do, where, you, study?
cook, often, at home?
when?
15. What, I, do, have?
17. Do, you, like, what friends?
12. Do,
14. Do, what, they,
16. Do, they, watch TV,
18. What coffee, you, prefer, do?
19. Your partners, do, go, where?
10. Составьте 12 специальных вопросов с вопросительными словами
what, who, whose, where, when, what time, what kind, how many, how much, how
often, how long, why и нижеследующими глаголами
То set off, to watch NV, to have dinner, to read, to go to bed, to live, to write,
to know, to think, to get up, to work, to see, to be (домашняя работа)
Образец: Where do you live?
When does he come home?
What can you say?
Who are you?
11. Составьте 10 специальных вопросов к подлежащему, используя
глаголы to work, to teach, to write, to read, to know, to understand, to help, to
frighten, to surprise, to amuse и вопросительные слова who и what (дом.
pабота)
Образец: Who lives in this house?
What worries you?
Who can answer my question?
Who is here?
Сделайте упражнение по образцу.
A: What do you have for breakfast? Bacon and eggs?
B: Yes, I have bacon and eggs. What do you have? (stress on you)
24
1. Where do you eat? In the canteen?
2. What time do you start? Nine?
3. What time do you finish? Six?
4. How much do you weigh? 60 kilograms?
5. How tall are you? Six feet?
6. What time do you get up? Seven?
7. What animal do you like best? Dogs?
8. How do you come to the office? By bus?
9. What do you do in the evening? Watch television?
10.Where do you go for your holidays? Scotland?
11.How many weeks' holiday do you have? Three?
12.Where do you keep your money? Under the mattress?
13.Where do you buy your clothes? Paris?
14.When do you do your homework? Just before the lesson?
15.How often do you write home? Every week?
16.How do you like coffee? Strong?
17.What do you cook on? Gas?
18.What game do you play best? Tennis?
19.Where do you swim? In the swimming baths?
20.What do you drink? Gin?
12. Поставьте вопросы ко всем членам предложения.
1. Mary gets up very late.
2. In our town TV programmes begin at six o'clock.
3. Their family goes to the country early in June.
4. At home Jimmy wears his new slippers.
5. Late at night my husband walks our dog in the park.
6. In autumn the days grow dull.
7. I hate to swim in cold water.
8. Tom came here to see his friends.
9. Every evening they gather in the hall to discuss the course of events.
10. We usually stay in the country about two months.
13. Сформулируйте вопросы, ответами на которые были бы следующие
предложения.
1. Не gets up at six o'clock.
2. They live in a new block of flats.
3. Miss Cornhill teaches them English.
4. Rosie comes here every day.
5. My sister does.
6. I learn English.
7. She hates such dull days.
8. We read about two hundred pages a month.
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9. Ned only comes here to see you.
10. His friends do.
11. She only reads books in history.
12. He usually works till late at night.
14. Задайте все возможные вопросы к следующим предложениям и их
членам.
Образец: Mr. Jones comes to Paris on business every month.
Does Mr. Jones come to Paris on business every month?
Mr. Jones comes to Paris on business every month, doesn't he?
Doesn't Mr. Jones come to Paris on business every month?
Does Mr. Jones come on business to Paris or to Rome?
Who comes to Paris on business every month?
What does Mr. Jones do?
Where does Mr. Jones come on business every month?
When does Mr. Jones come to Paris?
What does Mr. Jones come to Paris for?
1. Our school year ends in June.
2. We use the Present Simple to talk about things in general.
3. In winter the days are very short.
4. I thank you for your kindness.
5. An apple a day keeps the doctor away.
6. Every man must do his duty.
7. People usually walk their dogs early in the morning.
8. You are just that sort of man.
9. We can go on very well together.
10. With a long whistle he drops into the big chair.
15. Прочитайте предложения вслух, прокомментируйте значение и
употребление выделенных форм Present Simple. Переведите предложения
на русский язык.
1.Nobody comes here now. 2. "Try my cigar." "Thank you. I prefer a pipe". 3. This
book only costs three shillings. 4. A cat in gloves catches no mice. 5. You're a
wonderful woman, Mary. You never lose temper with your children. 6. Time is
money. 7. He hangs up the receiver and leaves the box. 8. Life has its ups and
downs. 9. His speeches sometimes annoy me immensely. 10. The atmosphere of the
earth contains far more oxygen than does Mars. 11. Everybody tries to escape from
town in the summer. 13. The door opens inside. 14. They go down the escalator and
26
arrive on the platform. 15. Аз a rule they leave my place at about four o'clock. 16. A
good beginning makes a good ending. 17. She does things nicely and charges very
little. 18. He speaks three languages. 19. I accept your explanation. 20. I tell you
you're quite wrong about your wife.
16.Составьте предложения по образцу, используя данные ниже фразы.
Образец: At the Institute I read English texts, write dictations and answer my
teacher’s questions.
1. To work at an office; to write very much; to study hard; to skate well; to
play tennis badly; to go to school; to work at a plant; to get up at seven; to come
home; to have dinner; to go to bed; to walk the dog; to go to the swimming pool; to
play chess; to take a shower.
2. To translate texts, to spell words, to revise grammar rules, to ask questions,
to write compositions, to make notes, to receive visitors, to make telephone calls.
3. To come home, to take off one's coat, to switch on the light, to go to the
kitchen, to cook supper, to go to the sitting room, to switch on TV, to have supper, to
watch TV, to ring up one's friends, to come to the office, to open the door, to enter
the room, to draw up the blinds, to make telephone calls, to receives visitors.
17. Прочитайте предложения вслух. Прокомментируйте значение и
употребление выделенных форм. Переведите предложения на русский
язык.
(A) 1. You see, I love him so! 2. It is so nice down here. I feel so happy. 3.
Look here, I really mean it. 4. I want to have that kitten so! 5. I know all your
secrets now. 6. I mean to get even with them. 7. It's too dark in here. I see nothing at
all. 8. Don't get angry, I want to get you out of all this. 9. Now I see what you really
mean. 10. I like your cake very much, you are very kind. 11. So you think it's true?
12. Stop shouting, we all hear you perfectly well. 13. She feels stronger today. 14.
Oh, how pretty you look!
(B) 1. "Stop, stop! What goes on here?" 2. "Where is Jane?" "She serves
supper in the kitchen." 3. I listen to you, I'm all attention. 4. "Look, here comes Mr.
Johnson." 5. Don't look at me so, I offer you help. 6. What's the matter with you?
You talk through your nose. 7. And now I come to the most surprising part of my
story. 8. He tries to go to seep but he can't. 9. And now he just waits and does
nothing at all. 10. I suppose I must be thankful. They promise me a lot. 11. They
keep silent for a while. The boy stares at the old man, and the old man looks him
back. 12. "Can you hurry up?" "I can. Now I slip on my coat. Now I open the door."
13. Listen! How well she sings! 14. I tell you it's a lie.
18. Прочитайте предложения вслух. Прокомментируйте значение и
употребление выделенных форм. Переведите предложения на русский
язык.
1.Tomorrow I leave England. 2. When do we arrive? 3. What time do they
leave on Friday? 4. The next expedition to Jupiter starts within two months. 5. Their
27
wedding day is some day next month. 6. Next Saturday is the fifth. 7. Mind, the show
begins at 12. 8. What time does the game begin? 9. It's going to be like this: at 10
sharp she leaves by the back door, gets down to the road, walks as quickly as
possible towards the crossing, and takes the bus. 10. According to the programme
they return as late as August.
19.Переведите на русский язык и обратите внимание на предлоги
To sit at a desk
To stop at the station
To sit at the head of the table
At that time
To write in ink
To get to London
At the top of the page
To drive at a high speed
At breakfast time
To start at six
At a bus stop
To speak to smbd
To live in the country
To go to work
To be at work
At the crossroads
At the beginning (at the end) of the textbook
At first
To arrive at the airport
To arrive in York
In the daytime
In the next room
To return to France
To stay at home
To speak to Tom
At the end of the street
At the age of five
At the end of this year
At the airport
At the station
To be at school
To come back to England
To go in Tom’s car
At night
On Monday
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To get on/into the bus
On wet days
In fine weather
To stop at the traffic lights
To get out of the car
To get presents at Christmas and on birthdays
To get off/out of the bus
On my way to the station
At the moment
20.Переведите словосочетания на русский язык и запомните их
During the lecture, during the war, during the meeting, for five years, for a week, for
ten minutes, for a year, before breakfast, after dinner, after classes, from three till
five, from Monday till Friday, from morning till night, by nine o’clock, by tomorrow,
by the end of the week, on Wednesday, on a warm summer day, on the first of
September, at 11 o’clock, at night, in 15 minutes, in 10 days, in a year’s time, in the
morning, in winter, in March, in January.
21. Переведите словосочетания на английский язык
С утра до вечера, во время каникул, в это время, в течение многих лет, в
10 часов, с восьми до девяти, с 10 до 11, через пять минут, в 2006 году, летом,
осенью, в мае, утром, вечером, с понедельника до субботы, в воскресенье, в
декабре, весной, через год, в течение трех недель, днем, через 10 дней, ночью,
до занятий, после урока, во время урока, до обеда.
HAVE: значение и типичные сочетания
Сочетания to have + object часто употребляется для выражения действия в
разговорной речи.
Let’s have a drink; I’m going to have a bath; Have a good time.
Подобные сочетания эквивалентны глаголам “to drink”, “to bathe”, “to
enjoy”. Точное значение словосочетания зависит от существительного после
глагола to have:
Have breakfast / lunch / supper / dinner / tea / coffee / a drink / a meal
Have a bath / a wash / a shave / a shower
Have a rest / a lie-down / a sleep / a dream
Have a good time / a bad day / a nice evening / a day off / a holiday
Have a good journey / flight / trip
Have a talk / a chat / a word with somebody / a conversation / a disagreement /
a row / a quarrel / a fight
Have a swim / a walk / a ride / a dance / a game of tennis
Have a try / a go
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Have a look
Have a baby (= give birth)
Have difficulty / trouble (in) … ing
Have an accident / an operation / a nervous breakdown
В американском варианте английского языка вместо to have часто
употребляется to take (to take a bath / shower / rest / swim / walk.)
22. Дайте полные ответы на вопросы.
1. When does your train arrive in Moscow?
2. What time does the show begin?
3. Which of the tourist groups sets off tomorrow?
4. Who arrives nest week?
5. When does your husband return from his business trip?
6. Which of your friends leaves the day after tomorrow?
7. Don't you remember which hotel we stop at in London?
8. What time does the sun set tomorrow?
9. When does the next game begin?
10. Which of the expeditions returns first?
23. Переведите предложения на английский язык, употребляя, где
возможно, Present Simple.
1. В следующую среду мои лучшие друзья навсегда уезжают отсюда.
2. Насколько я знаю, Джон возвращается через две недели.
3. Когда приезжают твои гости?
4. Следующая туристическая группа прибывает в воскресенье вечером.
5. Скажи, пожалуйста, ведь четвертого будет воскресенье, да?
6. Когда прибывает их паром?
7. Согласно плану, мы отправляемся завтра, прибываем на место
назначения послезавтра утром, живем там три дня, осматриваем
достопримечательности и затем возвращаемся назад.
8. Конференция открывается в 12 часов.
9. В какое время отходит твой поезд?
10. Их паром отплывает рано утром.
24. Спросите своих товарищей: (работа в парах)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
В какое время завтра начинается вторая лекция.
Когда прибывает рейс 24.
Какой день недели будет первого января.
В каком году стартует первая экспедиция на Венеру
В каком году они заканчивают университет.
Когда отходит последний поезд на Москву.
30
7. Открывается ли выставка в пятницу или в субботу.
8. Отходит ли паром в 10 или в 12 часов.
9. Возвращается ли декан завтра или послезавтра.
10.Когда он приступает к работе.
Грамматика. В сложноподчиненных предложениях с придаточными
времени (when, till, until, before, after, as soon as, while) и условия (if, unless, in
case) всегда употребляется The Present Simple Tense.
Прочитайте следующие предложения вслух. Определите временное значение
выделенных форм. Объясните их употребление. Переведите предложения на
русский язык.
(A) 1. Ring me up when you have a few spare minutes. 2. When that day
comes, don't distress yourself. 3. Stay there till I call you. 4. She mustn't get up until
she feels better. 5. Wait in the car while I am with Auntie. 6. They can marry as soon
as they are of age. 7. However, once the inquest is over you must both forget all
about it. 9. Don't come in till I tell you. 10. Have some hot tea before you leave.
(B) 1. You can catch cold if you sit in a draught. 2. If I don't wake up in the
morning, don't call me. 3. We can't show him the work unless we're there too. 4.
Wait a minute, what must we do if we catch him? 5. Here, take your ticket in case I
lose you. 6. If you hear the slightest noise, steal away at once. 7. In case you happen
to run into the man, don't say a word about the matter. 8. I can't do anything unless I
get the order. 9. If he calls you, you must go. 10. If they arrive so soon, we must
hurry, or we may miss them.
Запомните! Если предложение начинается I wonder when (if) ..., Do you
know when (if) .., I don’t mind if ..., то в придаточном предложении можно
использовать будущее время.
25. Заполните пропуски правильными формами глаголов в скобках.
1. When he (return) I'll give him the key.
2. He'll be ready as soon as you (be).
3. I'll stay in bed till the clock (strike) seven.
4. She will be delighted when she (hear) this.
5. When the laundry comes I (have) some clean handkerchiefs.
6. I shan't buy tomatoes till the price (come) down.
7. Stay here till the lights (turn) green.
8. When it (get) cold I'll light the fire.
9. The lift (not start) until you press that button.
10. She'll have to behave better when she (go) to school.
11. When you look at yourself in the glass you (see) what I mean.
12. He (be) here before you go.
13. I (lend) you my cassette recorder whenever you want it.
14. He (wake) up when we turn the lights on. ,
31
15. He (ring) us up when he arrives in England?
16. He will wash up before he (go) to bed.
17. I won't come to London till the bus strike (be) over.
18. I (give) the children their dinner before he (come) home.
19. They will be astonished when they (see) how slowly he works.
20. I'll pay you when I (get) my cheque.
21. I (go) on doing it until he tells me to stop.
22. I'll buy that house when I (have) enough money.
23. You (fall) rapidly through the air till your parachute opens.
24. We'll have to stay here till the tide (go) out.
25. When the Queen (arrive) the audience will stand up.
26. When the fog (lift) we'll be able to see where we are.
27. The refrigerator (go on) making that noise till we have it repaired.
28. As soon as the holidays begin this beach (become) very crowded.
29. The car (not move) till you take the brake off.
30. The alarm bell (go on) ringing till you press this button.
31. As soon as she (learn) to type I'll get her a job.
32. Look before you (leap). (proverb)
33. We (have) to stay on this desert island till we can repair our boat.
34. Don't count on a salary increase before you actually (get) it.
35. When winter (begin) the swallows will fly away to a warmer country.
36. We can't make any decision till he (arrive) here.
26. Переведите предложения на английский язык.
1. Она должна помочь тебе, когда вернется.
2. Не расстраивайся, если увидишь, что задание трудное.
3. Ты можешь помочь мне с английским до того, как начнутся экзамены?
4. Возьмите теплые свитера на случай, если вдруг похолодает.
5. Если будешь звонить Смитам, передай им от меня привет.
6. Не звони мне, пока я не сдам экзамены.
7. Когда дети придут из парка, пусть они выпьют молока.
8. Приходите попозже, когда все будет готово.
9. Как только увидишь их машину, тотчас же остановись.
10. Позвони, когда вернешься.
27. Данное упражнение отнести к более сложному уровню
Прочитайте предложения вслух. Прокомментируйте значение и употребление
выделенных форм. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
(А) 1. Wait for them however late they are. 2. I'm at home whoever comes. 3.
Contact me instantly, day or night, no matter where I am. 4. Keep quiet, whatever
you see. 5. Be sure to come whatever happens. 6. Phone me whenever you arrive.
(B) 1. If you're going to help her, do it now. In a couple of months she won't
accept the money you offer her. 2. For me, I pray for the day when there is no
fighting. 3. We can get married the very moment John is back. 4. All those who miss
32
the last boat must report to the inspector in charge at once. 5. There may come the
day when you need help and don't get it.
(C) 1. See that they feel quite at home. 2. Please see that she has her glass of
milk in time. 3. Wait a minute, I must see the man deals with the boxes properly. 4.
Watch he doesn't get up. 5. Take care he doesn't knock you down. 6. Take care you
don't spill a drop. 7. Make sure he comes to this dinner. 8. See to it he doesn't wait
long. 9. Good bye, my boy, I hope you're in time. 10. I hope he calls again before
long.
(D) 1. "He's wounded." "What do we do with him?" 2. Well, I can come
tomorrow. Do I take Charley along? 3. Well, let's accept the plan. Where do I come
in? 4. What do we do next? 5. So, all is ready. What do we do now? 6. I'm here.
Where do we go?
28. Произнесите вслух следующие предложения. Прокомментируйте
выделенные формы. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. You see, I do understand what you mean.
2. If you want to know, it does make me angry.
3. I'm not really a driver although I do work in a garage in London.
4. Well, coincidences do happen.
5. Sorry for my incredulity - but the facts do seem a bit strange.
6. If you do come out, you're a lost man.
7. Uncertainty does create panic.
8. But I do mean what I'm saying.
9. Well, really, it does seem too good to be true.
10. If you do believe him, just say a word or two in behalf of him.
11. Still I do know all about Edna, because she is a village girl.
12. As a matter of fact I do think he's right.
29. Прокомментируйте употребление выделенных форм. Переведите
предложения на русский язык.
1. You know when I fix a time I always stick to it.
2. It sounds mad, I know. But it isn't - it isn't! I see it in his eyes when he looks at
me.
5. What do you think of my new book?
6. I'd like to see him if you find him.
7. I believe I can do it.
9. You horrify me!
10. You see, a meat diet produces all kinds of troubles, mental and physical.
11. I mean what I say.
14. And you can help me put things on the trays when I come back.
15. Of course, there are many English hotels where you pay for everything
33
separately
17. Do you see them? They walk along the village road.
18. He that dies this year is quit for the next.
19. She gets on my nerves.
20. What's the good of my writing? I earn less and less with every book that comes
out.
21. What a lovely shade. This material hangs so well.
22. You know that we start tomorrow morning at 8 o'clock.
23. All right. Leave the books with your mother in case you're not home.
24. A stitch in time saves nine.
25. See he doesn't wait long.
26. How do we get in?
27. Ring me up whenever you are back.
28. When does the next programme begin?
29. I tell you I don't know him.
30. Where is your rat? Do you see it now?
31. I hear both she and that friend of hers are already in New Orlean?
32. When they come down here next time, see to it there is something decent to eat.
33.1 have nothing left of the five pounds.
30. Переведите предложения на английский язык, употребляя, где
возможно, Present Simple.
1. Они учатся в университете.
2. Когда ты встаешь?
3. Я не понимаю вашего вопроса.
4. Где живут твои новые друзья?
5. Подожди, пока не станет совсем светло.
6. Где ты берешь такие книги?
7. Летом солнце там никогда не заходит (set).
8. Она не помнит своих родителей.
9. Вы часто ссоритесь?
10. Я никогда не вижу тебя в библиотеке. Почему ты там не работаешь? 11.
Видишь балкон на пятом этаже? Это моя квартира.
12. Энн подходит к телефону, берет трубку и набирает номер (to dial a number)
доктора.
13. Говорю тебе, у них все в порядке.
14. Во многих странах мира Новый год начинается первого января.
15. Верни мне книгу, если она покажется тебе скучной.
16. Приходи ко мне, как только найдешь время.
17. Говори громче, я плохо тебя слышу.
18. Когда начнется зимний семестр (term)?
19. В следующем году наша команда будет играть в Ливерпуле.
20. Сейчас он работает над сценарием нового фильма (a film script).
21. На каких языках ты разговариваешь?
34
22. Мой поезд отходит в шесть часов.
23. Когда освободишься, позвони мне.
24. Теперь мы редко ходим в кино.
25. Откуда он родом?
26. Что ты имеешь в виду?
27. В тех краях редко идет снег.
28. Он ездит на работу в метро.
29. Такие словари стоят очень дорого.
30. Я слышала, лекции в этом году будут начинаться в 9.30.
31. Ты можешь подождать, пока я кончу эту страницу?
33. Если моя машина будет в порядке, мы сможем поехать на озеро.
34. Лошади кушают овес и сено (oats and hay).
30. 1.
ФОРМУЛА:
S + (adv) + V + О (adv) (домашняя работа)
Я ем три раза в день, каждый день я ем горячую пищу, он обычно обедает
один, студенты всегда обедают в два, я редко обедаю дома, мы пьем чай три
раза в день, они обычно не ужинают, мы не пьем чай вечером, мои родители
обычно завтракают рано, я всегда завтракаю в 11, на ней сегодня новое платье,
я одет в костюм, я играю на пианино, он играет на гитаре, я играю в футбол по
воскресеньям, она выглядит хорошо в этом платье (to look good), посмотри на
него, он всегда ищет свои вещи по утрам, она не присматривает за детьми, я
просматриваю газеты по вечерам, они выглядят усталыми, ты выглядишь
больным, она похожа на свою сестру, после школы я иду домой, они
добираются до работы автобусом (поездом), мы поехали на автобусную
экскурсию (trip), он обычно приходит домой поздно, она приезжает в Париж
каждый месяц.
31. Read the following /a/ in the negative /b/ in the interrogative. (дом. раб.)
1. You know the answer
2. He has breakfast at 8.00.
3. He loves her.
4. Some schoolgirls wear uniform.
5. He trusts you.
6. He tries hard.
7. The park closes at dusk.
8. He misses his mother.
9. The children like sweets.
10. He finishes work at 6.00.
11. He lives beside the sea.
19. She plays chess very well.
20. He worries about her.
21. These thieves work at night.
22. He leaves home at 8.00 everyday
23. Ann arranges everything.
24. She agrees with you.
25. Their dog barks at night.
26. Their neighbours often complain.
27. Tom enjoys driving at night.
28. He engages new staff every spring.
29. Tom looks very well.
35
12. He bullies his sister.
13. This stove heats the water.
14. She has a cooked breakfast.
15. She carries a sleeping bag.
16. He usually believes you.
17. She dances in competitions.
18. You remember the address.
30. They sell fresh grape juice here.
31. He charges more than other plumbers.
32. She cuts her husband's hair.
33. They pick the apples in October.
34. The last train leaves at midnight.
35. He relaxes at weekends.
36. She refuses to discuss it.
32. Сделайте упражнение по образцу.
A: I earn $50 a week.
B: How much does your brother earn? (stress on brother)
A: I live in Westminster.
B: Where does your brother live? (stress on brother)
Make questions using how, where, when, how much, how many, how often, what.
1. I live in Tunbridge Wells.
2. I smoke twenty cigarettes a day.
3. I have toast and coffee for breakfast.
4. I read detective stories.
5. I go to York for my holidays.
6. I spend $2 a week on fares.
7. I drive a Mini.
8. I wear rubber boots.
9. I employ twenty men.
10.I pay by cheque.
11.I like comedies best.
12.I clean my flat at weekends. (Use his for my, and stress it slightly.)
13.I keep my bicycle in the hall. (See above.)
14.I sing folk-songs.
15.I play the bagpipes.
16.I phone home every week.
17.I always sit at the back of the class.
18.I collect coins.
19.I write sentimental novels.
33. Переведите на английский язык
1. Она говорит по-английски очень хорошо.
2. Мой друг сотрудничает с английскими
фирмами.
3. Он курит очень много.
4. Она хорошо ведет дом.
36
5. У Петра (Петр имеет) двоих детей.
6. Мой шеф ездит за границу редко.
7. Она рекламирует товары нашей фирмы.
8. Я хорошо говорю по-французски.
9. Н. обычно заходит к своей коллеге, когда бывает в Петербурге.
10.Я езжу в центр города на метро.
11.Он всегда покупает продукты в этом магазине.
12.М.ездит к морю каждый год.
13.Летом я всегда хожу в порт встречать корабли.
14.Он не понимает, что вы имеете в виду.
15.Они иногда приходят с большим опозданием на репетиции.
16.Илья изучает два иностранных языка.
17.Мой сын играет на гитаре.
4.
18.Н. никогда не пропускает занятий по музыке.
19.Как часто ты ходишь в кино?
20.Олимпийские игры проходят каждые четыре года.
21.Какие книги ты любишь читать?
22.Как ты произносишь это слово?
23.Мой друг играет в футбол почти каждый день.
24.Моя сестра работает по вечерам в библиотеке.
25.Я обычно делаю домашнее задание вечером.
26.Мой друг живет на севере.
27.Моя сестра учится в медицинском колледже.
28.У них два занятия иностранным языком в неделю.
29.Он всегда навещает нас, когда бывает в Москве.
30.«Сколько времени вы тратите на дорогу домой?» — «Как правило, я трачу
на дорогу домой тридцать минут».
31.Он теперь редко путешествует.
32.Она никогда не опаздывает. Она всегда приходит вовремя.
33.«Вы чувствуете что-нибудь?» - «Нет, я ничего не чувствую».
34.Его отец инженер. Он строит мосты.
35.Я не учу французский язык, я учу немецкий.
36.Теперь мы редко с ним встречаемся.
37.Ее муж часто ездит в командировки.
38.Каждый вечер он выходит на прогулку в парк.
39.Я люблю читать английские журналы, а мой брат любит решать
кроссворды.
40.Растения хорошо растут в теплом климате.
41.Никто не знает, где он живет.
42.Этот профессор говорит на пяти языках.
43.У него есть что-нибудь поесть?
44.В Лондоне часто идет дождь.
45.М-р Колби владеет этой фирмой.
46.Когда у вас обычно каникулы?
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47.Во время лекции у нас нет перерыва.
48.Ваш сын всегда обедает в институте, не так ли?
49.Зимой в России идет снег.
34. Запомнить: How do you know? (Wrong: Why do you know?)
What do you call this? (Wrong: How do you call this?)
35. What you do in the summer to earn some money.
Sweep streets mend roads teach swimming act as a guide sell icecream serve in a shop dig drains wash windows pick fruit build
houses put up tents paint railings collect rubbish work in a factory
deliver mail repair TVs make cakes polish cars
36. What you do to help your parents about the house.
1. Hoover carpets and dust furniture.
2. Make beds and clean rooms.
3. Answer the door and answer the phone
4. Do the flowers and polish the silver
5. Buy fruit at the market and carry it home
6. Take the children to school hurry home afterwards
7. Collect the children from school and supervise their homework
8. Talk to the children and teach them French
9. Go to the beach with the children and play in the sand
10.Put the children to bed and tidy up after them
11.Give the baby his bath and wash his clothes
12.Walk the dogs and brush them.
37. My brother...
Sings in a choir, but hardly ever sings solo. Talks... listens / drinks at parties...
dances / spends money... saves it / phones...writes Listens to the radio.. .watches
TV / mows the lawn.. .weeds the garden / Paints the pictures... takes photographs /
takes taxis... waits for a bus / cycles...walks Drives... lets me drive / eats out...
cooks for himself / stays at home for his holiday... Goes abroad / takes people to
restaurants.. .invites them to his house.
38.
Neville and Rachel are happily married, and they get on well together, but they
are very different kinds of people. Rachel is a cheerful, outgoing woman who enjoys
talking to people; Neville is very reserved, though he likes the company of his
friends.
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Rachel is interested in sport — especially tennis and swimming - while Neville
is more of an indoor type who prefers reading and listening to music. Neville likes
cooking, and makes delicious meals for the family; Rachel can t stand housework.
However, in spite of their differences, they do have one thing in common: they
are both gifted and enthusiastic photographers, and they have organized several
successful exhibitions of their work.
Describe how you usually spend your day. What is enjoyable about your daily
routine? What is unpleasant?
39. Do you know the opposites of all these words?
Agree always awake beginning buy cheap dark dead dirty early easy
empty fast female find first generous happy heavy high honest hot
indoors intelligent interesting into laugh left long love most new nice
north-east optimistic outside pull question quiet remember rough safe
shallow sharp shy soft stop strong take off tall thin top true up upstairs
warm wet win wrong young
40. What your mother does every day
Does housework / lives economically / shops around / looks after the
children / mends their clothes / takes them to school / helps them with their
homework / reads to them / answers their questions / watch them play football
/ go swimming with them / give children s parties / meets her husband at the
station / listens to her husband s office stories / entertains her husband s
colleagues / irons shirts / knits pullovers / weeds the garden/ cuts the grass.
41. Think about learning English in class and outside class. How often do you do
these things?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Speak in English
Read something in English
See a film or TV programme in English
Write something in English
Use an English dictionary.
42. Answer the questionnaire. If none of the answers is correct, give your own
answer.
1. When you work or study at home,
do you do it: A. in a lounge? B. in
6. Do you study: A. with a fixed
routine? B. when you feel like it?
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a study? C. in you bedroom?
C. only when you have to?
2. When you study at home, do you:
A. sit at a desk? B. sit in an
armchair? C. sit or lie on the
floor?
3. Do you like to study: A. alone and
in complete silence? B. alone but
with background music? C. with
others you can talk to?
4. Do you mostly write: A. with a
pencil? B. with a ballpoint pen?
C. on a word processor?
5. Do you prefer to study: A. early in
the morning? B. in the afternoon?
C. late at night?
7. When you study, do you work: A.
for 20-30 minutes and then have a
break? B. for about an hour and
then have a break? C. for long
periods without interruptions?
8. When you study, do you: A.
smoke a lot? B. Drink a lot? C. eat
a lot?
9. When you study, is your place of
work: A. neat and tidy? B. a bit
untidy, but you know where
everything is? C. a mess?
10.When you concentrate, do you: A.
bite your nails or the end of your
pencil? B. scratch your head? C.
tap your foot on the floor?
43. How do you work? How does your partner work? Discuss your answer.
I'm a bit / very / quite disorganized / inefficient / untidy / lazy
Examples:
I'm quite / very /
organized / efficient / tidy / hardworking
44. Jeffrey Archer
I don’t want anything on my desk which is unnecessary. The pencils are in their
place to my right, the sharpener is next to them and the script is in the centre.
Simplicity is the secret for me, so all I’ve got on my desk apart from the phone, the
clock, and of course a family photo, is my work.
I like felt-tip pens. At the moment, I’m writing the first draft of a new book. As
always, I put out seven pens a week to the right of my script, and I use one a day and
throw it away at the end of the day. These are silly things, but they are all part of
making it easy. I even have an electric pencil sharpener so that I can’t complain that I
had to waste time sharpening a pencil.
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Before I go to bed at night, I check that the table is perfect for the following
morning, so when I walk in the door at 7.00, everything is there. There is no excuse
for me not to work apart from my own laziness.
Sally Beauman
I like to go into my office and shut the door with coffee and cigarettes and start by
about 9.00. I always start in the same way – by rereading yesterday’s work. On the
left-hand side of the desk I keep the pages of that day’s work, and on a notepad, I
make lots of notes and doodles and drawings with arrows and stars everywhere.
I work on an old Adler typewriter. I used it when I was a Journalist. I’m not very
good at looking after it and it does get dusty, but I’m very fond of it. I’m learning to
use a word processor, but I don’t like it as much.
I like to work in a mess, so there is a lot of stuff on the desk; correspondence,
ashtray, coffee mugs, etc. A clean desk gives me no protection against the blank
sheet of paper I have to write on.
45.
1) Написать рассказ о своем рабочем месте дома.
2)Describe how you usually spend your day.
GRAMMAR:
Указание на смену темы разговора.
Иногда в ходе разговора возникает необходимость изменить его тему.
Для этой цели употребляются особые слова (адъюнкты): actually, anyhow,
anyway, by the way, look, now, now then, so, then, well, well now, you know.
Перечисленные слова встречаются в начале предложения. Однако некоторые
из них могут быть помещены в другие позиции, например, если вы хотите
сделать паузу или привлечь внимание слушающего к тому, что вы вводите
новую тему разговора. Слова actually, anyhow, anyway, by the way, you know
могут употребляться в конце предложения.
Actually, Dan, before I forget, …
Well now, we’ve got a very big task ahead of us.
What do you sell there anyway?
That’s all right then.
Are you fond of her, then? (Then всегда стоит в конце предложения)
GRAMMAR: The Present Continuous (настоящее длительное время)
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Настоящее длительное время употребляется, когда:
1. действие происходит в настоящий момент, в момент разговора;
1. It is raining.
I am not wearing a coat as it isn’t cold.
Why are you sitting at my desk?
2. описываемая ситуация – временная (действие может быть в настоящий
момент, но не в момент разговора)
2. I am reading a play by Show.
He is teaching French and learning Greek.
She’s spending the summer in Europe.
3. ситуация отражает происходящие перемены, тенденции развития;
3. The village is changing.
His hand writing is improving.
World energy demand is increasing.
4. действие организовано и произойдет в ближайшем будущем (время действия,
как правило, указывается)
4. I’m meeting Peter tonight. He is taking me to the theatre.
Are you doing anything tomorrow afternoon? – Yes, I’m playing tennis with
Ann.
5. речь эмоционально окрашена (всегда с always в утвердительных
предложениях)
5. He is always losing his keys.
I am always making that mistake.
46. Образуйте от следующих глаголов причастия I. Для каждого случая
сформулируйте правило правописания. Особое внимание обратите на
произношение причастия I от глаголов, оканчивающихся на -r и -rе.
a) То come, to give, to take, to smile, to place, to invite, to combine, to
dedicate, to persuade, to invade, to flute, to compute, to calculate, to demonstrate, to
sue, to ensue, to pursue, to construe.
To lure, to fire, to tire, to spare, to stare, to endure, to secure, to compare, to
declare, to implore, to procure, to ignore, to ensure, to lecture, to perspire, to allure.
To agree, to see, to free, to fee, to flee, to knee, to decree, to oversee, to
foresee, to disagree.
To dye, to hoe.
b) To put, to get, to bet, to slip, to stop, to beg, to nag, to bid, to nod, to nib, to
run, to plan, to spin, to sum, to dim, to begin, to forget, to forbid, to admit.
To stir, to star, to bar, to tar, to fur, to spar, to refer, to prefer, to demur, to
occur.
To listen, to 'profit, to 'jacket, to 'liken, to inherit, to prohibit, to inhibit, to
'glisten, to whiten, to redden, to 'fasten.
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To 'offer, to 'order, to 'suffer, to 'differ, to 'glitter, to flatter, to mutter, to
'matter, to 'butter, to 'pester, to 'master, to father.
To mean, to eat, to sleep, to loan, to read, to moan, to creep, to greet, to groom,
to boom, to look, to book, to coat, to screen, to coin, to proceed, to repeat, to bemoan,
to oversleep.
To bear, to rear, to wear, to moor, to smear, to sneer, to steer, to spear, to
appear, to disappear, to reappear.
c) To expel, to impel, to compel, to control, to patrol, to propel, to 'label, to
'laurel, to initial, to 'cancel.
To feel, to fool, to peal, to spoil, to reel, to toil, to reveal, to conceal.
To traffic, to frolic, to humbug; to program, to 'diagram; to kidnap, to 'worship,
to 'hiccup.
d) To play, to stay, to employ, to destroy, to lay, to obey, to pay, to toy; to
study, to berry, to busy, to imply, to satisfy, to cry, to dry, to comply.
e) To lie, to die, to tie.
47. Объясните употребление The Present Continuous Tense
1. She (not work), she (swim) in the river.
2.He (teach) his boy to ride.
3.Why Ann (not wear) her new dress?
4.The airplane (fly) at 2,000 metres.
5.What Tom (do) now? He (clean) his shoes.
6.This fire (go) out.
7.It (rain)?
Yes, it (rain) very hard. You can't go out yet.
8. Why you (mend) that old shirt?
9.You (not tell) the truth.
How do you know that I (not tell) the truth?
10. Who (move) the furniture about upstairs? ~
It's Tom. He (paint) the front bedroom.
11.Mrs. Jones (sweep) the steps outside her house.
12. What you (read) now? I (read) Crime and Punishment.
13. It is a lovely day. The sun (shine) and the birds (sing).
14. Someone (knock) at the door. Shall I answer it? ~
I (come) in a minute. I just (wash) my hands.
15. She always (ring) up and (ask) questions.
16. Why you (make) a cake? Someone (come) to tea?
17. Where is Tom? ~
He (lie) under the car.
18. Can I borrow your pen or you (use) it at the moment?
19. You (do) anything this evening? ~
No, I'm not. Well, I (go) to the cinema. Would you like to come with me?
20. We (have) breakfast at 8.00 tomorrow as Tom (catch) an early train.
21. Ann usually does the shopping, but I (do) it today as she isn't well.
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22. Why you (type) so fast? You (make) a lot of mistakes.
23. Mother (rest) now. She always rests after lunch.
24. The children are very quiet. Go and see what they (do). They (cut) up some Ј5 notes.
25. What you (wait) for?I (wait) for my change; the boy just (get) it.
26. I can't hear what you (say); the traffic (make) too much noise.
27. She always (lose) her glasses and (ask) me to look for them.
48. Заполните пропуски формами причастия I глаголов в скобках.
1. Wait a moment, she's ready, she's ... on her coat. (to put)
2. Look at the children, they are ... in the garden. (to play)
3. I'm ... French now. (to study)
4. Mary is ... her time for the next week. (to plan)
5. Don't get angry, we are ... to help you. (to try)
6. Don't believe him, he is ... you. (to fool)
7. I'm sorry to say, but the kitten is ... .(to die)
8. I'm ... you a good job. (to offer)
9. I'm afraid you can't see Tom just now, he's ... (to sleep)
10. He thinks we're ... the truth from him. (to conceal)
11. Now he is ... them on good manners. (to lecture)
12. Listen, he is ... to your article. (to refer)
13. They say he's ... somewhere in the North. (to travel)
14. I wonder why she's ... her tea so carefully! (to stir)
49. Представьте себе, что сейчас 7 часов утра, и опишите, что делает в
данный момент каждый из членов вашей семьи; что сейчас 2 часа дня и
что в данный момент делаете вы и ваши друзья или знакомые.
50. Сделайте следующие предложения вопросительными и
отрицательными.
1. Mother is cooking dinner.
2. The boys are playing football in the yard.
3. It is growing colder.
4. Uncle Fred is dozing in his arm-chair.
5. I am staying here.
6. The sun is shining brightly.
7. You are trying to make them sympathize with you.
8. We are standing in front of their house.
9. The others are coming out of the hall.
10. It is freezing hard tonight.
51. Задайте вопросы ко всем членам предложения.
1. I'm just learning to drive.
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2. She is staying with her friends at the seaside.
3. They are telling me about their trip to the North.
4. The children are still dreaming of going to the Zoo.
5. She is choosing the pictures for her album.
6. She's dancing with that young bore on the veranda.
7. I'm cutting the twigs to make a good fire.
8. They are standing on the very edge of the cliff.
9. The disease is spreading rapidly all over the planet.
10. His book is selling very well.
52. Используя данные ниже фразы, составьте как можно больше разных
вопросов и задайте их вашим коллегам.
Образец: to speak about the next test (the students)
1. Are the students speaking about the next test?
2. The students are speaking about the next test, aren't they?
3. Aren't the students speaking about the next test?
4. Are they speaking about the next test or about the next football
match?
5. Who is speaking about the next test?
6. What are they doing?
7. What are they speaking about?
To play football in the yard (the boys), to sit on the bench in the garden
(Mary), to fly the kite on the lawn (the children), to bark at the stranger (my dog), to
dream about a happier life (I), to play a beautiful piece (my nephew), to teach them
French (this young man), to work hard at her term paper (this student), to cry bitterly
(the baby), to write a letter to some friends abroad (the girl).
53. Произнесите вслух следующие предложения. Объясните
употребление выделенных форм. Переведите предложения на русский
язык.
(A) 1. Let's go home; it's getting late. 2. Quick! They're coming! 3.George, what are you doing here? 4. At the moment I'm laughing because I'm so
happy. 5. My car is waiting for you at the corner of the street. 6. Are you telling me
the truth? 7. Hello! Where are you running to in such a hurry? 8. What is it you're
talking of? 9. Who are you? What are you doing in my house? 10. Miss Marple,
you're not listening. 11. Mary in dressing for the party. She is sitting in front of the
dressing-table. The children are watching her, and Pongo is getting in the way.
(B) 1. You know, I'm not a sportsman, but I'm just learning to ride. 2. The
girls are staying with Aunt Dorothy. 3. I'm sure they aren't living in town. 4. Don't
you see they are ruining him? 5. I've a feeling that her life is hanging by a hair and
that any delay may be fatal. 6. Now about that boy: he's taking drugs. 7. Possibly
you're paying too much attention to local gossip. 8. He does not know that I'm
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carrying about the key. 9. Don't worry, we're keeping the boy with us. 10. She's
taking all kind of medicines.
(C) 1. The economic situation is getting better at last. 2. I fear she's ill, she's
rapidly losing weight. 3. The weather is changing from year to year. 4. You can't
communicate with the creature yet, but he is rapidly developing his faculties. 5. I
don't believe I'm making the slightest progress. 6. Shut your mouth, you're getting
more like a girl every day. 7. Think it over carefully; the situation is going from bad
to worse.
(D) 1. When he's speaking about his life in the East he never smiles. 2.
When I'm driving myself I do not leave the car anywhere. 3. He always looks that
way when he's through with his supper and is waiting for more. 4. I hate anybody's
presence in the hall when I'm telephoning.
54. Заполните пропуски формами Present Continuous глаголов в скобках.
(A) 1. I ... to you, boy. (to speak) 2. I'm glad you ... with us. (to stay) 3.
Listen! Somebody ... the back door, (to open) 4.Go on with what you ... me. (to tell)
5. We ... about the weather now. (to talk) 6. She ... all right now. (to get on) 7. You ...
with the only handsome girl in the room, Jack, (to dance) 8. Sure, it's Tom you ... to.
(to phone) 9. It ... so heavily, (to rain) 10. Mary ... to sew. (to learn) 11. His speech is
rather poor yet, but he ... rapidly ... it. (to improve)
(B) 1. You see, I ... here, (not to stay) 2. Don't blush, the lad ... at you. (not
to look) 3. She ... even ... to be polite, (not to try) 4. On, they ... , they ... ! (not to
fight, to play) 5. It ... any longer. (not to rain) 6. Now listen, I ... (not to joke) 7. Don't
be afraid, nobody ... (to come) 8. Keep quiet, nothing out of ordinary ... (to happen)
(C) 1. ... we really ... at last? (to start) 2. ... they ... too fast? (to walk) 3.
What's the matter, why ... you ... ? (to tremble) 4. My God, what... you ...! (to say) 5.
Why ... you ... at me? (to smile) 6. What ... you ... about? (to think) 7. Who ... at the
terrace over there? (to stand) 8. What ... in that house of yours? (to go on) 9. You ...
of young Ted ... you? (to think) 10. You ... , ... you? (not to quarrel) 11. ... they ...
beautifully? (not to dance) 12. Can you work when you children ... TV? (to watch)
55. Переведите предложения на английский язык, употребляя, где
возможно, Present Continuous.
1. Послушайте, Фред, вас кто-то разыскивает.
2. Зачем ты все это мне говоришь?
3. Эй, приятель, что ты делаешь в моей машине?
4. Почему все смеются?
5. Ты становишься слишком нервным.
6. - Что с ним, доктор? - К сожалению, должен сказать, что он употребляет
наркотики.
46
7. Разве ты не видишь, что губишь свое здоровье?
8. Я думаю, они сейчас живут в Италии.
9. Вы говорите, что я делаю большие успехи. Это правда?
10. Я люблю смотреть на них, когда они танцуют.
11. На что это они там смотрят?
12. Люди уже начинают поговаривать, что во всем виноват я сам.
13. Доктор говорит, что ребенок поправляется.
14. Разве дети еще не спят?
15. Послушай, почему ты смеешься? Я не шучу.
16. Когда отец ужинает, он обычно прочитывает газеты.
18. Занятия в университете становятся все интереснее и интереснее.
19. Кто это там идет к машине?
20. Кто помогает тебе с твоим хозяйством?
56. Переделайте предложения по образцу.
A: Tom's making a lot of mistakes!
B: He doesn't usually make mistakes. (stress on usually)
1. Tom's answering the telephone!
2. He's taking the children to school!
3. He's helping his wife!
4. He's looking after the baby!
5. He's walking the dog!
6. He's carrying his wife's basket!
7. He's cleaning the windows!
8. He's moving the lawn!
9. He's weeding the garden!
10.He's hanging out the washing!
11.They're spending their holidays at home!
12.I'm doing a crossword puzzle! (Use puzzles in answer.)
13.They're working late!
14.I'm knocking off early!
15.She's cooking it in butter!
16.She's baking bread!
17.He's looking miserable!
18.The dog is sleeping on your bed!
13.
19.She's driving her husband's car!
20.She's stopping at the traffic lights!
57. Заполните пропуски формами Present Continuous или Present Simple
глаголов в скобках.
1. She ... here quite alone and ... on the bench over there. (to come, to sit)
2. You know, you ... on the edge of a precipice. (to stand)
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3. The show ... at nine, (to begin)
4. For both of us a new life ... (to begin)
5. Where ... you ... , my boy? (to work)
6. I'm sure the others ... harder than I ... (to work)
7. Why, there is Catherine; she ... apricots, (to pick)
8. And then they ... on to the lawn and ... up flowers, and ... them to the shed, (to go,
to pick, to carry)
9. Then silence ... in. He ... and ... on. (to set, to bow, to pass)
10. Take off your hat, boy. They ... to you. (to bow)
11. Well, sir! What ... you ... here? (to do)
12. And what ... you ... in the City? (to do)
13. I don't know what you ... about! (to talk)
14. Lots of people ... well, but very few people ... well, (to act, to talk)
15. She always ... for me down there in the park, (to wait)
16. "Anything I can do for you, Miss?" 'Thank you, I... for my uncle, (to wait)
17. It ... late. Let's go home, (to get)
18. But it ... dark very late here, (to grow)
19. Why ... you so often ... lies to me? You know you ... now. (to tell, to lie)
58. Сравните выделенные глагольные формы в каждой паре
предложений. Объясните различия в их значениях.
1. (а) Не laughed. "What's the matter, why do you laugh?" (b) What are you
laughing at, boys?
2. (a) I don't know what goes on there in the village, (b) Hush! What's going
on here?
3. (a) I get worse every day. (b) I'm afraid he is getting worse every day.
4. (a) Well, I know how you feel just now. (b) He isn't feeling awfully well
today, I imagine.
5. (a) Is it you who looks after the child? (b) Poor lady. Her doctor is of course
looking after her?
6. (a) How pale you look! (b) You're looking very pale, Frankie.
7. (a) Do you promise to keep in the shade? (b) I'm not promising anything,
but I'm going to see to it.
8. (a) Why do you pretend not to know him? (b) You're just pretending not
to understand me.
9. (a) I warn you not to touch anything here, (b) This is private property, I'm
warning you to get off it.
10. (a) Why do you do all this? (b) Frankie, why are you doing all this?
11. (a) I don't know why he looks at me so. (b) "What are you doing here all
alone?" "I'm looking at the sunset."
12. (a) She turns away to hide the tears running down her cheeks, (b) Why are
you turning away from me?
13. (a) I see you don't limp, is your foot that better? (b) What's the matter
with the horse? He's limping.
48
14. I know what lady Frances is feeling, I feel the same.
15. When you talk of undiscovered crimes and unsolved crimes you are
talking of two different things.
59. Переведите предложения на английский язык, употребляя Present
Continuous или Present Simple.
1. Тише, тише! Дети спят.
2. - Кто там ходит по двору? - Это Том, он всегда в это время выходит
подышать свежим воздухом.
3. Не пуская детей гулять, идет сильный дождь.
4. Они всегда остаются дома в плохую погоду?
5. В чем дело? Мери редко делает домашнее задание так поздно вечером.
А сейчас смотри, уже 11 часов, а она все сидит за столом.
6. Я люблю смотреть на котят, когда они играют.
7. Смотри, опять Энн звонит Тому. Интересно, о чем они так часто
разговаривают?
8. - Где живет твой приятель? - Он живет в Москве, но сейчас гостит у
друзей в нашем городе.
9. - На что ты смотришь? ~ Я смотрю на облака. Они такие красивые,
видишь, они все время меняют форму.
10. - Ты уже не работаешь над этим переводом? - Нет, работаю. Сейчас я
перевожу предпоследнюю главу.
11. Луна вращается вокруг Земли.
12. - Что полезнее, Солнце или Луна? - Конечно, Луна: Солнце светит
днем, когда и так светло, а Луна - ночью, когда темно.
13. Почему Мери всегда улыбается, когда говорит с тобой?
14. Джек делает большие успехи, его русский язык все улучшается и
улучшается.
15. Почему вы так часто ссоритесь?
16. Джонни - удивительный ребенок, он никогда не плачет.
60. Произнесите предложения вслух. Прокомментируйте значения
выделенных форм. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. They don't really know anything about her, and they're always talking scandal
against her. 2. Oh, that's nonsense, you're always talking nonsense. 3. She's a very
kind heart, she's always trying to cheer me up, poor soul. 4. Why, what a good heart
you have! You're always thinking of others! 5. I'm afraid that she (the reed) is a
coquette, for she is always flirting with the wind. 6. The boy grinned. "Dad wishes
to talk! He's always looking for a victim." 7. People are always trying to get you
married. 8. Joe's quite a dreamer, he's always figuring something out. 9. You are
always telling me of your bad qualities, Lord Goring. 10. Extraordinary thing about
the lower classes in England - they are always losing their relations.
61. Переведите предложения на английский язык.
49
1. Я не люблю Джима, вечно он всем противоречит.
2. Как ты можешь дружить с этой девицей? Она же постоянно лжет.
3. Почему ты вечно говоришь обо всех неприятные вещи?
4. Мери очень славная девчушка, она всегда старается всем помочь.
5. Вечно ты теряешь перчатки! 6. Я не люблю заходить к Гоббсам, они
постоянно ссорятся.
7. Что с тобой? Ты теперь постоянно ворчишь!
8. Все прекрасно знают, что Дик вечно подглядывает за соседями.
9. У Кэт прекрасный характер, она всегда в хорошем настроении и постоянно
смеется.
10. Опять у тебя нет зонтика! Вечно ты их теряешь!
62. Объясните, почему в каждом блоке предложений глаголы, выражая
длительные действия, употреблены в разных формах.
1.
(a) Do you think I‫ۥ‬m not right? (b) "Are you angry with me?" "No, I'm just
thinking over your words." 2. (a) What do you see there? (b) Jack isn't in yet. He's
seeing off his friend, (c) When are you seeing the Popes? 3. (a) Forgive me if you
can. I'm really an idiot, (b) I'm sorry. I'm being an idiot. 4. The supper smells good
but I can't see what I'm smelling. 5. (a) I don't like the man. He is so impudent, (b)
Why are you being so impudent? 6. (a) How many brothers does he have? (b) You
see, I'm having difficulty with these boys, (c) Sorry, friend. He can't answer your
call, he's having a bath. 7. (a) Do you expect the dog is going to return? (b) I'm
expecting a visitor. 8. (a) Are you still considering their point? (b) I consider it all
wrong. 9. (a) "What's the matter?" "I hear some noise." (b) You know, I am hearing
a lot. 10. (a) I won't have it, it tastes too sweet, (b) And what are you tasting now?
63. Прокомментируйте употребление форм Present Continuous и Present
Simple.
1. (a) Are you better now? Do you really feel well? (b) You can't see her, she
isn't feeling well at the moment. 2. (a) I hope I'm right, (b) I'm still hoping you may
change your mind. 3. (a) I hate staying in here, (b) Are you still hating me? 4. (a) I
don't want to see any of them just now. (b) So, you're not wanting to kiss me? 5. (a)
Do you like the picture? (b) How are you liking Manderly, Mrs. De Winter? 6. (a)
Do you enjoy the party? (b) How are you enjoying your work? 7. (a) You look
wonderful, darling, (b) I must say they are looking too dangerous now. 8. (a) Do you
hear me well? (b) Aren't you hearing what she's saying?
64. Прочитайте предложения вслух. Прокомментируйте употребление
выделенных форм. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1.
I'm going up to town tomorrow. 2. Is he coming with us? 3. Her sister is
arriving from Paris next Friday. 4. When are you meeting that boy of yours? 5. I'm
very sorry he's leaving. 6. Well, he's leaving tomorrow morning. But he's coming
back on Monday. He's only going away for the weekend. 7. I'm glad he's not
coming. 8. We're dining out tomorrow. 9. The car is meeting me round the corner, I
50
can give you a lift. 10. If he's playing tomorrow, go to town and try to get his
autograph. 11. I'm sorry, tomorrow I'm probably driving to London. 12. "Margaret,
what you said before dinner is, of course, impossible?" "that woman is not coming
here tonight!" 13. Ring me up later when I'm not working.
65. Заполните пропуски формами Present Continuous или Present Simple
глаголов в скобках (в значении будущего).
1. She ... to Paris tonight, (to fly) 2. Don't interrupt us when we ... the thing, (to
stage) 3. I ... my old mates tomorrow, (to meet) 4. Stay where you are till you ... the
blue car. (to see) 5. ... you ...with us? (to come) 6. Tomorrow my brother-in-law ...
back. His train ... at 1.30. (to come, to arrive) 7. Count up to 10 before you ... (to
answer) 8. I ... down to meet Annie at ten o'clock, (to go) 9. ... Wednesday
tomorrow? (to be) 10. Mind that classes ... at 9 the day after tomorrow, (to begin) 11.
I ... them next week, (to see) 12. What time ... the game ... ? (to begin) 13. I'm sorry, I
... classes this Saturday, (to have) 14. The gallery only ... at 10 o'clock. We can have
a cup of coffee, (to open) 15. When ... the next fly to London? (to be) 16. What time
... your boy ? (to leave) 17. She may come at 10 Sunday morning when we ...
breakfast. (to have)
66. Переведите предложения на английский язык формами Present
Continuous или Present Simple в значении будущего.
1. Не спеши, поезд отходит через час.
2. Ты тоже идешь на дискотеку?
3. Я очень нервничаю, завтра я встречаюсь с отцом.
4. Не расстраивайся, я уезжаю ненадолго.
5. Что ты делаешь в воскресенье утром?
6. Галерея открывается послезавтра.
7. Когда уезжают твои гости?
8. Когда отходит ваш паром?
9. Какие у тебя планы на уикенд?
10. Ты помнишь, что выставка закрывается в следующий вторник?
11. Завтра родители улетают в Штаты.
12. Когда я снова тебя увижу?
13. Я очень хочу ее послушать. Где она поет в ближайшую субботу?
14. Когда начинается спектакль?
15. Приходи пораньше, когда все еще только будут собираться.
16. Мы можем поговорить вечером, когда все будут смотреть телевизор.
67. Прокомментируйте значение выделенных форм. Переведите
предложения на русский язык.
1. Sit down. I'm going to tell you a lot of things. 2. I think you're right. But
what are we going to say to them? 3. Look here, I'm going to ask you a question. 4.
51
Now we're going to play something new. 5. I'm glad we're not going to waste any
time. 6. We're going to show him what it all means. 7. Are you going to talk to him
on the subject? 8. It is the only hope for him, but where are you going to find such
things? 9. What are you going to do about the whole matter? 10. If you leave now.
I'm going to lose all I have.
68. Откройте скобки
1. She (not work), she (swim) in the river.
2. He (teach) his boy to ride.
3. Why Ann (not wear) her new dress?
4. The airplane (fly) at 2,000 meters.
5. What Tom (do) now? He (clean) his shoes.
6. This fire (go) out. Somebody (bring) more coal?
7. It (rain)?~
Yes, it (rain) very hard. You can't go out yet.
8. Why you (mend) that old shirt?
9. You (not tell) the truth. ~
How do you know that I (not tell) the truth?
10. Who (move) the furniture about upstairs? ~
It's Tom. He (paint) the front bedroom.
11. Mrs Jones (sweep) the steps outside her house
12. What you (read) now? I (read) Crime and Punishment.
13. It is a lovely day. The sun (shine) and the birds (sing).
14. Someone (knock) at the door. Shall I answer it? ~
I (come) in a minute. I just (wash) my hands.
15. She always (ring) up and (ask) questions.
16. Why you (make) a cake? Someone (come) to tea?
17. Where is Tom? ~
He (lie) under the car.
18. Can I borrow your pen or you (use) it at the moment?
19. You (do) anything this evening? ~
No, I'm not. Well, I (go) to the cinema. Would you like to come with me?
20. We (have) breakfast at 8.00 tomorrow as Tom (catch) an early train.
21. Ann usually does the shopping, but I (do) it today as she isn't well.
22. Why you (type) so fast? You (make) a lot of mistakes.
23. Mother (rest) now. She always rests after lunch.
24. They (dig) an enormous hole just outside my gate. ~
What they (do) that for? ~
I don't know. Perhaps they (look) for oil.
25. What (make) that terrible noise? ~
It's the pneumatic drill. They (repair) the road.
26. The children are very quiet. Go and see what they (do). 52
They (cut) up some Ј5 notes.
27. What you (wait) for?I (wait) for my change; the boy just (get) it.
28. I can't hear what you (say); the traffic (make) too much noise.
29. She always (lose) her glasses and (ask) me to look for them.
The simple present and the present continuous
69. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в the simple present или the present
continuous tense.
1. Cuckoos (not build) nests. They (use) the nests of other birds.
2 .You can't see Tom now: he (have) a bath.
3. He usually (drink) coffee but today he (drink) tea.
4.What she (do) in the evenings? ~
She usually (play) cards or (watch) TV.
5. I won't go out now as it (rain) and I (not have) an umbrella.
6. The last train (leave) the station at 11.30.
7. He usually (speak) so quickly that I (not understand) him.
8. Ann (make) a dress for herself at the moment. She (make) all her
own clothes.
14.
9. Hardly anyone (wear) a hat nowadays.
10.I'm afraid I've broken one of your coffee cups. —
Don't worry. I (not like) that set anyway.
11. I (wear) my sunglasses today because the sun is very strong.
12. Tom can't have the newspaper now because his aunt (read) it.
13. I'm busy at the moment. I (redecorate) the sitting room.
14. The kettle (boil) now. Shall I make the tea?
15. You (enjoy) yourself or would you like to leave now? I (enjoy) myself very much. I (want) to stay to the end.
16. How you (get) to work as a rule? ~
I usually (go) by bus but tomorrow I (go) in Tom's car.
17. Why you (put) on your coat? ~
I (go) for a walk. You (come) with me?Yes, I'd love to come. You (mind) if I bring my dog?
18. You (read) a lot?Yes, quite a lot. How often you (change) your books? —
I (change) one every day.
19. I always (buy) lottery tickets but I never (win) anything.
20. You (like) this? I (give) it to my daughter for her birthday
tomorrow.
21. I won't tell you my secret unless you (promise) not to tell anyone. 53
I (promise).
22. You always (write) with your left hand?
23. You (love) him?No, I (like) him very much but I (not love) him.
24. You (dream) at night?Yes, I always (dream) and if I (eat) too much supper I (have)
nightmares.
25. We (use) this room today because the window in the other room is
broken.
26. He always (say) that he will mend the window but he never (do) it.
27. You (know) why an apple (fall) down and not up?
28. You (write) to him tonight? Yes, I always (write) to him on his birthday. You (want) to send any
message?
15.
29. Tom and Mr. Pitt (have) a long conversation. I (wonder) what they
(talk) about.
30. You (believe) all that the newspapers say?No, I (not believe) any of it. ~
Then why you (read) newspapers?
31. This car (make) a very strange noise. You (think) it is all right?Oh, that noise (not matter). It always (make) a noise like that.
32. The fire (smoke) horribly. I can't see across the room. –
70. Сделайте по образцу.
A: John spends the winters in the Bahamas.
B: Doesn't his sister spend the winters in the Bahamas as well?
A: John's going on a cruise this spring?
B: Isn't his sister going on a cruise this spring as well?
Note that some sentences are in the present continuous tense, some
are in the simple present tense.
1. John goes skiing at Christmas.
2. John drives an Alfa Romeo.
3. John lives in a penthouse in Park Lane.
4. John is learning to fly a helicopter.
5. John loses a lot of money gambling.
6. John is planning to buy a Greek island.
7. John drinks champagne for breakfast.
8. John gives marvellous parties.
9. John knows a lot of important people.
10.John plays polo.
54
11.John employs a private bodyguard.
12.John is building a second swimming pool.
13.John is buying an enormous yacht.
14.John collects Old Masters.
15.John is starting a private zoo.
16.John spends a fortnight in a health resort every year.
17.John eats off gold plates.
18.John is terrified of being kidnapped.
19.John is always grumbling about high taxation.
20.John is thinking of moving to a tax-haven.
71.
A: He usually smokes Turkish cigarettes.
B: But today he is smoking French cigarettes.
A: He usually reads a German paper.
B: But today he is reading a French paper.
He usually ...
1. drives a German car.
2. rides an English horse.
3. sings German songs.
4. plays Italian music.
5. drinks English beer.
6. dances with a Greek girl.
7. uses an English dictionary.
8. has lunch in a Japanese restaurant.
9. listens to the news in English.
10.writes in Spanish.
11.goes to Indian films. (Use a French film in the answer.)
12.talks English.
13.corrects the Spanish essays.
14.explains in English.
15.lectures in Spanish.
16.broadcasts in Spanish.
17.addresses students in English.
18.cooks a Spanish meal for us.
19.travels by an Italian airline.
20.swears in Italian.
72.
The simple present and the present continuous
Поставьте глаголы в скобках в the simple present or present continuous tense.
1.What this one (cost)?55
It (cost) forty pence.
2. You (hear) the wind? It (blow) very strongly tonight.
3. You (see) my car keys anywhere? No, I (look) for them but I (not see) them.
4. He never (listen) to what you say. He always (think) about something else.
5. This book is about a man who (desert) his family and (go) to live on a Pacific
island.
6. You (understand) what the lecturer is saying? ~
No, I (not understand) him at all.
7. What you (have) for breakfast usually? ~
I usually (eat) a carrot and (drink) a glass of cold water.
8. When the curtain (rise) we (see) a group of workers. They (picket) factory gate.
9. Why you (walk) so fast today? You usually (walk) quite slowly. ~
I (hurry) because I (meet) my mother at 4 o'clock and she (not like) to be kept
waiting.
10. I (wish) that dog would lie down. He (keep) jumping up on my lap. ~
I (think) he (want) to go for a walk.
11. You (recognize) that man? ~
I (think) that I have seen him before but I (not remember) his name
12. Look at that crowd. I (wonder) what they (wait) for.
13. This message has just arrived and the man (wait) in case you (want) to send a
reply.
14. Stop! You (not see) the notice? ~
I (see) it but I can't read it because I (not wear) my glasses. What it (say)? ~
It (say) 'These premises are patrolled by guard dogs'.
15. She always (borrow) from me and she never (remember) to pay me back.
16. You (need) another blanket or you (feel) warm enough?
17. It (save) time if you (take) the path through the wood? ~
No, it (not matter) which path you take.
18. I (save) up because I (go) abroad in July.
19.I (think) it is a pity you don't take more exercise. You (get) fat.
20. The plane that you (look) at now just (take) off for Paris,
21. Tom never (do) any work in the garden; he always (work) on his car.
22. What he (do) to his car now? ~
I (think) he (polish) it.
23. That film (come) to the local cinema next week. You (want) to see it?
24. How Peter (get) on at school? ~
Very well. He (seem) to like the life.
25. Why Mrs. Pitt (look) so angry? ~
Mr. Pitt (smoke) a cigarette and (drop) the ash on the carpet.
26. We (leave) home on the 8th, (arrive) in Paris on the 9th, (spend) the day in Paris,
and (set) out that night for Venice. ~
That (sound) most interesting. You must tell me all about it when you (get) back.
27. How you (end) a letter that (begin), 'Dear Sir'? ~
I always (put), 'Yours truly', but Tom (prefer) 'Yours faithfully'.
56
28. What the word 'catastrophe' (mean)? ~
It (mean) 'disaster'.
29. What you (wait) for?I (wait) for the shop to open. But it (not open) till 9.00. I (know) but I (want) to be early, as their sale (start) today.
30. Who (own) this umbrella? ~
I (not know). Everybody (use) it but nobody (know) who (own) it.
73. Придумать монологические высказывания, используя фразы и
предложения из предыдущего упражнения.
74. Составить диалоги, используя фразы и предложения из предыдущего
упражнения.
75. You are sitting in a train. Compose a story about what is happening around
using the Present Indefinite and the Present Continuous.
You are in a park.
76. Переведите на английский язык.
1. Почему ты улыбаешься? Я улыбаюсь, потому что счастлив. Я всегда
улыбаюсь, когда счастлив.
2. Почему ты краснеешь? Я краснею, потому что смущен. Я всегда краснею,
когда смущен.
3. Почему он дрожит? Он дрожит, потому что ему холодно. Он всегда
дрожит, когда ему холодно.
4. Почему твоя сестра кричит? Она кричит, потому что сердится. Она всегда
кричит, когда сердится.
5. Почему они курят? Они курят, потому что нервничают. Они всегда курят,
когда нервничают.
77. Переведите на английский язык.
1. «Что она обычно делает по вечерам?» - «Она обычно читает или слушает
радио».
2. Каким поездом вы уезжаете в Н на следующей неделе?
3. В следующее воскресенье к нам приезжают друзья из М.
4. Последний поезд уходит в 11.30.
5. Аня шьет себе платье сейчас. Она всю одежду шьет себе сама.
6. На ней сегодня шляпа, потому что солнце очень жаркое.\
77. Переведите на английский язык.
57
1. Сейчас я не могу вам дать газету, потому что я ее читаю.
2. Вы записаны в нашу библиотеку?» - Да». – «Вы много читаете?» - «Да,
довольно много». – «Как часто вы меняете книги?» - «Я меняю их через
три – пять дней».
3. «Вы видите где-нибудь мои очки?» - «Нет, я их ищу».
4. «Что у вас обычно на завтрак?» - «Я обычно ем яйцо и выпиваю стакан
молока».
5. «Почему вы так быстро идете сегодня? Вы обычно ходите совсем
медленно». – «Я спешу, так как я встречаюсь со своей сестрой в 4 часа».
78. Сделайте по образцу
A: (in tones of great astonishment): Tom is drinking beer!
B: Doesn't he usually drink beer? (stress on usually)
1. Peter is going second class!
2. Ann is smoking a cigar!
3. Mrs Smith is wearing a wig!
4. George is washing up!
5. Andrew is buying roses for his wife!
6. Paul is telling lies!
7. The boss is having lunch in the canteen!
8. Andrew is cooking the breakfast!
9. Peter is making his bed!
10.Mr Jones is typing his own letters.
11.The boss is standing in a queue.
12.Tom is sitting beside Margaret!
13.Bill is dancing with Alice!
14.Mrs Jones is playing roulette!
15.George is listening to our conversation!
16.Sara is going abroad for her holiday!
17.His business is making a profit!
18.Peter is going on strike with the others!
19.He is getting Christmas Day off!
79. Сделайте по образцу
A: The staff don't usually wear sandals in the office.
B: Then why are they wearing sandals today?
1. Mr Jones doesn't usually grumble.
2. The canteen staff don't usually complain.
3. The boss doesn't usually swear.
4. They don't usually pay us in dollars.
5. He doesn't usually write with his left hand.
58
6. They don't usually walk to work.
7. He doesn't usually lunch alone.
8. She doesn't usually stand by the window.
9. He doesn't usually sit with his feet on the desk.
10.The boss doesn't usually use a calculator.
11.She doesn't usually criticize us.
12.He doesn't usually make a fuss about nothing.
13.She doesn't usually bring the tea round.
14.The boss doesn't usually smile at us.
15.They don't usually leave early.
16.He doesn't usually lock the filing cabinets.
17.He doesn't type his own letters. (Omit own.)
18.He doesn't usually empty the wastepaper baskets himself. (Omit himself.)
19.He doesn't usually take papers home.
20.He doesn't usually watch the clock.
The Past Simple (Indefinite) Tense
Прошедшее неопределенное (простое) время служит для выражения
действия, совершившегося или совершавшегося в прошлом. Как правило,
время совершения действия известно. Это могут быть последовательные
действия или обычные, повторявшиеся действия.
Прошедшее неопределенное переводится на русский язык прошедшим
временем глагола как совершенного вида, так и несовершенного вида, в
зависимости от смысла предложения. Это время обычно употребляется с
такими выражениями, как:
yesterday - вчера
the day before yesterday - позавчера
last time – прошлый раз
last Sunday – в прошлое воскресенье
last night – вчера вечером
last week (month, year) – на прошлой неделе (месяце, году)
an hour ago – час назад
two days ago – два дня назад
in 1985 – в 1985 году
the other day – на днях
on Monday – в понедельник
В зависимости от того, как образуется форма прошедшего времени
все глаголы в английском языке делятся на правильные и неправильные.
Правильные глаголы образуют форму прошедшего времени прибавлением
суффикса -ed к основе глагола. Запомните произношение этого суффикса: 1.
to work – worked (основа глагола заканчивается на глухой согласный),
2. to play – played (основа глагола заканчивается на звонкий согласный или
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гласный),
3. to rest – rested (основа оканчивается на -t или –d).
Неправильные глаголы образуют простое прошедшее время не по общему
правилу. Их следует запомнить.
80.Поставьте глаголы в следующих предложениях в форму прошедшего
времени.
1. I go to work by bus.
2. I meet her on Tuesday.
3. He always wears black/
4. I make cakes every day.
5. She gets up at 6.00.
6. She speaks slowly.
7. He leaves the house at 9.00.
8. He understands me
9. He shuts the shop at 6.30.
10.I read a chapter every night.
11.You eat too much.
12. I see him every day.
13.Tom sings in the choir.
14.He cries when he is hurt.
15.Who knows the answer?
16.I think I know it.
17.The curtain rises at 8.00.
18.He takes the dog out twice a day.
19.We buy them here.
20.I dream every night.
21.Bluetits often lay eggs in that nesting box.
22.He often feels ill.
23.I know what he wants.
24.I usually pay him $5.
25.His dog always bites me.
26.It smells odd.
27.It costs 30p.
28.My back hurts.
29.I lie down after lunch.
30.We drink water.
31.His roses grow well.
32.He rides every day.
33.He often falls off.
34.These dogs fight when they meet.
35.He puts up his prices every year.
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36.He sleeps badly.
81.Составьте предложения из английских слов.
1. Met, I, my friends yesterday.
2. Discussed, we, two weeks ago, our problems.
3. to the country, by car, went, he, last time.
4. On the phone, she, two days ago, spoke to, him.
5. Visited, the USA, my chief, last year.
6. To me, she, came, two days ago.
7. Had breakfast, I, with friends, last Sunday.
8. At work, we, a lot of, interesting problems, last Monday, solved.
9. Yesterday, got up, he, at 7 o’clock.
10.Last week, went, we, to the exhibition.
11.Had, she, yesterday, fruit, for breakfast.
12.Much fun, last holidays, we had.
13.Last summer, traveled, to Italy, he.
14.A country house, last year, bought, they.
15.helped, me, they, yesterday.
16.Went, yesterday, the director, to France.
17.In the evening, came, to the hotel, Mary.
18.The day before yesterday, saw, him, I.
19.Yesterday, slept, well, I.
20.Two days ago, organized, our firm, a meeting.
82.Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. Мы имели много проблем два дня назад.
2. Он помог мне в прошлом году.
3. Вчера я говорил с ней о семейных проблемах.
4. После обеда мы смотрели телевизор.
5. Прошлым летом мы остановились в хорошем отеле.
6. Он курил два года назад.
7. В прошлый понедельник мы посетили наших друзей.
8. В прошлый раз я организовал эту выставку.
9. В прошлом году они планировали купить машину.
10.Вчера после обеда я ходил в магазин.
11.Два дня назад она дала мне интересные книги.
12.В прошлом месяце мы работали много.
13.Он взял ее с собой вчера.
14.В прошлом месяце мы организовали интересную встречу.
15.Мы встретились в 1965 году.
16.Мой друг вчера много водил машину.
17.Он начал работать в 1986 году.
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18.Вчера мы выпили много кофе.
19.Пять лет назад они жили в Германии.
20.Мы видели их две недели назад.
83. Работа с текстом.
Elsie lives in Oxford. She’s quite tall, with grey hair, green eyes and a big
nose. She’s 70, but she looks a lot younger.
When she was a child she lived in a small village in the country not far from
Oxford, when her brother Joe and her sister Betty. Her mother was a difficult woman
with a very strong, hard personality; her father was a quiet man, completely
dominated by his wife.
After Elsie left school she studied to be a nurse, but she didn’t finish her
studies because she got married. She and her husband went to live in London.
However, London was a dangerous place because of the war, and shortly after her
first child was born they moved to the country.
Elsie is a very lovely woman, and she is the most talkative person I know.
She likes music, dancing and making jewellery. She is also a Fanatical gardener, and
she has a wonderful garden full of beautiful roses and a variety of other flowers. She
lives alone with her cat, whose name is Simon, but she spends a lot of time visiting
her grandchildren.
84.Постройте вопросительные предложения из английских слов.
1. You, did, study English, last year.
2. Yesterday, they, did, meet, him?
3. A busy day, did, have, we, yesterday?
4. She, did, come to you, on Sunday?
5. Sleep, you, did, well, yesterday?
6. His wife, did, do the shopping, yesterday?
7. She, did, like, the meeting?
8. They, did, in the country, have a good time, last Wednesday?
9. You, did, go to the party, two days ago?
10.You, did, English newspapers, read, three days ago?
11.They, did, to Italy, last year, travel?
12.Your friends, yesterday, go, to restaurant, did?
13.She, did, see, him, the day before yesterday?
14.They, did, the money, give, them, last Monday?
15.You, did, last summer, swim?
16.Your chief, his work, did, finish, after dinner, yesterday?
17.He, did, drive a car, well, last year?
18.Did, have dinner, you, yesterday?
19.Your friend, plan, last year, to travel, did?
20.They, did, last time, work, a lot?
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85.Структура с глаголом To be в прошедшем времени.
I (he, she, it) was at home yesterday. You were at work. They were at home.
I (he, she, it) wasn’t at home. You weren’t at work. They weren’t at home.
Was he (she, it) at home? Were you at work? Were they at home?
Where was he (she, it) yesterday? When were you at work? When were they home?
1. I didn’t like the book, it …dull.
2. The contract … profitable and the director signed it.
3. The children … lazy, they didn’t want to study.
4. You … at home, you didn’t go to the office yesterday.
5. We … very polite to them yesterday.
6. Mary … very religious, she went to church every day.
7. Her favorite color … white.
8. The situation … serious and we didn’t know what to do.
9. They … very selfish, they didn’t want to help anybody.
10.Their taste … very original.
11.He … very angry with his son.
12.I liked the picture, it … very expressive.
13.Their ideas … new and original.
14.The food … very fat and they didn’t like it.
15.She … married two years ago.
86. Tenses: simple past pronunciation, -ed pronounced /Id/
A: When did you report it?
B: I reported it yesterday.
When did ...
1. he start?
2. she faint?
3. you expect him?
4. he invite her?
5. you remind them?
6. you wait for them?
7. she paint the door?
8. you want the information?
9. you need the advice?
10.you post the letters?
11.you dust the bedrooms?
12.you hand it in?
13.they appoint Peter?
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14.they collect it?
15.you intend to start?
16.she accept the invitation?
17.she add these figures up?
18.they divide the takings?
19.he repeat his offer?
20.they decorated the Christmas tree?
87. Tenses: simple past pronunciation, -ed pronounced /Id/
A: Did you watch the
A: Did the lift stop?
match?
B: Yes, of course it
B: Yes, of course I
stopped.
watched it.
1. Did you talk to them?
2. Did your scheme work?
3. Did they walk here?
4. Did he cook the steak?
5. Did she stuff the chicken?
6. Did the news astonish him?
7. Did he hope to see Ann?
8. Did they search the flat?
9. Did you dismiss him?
10.Did they kidnap the boy?
11.Did he cough?
12.Did you knock?
13.Did they tax his earnings?
14.Did he look for his passport?
15.Did she type the letters?
16.Did they discuss my suggestion?
17.Did the dogs bark?
18.Did you wrap it up?
19.Did they photograph the documents?
20.Did you laugh?
88. Tenses: simple past pronunciation, -ed pronounced /Id/
A: When did all this
happen?
B: It happened last week.
A: When did he open your
letters?
B: He opened them last week.
When did ...
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1. they move in?
2. the transmitter arrive?
3. they rewire the flat?
4. they install closed-circuit television?
5. the caretaker disappear?
6. they murder the other tenants?
7. they drug the landlord?
8. they dispose of the bodies?
9. they receive the stolen property?
10.they bury the gold bars?
11.they change the lock?
12.they oil the hinges?
13.they use the secret passage?
14.the leader threaten you?
15.the masked man follow you?
16.the neighbours complain?
17.you mention your suspicions?
18.you accuse them?
19.they destroy the evidence?
20.he erase the tapes?
89. Tenses: simple past pronunciation, mixed
A: Did Ann complain?
B: No. It was Tom who
complained.
A: Did Ann solve the
problem?
B: No. It was Tom who
solved it.
Did Ann ...
1. apply for the job?
2. drop the eggs?
3. fix the tape recorder?
4. forward the letters?
5. organize the trip?
6. lock the safe?
7. wreck the car?
8. object?
9. accompany the students?
10.help Bill?
11.fetch the children?
12.suggest the party?
13.jump first?
14.land by parachute? (Keep parachute.)
15.ask you?
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16.demand compensation? (Keep compensation.)
17.drug the coffee?
18.rescue you?
19.dictate these notes?
20.scream?
90. Tenses: simple past irregular verbs
A: You usually take two pieces of toast, don't you? (three)
B: Yes, but today I took three.
A: You usually buy your vegetables at your local greengrocer's, don't you? (the
market)
B: Yes, but today I bought them at the market.
You usually ... don't you?
1. get out at Leicester Square (Piccadilly)
2. drink water (wine)
3. meet Paul at his office (at his club)
4. feel well (awful)
5. read the Daily Telegraph (The Times)
6. send the documents by post (by hand)
7. tell Peter first (Janet)
8. go with Peter (with Paul)
9. come by bus (by taxi)
10.say too little (too much)
11.buy apples (pears)
12.stand at the side (at the back)
13.sit downstairs (upstairs)
14.leave at eight (at nine)
15.write three lines (three pages)
16.put the money in the safe (in the drawer)
17.ring her at seven (at six)
18.wake the children at eight (at seven)
19.spend a lot of money (hardly anything)
20.make a profit (a loss)
91. Tenses: simple past irregular verbs
A: Has he seen Ann?
B: Yes, he saw her yesterday.
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A: Has he driven the car yet?
B: Yes, he drove it yesterday. (yet is omitted in the answer.)
1. Have you sold your car?
2. Have you spoken to Jack?
3. Have you lost your watch?
4. Have they heard the news?
5. Have they drunk the wine?
6. Have you rung Tom?
7. Has she seen the play?
8. Have you paid the bill?
9. Have you caught a fish yet? (Use one in the answer.)
10.Has she broken off the engagement? (Note pronoun position: break it off.)
11.Have you learnt your irregular verbs?
12.Has he torn his trousers?
13.Has he ever forgotten your birthday? (No object is necessary. Omit ever.)
14.Has she begun work yet? (No object is necessary.)
15.Have you found your keys?
16.Have you burnt the documents?
17.Has she swept the stairs?
18.Have you thrown the letter away? (Note pronoun position: throw it away.)
19.Have you given him the book? (Note pronoun position: give it to him.)
20.Have you ground the coffee?
91. Tenses: simple past interrogative
(i) A: I haven't seen Bill for ages.
B: When did you last see him?.
(ii) A: I haven't eaten an egg for ages.
B: When did you last see him?
I haven't ... for ages.
1. drunk whisky
2. spoken German
3. read a book (See (ii) above.)
4. told a lie (See (ii) above.)
5. broken a glass (See (ii) above.)
6. written to Peter
7. had an accident (See (ii) above.)
8. make a mistake (See (ii) above.)
9. flown
10.driven a car (See (ii) above.)
11.ridden my motorbike
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12.got lost
13.bought anything (Use something.)
14.cut my hair
15.kept him waiting (Do not change waiting.)
16.missed a class (See (ii) above.)
17.paid income tax
18.slept well
19.quarrelled with him
20.heard from her
92. Tenses: simple past, negative interrogative
A: I talked to Tom.
B: Didn't you talk to Jack too?
1. I helped Bill.
2. I thanked George.
3. I paid Peter.
4. I congratulated Andrew.
5. I fined Paul.
6. I spoke to James.
7. I met Arthur.
8. I wrote to Bill.
9. I saw Ann.
10.I tipped Joan.
11.I photographed Oliver.
12.I sent a card to Hugh.
13.I got a ticket for Mary.
14.I kept a seat for Bob.
15.I asked George.
16.I invited Margaret.
17.I forgave Alec.
18.I offered a lift to Bill.
19.I stopped Peter.
20.I warned Hugh.
93. Tenses: I thought you + past tense
A: I go to work by bus. (tube)
B: I thought you went to work by tube.
1. I drink coffee. (tee)
2. He smokes cigars. (a pipe)
3. I leave home at 8.00. (9.00)
4. I start work at 9.00 . (10.00)
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5. I eat in the canteen. (in a restaurant)
6. I get up at 6.00. (7.00).
7. I make $40 a week. ($50)
8. He writes detective stories. (love stories)
9. The train leaves at 4.00. (4.30)
10.I spend $1 a week on fares. ($2)
11.I come from Scotland. (Wales)
12.I play tennis. (golf)
13.I collect coins. (stamps)
14.I agree with Peter. (Paul)
15.I always have lunch with Andrew. (George)
16.I paint in water-colours. (oils)
17.I need a hammer. (chisel)
18.He prefers Ann. (Mary)
19.I cook it in butter. (oil)
20.He sells tape recorders. (radios)
94. Tenses: I thought you + past tense
(i) A: I live in Kensington.
B: I thought you lived in Pimlico.
Keep the nouns unchanged.
1. I work in Mayfair.
2. I shop in Kensington.
3. I live in Finchley.
4. I go to classes in Soho.
5. I leave my car in Victoria.
6. Peter and I meet in Hyde Park.
7. I send his mail to Westminster.
8. I get out at Brixton.
1. I catch my train at Earl's Court
2. I buy my shoes in Knightsbridge.
3. I play tennis in Dulwich.
4. I prefer Vauxhall.
5. I want a garage in Barnet.
6. I spend my weekends in
Whitechapel.
7. He refuses to live in Lambeth.
(b) A: I teach English
B: Oh, I thought you taught French.
1. I speak English in class.
2. I correct his English.
3. I sing in English.
4. I write the minutes of the
meeting
in English.
5. I complain in English.
6. I argue in English.
1. I shout at him in English.
2. I translate the letters into
English.
3. I give the instructions in English.
4. I explain in English.
5. I swear in English.
6. I think in English.
7. I count in English.
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7. I test their English.
8. We discuss it in English.
95. Tenses: I didn't know + past tense
A: These are my skis.
A: George keeps his chess set here.
B: I didn't know you skied. (play)
B: I didn't know he played chess.
1. These are my knitting needles.
2. These are Ann's skates.
3. Here are Tom's boxing gloves.
4. This is Mary's fishing rod.
5. This is Bill's fencing mask.
6. These are Ann's paintbrushes.
7. Here are George's water-skis.
8. This is Paul's diving equipment.
9. These are my sailing clothes.
10.These are Mary's gardening gloves.
11.Here are Tom's football boots. (play)
12.George keeps his cigars in that drawer. (smoke)
13.Those crash-helmets over there belong to the boys. (ride motorbikes)
14.Here's my stamp album. (collect)
15.These are photos of me flying helicopters.
16.I'm looking for my contact lenses. (wear)
17.All this mountain-climbing equipment belongs to Hugo. (climb)
18.Here are some photos of me making speeches at Hyde Park Corner.
19.Here are some photos of me leading demonstrations.
20.I keep my fortune-telling equipment in that cupboard. (tell fortunes)
96.Переведите предложения на английский язык.
1. Я был дома вчера.
2. Ситуация была очень плохая.
3. Вчера мы были очень злы.
4. Его дом был большой и современный.
5. Она была вежлива с нами прошлый раз.
6. Его идеи были оригинальны.
7. Мальчик был очень ленив.
8. Вы были в офисе два дня назад.
9. Мы были в больнице позавчера.
10.Эта работа была важной для нас.
11.Они были в Париже прошлым летом.
12.Я был занят вчера.
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13.Новости были ужасные.
14.Информация была очень интересная.
15.Его совет был хорошим.
16.Вы устали вчера?
17.Он был с вами прошлый раз?
18.Они были вежливы с ней?
19.Ваши друзья были заняты вчера?
20.Мы были терпеливы?
21.Я была права?
22.Фильм был скучным?
23.Они были за городом вчера?
24.Мы были грубы с ними?
25.Ее жизнь была ужасна?
26.Они были добры к вам?
27.Ваша работа была интересной?
28.Он был уверен в этом?
29.Ты был болен в прошлый раз?
30.Она была очень богата?
31.Мы не были на работе вчера.
32.Она не была больна два дня назад.
33.Наш визит не был выгодным.
34.они не были за городом в воскресенье.
35.Он не был нашим другом.
36.Вы не были правы в прошлый раз.
37.Это не было интересно для них.
38.Он не был хорошим врачом.
39.Они не были ленивы.
40.Я не был на конференции.
41.Информация не была важной.
42.его советы не были полезны для нас.
43.Эти люди не были с нами прошлый раз.
44.Фрукты не были вкусными.
45.Вы не были нашим другом.
97. Напишите формы Past Simple от следующих глаголов. Произнесите
их. Сгруппируйте по произношению окончания -ed.
То work, to live, to like, to decide, to play, to spy, to plant, to intend, to laugh,
to stop, to please, to talk, to study, to plan, to land, to cry, to want, to oblige, to stir, to
clear, to prefer, to reveal, to limit, to omit.
98. Напишите формы Past Simple следующих неправильных глаголов и
запомните их.
То read, to write, to speak, to tell, to say, to have, to be, to take, to give, to
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stand, to sit, to go, to come, to sleep, to feel, to think, to know, to see, to find, to
bring, to send, to hear, to eat, to teach, to ring, to drink, to begin, to put, to shut.
99. Отнесите действия следующих предложений к прошлому.
Используйте фразы на полях.
Образец: I get up at 8 o'clock.
Yesterday, at 7 o'clock,
1. His working day lasts eight hours.
Yesterday I got up
at 7 o'clock.
two days ago,
ten hours
2. In summer they often swim in the river,
last summer,
play volley-ball, go for walks.
very seldom
3. She works five days a week.
two years ago,
six days
4. As a rule John gets up, washes, dresses,
yesterday,
has breakfast and walks to his office.
without breakfast
5. It is very hot today.
last week, cold
6. His family lives in London.
five years ago,
in Moscow
7. Little Tommie can not write yet.
some months ago,
read
8. We have dinner at 6 o'clock.
on Sunday,
at 4 o'clock
9. They sometimes play ping-pong after
last year,
classes.
before classes
10. This winter is rather warm.
last winter, cold
100. Сделайте следующие предложения вопросительными и
отрицательными.
(A) 1. At noon they came up to the beach. 2. He began to pace around the
room. 3. The plane disappeared beyond the mountains. 4. He lived in the country all
his life. 5. He met her in Paris last year. 6. The painter looked at him in amazement.
7. She knew her husband through and through. 8. He turned pale. 9. The storm raged
all that night. 10. She seemed quite angry.
(B) 1. She was a beautiful girl. 2. They were silent. 3. Helen's eyes were
large. 4. She was terribly upset. 4. The weather was fine that day. 5. She could read
very well at the age of three. 6. He could tell it to you at once. 7. He could tell them
the truth. 8. She could finish the work in time.
(C) 1. They had a big house in the country. 2. We had breakfast at nine. 3.
Just then he had a lot of time. 4. In the hall he had a lot of odd things. 5. She had a
terrible headache last night. 6. They had breakfast very late that morning. 7. Before
going out he had a hot shower. 8. Then they had a long discussion.
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102. Прочитайте предложения. Найдите в них формы Past Simple,
скажите, какого рода действия они называют. Переведите предложения на
русский язык.
1. I didn't expect to see you. I heard you had pneumonia.
2. The painter laughed.
3. On Sundays they usually had a long drive into the country.
4. We waited till his light went out and we walked quietly down the back
steps.
6. All those years he studied medicine.
9. Their friends poured in during the afternoon with gifts and good-wishes.
10. Oh, why didn't he lock his door last night?
11. The fourteen board members met once a month in a larger room.
12. She sat looking at him for a little while.
13. All that summer it rained incessantly.
14. For the first time since childhood he felt like crying.
15. Lord Henry smiled and looked at Dorian Grey.
16. Every time he saw me he walked up and said something or other about the
weather.
13. I exchanged a few words with them, waved, then turned back and pushed
the door open.
18. For a moment he walked to and fro in silence, then suddenly stopped
before her.
19. He said nothing. He waited until the man finished his drink.
20. The troubles in that house began long before Jem and I were born.
21. They could not wait till he returned and told them all.
103. Заполните пропуски формами Past Simple глаголов в скобках.
Укажите, какого рода действия они называют. Переведите предложения на
русский язык.
1. She ... of me as her dearest friend, (to speak) 2. Only you must remember I
... you. (to warn) 3. I ... the door and ... it while he ... down the steps, (to open, to
hold, to creep) 4. I always ... these people ... the best people in the world, (to think, to
be) 5. I ... and ... looking at the road, (to return, to stand) 6. As I ... that there ... more
than one figure in the door opening, (to speak, to notice, to be) 7. I... you ... stay until
he ... his eyes, (to tell, can, to open) 8. He ... another swallow from his glass, ... , ...
his eyes, ... his head a few times, then ... forward, (to take, to grimace, to close, to
shake, to lean) 9. Before Jem ... to his room, he ... for a long time at the Radley place,
(to go, to look) 10. As we ... up the sidewalk we ... a light burning in the distance, (to
walk, to see) 11. He ... until we ... on the sidewalk, (not to speak, to be) 12. All those
years he ... to return to his native country, (to want)
104. Дайте полные ответы на следующие вопросы. Используйте слова и
фразы на полях.
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1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
When did you get home yesterday?
When did you see Mary last?
Where did she buy that beautiful hat?
Where did Tom find the lost book?
Why did Mary tell me a lie?
6. Why didn't Tom return the book to the
library yesterday?
7. Whom did you tell about Tom's failure?
8. Who did you speak to at the dean's
office?
9. What did the children look for in your
room?
10. Who did Dr. Smith operate on in
the morning?
at about seven
at the theatre
in Paris
under the sofa
to be afraid
to make you angry
cannot find
it
nobody
the secretary
the white kitten
Tom's father
105. Составьте 12 специальных вопросов, используя данные ниже
фразы.
Образец: you - to cook dinner
When did you usually cook dinner?
You - to come home, Kitty - to watch IV, they - to oner an interesting job, he to stop writing to her, we - to learn French, you -to put my gloves, your parents - to
get angry with you, the guests -to gather in the big hall, she - to live far from the
university, the doctor - to operate on my friend.
106. Ответьте на вопросы, используя слова и фразы на полях.
1. Who told you about my misfortune?
2. Who offered you that job?
3. Who was with you at the concert?
4. Who went to see Mary when she was ill?
5. What spread all over the city last night?
6. Who found your dog at last?
7. Who wrote that article?
8. Who was absent from classes yesterday?
9. What fell down from the shelf that
evening?
10. What worried you?
11. What annoyed you?
12. What made you so gay?
my brother
a friend of mine
my sister
all her friends
the fog
some boys
our professor
two of our students
some books
my son's poor health
my neighbours constant quarrels
the fine weather
107. В следующих предложениях найдите подлежащие и задайте к
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ним вопросы.
1. My companion made no answer. 2. He smiled and looked away. 3. The
doctor spoke very slowly. 4. The dust danced in the beams of the sun. 5. The flowers
smelt sweet. 6. Soon they returned home. 7. The girl did not look at the stranger. 8.
Five minutes later the car stopped. 9. The leaves whispered something to one another.
10. The very sound of her voice pleased me. 11. His mistakes did not make Mother
angry. 12. We noticed the car too late.
108. Ответьте на вопросы.
1. 1. When did you get home yesterday?
2. Were your family in yet?
3. Who met you in the hall?
4. You changed your shoes, didn't you?
5. What kind of shoes did you put on?
6. Weren't they too big for you?
7. What did you hang your coat on?
8. Supper wasn't ready yet, was it?
9. Who cooked supper for you?
10. What did you have for supper?
11. Did you have supper in the kitchen or in the dining-room?
12. You liked the supper, and what about the rest of your family?
13. Did you watch TV after supper?
14. What was on?
15. Was the programme interesting or was it dull?
16. Did you enjoy it?
17. What did the rest of family do in the evening?
18. Why didn't your wife watch TV?
19. Where did she go after supper?
20. Did you all keep late hours?
109. Задайте вопросы ко всем членам предложения.
1. 1. Не jumped off the ladder.
2. I heard all about it the other day from your friend.
3. She lived in a small flat all by herself.
4. They had a lot of friends.
5. She was my sister.
6. He never troubled his head about these things.
7. The news came early next morning.
8. Some days ago his family moved in a new flat.
9. The great event happened last week.
10. I never spoke to him that morning.
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110. Составьте вопросы, на которые следующие предложения могли
бы быть ответами.
1. On Friday Father came home very early.
2. On Sunday evening we went to the disko.
3. They arrived on Monday.
4. I bought the dictionary in that big book-shop over their.
5. She missed those classes because she was ill.
6. I usually write one or two letters a month.
7. That week my working day lasted ten hours.
8. Last year we didn't study Spanish.
9. After classes he stopped in the yard to talk to a friend.
10. They spoke about the test.
The Past Continuous Tense
111. Put the verbs in brackets into the past continuous tense.
1 Detective: I'm afraid I must ask you both what you (do) yesterday at 10.20 p.m.
Mr X: I (play) chess with my wife.
Mr Y: I (listen) to a play on the radio.
2 The children were frightened because it (get) dark.
3 It was a fine day and the roads were crowded because a lot of people (rush) to the
seaside.
4 The airplane in which the football team (travel) crashed soon after taking off.
5 He usually wears sandals but when I last saw him he (wear) boots.
6 The house was in great disorder because he (redecorate) it.
7 The director didn't allow the actors to travel by air while they (work) on the film.
8 The car had nobody in it but the engine (run).
9 Two children (play) on the sand and two fishermen (lean) against an upturned boat.
10 I was alone in the house at that time because Mr Jones (work) in the garage and
Mrs Jones (shop).
11 He said that he was the captain of a ship which (sail) that night for Marseilles.
12 Are you going to Rome? I thought that you (go) to Milan.
13 My wife and I (talk) about you the other day.
14 When I first met him he (study) painting.
15 There was a strong smell and the sound of frying. Obviously Mrs Jones (cook)
fish.
16 Tom ate nothing for lunch because he (diet). He said that he (try) to lose 10 kilos.
17 Who you (talk) to on the telephone as I came in?
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I (talk) to Mr Pitt.
18 As she (climb) the ladder it slipped sideways and she fell off it.
19 When I first met him he (work) in a restaurant.
20 He watched the children for a moment. Some of them (bathe) in the sea, others
(look) for shells, others (play) in the sand.
21 Where he (live) when you saw him last?
22 She (stand) at the bus stop. I asked her what bus she (wait) for.
23 From the sounds it was clear that Mary (practise) the piano.
24 There had been an accident and men (carry) the injured people to an ambulance.
25 Two men (fight) at a street comer and a policeman (try) to stop them. ~
What they (fight) about? ~
Nobody seemed to know.
26 Tom (sit) in a corner with a book. I told him that he (read) in very bad light.
27 I went into the garden to see what the boys (do). James (weed) and Alexander
(cut) the grass.
28 They had taken off the wheel of the car and (mend) the puncture. I asked when it
would be ready.
29 When I arrived at the meeting the first speaker had just finished speaking and the
audience (clap),
30 The traffic (make) so much noise that I couldn't hear what he (say).
31 While he (learn) to drive he had twenty-five accidents.
32 He had a bad fall while he (repair) his roof.
33 He was a little mad. He always (try) to prove that the earth was flat.
34 While we (fish) someone came to the house and left this note.
35 The exam had just begun and the candidates (write) their names at the top of their
papers.
36 Just as I (wonder) what to do next, the phone rang.
112. Сделайте следующие предложения вопросительными и
отрицательными.
1. The doctor was rubbing his hands.
2. The girl was standing by the gate.
3. At ten o'clock it was raining heavily.
4. At that time they were sitting at supper.
5. She was pouring out tea at the moment.
6. The old man was dozing in his chair.
7. Poirot was lying as I lelt him.
8. We were having certain difficulty finding a compromise.
9. He was just talking to lieutenant Carter.
10. The big dog was suffering from some skin trouble.
113. Поставьте вопросы ко всем членам предложения.
1. My friend was standing in front of the closed door.
2. The men were moving away from her house.
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3. He was still holding my hand.
4. Mr. Crump was staring owlishly into the darkness.
5. The man was looking at her sympathetically.
6.1 was standing by him when he telephoned.
7. He was still standing in the middle of the room.
8. She was drawing something in her exercise-book.
114. Объясните употребление форм Past Continuous. Переведите
предложения на русский язык.
(A) 1. It was five minutes past six, but the bell was still ringing. 2. Bobby
could not see him clearly, for it was now growing dark. 3. When she came to herself
she was lying on the floor. 4. He was lighting a cigarette when Jane returned. 5. He
was still thinking the question over when the telephone rang. 6. I looked at he sun; if
was dropping fast behind the roofs. 7. The lad did not answer. He was looking at the
door which was opening slowly. 8. "You didn't believe I was speaking the truth just
now", he began. 9. He grinned in spite of the fact that his teeth were clattering in the
cold. 10. He tried to get up but his leg was still hurting him badly.
(B) 1. The storms were raging there all the winter. 2. In London he was
mostly visiting art galleries. 3. On the way home he was singing merrily. 4.
Meanwhile they were talking in careful whispers. 5. As it happened, she was
walking with me on the terrace that morning. 6. A friend of mine was down here the
other day. He was looking for a house. 7. When I was preparing for the entrance
examination last autumn, I got to know a good many of the students. 8. So, while
Jennings was looking for his friend, Mr. Wilkins was looking for Jennings. 9. He
was asking me about life in South America, and I was telling him how I came to get
my left arm spoiled.
(C) 1. Dill was now always going with Jem. 2. This sort of thing was always
happening in those days. 3. His fair eyebrows stood bushy over light-blue eyes that
were always flashing with cold fire. 4. But he was never able to look after his
flowers at all, for his friend the Miller was always coming round and sending him
off on long errands. 5. The cat was one of my regular patients. Her master was
always bringing her to the surgery. 6. I was too lame to be quick; and I couldn't
manage the heavy loads. And then I was always getting these attacks of
inflammation.
(D) 1. I say, I was just thinking if you could spare me some minutes?
The Simple Past and The Past Continuous
115. Put the verbs in brackets into the simple past or the past continuous tense.
1. I lit the fire at 6.00 and it (bum) brightly when Tom came in at 7.00.
2. When I arrived the lecture had already started and the professor (write) on the
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overhead projector.
3. I (make) a cake when the light went out. I had to finish it in the dark.
4. I didn't want to meet Paul so when he entered the room I (leave).
5. Unfortunately when I arrived Ann just (leave), so we only had time for a few
words.
6. He (watch) TV when the phone rang. Very unwillingly he (turn) down the sound
and (go) to answer it.
7. He was very polite. Whenever his wife entered the room he (stand) up.
8. The admiral (play) bowls when he received news of the invasion. He (insist) on
finishing the game.
9. My dog (walk) along quietly when Mr Pitt's Pekinese attacked him.
10. When I arrived she (have) lunch. She apologized for starting without me but said
that she always (lunch) at 12.30.
11. He always (wear) a raincoat and (carry) an umbrella when he walked to the
office.
12. What you (think) of his last book? ~
I (like) it very much.
13. I (share) a flat with him when we were students. He always (complain) about my
untidiness.
14. He suddenly (realize) that he (travel) in the wrong direction.
15. He (play) the guitar outside her house when someone opened the window and
(throw) out a bucket of water.
16. I just (open) the letter when the wind (blow) it out of my hand.
17. The burglar (open) the safe when he (hear) footsteps. He immediately (put) out
his torch and (crawl) under the bed.
18. When I (look) for my passport I (find) this old photograph.
19. You looked very busy when I (see) you last night. What you (do)?
20. The boys (play) cards when they (hear) their father's step. They immediately
(hide)
the cards and (take) out their lesson books.
21. He (clean) his gun when it accidentally (go) off and (kill) him.
22. He (not allow) us to go out in the boat yesterday as a strong wind (blow).
23. As I (cross) the road I (step) on a banana skin and (fall) heavily.
24. I still (lie) on the road when I (see) a lorry approaching.
25. Luckily the driver (see) me and (stop) the lorry in time.
26. How you (damage) your car so badly? ~
I (run) into a lamp-post yesterday. ~
I suppose you (drive) too quickly or were not looking where you (go).
27. As he (get) into the bus it (start) suddenly and he (fall) backwards on to the road.
28. I (call) Paul at 7.00 but it wasn't necessary because he already (get) up.
29. When he (mend) the fuse he (get) a very bad shock.
30. When I (hear) his knock I (go) to the door and (open) it, but I (not recognize) him
at first because I (not wear) my glasses.
31 When I came in they (sit) round the fire. Mr Pitt (do) a crossword puzzle, Mrs Pitt
(knit), the others (read). Mrs Pitt (smile) at me and (say), 'Come and sit down.'
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32 While the guests (dance) thieves (break) into the house and (steal) a lot of fur
coats.
33 The next day, as they (know) that the police (look) for them, they (hide) the coats
in
a wood and (go) off in different directions.
34 She was very extravagant. She always (buy) herself new clothes.
35 Her mother often (tell) her that she (spend) too much money but she never (listen).
36 Whenever the drummer (begin) practising, the people in the next flat (bang) on
the wall.
116. Заполните пропуски формами Past Continuous или Past Simple
глаголов в скобках.
1. Не ... down beside him and ... his examination. Then he ... at Bobby, who ...
there, and slowly ... his head, (to kneel, to complete, to look up, to stand, to shake) 2.
In another minute Bobby ... up the tree. All ... well and he ... his hand to take a grip of
the window ledge when a crack ... from the branch he ... on. (to swarm, to go, just to
stretch outi to come, to be) 3. "Yes," ... Henry. He ... violently. Suddenly he ... and ...
the room, (to say, to shake, to turn, to leave) 4. His brother, who ... in the big chair, ...
to his remark. (to sit, not to pay attention) 5. He ... behind the doctor and ... the
startled expression that ... into the doctor's eyes, (to stand, not to see, to spring) 6. Go
on with what you ... us. (to tell) 7. He ... his pincenez and ... them, a sign with him
that he ... deeply, (to take off, to polish, to think) 8. Great heavens! May I ask what
you ... in my drawing-room? (to do) 9. He ... a suspicious man. Always convinced the
servants ... him. (to be, to rob) 10. Carter... his receiver back on its hook, ... his
fingers at the back of his heck, ... back and ... at the ceiling, Maybe, he ...
unnecessarily? (to drop, to lace, to lean, to stare, to worry) 11. "So far as you know
he ... nothing on his mind?" "Oh, I'm sure he ... He ... to his trip." (to have, not to
have, to look forward) 12. At the same moment a woman's figure ... round the corner
of the house. She ... very softly, (to turn, to tread) 13. We ... inside. A grammophone
... and some girls ... to the music. A few lads ... about while two others ... billiard on a
miniature table in the corner, (to go, to play, to foxtrot, to lounge, to play) 14. We ...
and ... Somebody ... toward us. (to stop, to listen, to run) 15.When he-... himself, he
... on the grass and his friend ... over him. (to recover, to lie, to bend) 16. I'm a
doctor. I ... in my car and ... the accident, (to pass, to see) 17. It ... long past my
bedtime and I ... tired, (to be, to grow) 18. I ... as quick as I could but I had the
feeling as always - when I ... something for him or ... under his eyes - that I ... nearly
fast enough, (to be, to write, to operate, not to go) 19. In the dining-hall he ... the
Headmaster who ... to a man and a small boy. (to see, to talk) 20. As a matter of fact I
... Is everything all right? (just to wonder)
117. Переведите предложения на английский язык.
1. (а) Она разлила чай и пригласила всех к столу, (б) Она разливала чай,
когда в гостиную вошел отец.
2. (а) Она разрезала пирог и дала большой кусок гостье, (б) Она
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разрезала пирог, когда пришли гости.
3. (а) В это время она писала письмо, (б) В то время она писала много
писем своим друзьям.
4. (а) Это случилось, когда умер ее отец, (б) Это случилось, когда умирал
ее отец.
5. (а) Когда мы подошли к дому, было уже темно, (б) Когда мы подошли
к дому, уже темнело, (в) Когда мы подходили к дому, было уже темно, (г)
Когда мы подходили к дому, уже темнело.
6. (а) В то время он часто ходил в театр, (б) Он шел в театр, когда на
улице что-то случилось.
7. (а) Она сидела рядом со мной и все время что-то говорила, (б) Она
сидела рядом со мной и вдруг сказала: "Почему ты так много куришь?"
8. (а) Мать накрыла стол скатертью, достала чашки, разрезала пирог, (б)
В гостиной было весело: мать накрывала стол скатертью, Китти доставала
чашки, Джейн резала пирог.
9. (а) Я стоял у окна и смотрел на улицу. Шел снег, дул холодный ветер,
(б) Я стоял у окна и смотрел на улицу, как вдруг пошел снег и подул холодный
ветер.
10. (а) Я смотрел новую программу по телевизору, когда зазвонил
телефон, (б) Я смотрел по телевизору новую программу, а телефон в соседней
комнате все звонил и звонил.
11. (а) В это время мы подошли к станции, (б) В это время мы подходили
к станции.
12. (а) Вчера с десяти до часу он принимал посетителей, (б) Вчера с
десяти до часу он принял около двенадцати посетителей.
13. (а) Когда Мери вошла на кухню, чайник уже кипел, (б) Когда Мери
вошла на кухню, чайник закипел, (в) Когда Мери входила на кухню, чайник
уже кипел, (г) Когда Мери входила на кухню, чайник закипел.
118. Определите, какие из выделенных форм выражают длительные
действия. Назовите эти формы. Скажите, в какой части предложений
(главной или придаточной) они употреблены. Переведите предложения на
русский язык.
(A) 1. She was travelling when she met Savage. 2. We were taking a short
cut across the square when four cars came in view. 3. The day was just breaking as
we landed. 4. Lieutenant Carter was sitting at his desk as they walked in.
(B) 1. That morning when I talked to him about my plans he was listening
with mild attention. 2. While he spoke I was stripping off my jacket. 3. As I drove
down towards the village I was looking at a living breathing piece of England. 4. He
was turning these things in his mind as he walked about the room.
(C) 1. When Jen was coming to her room she was talking to Mr. Wilkins.
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2. Whilst these thoughts were passing through his head, Craddock was asking
various unimportant questions. 3. Something like two months went by before I had a
chance to talk to her again, she was passing by the surgery as I was coming down
the steps.
(D) 1. When they found I was not dead, somebody called in the doctor. 2.
As the bell rang the third time, the girls moved into four groups around four tables,
and the teachers came into the room.
(E) 1. One afternoon when we went home, Jem suddenly said: "There is
something I didn't tell you.". 2. One morning while I passed by, something caught
my eyes. 3. The whole thing came to me in a flash as we stood at the door just now.
4. As I listened to the slow strong thudding of the heart, the dog again put his paw
on my hand.
(F) 1. We walked home in silence when I suddenly heard a cry. 2. I smoked
peacefully in my chair when the door opened. 3. They talked on the lawn when the
boy appeared on the road. 4. I listened to him attentively when Henry called him.
(G) 1. I waited in silence while he stared at the bottle. 2. While he looked
at the letter she watched his face. 3. High above the branches creaked as they
swayed in the wind. 4. As I wandered round I watched him.
(H) 1. He told me about it one night when I was sitting up with him. 2.
When we were walking he told me everything. 3. Suddenly, while the doctor was
giving me some experience of practice on the front, he sprang to his feet with a cry.
(J) 1. When he was listening to me he looked me full in the face. 2. While I
was painting it, Dorian Grey sat beside me. 3. As long as they were talking to him,
he was not alone with his thoughts.
119. Заполните пропуски формами Past Continuous или Past Simple
глаголов в скобках. Объясните ваш выбор.
1. When she ... the room, a very tall old man ... on the rug. (to enter, to stand)
2. When she ... in, he ... up. (to come, to stand) 3. When they ... downstairs again, the
others ... in a group, (to come, to stand) 4. I ... her first at the pictures one Saturday
when it ... (to meet, to rain) 5. He ... about it later when they ... down the village, (to
say, to walk) 6. I ... to run my hand over the head and ears of the dog while I ... for a
moment, (to continue, to think) 7. I ... spellbound while Mr. Crump ... endless
samples of his craft in front of me. (to sit, to push) 8. Which of them ... the chance to
put it into the pot while she ... ? (to have, to cook) 9. He went to Tom Robinson and
whispered something to him. He ... his hand on Tom's shoulder as he ... (to put, to
whisper) 10. We went back along the passage and as I ... him into the sitting-room
Tristan ... from his favorite chair and ... (to follow, to get up, to yawn) 11. He ... in
silence as I... the injection, (to watch, to give) 12. As he ... at us from under his
shaggy brows he ... like something from the jungle. (to stare, to look) 13. Everything
gradually ... as we ... there, (to slow down, to sit)
120. Закончите следующие предложения так, чтобы в концовках
сказуемое было в Past Continuous.
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1. When I met her she ... 2. When we entered the dining-room Mrs. Brown ...
3. When she looked up at him he ... 4. He did not see that she ... 5. He came over to
the door and looked in. The children ... 6. He went up to town to meet a friend who ...
7. The girl felt she ... 8. But, child, I ... 9. A moment or two later he ... 10. Yes, I
wrote to tell him I ... 11. The room was large and well-lighted. Two girls ... 12. At
that moment Amelia ... 13. I can't tell you what I ... 14. I looked in. The people ... 15.
Then he realized he ... 16. I looked at her. She turned away. I thought she ... 17. At
times I fancied she ... 18. He could not believe she ... 19. He got up and walked
across to the window. It ... 20. She walked down to where the two men ... 21. He said
he could not see anything from where he ... 22. They went over to where the other
men ... 23. They did not see the man who ... 24. Five minutes later they ... 25. We
waited while the girls ...
121. Объясните употребление форм Past Continuous и Past Simple в
следующих парах предложений. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. (а) Не stood and listened. Somebody was coming from the opposite side of
the street, (b) When they came downstairs again, the others were standing in a
group.
2. (a) He said about it later when they were walking down the village, (b) He
walked up and down the room. I did not look at him.
3. (a) You really think the girl did it? (b) I was just thinking it was going to
be no good.
4. (a) He began to read, while the officers sat silently watching him. (b)
Inspector was sitting in a corner of the lobby leafing through the pages of the
evening paper.
5. (a) Doctor was talking about life in the country, (b) He talked to himself as
he strode along the street.
6. (a) When he came into her sitting-room she was standing before a mirror,
(b) For nearly ten minutes he stood there, motionless, with parted lips.
7. (a) Then he realized he was speaking to an empty room, (b) They sat round
the big table and spoke to the boy trying to find out all about him.
8. (a) Smoke was rolling over our house and Miss Rachel's and men were
pulling the fire truck toward them, (b) He looked up again. The black smoke still
rolled over the trees.
9. (a) While he spoke I watched him closely, (b) The company did not speak,
they were watching the stranger staggering down the street.
10. (a) Weren't you living somewhere down in the South of France when Max
met you? (b) I lived there all my life.
11. (a) I met her first at the pictures one Saturday afternoon when it was
raining, (b) It rained all day long yesterday.
12. (a) Dorian Grey listened, open-eyed and wondering, (b) I don't know what
you mean, I wasn't listening.
122. Найдите формы Past Continuous и объясните их употребление.
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1. I was seeing them home when I realized that something was wrong. 2. I just
wondered what he was thinking about at the moment. 3. He and the inspector sat
down. He was having difficulty to mask his curiosity. 4. The doctor's manner was
having its effect upon Jack. 5. He was out he was having a day in the City. 6. But she
was not feeling very hopeful. 7. Was he only one of many who were feeling that
way? 8. I was hoping to see all of you that night. 9. You were again forgetting
yourself. 10. She was thinking of what the world was forgetting those days, the
difference between what was right and what was wrong. 11. But I could not imagine
the scene when I was not seeing it. 12. But I was not just being polite, I wanted very
much to have a talk with you. 13. You were being kind, that goes without saying. But
why? 14. I was being as quick as I could, but I had the feeling that I wasn't quick
enough. 15. Weren’t you being a bit cruel to them?
123. сделайте упражнение по образцу.
A: John's reading The Times
B: No, he isn't. He's reading the Telegraph.
A: Tom was waiting for a bus.
B: No, he wasn't. He was waiting for a taxi.
The student must disagree with the first remark and repeat it with
another suitable noun.
Remember that the first auxiliary isn't, wasn't etc. will be strongly stressed
but the second one will carry the normal weak stress.
1. She's buying bananas.
2. They're going to Rome.
3. He was eating fish and chips.
4. She's ordering chops.
5. They were living in England.
6. He's writing a novel.
7. They're drinking gin.
8. He's playing the trumpet.
9. She's dancing with Jack.
10.She's working for a stockbroker.
11.He was working beside Ann.
12.She's smoking a cigarette.
13.They're speaking Italian.
14.She's complaining about the food.
15.They were listening to the news.
16.They're coming back on Monday.
17.They're arriving at six.
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18.She was picking apples.
19.He was looking for his sister.
20.She was lying on the floor.
124. Переведите предложения на английский язык, употребляя
глаголы в формах Past Continuous или Past Simple. Где возможно, давайте
по два варианта, объясняя специфику каждого.
1. Я вышел на улицу. Светило солнце и дул легкий ветерок.
2. Все были заняты: отец читал газету, мать накрывала на стол, дети
делали уроки.
3. Что вы делали вчера в девять часов?
4. Он говорил очень медленно и ни на кого не глядел.
5. Что ты сейчас читал?
6. Три комнаты были пусты, в четвертой кто-то лежал на кровати.
7. Том оглянулся; какие-то люди выходили из дома напротив.
8. Тем временем машина быстро двигалась в сторону города.
9. Я вышел на улицу. Ребята уже ждали меня.
10. Я неплохой водитель, но в тот день я вел очень старую машину.
11. Когда он наконец сел и взял свою чашку, его рука так дрожала, что
он расплескал кофе.
12. А я думал, что она плачет.
13. Мы оглянулись. Ребята сидели на траве. Они играли со щенком.
14. Я старался не показать, как я испуган.
15. Доктор стоял в дверях, когда услышал, что больной снова зовет его.
16. На следующее утро он уезжал на восток.
17. Она уже надевала пальто, как вдруг зазвонил телефон.
18. Когда он снова заговорил, его голос звучал устало.
19. Он стоял у окна своего офиса, глядя на город внизу.
20. Пока преподаватель говорил, все молчали.
21. Она сидела в мягком кресле и смотрела телешоу.
22. Парень вел машину быстро и не слушал, о чем говорили его
спутники.
23. Семья брата должна была приехать еще вчера, но их что-то
задержало.
24. Когда Джек шел в тот вечер домой, он встретил своего старого
приятеля.
25. Я подождала несколько минут, пока ребята приводили в порядок
комнату.
26. Мальчик так надеялся, что отец наконец подарит ему компьютер.
27. Слава Богу, теперь все в порядке, но у меня были большие трудности
с получением визы.
28. Весь вечер он чувствовал себя неважно.
29. Почему ты так глупо вел себя в тот вечер?
30. Теперь он начинал понимать, в чем было дело.
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31. В тех местах постоянно шли проливные дожди.
32. С парнем постоянно случалось что-нибудь неожиданное.
33. У нее был скверный характер, она все время ссорилась с подругами.
Упр. 125. Объясните употребление форм Past Continuous. Переведите
предложения на русский язык.
(А) 1. Jennie never told them she was not coming back. 2. I didn't know this
job was coming my way. 3. Oh, I thought you were never coming. 4. I ordered
dinner for you 11 my place, as you wrote you were coming this evening. 5. You
must go and see father. He knows you were coming today. 6. I did not know you
were leaving so soon. 7. She said she was coming next Thursday. 8. You see, I
promised to keep her company as long as she was exploring that horrid place. 9. He
asked the boy to keep watch while he was changing. 10. He said I only must wait
patiently while he was inquiring into the matter.
(В) 1. If I'm not mistaken, you were coming to town last Tuesday? 2. You see,
she was arriving two days ago, but they met with some kind of accident on the way.
3. I was going there too, but then changed my mind. 4. They were arriving at the
place a week ago, but didn't. At least nobody has seen them yet.
126. Tenses: present simple and continuous, past continuous
This is an exercise for three students. We shall call them Jack, Tom and Mary.
Jack rings Tom at 5 a.m. and we hear the first part of this conversation.
Later, say at 10 a.m., Jack mentions his call to Mary.
A:
(prompt only) Polish my shoes.
JACK: Hello Tom! Are you in bed?
TOM: No. I'm polishing my shoes.
JACK: Do you always polish your shoes at 5 a.m.?
(later)
JACK: I rang Tom at 5 this morning.
MARY: Poor Tom. Was he in bed?
JACK: No. He was polishing his shoes.
MARY: What funny time to polish shoes!
1. Tune the piano.
2. Cook breakfast.
3. Listen to the radio.
4. Take photographs.
5. Paint the ceiling.
6. Write poetry.
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7. Practise the piano.
8. Do exercises.
9. Play cards.
10.Brush the dog.
11.Clean the windows.
12.Do my accounts. (Use your in the answer.)
13.Sew in my buttons. (Use your in the answer.)
14.Plan my next holiday. (Use your in the answer.)
15.Make jam.
16.Bake a cake.
17.Clean my room. (Use your in the answer.)
18.Peel potatoes.
19.Do a crossword puzzle. (Use puzzles in the answer.)
20.Repair my motorbike. (Use your in the answer.)
127. Tenses: negatives of the simple present, present continuous
and simple past
A: Do you finish at six?
B: No, we don't finish till seven.
A: Did she get home on Monday?
B: No, she didn't get home till Tuesday.
A: Are you starting in July?
B: No, we aren't starting till August.
The time in the response should be an hour later or a day later
or a week or a month later as appropriate.
1. Did you start at eight?
2. Did you arrive on the third?
3. Does the lesson begin at nine?
4. Do the shops shut at five?
5. Does he get up at seven?
6. Are you going on Wednesday?
7. Did he call you at six?
8. Is he leaving on Friday?
9. Did he pay you at the end of the first week?
10.Did he get there on the twenty-fourth?
11.Are they coming in July?
12.Do you expect to be ready by April?
13.Is the play being produced in May?
14.Does the post come at eight?
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15.Are you starting your new job this week?
16.Are you seeing the solicitor on Thursday?
17.Did they report it on the first?
18.Was he arrested that day?
19.Did they operate on the fourth?
20.Are they releasing him today?
128.
The Present Perfect Tense (Настоящее Перфектное Время)
To have + P II
 He has just gone out.
I have just washed that floor.
Would you like some coffee? I
have just made one.
 I have read the instructions but I
don’t understand them.
Have you had breakfast? – No, I
haven’t had it yet.
Tom has had a bad car crash.
The lift has broken down.
I’ve washed the car.
He hasn’t come yet.
The Present Perfect для действий:
завершенных недавно (часто с just).
Как правило, действие завершено.
произошедших недавно или давно.
Очень важно! Не указывать место и
время совершения действия. Имеет
значение только то, что действие
было в прошлом без указания где и
когда.
I have seen wolves in that forest.
John Smith has written a number
of short stories.
3. Tom has rung up three times
this morning already.
Have you seen him today?
There have been some changes
lately/recently.
He’s had a bad luck
lately/recently.
Since my accident I have written
with my left hand.
He has been in the army for two
Years.
We have waited all day.
He has lived here all his life.
начавшихся в прошлом и
продолжающихся до настоящего
момента. Это может быть ряд
единичных действий (часто
указывается весь период действия)
или непрерывное действие/состояние
(часто с такими словами как for,
lately/recently).
Для указания начала действия в
прошлом используется since
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Важно! Действие, выраженное глаголом в форме Present Perfect, всегда связано
с моментом говорения (действие произошло в любой момент до момента
разговора или мы наблюдаем результат).
I have read the instructions but I don’t understand them (прочтение инструкций
могло произойти в любой момент до момента разговора. Важен сам факт
прочтения).
Tom has had a bad car crash (вероятно, Том все еще в больнице).
The lift has broken down (лифт все еще не работает, и нам придется идти
пешком).
I have seen wolves in that forest (вы еще можете увидеть этих животных в лесу)
129. Put the verbs in brackets into the present perfect tense, and fill the spaces
by repeating the auxiliary.
1. Where you (be)? ~
I (be) to the dentist.
2 .You (have) breakfast? ~
Yes, 1...
3.The post (come)? ~
Yes, it . . .
4 .You (see) my watch anywhere? ~
No, I'm afraid I . . .
5. Someone (wind) the clock? ~
Yes, Tom . . .
6. I (not finish) my letter yet.
7. He just (go) out.
8. Someone (take) my bicycle.
9. The phone (stop) ringing.
10. You (hear) from her lately? No, 1...
11. I just (wash) that floor.
12. The cat (steal) the fish.
13. You (explain) the exercise? ~
Yes, 1...
14. There aren't any buses because the drivers (go) on strike.
15. You (have) enough to eat? ~
Yes, I (have) plenty, thank you.
16. Charles (pass) his exam? ~
Yes, he...
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17. How many bottles the milkman (leave)? ~
He (leave) six.
18. I (live) here for ten years.
19. How long you (know) Mr Pitt? ~
I (know) him for ten years.
20. Would you like some coffee? I just (make) some.
21. Mary (water) the tomatoes? ~
Yes, I think she . . .
22. You (not make) a mistake? ~
No, I'm sure I . . .
23. Why you (not mend) the fuse? ~
I (not have) time.
24. You (dive) from the ten-meter board yet? ~
No, I...
25. You ever (leave) a restaurant without paying the bill? ~
No, I...
26. I (ask) him to dinner several times.
27. He always (refuse).
28. You ever (ride) a camel?
29. I (buy) a new carpet. Come and look at it.
30. He (post) the letter?
31. Why he (not finish)? He (have) plenty of time.
32. I often (see) him but I never (speak) to him.
33. You ever (eat) caviar? ~
No, 1...
34. We just (hear) the most extraordinary news.
35. The police (recapture) the prisoners who escaped yesterday.
36. I (not pay) the telephone bill yet.
37.I don’t know this man. (meet)
38.Let’s go to the cinema. Peace and War is on. (see)
39.Where is Nick. (go out)
40.Don’t you know what the story is about? (not read)
41.Don’t worry about the letter. (post)
42.I know N very well. (be)
43.I can’t find my bag. (take)
44.Where is my key? (put)
45.Do you speak Greek? (study)
46.Do you know where he lives? (move)
130
1. Do you know her? She has just come from Italy.
Your sister has just told me everything.
My dear fellow, I have just remembered who she is.
If what you have just said is true, you are a complete fool.
You can’t see her, she has just gone out.
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I have just discovered a dead body in the Long Barn.
He’s just called me up to say he doesn’t object to my proposal.
I’m a busy man now. I’ve just taken on a big job
What are you waiting for? Your bus has just passed.
I’ve only just met your friend.
2. Thank you very much. You’ve done me a great service.
I’m sorry but I don’t understand – what has happened?
I think you can guess what I’ve come to see you about.
Stop, stop! I haven’t done anything wrong.
What the devil are you doing? Have you gone crazy?
Don’t worry he hasn’t gone far.
I’ve come to say good-bye, Dickey.
I can’t do it. I’ve promised not to tell anybody.
I’m very sorry about what has happened.
Is he back? What has he found?
3. I’ve already seen him. He is as obstinate as ever.
“What is it all about?” “I’ve already told you”.
Poor soul, she has already seen more than enough.
I can’t follow that order, I’ve already lost five men.
Don’t worry about his words, I’ve forgotten them already.
You’ve already heard of the tragic end of his wife.
4. You can catch up with him, he hasn’t gone far yet.
Oh, you haven’t shown me your room yet.
You see, I haven’t found a suitable place yet, so we must wait.
It’s very early, I don’t think the train has arrived yet.
I don’t think he has settled his affairs yet.
Have you seen the doctor yet?
Has the car come back yet?
Have you spoken to Father yet?
Can we begin? Have the family all gathered yet?
Have you told the police about your discovery yet?
5. The book is wonderful. It’s the best thing he has ever written.
I think Edward is the best man I’ve ever known.
This is something quite different from what you’ve ever done.
I cannot believe it Have you ever heard anything so crazy?
Have you ever spoken to my cousin?
Do you really think I’m stupid? Haven’t you ever thought anything else of me?
James is the best navigator I’ve ever come across.
Robert says the boy is the best secretary he has ever had.
6. I’ve never heard about his first marriage.
You’re wrong, I’ve never done anything of the kind.
I’m proud of your friendship; I’ve never had such a friend as you.
“Her name is Sibil Vane.” “I’ve never heard of her.”
Have you never been able to forget her?
I really mean I’ve seen you before.
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I’ve told you before I can’t marry you.
Why haven’t you told me all before?
I can’t say anything; I have never seen any of them before.
Your face seems familiar to me. I think we have met before.
7. I don’t know how they are getting on. I haven’t seen them of late.
How do you do? You have quite neglected me lately.
Don’t you know why she has been in low spirits lately?
He has several times recently proved that he is no coward.
I know the place, I’ve been there again recently.
How is he? Haven’t you met him of late?
He has recently married a Miss Axton.
God knows what they have been up to recently, I feel a bit uneasy.
8. It’s the first time I’ve heard her voice.
Don’t be too hard on the fellow, it’s the first time he has done such a thing.
It’s the third time I’ve got pneumonia.
I believe it’s the first English country house you have stayed at.
This is the first time he has ever been off work.
131. Выберите подходящие по смыслу наречия и заполните ими пропуски.
Already, before, ever, just, lately, never, recently, yet.
1. He’s a hunter. He has … done anything else.
2. No man has been to Mars …
3. I don’t know him? I doubt if I have seen him …
4. Have you been to the show …?
5. Do you know how they are getting on? Have you seen them …?
6. Have you … been to Paris?
7. Look here? Who has … called?
8. “What’s the matter, why are they all quarrelling?” “I’ve … told you.”
9. “Is Jenny at home?” “She is, she has … come in.”
10.He’s the kindest man I’ve … known.
1. to give a nice present
to offer a good job
to tell about his failure
to decide to get married
to read a lot
to write all these letters
to become real friends
to decide to become an actress
to leave
to do the job
to finish the letter
to speak to the dean
to hear an amusing story
to explain everything
to read chapter 5
to post the letter
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to get tired
to realize that he’s wrong
to go to the theatre
2. to come to the place
to read his short stories
to see your friend
to tell you about it
to be married
to help them
to lend him money
to tell a lie
to try to do the job
to be so happy
3. to begin studying French
to stay in this hotel
to meet the Roberts
to be to New York
to send us two letters
to approach me on the subject
to do a great deal for them
to come across them several times
4. to be to Australia
to quarrel with her husband
to keep a parrot
to have such a good time
to get an answer
to make peace with his son
to settle everything
to get the job
5. to see the film
to finish the book
to help them with their work
to win two prizes
to walk the dog
to leave town
to have lunch
to have a swim
to be to LONDON
to sell his car
to ruin one’s health
to get the journal
6. to open the window
to have a smoke
to wash up
to come back
to master English
to meet these people
to move to a new flat
to change your opinion
to stop them
132. (a) Fill the spaces by repeating the auxiliary used in the question, putting it
into the negative where necessary.
(b) Put the verb in brackets into the present perfect or the simple past tense.
Have you seen that play?
1 Have you wound the clock?
2 Have you ever eaten snails?
3 Has she fed the dog?
4 Have they repaired the road?
(a) Yes, I . . .
Yes, I have.
(b) Yes, I (be) there last night.
Yes, I was there last night.
(a) Yes, I . . .
(b) Yes, I (wind) it on Monday
(a) No, I . . .
(b) Yes, I (eat) some at Tom's party last week.
(a) Yes, I think she . . .
(b) Yes, she (feed) him before lunch.
(a) No, they . . .
(b) They only (repair) part of it so far.
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5 Have they done their homework?
(a) Yes, they (do) it all.
(b) Yes, they (do) it before they left school.
6 Have you found the matches?
(a) No, I . . .
(b) No, I (not find) them yet.
7 Have you made the coffee?
(a) Yes, I ...
(b) I (make) some yesterday: we can use that.
8 Have you been here before?
(a) No, I ...
(b) Yes, I (be) here several times.
9 Have you seen him lately?
(a) No, I . . .
(b) No, I (not see) him since Christmas.
10 Have you been to the opera this
(a) Yes, I . . .
week?
(b) Yes, I (go) to Faust on Friday.
11 Have you ever driven this car?
(a) Yes, I (drive) it once or twice.
(b) Yes, I (drive) it when you were away.
12 Has he missed his train?
(a) No, he ....
(b) Yes, he . . . It (go) five minutes ago.
13 Have they been through
Customs?
(a) Yes, they . . .
(b) Yes, their luggage (be) examined at Dover.
14 Has he spoken to her?
(a) Yes, he . . .
(b) Yes, he (speak) to her on Friday.
15 Have you spent all your money?
(a) No, I only (spend) half of it.
(b) Yes, 1...
16 How much have you saved
(a) I (not save) anything.
since Christmas?
(b) I (save) Ј3.
17 Has his temperature gone down?
(a) No, it . . .
(b) Yes, it (go) down last night.
18 Have you seen his garden?
(a) No, I (not see) it yet.
(b) I (see) the house on Monday but I (not see)
the garden.
19 Have you paid the bill?
(a) Yes, I...
(b) Yes, I (pay) it while you were away.
20 Have you ever flown a plane?
(a) No, I . . .
(b) Yes, I (fly) when I was at university.
21 Has your dog ever bitten anyone? (a) Yes, he (bite) a policeman
last week.
(b) Yes, he (bite) me twice.
22 Have you planted your peas?
(a) Yes, I (plant) them on
Tuesday.
(b) No, 1... yet.
23 Has he written to the paper?
(a) Yes, he . . .
(b) Yes, he (write) at once.
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24 Have you ever drunk vodka?
(a) No, 1...
(b) I (drink) it once in Russia, but I (not
. drink) it since
133. Present Perfect and Present Simple
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














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Рад вас видеть! Я так много о вас слышала от отца.
Я закончила работу. Взгляните на нее, пожалуйста.
«Вы читали сегодняшние газеты?» - «Конечно!»
«Вы принесли мне еще книгу?» - «Нет, я пришел за вашим советом».
Я еще не говорил с Джоном об этом. Я не видел его со вчерашнего дня.
«Навещал ли вас Боб за последние дни?» - «Да, он приходил сегодня
днем».
Я уже написал письмо.
Вот мой дом. Тут я живу. Мы живем здесь уже около десяти лет.
Моя сестра учится играть на пианино. Она учится уже два года и теперь
играет вполне хорошо.
Почему ты делаешь так много ошибок? Вот эту ошибку ты делаешь уже
второй раз.
Мой брат работает на этом заводе. Он работает на этом заводе с 1995
года.
Ты хорошо знаешь Н? – Конечно. Я знаю ее всю жизнь.
Ты часто звонишь родителям? – Сегодня я звоню первый раз.
По-моему ты слишком много куришь. – Не говори так. Я не курю уже
больше месяца.
Ты неважно выглядишь, ты нездоров? – Да, я болен уже несколько дней.
Мой сын ходит в школу уже два года. Ему нравится школа. Он уходит в
восемь часов и возвращается около часа.
Н очень хорошо поет. – Да, за последнее время она сделала большие
успехи. На этой неделе она принимала участие в двух концертах.
134. Заполните пропуски формами Present Perfect Simple, Present Simple
или Present Continuous глаголов на полях.
1. The lecture … at nine.
You see, we’re late, the meeting … already …
For both of us a new life …
Now I … to understand.
2. Where …you …, my boy?
I see the others … than me.
Ann … not … since last month.
He … very hard, he can not fail.
3. Why, there’s Peg; she … apples.
To begin
To work
To pick up
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I … all the roses here.
Every morning they … me … on the way to the office.
You may go and play when you … all the apples.
4. Then silence sets in. He … and passes out.
To bow
Take off your cap, boy. They … to you.
“Don’t you see you uncle?” “I do. I … already … to him.
5. Well, sir! What … you … here?
To do
It’s not my fault. I … nothing.
And what … you … in the City?
6. I always … for her at that corner.
to wait
“Can I be of any help to you?” “Thank you, I … for Mr. N.
And now I’m leaving, I … long enough.
7. They employ lots of young men who … to Oxford.
To be
Why … you … so foolish, my girl?
He … just the man I can fall in love with.
8. I … all of them to my party.
To ask
Do you realize what you … me about?
He never … silly questions.
9. My word, I … them everything.
To tell
Why … you always … lies to everybody
She’s very good at inventing stories and always …
the children wonderful stories.
… she … me a lie?
10. Do you mean you … all these?
To read
I really … a lot of late.
What is it you …?
He … quite well for his age.
145. Переведите предложения на английский язык.
1. Я уже написал письмо.
2. Ты заказал билеты на самолет?
3. Я еще не сказал вам главного.
4. Молодец, ты уже сделал очень много.
5. Ты когда-нибудь встречал этого человека?
6. Не расстраивайся, такие вещи случались и раньше.
7. Я очень волнуюсь, ведь я первый раз села за руль одна.
8. Я никогда не сталкивался ни с чем подобным.
9. Мне кажется, мы уже встречались раньше.
10.Ты сказал мне всю правду,
11.Разве вы никогда не бывали в нашем городе?
12.Ты уже виделся с отцом?
13.Неужели ты уже перевел текст?
14.Ты впервые видишь афганских овчарок?
15.Он недавно побывал в Лондоне и Париже.
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16.Знаешь, я только что видела отца, он очень сердит на вас.
17.– Ты уже позавтракала? – Нет еще.
18.Кто сказал тебе об этом случае?
19.Ты дала кому-нибудь мой учебник? Я нигде не могу его найти.
20.– А где дети? – Они уже легли спать.
21.Разве Мери уехала? Я совсем недавно говорила с ней по телефону.
146. Употребление Present Perfect с обстоятельственными словами today,
this year, this morning, this evening, this term, this week, these weeks, this
autumn, this winter, all these days.
1. You’ve made a serious mistake today.
2. I’m in love with her! How wonderful she’s been today.
3. I have had four wonderful adventures this morning.
4. Everything you’ve said today is of great importance.
5. Is he all right? He’s not looked well all the evening.
6. I can’t tell you anything. I have seen nothing of him today.
7. Oh, that is the truest word you have spoken this night.
8. I’m quite dizzy. There has been such a rush of work this week.
9. Good evening, Mary. Has your mistress been here today?
10.What big cities have you visited this year?
11.Well, so what has happened this month?
147. Переведите предложения на английский язык.
1. Ты сегодня видел Джона?
2. В каких городах они побывали в этом году?
3. Ты когда-нибудь бывал в этом музее? – Я побывала там как раз сегодня.
4. На этой неделе я написала два сочинения.
5. Этим летом было мало дождей.
6. Можешь меня поздравить, я сегодня сдал последний экзамен.
7. В этом месяце девочки дважды ходили на дискотеку.
8. Сколько зачетов вы сдали в этом семестре?
9. Какое прекрасное утро! Ты ходил купаться?
10.Сегодня прилетели первые ласточки.
11.Этой осенью не было ни одного солнечного дня.
12.На этой неделе не было теплых дней.
13.В этом месяце цены опять поднялись.
14.Сколько уроков ты взяла за эти месяцы?
148. Употребление Present Perfect c обстоятельственными
словосочетаниями, начинающимися с since и for.
Fill the spaces in the following sentences by using for or since.
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1. We've been fishing . . . two hours.
2. I've been working in this office . . . a month.
3.They've been living in France . . . 1970.
4. He has been in prison . . . a year.
5. I've known that . . . a long time.
6. That man has been standing there . . . six o'clock.
7. She has driven the same car . . . 1975.
8. Things have changed . . . I was a girl.
9. The kettle has been boiling . . . a quarter of an hour.
10. The central heating has been on . . . October.
11. That trunk has been in the hall . . . a year.
12. He has been very ill . . . the last month.
13. I've been using this machine . . . twelve years.
14. We've been waiting . . . half an hour.
15. Mr. Pitt has been in hospital . . . his accident.
16. He hasn't spoken to me . . . the last committee meeting.
17. I have been very patient with you . . . several years.
18. They have been on strike . . . November.
19. The strike has lasted . . . six months.
20. It has been very foggy . . . early morning.
21. They have been quarrelling ever . . . they got married.
22. I've been awake . . . four o'clock.
23. I've been awake . . . a long time.
24. We've had no gas . . . the strike began.
25. I've earned my own living . . . I left school.
26. Nobody has seen him . . . last week.
27. The police have been looking for me . . . four days.
28. I haven't worn low-heeled shoes . . . I was at school.
29. He had a bad fall last week and . . . then he hasn't left the house.
30. He has been under water . . . half an hour.
31. That tree has been there . . . 2,000 years.
32. He has been Minister of Education . . . 1983.
33. I've been trying to open this door . . . forty-five minutes.
34. He hasn't eaten anything . . . twenty-four hours.
35. We've had terrible weather . . . the last month.
36. Nobody has come to see us . . . we bought these bloodhounds.
149. The present perfect continuous tense
Put the verbs in brackets into the present perfect continuous tense
1. I (make) cakes. That is why my hands are all covered with flour.
2. Her phone (ring) for ten minutes. I wonder why she doesn't answer it.
3. He (overwork). That is why he looks so tired.
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4. There is sawdust in your hair. ~
I'm not surprised. I (cut) down a tree.
5. Have you seen my bag anywhere? I (look) for it for ages.
6. What you (do)? ~
I (work) in the laboratory.
7. He (study) Russian for two years and doesn't even know the alphabet yet.
8. How long you (wait) for me? ~
I (wait) about half an hour.
9. It (rain) for two days now. There'11 be a flood soon.
10. We (argue) about this for two hours now. Perhaps we should stop
11. I (bathe). That's why my hair is all wet.
12. You (drive) all day. Let me drive now.
13. How long you (wear) glasses?
14. The petrol gauge (say) 'Empty' for quite a long time now. Don't think we should
get some petrol?
15. I'm sorry for keeping you waiting. I (try) to make a telephone call Rome.
16. You (not eat) enough lately. That's why you feel irritable,
17. He (speak) for an hour now. I expect he'll soon be finished.
18. That helicopter (fly) round the house for the last hour; do you think it's taking
photographs?
19. The radio (play) since 7 a.m. I wish someone would turn it off.
20. I (shop) all day and I haven't a penny left.
21. We (live) here since 1977.
22. I'm on a diet. I (eat) nothing but bananas for the last month.
23. The children (look) forward to this holiday for months.
24. That pipe (leak) for ages. We must get it mended.
25. Tom (dig) in the garden all afternoon and I (help) him.
26. I (ask) you to mend that window for six weeks. When are you going to do it?
27. Someone (use) my bicycle. The chain's fallen off.
28. How long you (drive)? ~
I (drive) for ten years.
29. The trial (go) on for a long time. I wonder what the verdict will be.
30. It (snow) for three days now. The roads will be blocked if it doesn't stop soon.
31. Mary (cry)? ~
No, she (not cry), she (peel) onions.
32. The car (make) a very curious noise ever since it ran out of oil.
33. He walked very unsteadily up the stairs and his wife said, 'You (drink)!'
34. Your fingers are very brown. You (smoke) too much.
35. You usually know when someone (eat) garlic.
36. Ever since he came to us that man (try) to make trouble.
150. Сравните следующие пары предложений. Объясните
употребление выделенных форм.
1. (a) When I was a child my family lived in Moscow. (b) My family has
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lived here since my childhood.
2. (a) Don4 worry, I posted your letter in the morning. (b) I‫ۥ‬m sorry, but I've
only just posted your letter.
3. (a) Mary came back on Sunday. (b) Try to get Bob on the phone. They say
he has already come back.
4. (a) Last year Jack visited his friends in New York. (b) I've never visited
these countries.
5. (a) If you've done all I told you to, you can go and play. (b) She did
everything yesterday evening, so today she is quite free.
6. (a) My watch was all right in the morning, but now it has stopped. (b) My
watch stopped at 8 o'clock this morning.
7. (a) Don't take your umbrella, it has cleared up. (b) After several rainy days
it at last cleared up last evening.
8. (a) He came in a moment ago. (b) She has just come in.
9. (a) That winder they spent their holidays in the mountains. (b) This winter
we have spent the holidays in town.
10. (a) I didn't see Jane in August. (b) Have you seen any of them since
August?
160. Tenses: present perfect and Past Simple
A: I suppose you met Tom some time ago.
B: No, I've only just met him.
I suppose ... some time ago.
1. you heard this (Use it for this.)
2. he arrived
3. she left
4. they got engaged
5. she arranged this (Use it.)
6. she accepted your suggestion
7. they bought the house
8. he told her
9. the course began
10.the shop opened
11.he suggested this (Use it.)
12.you and Tom enrolled
13.he passed his test
14.you signed the lease
15.they cancelled their booking
16.he resigned
17.they emigrated
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18.they arrested him
19.he answered
20.you booked the seats
161. Tenses: present perfect
A: When did you last write to Peter?
B: Oh, I haven't written to him for ages.
A: When did you last ride a camel?
B: Oh, I haven't ridden one for ages.
(When the object has the form: a/an + noun, use one in the answer.)
When did ...
1. you last see Tom?
2. you last make a bad mistake?
3. you and Bill last eat out?
4. he last do a good day's work?
5. you last sleep well?
6. she last read a book?
7. he last take part in a competition?
8. you last hear from them?
9. you last fly a plane?
10.you last speak to Bill?
11.he last teach?
12.he last pay you?
13.he last write to you?
14.he last go to the theatre?
15.you last catch a fish?
16.he last shave?
17.he last have a job?
18.you last sell a picture?
19.you and Peter last discuss this matter?
20.you last win a race?
162. The present perfect and the simple past
Put the verbs in brackets into the present perfect or the simple past tense. In some
sentences the present perfect continuous (PEG 190) is also possible.
1. This is my house. ~
How long you (live) here? ~
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I (live) here since 1970.
2. He (live) in London for two years and then (go) to Edinburgh.
3. You (wear) your hair long when you were at school? ~
Yes, my mother (insist) on it.
4.But when I (leave) school I (cut) my hair and (wear) it short ever since.
5. Shakespeare (write) a lot of plays.
6. My brother (write) several plays. He just (finish) his second tragedy.
7. I (fly) over Loch Ness last week. ~
You (see) the Loch Ness monster?
8. I (not see) him for three years. I wonder where he is.
9. He (not smoke) for two weeks. He is trying to give it up.
10. Chopin (compose) some of his music in Majorca.
11. When he (arrive)? ~
He (arrive) at 2.00.
12. You (lock) the door before you left the house?
13. I (read) his books when I was at school. I (enjoy) them very much.
14. I can't go out because I (not finish) my work.
15. I never (drink) whisky. ~
Well, have some now.
16. I (write) the letter but I can't find a stamp.
17. The clock is slow. ~
It isn't slow, it (stop).
18. Here are your shoes; I just (clean) them.
19. I (leave) home at 8.00 and (get) here at twelve.
20. I (do) this sort of work when I (be) an apprentice.
21. He just (go) out.
22. He (go) out ten minutes ago.
23. You (have) breakfast yet? ~
Yes, I (have) it at 8.00.
24. I (meet) him last June.
25. You (see) the moon last night?
26. The concert (begin) at 2.30 and (last) for two hours. Everyone (enjoy) it very
much.
27. The play just (begin). You are a little late.
28. The newspaper (come)? ~
Yes, Ann is reading it.
29. The actors (arrive) yesterday and (start) rehearsals early this morning.
30. It (be) very cold this year. I wonder when it is going to get warmer.
31. Cervantes (write) Don Quixote.
32. We (miss) the bus. Now we'll have to walk.
33. He (break) his leg in a skiing accident last year.
34. Mr. Pound is the bank manager. He (be) here for five years.
35. Mr. Count (work) as a cashier for twenty-five years. Then he (retire) and (go) to
live in the country.
36. You (be) here before? ~
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Yes, I (spend) my holidays here last year. ~
You (have) a good time? ~
No, it never (stop) raining.
163. Дайте по два полных ответа на каждый из следующих вопросов,
используя соответствующие обстоятельственные слова в скобках.
Образец: When did you see him? (yesterday, just)
I saw him yesterday.
I have just seen him.
1. When did Mary tell you about her plans? {last Monday, this evening) 2.
When did you get that job? (last week, this week) 3. When did Tom leave for
Moscow? (two days ago, today) 4. When did Mary ring you up? (early in the
morning, never) 5. When did the patient wake up? (some minutes ago, just) 6. When
did the frosts set in? (about a week ago, this week) 7. When did Bob propose Ann?
(at the beginning of the month, this month) 8. When did their expedition return? (the
other week, this week) 9. When did the Roberts settle here? (last year, this year) 10.
When did Mother come back? (at noon, not yet) 11. When did you see Tom this
month? (some days ago, never) 12. When did he issue this order? (last Monday,
today)
164. Ответьте кратко на следующие вопросы и расширьте ответы,
уточнив с помощью обстоятельственных слов в скобках время
совершения действий.
Образец: Have you seen Mary lately? (an hour ago)
Yes, I have, I saw her an hour ago.
Have you spoken to the dean? (this week)
Yes, I have, I've spoken to him this week.
1. Have you read "The Moving Finger" by A. Christie? (last year)
2. Have you had lunch today? (two hours ago)
3. Have you ever been to England? (this year)
4. Has Mary come yet? (just)
5. Have you finished your homework? (before Mother came)
6. Has Mr. Adams spoken to you? (when we were in the hall)
7. Has Mary watered the flowers? (in early morning)
8. Have your friends already returned? (last Sunday)
9. Have I hurt you? (when you said something about my laziness)
10. Have you dropped smoking? (last month)
11. Have you met torn this week? (just)
12. Have you waited for me long? (about two hours)
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165. Заполните пропуски подходящими обстоятельственными
словами из данных в скобках.
1. You've made a serious mistake ... (today, that day) 2. Mr. Lester has ...
arrived, (just, just now) 3. I waited ... (until she returned, since she returned) 4. Have
you by any chance seen him ... ? (lately, that week) 5. Possibly, I have kept you ... for
nothing, (all this time, all that time) 6. Not a single neutral country ... has agreed to
set up diplomatic relations, my Fuhrer. (so far, at that time) 7. He hasn't come ... {yet,
then) 8. He did not speak ... (since we were on the road, until we were on the road) 9.
Why didn't you tell me about it ... ? (today, long ago) 10. This is my home, and these
are the people I have known ... (when I was a child, all my life) 11. He told me
nothing ... (that night, this night) 12. He left his office soon after ten this morning and
nobody has seen him ... (till five, since) 13. I don't believe I have smoked once ...
(when you went away, since you went away) 14. I haven't seen him ... (before he left,
before) 15. You know the picture is yours, Dorian. I gave it to you ... (before, before
it existed) 16. Did you hear what that cousin of mine did ... ? (today, the other day)
17. Good afternoon. Have you been in town ... ? (in the morning, since morning) 18.
He didn't say anything ... ? (since he came to, after he came to) 19. Only once ... has
he been in trouble, (in his ten years, in those years) 20. ... have you gone in for
playing these games? (when, since when) 21. ... he studied medicine, (those years,
these years) 22. The troubles in that house began ... (long before, long before Jem
and I were born).
166. Заполните пропуски формами Past Simple или Present Perfect
Simple глаголов в скобках.
1. He ... asleep most of the say and seems much better, (to be)
2. For many years I ... in many parts of the world, (to travel)
4. He ... just now of what he wanted to do. (to speak)
5. I ... them intimately at the time, (to know)
6. How long ... you ... Bolla? (to know)
7. I beg your pardon, Basil, but I ... you had anyone with you. (not to know)
8. Stop and have supper with me, now I ... you so long, (to keep)
9. I want to see how much he ... since I saw him last, (to change)
10. "Was it after you ... that letter to me?" "What letter? I never ... any letter."
(to write)
11. I ... with him all night, and now I must go off to my hospital patients, (to
be)
12. Now that they ... , let's have a friendly chat, (to go)
13. We ... each other since we were at school together, (to know)
14. He ... out the stain a second time, but the second morning it ... again, (to
rub, to appear)
15. I ... always ... to be honest about our relationship, and I think I ... never ...
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you. (to try, to deceive)
16. I ... to say something to you for the last nine months, (to want)
17. I want to know something about her. What ... she like? Whom ... she ... ?
{to be, to marry)
18. We ... married for thirty-five years, my dear. (to be)
19. They ... at each other for a moment, and then Frankie ... and ... to walk up
and down the hall, (to look, to nod, to begin)
20. She ... after her old parents for years. They are now both dead, and she
takes-in lodgers, (to look)
21. The Druids ... dead hundreds of years, and their religion ... long ... , but
there are some things in England in our own time that remind us of the Druids
and their strange religion, (to be, to forget)
22. When he ... it he ... back and his cheeks ... for a moment with pleasure, (to
see, to draw, to flush)
23. I ... very worried about you. I ... here last night after I ... the news about the
girl, (to be, to come, to hear)
24. "I don't understand you, Roger. Why ... you ... your mind? Half an hour
ago you ... for Henry's going to the Granse." "Well, I ... time to think the matter
over since." (to change, to be, to have)
167. Переведите предложения на английский язык.
1. Вчера шел сильный снег.
2. Я еще не говорил с деканом.
3. Когда началась конференция?
4. Когда ты видел Тома в последний раз?
5. Они живут здесь с тех пор, как окончили университет.
6. Когда он вошел в комнату, все встали.
7. Я не хочу говорить Мери, что случилось.
8. Где вы были все эти дни?
9. Куда уехали Джонсы?
10. Утром погода была хорошая, а теперь облака закрыли все небо.
11. Вчера вечером я встретила Энн в театре, но сегодня я ее еще не
видела.
12. Ты когда-нибудь бывал в Турции?
13. "Я в жизни ни разу не был в таверне, не пил с матросами крепкого
виски."
14. Боб принес мне книгу, но я еще не успел ее даже начать.
15. В детстве с ним постоянно случались всякие неожиданные вещи. 16.
Что случилось, почему ты так побледнел?
17. Когда же ты вернулся?
18. Я рада, что ты вернулся.
19. В 1997 году эти ребята еще не учились в университете.
20. Я пришел сказать, что мы уже все сделали.
21. С того дня я всегда отвечаю на письма вовремя.
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22. Почему ты не позвонил мне, когда приехал?
23. Мне очень понравилась та вечеринка, мы хорошо повеселились.
24. Я здесь уже целый час, но еще так и не знаю, зачем они просили меня
прийти. Ты что-нибудь слышал об этом?
25. На прошлой неделе погода переменилась, и с тех пор очень тепло. 26.
Он подошел ко мне и сказал: "А я вас знаю. На этой неделе я видел вас
несколько раз. Вы приехали в наш город с месяц тому назад и с тех пор
часто приходили в библиотеку."
27. Кто этот человек? Я никогда раньше его здесь не видел.
28. Он талантливый писатель, он опубликовал две прекрасные книжки.
Первую он написал, когда ему еще не было двадцати лет, а вторую в
прошлом году. Я их недавно прочитала и с тех пор много о них слышу.
168. Прочитайте предложения вслух. Прокомментируйте выделенные
формы. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
(A) 1. I'm getting old and I can't remember things as I used to. 2. There was
a big stretch of common land down by the river and people used to take their dogs
there. 3. A man used to send me purple orchids every night to the theatre. 4. I used
to hate coming home when it was dark. 5. There used to be tremendous parties
there. 6. "Monday morning disease" they used to call it. 7. She used to go silently in
and out of the room with a plate of food or a glass of beer. 8. You know Lee Larr and
the dead man did not use to be good friends. 9. You sound so hard and bitter! You
didn't used to be this way.
(B) 1. When he was telling a story his eyes would lighten and darken. 2.
The only difference between him and his father was their age, and that he would
speak to us when we said good morning to him. 3. "Did you ever speak to her?"
"Why, yes, sir. I'd tip my hat when I'd go by and one day she asked me to come
inside the fence." 4. When he passed we would look at the ground and say, "Good
morning, sir", but he would never answer. 5. In the evening all seven animals would
pile themselves round his feet as he sat in his chair by the fire. 6. And when they
spotted me driving past they would grin cheerfully. 7.1 don't think he slept much. He
used to sit in the arm-chair. There would be cigarette ash all round it in the morning.
169. Tenses: present perfect continuous
A: I live here.
B: How long have you been living here?
A: I'm looking for a job.
B: How long have you been looking for a job?
Keep the nouns unchanged.
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1. I work here.
2. I'm learning Greek.
3. I'm waiting for Peter.
4. I sleep badly.
5. I'm economizing.
6. He drives a bus.
7. I check their accounts.
8. I pay his school fees.
9. He cooks.
10.She does two jobs.
11.I feel depressed.
12.He's blackmailing me.
13.He sends anonymous letters.
14.I collect fossils.
15.He receives stolen goods.
16.They meet secretly.
17.I'm losing weight.
18.I help Peter with his homework.
19.I live in a condemned house.
20.They are squatting in an empty block.
170. Tenses: present perfect and present perfect continuous
A: I've been picking pears.
B: How many have you picked?
A: He's been making a lot of
money.
B: How much has he made?
Note that if the things that are being talked are countable, you should use many.
If they are uncountable, you should use much.
1. I've been planting apple trees.
2. I've been making cakes.
3. He's been cleaning shoes.
4. He's been writing letters.
5. We've been mending sheets.
6. I've been washing blankets.
7. I've been applying for jobs.
8. I've been taking photographs.
9. I've been saving money.
10.Tom has been putting on weight.
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11.Ann's been losing weight.
12.Peter's been answering advertisements.
13.Mary's been sending out invitations.
14.I've been cutting sandwiches.
15.George has been painting pictures.
16.Tom has been looking at houses.
17.I've been addressing envelopes.
18.I've been ironing shirts.
19.I've been grinding coffee.
20.I've been peeling onions.
171. The present perfect and the present perfect continuous
Put the verbs in brackets into the present perfect or the present perfect continuous
tense.
(In some cases either could be used.)
1. We (walk) ten kilometres.
2. We (walk) for three hours.
3. You (walk) too fast. That's why you are tired.
4. I (make) sausage rolls for the party all the morning.
5. How many you (make)? ~
I (make) 200.
6. That boy (eat) seven ice-creams.
7. He (not stop) eating since he arrived.
8. The driver (drink). I think someone else ought to drive.
9. I (pull) up 100 dandelions.
10. I (pull) up dandelions all day.
11. What you (do)? ~
We (pick) apples.
12. How many you (pick)? ~
We (pick) ten basketfuls.
13. I (sleep) on every bed in this house and I don't like any of them.
14. He (sleep) since ten o'clock. It's time he woke up.
15. He (ride); that's why he is wearing breeches.
16. I (ride) all the horses in this stable.
17. What a lovely smell! ~
Mary (make) jam.
18. The students (work) very well this term.
19. I only (hear) from him twice since he went away.
20. I (hear) from her regularly. She is a very good correspondent.
21. I (grease) my car. That's why my hands are so dirty.
22. I (polish) this table all the morning and she isn't satisfied with it yet.
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23. I (work) for him for ten years and he never once (say) 'Good morning' to me.
24. He (teach) in this school for five years.
25. I (teach) hundreds of students but I never (meet) such a hopeless class as this.
26. Why you (be) so long in the garage? ~
The tyres were flat; I (pump) them up.
27. I (pump) up three tyres. Would you like to do the fourth?
28. I (look) for mushrooms but I (not find) any.
29. He (cough) a lot lately. He ought to give up smoking.
30. You (hear) the news? Tom and Ann are engaged! ~
That's not new; I (know) it for ages!
31. I (try) to finish this letter for the last half-hour. I wish you'd go away or stop
talking. ~
I hardly (say) anything.
32. The driver of that car (sound) his horn for the last ten minutes.
33. It (rain) for two hours and the ground is too wet to play on, so the match (be)
postponed.
34. He (hope) for a rise in salary for six months but he (not dare) to ask for it yet.
35. Mr Smith, you (whisper) to the student on your right for the last five minutes.
You (help) him with his exam paper or he (help) you?
36. Why you (make) such a horrible noise? ~
I (lose) my key and I (try) to wake my wife by throwing stones at he window. ~
You (throw) stones at the wrong window. You live next door.
FUTURE FORMS
THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE AS A FUTURE FORM
172.Put the verbs in brackets into the present continuous tense.
1. They are going to drill for oil here. They (start) on Monday.
2. My uncle (make) a speech on Friday.
3. I (take) my sister to the ballet tomorrow.
4. She (call) for me at six.
5. He (play) at Wimbledon next summer.
6. I (meet) her at the station at ten.
7. The sales (not start) till Monday.
8. How you (get) to the party tomorrow? ~
I (go) by car. ~
Who (drive)?
9. The piano tuner (come) this afternoon.
10. You (give) him anything for his birthday? ~
Yes, I (give) him a dictionary.
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11. The windows (be) cleaned today. Then we'll be able to see out.
12. She (come) out of hospital next week.
13. We (have) dinner early tonight as we (go) to the theatre.
14. Where you (go) for your holidays this year? ~
I (go) to Holland.
15. He (not give) a lecture tonight.
16. I (have) my photograph taken tomorrow.
17. I (buy) her a burglar alarm for a wedding present.
18. The elections (be) held next week.
19. I (have) lunch with my aunt on Thursday.
20. The committee (meet) next Wednesday.
21. My grandparents (celebrate) their golden wedding next week.
22. I (lend) him my car for his holidays.
23. The strikers (return) to work next week.
24. Smith's (open) a new branch in this street in July.
25. We've bought a new house and (move) in very soon.
26. I (not take) up judo next winter.
27. They (get) married next week.
28. You (do) anything tonight? ~
Yes, I (go) to my carpentry class.
29. The Prime Minister (fly) to America tomorrow.
30. He (start) a new job on Friday.
31. The Queen (give) a garden party next week. You (go)?
32. My brother (be) released on Tuesday. I (meet) him outside the prison.
33. I (catch) the 6.30 plane tomorrow. ~
Where you (leave) your car? ~
I (not take) the car.
34. Her mother (send) her to France next year.
35. I (go) to the dentist tomorrow. Miss Pitt (take) my class.
36. I (lend) my flat to my American cousins next year.
The be going to form
173.Put the verbs in brackets into the be going to form.
1. You (miss) your train.
2. The pressure cooker (explode).
3. When you (pay) the bill?
4. She (dye) the old curtains blue.
5. We (make) this whisky bottle into a lamp.
6. What you (do) with this room? ~
I (paint) the walls in black and white stripes.
7. The umpire (blow) his whistle.
8. You (eat) all that?
9. That man with the tomato in his hand (throw) it at the speaker.
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10. That door (slam).
11. The bull (attack)us.
12. It (rain). Look at those clouds.
13. The cat (have) kittens.
14. The men in the helicopter (try) to rescue the man in the water.
15. That rider (fall) off.
16. These two men (cycle) across Africa.
17. The Lord Mayor is standing up. He (make) a speech.
18. He (grow) a beard when he leaves school.
19. This aeroplane (crash).
20. I (stop) here for a moment to get some petrol.
21. You (ask) him to help you?
22. I've lent you my car once. I (not do) it again.
23. I have seen the play. Now I (read) the book.
24. Small boy: I (be) a frogman when I grow up.
25. I (not sleep) in this room. It is haunted.
26. We (buy) a metal detector and look for buried treasure.
27. You (reserve) a seat?
28. I (plant) an oak tree here.
29. The dog (bury) the bone.
30. I (have) a bath.
31. I (smuggle) this out of the country,
32. There was very little blossom this spring. Apples (be) scarce.
33. I don't like this macaroni. I (not finish) it.
34. I (not stay) here another minute.
35. They (try) him for manslaughter when he comes out of hospital.
36. We (make) a lot of money out of this.
The present continuous and the be going to form
Planned future actions can be expressed by the present continuous tense with a time
expression or by the be going to form with or without a time expression. The present
continuous is mainly used for very definite arrangements in the near future. The be
going to form can be used more widely.
174.Use the present continuous where possible in the following sentences and
put the remaining verbs into the be going to form.
1. I (play) bridge tonight with Tom and Ann.
2. He (have) an operation next week.
3. It's very cold. I (light) a fire.
4. We (have) some friends to lunch tomorrow.
5. I've bought a piano; it (be) delivered this afternoon. ~
Where you (put) it? ~
I (put) it in the dining room.
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6. You (go) to the auction tomorrow? ~
Yes, I (go) but I (not buy) anything.
7. I've reminded you once; I (not do) it again.
8. I (have) my hair cut this afternoon.
9. My nephew (come) to stay with me next weekend. ~
Where you (put) him? ~
I (put) him in the room in the tower.
10. Our class (start) German next term.
11. I (spend) a few days in London next week.
12. The Town Council (build) a new school here.
13. What you (tell) the police? ~
I (tell) them the truth.
14. He (start) tomorrow.
15. The Queen (open) Parliament next month.
16. The Prime Minister (speak) on TV tonight.
17. This shop (close) down next week.
18. When you (have) your next lesson? ~
I (have) it on Monday.
19. I (collect) my new dress this afternoon.
20. We (take) the children to the seaside this summer.
21. I (give) him a football for his next birthday.
22. She (sing) in her first big concert next month.
He (go) to Spain for his holidays. ~
He (fly)? ~
No, he (go) by boat.
24. She (see) a specialist next week.
25. He (wash) the car?
26. He (ring) me up tonight.
27. The inspector (ask) you a few questions.
28. Her parents (give) a party for her next month. They (invite) sixty guests.
29. Have you got a ticket for the big match on Saturday? ~
No, I don't even know who (play). ~
France (play) England.
30. They (launch) a ship this afternoon. You (come) to see it?
31. What you (do) with the money?
32. I (pick) you up at 6.30; don't forget.
33. Where you (go) tonight? ~
I (go) out with Peter. He (call) for me at eight.
34. I (compete) in the bicycle race tomorrow.
35. Mr Pitt has just phoned to say that he (not come) back till Wednesday night.
36. I (read) you his answer to my letter of complaint.
The future simple
175.Put the verbs in brackets into the future simple.
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1. I (know) the result in a week.
2. You (be) in Rome tonight.
3. You (have) time to help me tomorrow?
4. It (matter) if I don't come home till morning?
5. You (be) able to drive after another five lessons.
6. Do you think that he (recognize) me?
7. Unless he runs he (not catch) the train.
8. He (lend) it to you if you ask him.
9. I hope I (find) it.
10. If petrol pump attendants go on strike we (not have) any petrol.
11. He (believe) whatever you tell him.
12. I (remember) this day all my life.
13. Perhaps he (arrive) in time for lunch.
14. If he works well I (pay) him Ј10.
15. I wonder how many of us still (be) here next year.
16. If you think it over you (see) that I am right.
17. If you learn another language you (get) a better job.
18. I am sure that you (like) our new house.
19. Newspaper announcement: The President (drive) along the High
Street in an open carriage.
20. He (mind) if I bring my dog?
21. You (need) a visa if you are going to Spain.
22. If you open that trapdoor you (see) some steps.
23. You (feel) better when you've had a meal.
24. He (be) offended if you don't invite him.
25. She (have) Ј1000 a year when she is twenty-one.
26. If you put any more polish on that floor someone (slip) on it.
27. I wonder if he (succeed).
28. Papers (not be) delivered on the Bank Holiday.
29. I hope he (remember) to buy wine.
30. If you leave your roller skates on the path someone (fall) over them.
31. If they fall over them and hurt themselves they (sue) you.
32. Announcement: Mrs. Pitt (present) the prizes.
33. If you want twenty cigarettes you (have) to give me more money.
34. Notice: The management (not be) responsible for articles left on the seats.
35. If I drop this it (explode).
36. What your father (say) when he hears about this accident? ~
He (not say) much but he not (lend) me the car again.
The present continuous and the future simple
176. Put the verbs in brackets into the present continuous or the future simple
using the present continuous where possible.
(The be going to form could be used here instead of the present continuous, but for
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the
sake of simplicity students are advised to use only the two tenses first mentioned.)
1. I am sure that I (recognize) him.
2. I (see) her tomorrow. I
3. He (play) in a tennis match on Friday.
4. She (come) back on Monday.
5. I (go) again next year.
6. We (know) tonight.
7. You pay and I (owe) you the money.
8. I (believe) it when I see it.
9. I (have) my car repainted next week.
10. I hope that you (have) a good time tomorrow.
11. His speech (be) broadcast tonight.
12. The window-cleaner (come) at eight tomorrow.
13. Tom (catch) the 7.40 train.
14. Where you (meet) them?~
I (meet) them at midnight in the middle of the wood.
15. What horse you (ride) tomorrow?
16. Look! I've broken the teapot. What Mrs Pitt (say)? ~
She (not mind); she never liked that one.
17. I've left the light on. It (matter)?
18. He (not forget) to come.
19. He (leave) in a few days.
20. I (remember) it.
21. If you drop that bottle it (break).
22. I never (forgive) him.
23. I'm sure that you (like) him.
24. They (lay) the foundations next week.
25. You (see) a signpost at the end of the road.
26. He has cut my hair too short. ~
Don't worry; it (grow) again very quickly.
27. You (understand) when you are older.
28. The cat (scratch) you if you pull its tail.
29. I (be) back at 8.30.
30. If he doesn't work hard he (not pass) his exam.
31. She (go) on a cruise next summer.
32. I (move) to a new flat next week.
33. I am sorry that the child saw the accident.
I don't think it matters. He soon (forget) all about it.
34. I (wait) here till he comes back.
35. He (not write) to you unless you write to him.
36. There (be) a big meeting here tomorrow.
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will + infinitive and the be going to form
Future with intention can usually be expressed by will + infinitive or the be going to
form. Very often either of these can be used, but when the intention is clearly
premeditated the be going to form must be used, and when the intention is clearly
unpremeditated we must
list' will + infinitive.
177.Put the verbs in brackets into one of these two forms. (In some of the
examples the present continuous could be used instead of the be going to form.)
1. The fire has gone out! ~
So it has. I (go) and get some sticks.
2.Did you remember to book seats? ~
Oh no, I forgot. I (telephone) for them now.
3. He has just been taken to hospital with a broken leg. ~
I'm sorry to hear that. I (send) him some grapes.
4. I've hired a typewriter and I (learn) to type.
5. I see that you have got a loom. You (do) some weaving?
6. I can't understand this letter. ~
I (call) my son. He (translate) it for you.
7. You (buy) meat? ~
No, I (not eat) meat any more. I (eat) vegetables.
8. You've bought a lot of paint. You (redecorate) your kitchen?
9. Why are you getting out the jack? ~
We have a puncture and I (change) the wheel. ~
I (help) you.
10. Look what I've just bought at an auction! ~
What an extraordinary thing! Where you (put) it?
11. Why are you peeling that bit of garlic? ~
I (put) it in the stew.
12. What you (do) when you grow up? ~
I (be) an acrobat in a circus.
13. What are you going to do with that dress?~
I (shorten) the skirt.
14. Will you lend me your season ticket? ~
No, I (not lend) it to you. It is against the law.
15. That tree makes the house very dark. ~
Very well, I (cut) it down.
16. I've just enrolled at the local technical college. I (attend) pottery
classes next winter.
17. How do I get from here to London Bridge? ~
I don't know, but I (ask) that policeman.
18. Why are you carrying a corkscrew? ~
I (open) a bottle of wine.
115
19. Why's he putting the camera on a tripod? ~
He (take) a group photo.
20. My brother has just returned from America. ~
Oh good, we (ask) him to our next party.
21. Why have you set your alarm to go off at five-thirty? ~
Because I (get) up then. I've got a lot to do.
22. I'm turning this cupboard into a darkroom. I (develop) my own films.
23. You look frozen. Sit down by the fire and I (make) you a cup of tea.
24. They've brought a rope and they (tow) the car to a garage.
25. I haven't bought any cigarettes because I (give) up smoking.
26. I have tried to explain but she doesn't understand English. ~
I (say) it to her in Finnish: perhaps she'll understand that.
27. I've come out without any money. ~
Never mind, I (lend) you some. How much do you want?
28. Do you see that car? They (raffle) it for charity.
29. They've hired a bulldozer. They (clear) away this rubble.
30. Child: I've torn my dress.
Mother: I (mend) it for you.
31. I'm catching the 6.30 train. ~
So am 1. I (give) you a lift to the station.
32. I've bought some blue velvet and I (make) curtains for this room.
33. Why are you carrying that saw? ~
I (shorten) the legs of the dining room table.
34. Why are you taking that big basket? ~
I (buy) a lot of vegetables.
35. I've planned my future for the next ten years. ~
That is very clever of you. What you (do) when you leave the university?
36. Why are you putting that old loaf into a paper bag? ~
I (give) it to Mrs Pitt for her hens.
will -i- infinitive and the be going to form
Both will you and are you going to can introduce questions about future intentions.
But will you very often introduces a request or invitati on. For this reason are you
going to is more usual than will you in questions about intentions, are you going to
must of course be used when the intention is obviously premeditated. (See also
Exercise 55.)
178.Put the verbs in brackets into one of these two forms. The exercise contains
requests, invitations, and questions about intentions.
1. You (open) the door for me, please? ~
Yes, certainly.
2. You (do) the washing-up tonight? ~
116
No, I think it can wait till tomorrow.
3. I'm looking for my easel. ~
You (paint) someone's portrait?
4. 'You (read) this passage aloud, please,' said the examiner.
5. You (eat) any more of this, or shall I tell the waiter to take it away?
6.You aren't wearing your climbing boots. You (not climb) the mountain with the
others?
7. 'You (listen) to me!' said his mother angrily.
8. You (put) my car away from me, please? ~
Yes, certainly.
9. You (have) another cup of coffee? ~
No, thank you.
10. Why did you buy all these eggs? You (make) an enormous omelette?
11. There's the phone again. Take no notice. ~
You (not answer) it?
12. You (come) and see me after the class? I want to discuss your work with you.
13. I see that you have ordered the Guardian. You really (read) it?
14. You (buy) stamps? ~
Yes, I am. ~
Then you (buy) some for me, please?
15. You (lend) me your fishing rod? ~
Yes, of course. Where you (fish)?
16. You (finish) this book or shall I take it back to the library?
17. You (give) me lOp, please? ~
Yes, here you are. You (make) a telephone call?
18. You (leave) that coil of barbed wire in the hall? Someone will fall over it if you
do.
19. You (bath) your dog? ~
Yes, you (help) me?
20. You (drive), please? I don't like driving at night.
21. You (ride) that horse? He looks very bad-tempered to me.
22. You (eat) it raw? You will be ill if you do.
23. You (have) some of this cake? I made it myself.
24. You really (call) the fire brigade? I don't think it is at all necessary.
25. You (paint) the whole room by yourself? It will take you ages.
26. You (be) ready in five minutes?
27. Hostess: John, you (sit) here at the end of the table?
28. You (do) something for me? ~
Yes, of course; what is it?
29. You (be) angry if he refuses to help you?
30. Why have you brought your typewriter? You (work) this weekend?
31. You (call) me at six? I have to catch an early train.
32. You (walk) there in this rain? You'll get awfully wet.
33. You (sign) here, please?
34. What are all those notes for? You (give) a lecture?
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35. Why do you want a candle? You (explore) the caves?
36. If I catch some fish, you (cook) them for me?
THE PAST PERFECT
179.Comment on the use of the Past Perfect
1. She had finished packing by three o'clock.
2. When they had finished dinner, Eliza looked at her watch.
3, He had been in for about an hour when he heard the doorbell ring.
4. More than a year had passed since he first thought of the idea.
5. When he had sealed and stamped the envelope, he went back to the window and drew in a
long breath.
6.1 met Strickland before I had been a fortnight in Paris.
7. After the telephone had buzzed for a long while the doctor answered it.
8. As soon as the boys had entered the hall they began to speak about books and writers.
9. Roy waited until the door had closed behind him, then reached, for the phone.
10. I had hardly left home when it began to snow heavily.
11. He had no sooner reached the door than he came back.
12. We had scarcely entered the room when the telephone rang.
13. He had not covered the first of those miles, however, when the luck favoured him at last.
14. It was not until they had exchanged an embrace that he turned his eyes on Tom's face.
180.Put the verb in brackets into the Past Indefinite and the Past Perfect.
I. 1. Jane (be) on her way to meet her mother whom she (not see) for many years.
2. His wife (be) not in. She (go) out a quater of an hour before
3. He (reach) Piccadilly, and suddenly (remember) that he (not call) on her aunt for
ages.
4. Dr Kent (be) English, though he (live) in America for thirty years.
5. His smile (be) something she never (see) before.
6. Fleur (return) when he (get) home.
7. Mr. Brown just (finish) reading the letter when the telephone on his desk (ring).
8. He (come) into the room a moment after I (get) there.
9. When he (return) at eleven o'clock the post (come) in.
10. When Tom (go) I (get) busy at the typewriter.
11. When evening (fall) Jack (leave) the house.
12. I hardly (be) there five minutes when Mrs Brown (come) in with the coffee.
13.No sooner Aunt July (receive) this emblem of departure^ than a change (come)
over her.
14. But scarcely they (move) into the new house when their friends (come) in.
15. He (be) thinner than when I (see) him last, and a little grayer.
16. The evening (go) off easier than she (expect).
17. But the village he (show) her (be) the best she ever (see).
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18. Just at that moment a boy and a girl (come) and (sit) down where the old couple
(be) before.
19. 1 (keep) silence for a little while, thinking of what he (tell) me.
20. Soames (spend) the night at Winchester, a place he often (hear) of but never (see).
21. Without further delay Mark (dial) the number he (want) from the beginning.
22. She (know) why he (come).
23. Eleanor (draw) the children to her, and (say) the words she (say) to the others.
24. Jon (stand) where she (leave) him.
25. Within a week she (know) the fearful mistake she (make).
П. 1.1 (be) very careful not to hint or remind her in any way of what she (tell) me.
2. He (be) with them every day since he (arrive) from the Urals.
3. She (not see) him since long before her last son (be born).
4. There (be) a curious expression on his face I never (see) before.
5. Almost opposite (be) that gallery where she first (meet) him and Jon.
6. He (be) a teacher at the University, as his father (be) before him.
7. There (be) silence after she (go).
8. It (be) one of the happiest afternoons he ever (spend).
9. And then, turning the corner of the path, Old Jolyon (see) Irene exactly where he
(see) her the first time, on the log.
10. And still he (think) about it even after he (go) to bed.
11. And, paying for what he (not eat), he (go) out, passing two acquaintances without
sign of recognition.
12. Very deliberately and carefully Poirot (retell) the conversation he (hold) with
Shaitana at Wessex House.
13. She just (open) the letter a few moments before my call (come) through.
14. She (greet) Poirot whom she (meet) before at a literary dinner in an agreeable bass
voice.
15. There (be) something vaguely familiar about her face but I couldn't remember
where I (see) her before.
16. Big Ben (thump) out eight strokes; Dandle (bark), and Michael (know) mat
Soames (come).
17. He (step) forward and mere (appear) in his voice a quality of strength that his sister
never (hear) before.
18. When Val (leave) them Soames and Winifred (make) their way to the Cheshire
Cheese.
19. The old man (sit) there after Lester (go), thinking deeply.
20. When an hour (pass) she (hear) some body's feet coming down the street.
21. About twenty people already (arrive) when they (enter) the hall.
22. They (not go) four miles before Swithin (receive) the impression that Irene (like)
driving with him.
23. Every one (stand) up. James (be) so old; and Soames (not be) at Timothy's for
nearby two year's.
24. But he (not go) forty yards in the direction of Piccadilly when Holly's shy face
(come) up before him.
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25. As it (be), he (receive) nods and even smiles from people who never (seem) to
look at him before.
Ш. 1. James (be) still in the dining-room talking to Soames, who (come) round again
before breakfast.
2. Long before they (reach) Robin Hill, however, the unaccustomed airing (make)
him terribly sleepy.
3. Scarlett sometimes (wonder) where Archie (come) from and what his life (be)
before he (come) to live in Melly's cellar but she (ask) no questions.
4. She (go) unwillingly, at the end of the week. Before she (be gone) twenty-four
hours he (find) out his mistake.
5. Though it (be) mid-October Aberalaw (lie) so high that hard arid bitter frosts (grip)
the town almost before the leaves (fall) from the trees.
7. Soames (hate) sunshine and he at once (get) up to draw the blind. Then he (take) his
own cup of tea from his wife, and (say), more coldly than he (intend)....
8. It (be) a memorable day in the life of the twins. Thereafter, when they (talk) it over,
they always (wonder) just why they (fail) to notice Scarlett's charm before.
9. Gerald (help) his wife into the carriage and (give) orders to the coachman to drive
carefully. Toby, who (handle) Gerald's horses for twenty years, (push) out his lips in
mute indignation at being told how to conduct his own business.
10. He (stare) at the fellows, remembering the first time he (see) them. It (be) almost
three years ago. They (come) into the canteen quietly, weary and covered with the dust
of their travels. Then, as now, they (sit) at the table near the door.
11. Every day at dinner he (screw) up his eyes and (look) at where she (sit). She (be)
not there so he (unscrew) his eyes again.
12. Young Jolyon, on the point of leaving the Club, (put) on his hat and (be) in the act
of crossing the hall, as the porter (meet) him.
13. Soames (shake) her hand and (go) downstairs. He (stand) for fully two minutes by
the hat-stand whereon he (hang) his hat so many times.
181. Translate the sentences into English.
1. Войдя в комнату, он увидел Флер там, где ее оставил.
2. Она действительно выглядела лучше, чем в последний раз, когда он ее видел.
Да, она изменилась.
3. Они не прошли и десяти шагов, как встретили старого друга.
4. На следующее утро, когда она уже приготовила себе завтрак, к ней пришли
школьные друзья.
5. Когда гости ушли, она вошла в гостиную и выключила свет.
6. Она сидела на диване и думала, почему еще не пришло письмо от отца.
7. Он вспомнил Ленинград, который он знал еще до войны.
8. Я не знала, когда он ушел.
9. Прежде чем он закончил рассказ, дверь открылась и вошел отец.
10. Прошло некоторое время, прежде чем они поняли, что ему нечего было
сказать.
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11. Приехав домой, он узнал, что его сестра только что ушла.
12. Он раньше не встречал Джона, но кое-что знал о нем.
13. Она кончила упаковывать вещи к тому времени, когда ее сестра постучала в
дверь.
14. Прошло четыре недели и четыре дня с тех пор, как его брат уехал на восток.
15. Когда все ушли, она подошла к телефону и быстро набрала номер.
16. Когда родители вернулись, я показала им, что я сделала.
17. Мама пыталась успокоить меня, после того как вы ушли.
18. По пути домой он старался вспомнить, когда он последний раз видел
Джона.
19. Не успел он подойти к двери, как встретил своих школьных друзей.
20. Он вернулся опять в Москву, где жил с родителями с детства.
21. Когда они, наконец, расстались, он вернулся в комнату и пошел прямо к
столу.
22. Я даже и не думала о море с тех пор, как вернулась домой.
23. Было гораздо холоднее, чем она предполагала. Ей пришлось надеть пальто.
24. Он не был уже таким сильным человеком, каким я его себе представлял.
25. Я посмотрела на часы. Прошло только шестнадцать минут с тех пор, как мы
вышли из музея.
26. Когда он кончил работать, он сел на диван и стал читать газету.
27. Она встала до того, как дети пришли в спальню.
28. Когда все ушли, я осторожно закрыл дверь.
29. Я был голоден. Я ничего не ел с самого утра.
30. Он не помнил его имени и не помнил, чтобы он когда-либо встречал его
раньше.
182.В следующих предложениях прокомментируйте употребление
выделенных форм. Эксплицируйте ситуации, описанные в каждом из них.
Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. She had finished packing by three o’clock.
2. When they had finished dinner, Eliza looked at her watch.
3. By this time he had understood that all was not well.
4. He had never experienced it before.
5. By then, William had rearranged his capital.
6. He had seen that band somewhere before, but he couldn't think where.
7. By the end of March he had invited four employees.
8. On Tuesday at twelve he had finished testing the boys.
9. They had not gone far when the car stopped.
10. He realized that he had just made the worst mistake in his life.
11. I had hardly come out into the sunshine, when a man touched me on the
shoulder.
12. No sooner had he joined the guests than the servant announced the
arrival of the painter.
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13. He had just left the house and was pacing along.
14. The girl shook her head. "Do you think I hadn't thought of that? I went
through all the books last week; took them out, shook them. Nothing there."
15. You see, we'd counted on it a bit.
16. You know that he had actually written to Evans.
17. She repeated the story of what had happened at school that day.
(В) 1. With patience they learned a good deal about the late Mrs. Spenlow.
The late Mrs. Spenlow had begun life as a maid in a large house. She had left
that position to marry the gardener and with him had started a flower shop in
London. The shop had prospered. Not so the gardener, who before long had
sickened and died.
His widow had carried on the shop. She had continued to prosper. Then she
had sold the business and embarked upon matrimony for the second time - with Mr.
Spenlow, a middle-aged jeweller who had inherited a small business. Not long
afterwards they had sold the business and came down to St. Mary Meed.
Mrs. Spenlow was a well-to-do woman.
183.Найдите все формы Past Perfect Simple, передающие длительные
действия. Объясните их употребление.
1. After some conversation, the Director asked how long he had known
Montanelli.
2. The Continental Trust had handled the Richmond account for over thirty
years.
3. He had a pad of blanks in front of him and had already used up more than
half of them. Obviously, he had been at work for some hours.
4. It was what he had wanted to do all along.
5. You see, he'd only just come back, and before that I hadn't seen him for ten
years.
6. The house had been empty for years until this American doctor took it.
7. I went back to the steps and waited patiently I had sat there perhaps five
minutes when I heard Aunt's voice: "Where is Frances?"
8. The old fortified lines had lain in Soviet hands since the winter war.
9. He was an experienced military man. He had served in the navy since
boyhood.
10. There was something tragic about the whole story. He had always felt it
from the first moment when he had looked at the man.
11. Nine years ago my uncle had died in this room, and since then nobody had
wanted to sleep in it.
12. He commanded the Soviet troops in the winter war on Finland. He had
known Leningrad since the days of the Revolution.
13. He had lived there for three years when the terrible thing happened.
14. There, since that time they had had their lodgings.
15. He said he couldn't take part in the performance, he had worked at the case
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for a week and had only come home late that afternoon.
16. He had grown along with Abel and was now his most trusted lieutenant.
17. They had been gone about two hours.
184.Прочитайте следующие предложения и прокомментируйте их
структуру и употребление глагольных форм. Переведите предложения на
русский язык.
1. No sooner had Simmons reappeared than he announced his intention.
2. No sooner had he thrown a piece of coal at the monster than another one
came at him, then another and another.
3. No sooner had I turned away to go downstairs than I heard a strange laugh.
4. Scarcely had they got out when the darkness wrapped them up.
5. Hardly had he opened the door when somebody grabbed him by the collar.
6. Hardly had he mounted the steps when his knee began to pain him again.
7. The door had scarcely closed when the secretary came in.
8. He had hardly got over under way when he addressed me with a touch of
arrogance.
185. Переведите предложения на английский язык.
1. Не успел я сделать и несколько шагов, как вспомнил, что оставил окно
открытым.
2. Едва зазвонил телефон, как она схватила трубку.
3. Не успела я накрыть на стол, как появились первые гости.
4. Не успело еще стемнеть, как разразилась сильная гроза.
5. Едва он пришел в сознание, как почувствовал сильную боль в ноге.
6. Не успела я сказать и нескольких слов, как экзаменатор остановил
меня.
7. Едва она вспомнила о ссоре, как улыбка исчезла с ее губ.
8. Едва он открыл дверь, как собака бросилась в темноту двора.
9. Не успел актер открыть рот, как все громко рассмеялись.
10. Едва Дед Мороз появился на пороге, как дети с криками побежали к
нему.
186.Закончите следующие предложения.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
No sooner had I left ...
No sooner had it got cold ...
No sooner had she returned ...
No sooner had it begun snowing ...
No sooner had the sun set ...
Hardly had the bell rung ...
Hardly had she entered the room ...
Scarcely had she washed up ...
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9. Scarcely had he stepped inside ...
10. He had hardly opened his eyes ...
187.В следующих предложениях найдите придаточные времени и
прокомментируйте употребление в них форм Past Perfect Simple и Past
Simple.
1. When the red light had faded from the summits, Montanelly turned and
roused Arthur.
2. When everyone had finished speaking, he made a few practical
suggestions.
3. He made no comment when she told him.
4. When she caught sight of me she turned away.
5. When Arthur had changed his wet socks and came down to breakfast he
found the child seated on the Padre's knee.
6. When she entered he took up the letter again.
7. When she had gone he got up and began to pace to and fro.
8. Not more than three minutes passed when I heard on the telephone his
voice.
9. When he saw it he smiled.
10. She was gone only a minute when she reappeared through the door.
188. Переведите предложения на английский язык.
1. Сколько предложений ты перевел до того, как прозвенел звонок?
2. Мать приготовила ужин до того, как мы пришли из школы.
3. Дождь перестал, но было еще холодно.
4. Мы прошли около двадцати километров, прежде чем решили разбить
лагерь.
5. К семи часам все гости уже собрались.
6. Ты не знал, что этот тип тебе наврал?
7. Когда я подбежал, кто-то из пловцов уже вытащил ребенка из воды.
Он был жив, хотя еще не пришел в себя.
8. Когда я выбежал из кассы, на платформе никого не было: поезд уже
ушел.
9. Я уже почти оставил надежду, как вдруг натолкнулся на статью по
тому же вопросу, о которой раньше ничего не слышал.
10. Когда он, наконец, проснулся, в доме никого не было, ночные гости,
к счастью, уже исчезли.
11. Когда солнце зашло, они разложили костры.
12. Прежде чем он заговорил, он внимательно осмотрел
присутствующих.
13. Мальчик сказал, что забыл ключи дома.
14. Он охотно говорил о дочери, о том, что она говорила и делала в
детстве.
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15. Оказалось, что он давно знал эту семью.
16. Вдруг он вспомнил об обещании, которое дал своим коллегам.
17. Когда он вернулся, он рассказал обо всем, что видел.
18. Они подождали, пока машина не исчезнет из виду.
19. Мы не проехали и 10 километров, как вдруг кто-то вспомнил, что не
выключил свет в холле.
20. Едва он открыл дверь, как услышал, что в комнате кто-то ходит.
24. Не успела я выйти из кухни, как кошка впрыгнула на стол.
22. К этому времени он уже понял, что не все идет, как надо.
23. Он чувствовал, что умирает от голода: он ничего не ел со вчерашнего
дня.
24. Я едва узнал брата. И немудрено: я не видел его с 1990 года.
25. Сколько времени вы были женаты, когда уехали в США?
26. Они прожили в провинции около десяти лет, прежде чем переехали в
Петербург.
27. Второй свидетель сказал, что знает подсудимого с детства.
28. Мать сказала, что все ушли купаться примерно с час тому назад.
THE PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS
189. Comment on the use of the Past Perfect Continuous.
1. Winifred rose from the Empire Chair in which she had been sitting.
2. "I'm coming all right, "said Mr Oakroyd, who had been shivering for the last ten
minutes.
3. I realized that he had come away with me in order to discuss once more what he
had been already discussing for hours with his sister-in-law.
4. Mrs Gerhardt made no sign, but her very immobility told something. Jennie went
over to her and quickly discovered that she had been weeping.
190. Put the verb in brackets into the Past Indefinite and the Past Perfect Continuous.
1. Jack (clench) the pencil he (use).
2. He (know) from the redness of her eyes, there (be) times she (cry).
3. Turning away, Gwen (move) to close the cupboard Demerest (look) into.
4. Through the open window he could see the chair where Eliza (sit) the previous
night.
5. He (look) up again after Mr. Oakroyd (stand) there a minute or two.
6. He (sit) down opposite her and (lift) the large glass of tomato juice out of the ice in
which it (rest).
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7. So he (listen) graciously when Mrs. Gerhardt (venture) to put the question which
(revolve) in her mind all me afternoon.
8. Carefully she (close) the magazine, turning down* the comer of the page that she
(read).
191. Put the verb in brackets into the Past Indefinite, the Past Continuous and the Past
Perfect Continuous.
1. That evening, that Monday evening, I (get) a phone call when I (eat) dinner at
the club.
2 .My sister's birthday (be) the only thing anybody (talk) at home for the last two
weeks.
3.I (go) back to the hotel and up to my room, where I (expect) my parents at sixthirty.
4. Presently he (turn) to greet her, who (stand) at his elbow.
5. Scarlett, who (fan) herself with a turkey-tail fan, (stop) abruptly.
6. He just (leave) for the airport when Dip (call).
7. "What are you thinking of?" he (ask) after he (look) at me for a few seconds.
8. At nine in the morning she (stand) on the steps in front of the hotel, shivering in a
linen dress.
9. He (not say) where he (sleep) and (have) the appearance of not having slept at
all.
192. Put the verb in brackets into the Past Indefinite, the Past Continuous, the Past
Perfect and the Past Perfect Continuous.
1. He (leave) a message that he (call).
2. A young man who (stand) on the pavement (come) forward.
3. She (meet) her daughter's eyes, but (seem) not to hear what she (say).
4. The young man at whose feet she (sit), (rise) and (stand) before Michael.
5. He again (come) to the village where he (live) in childhood.
6. They (be) silent a moment. She (wait) for him to speak.
7. James (return) to the book he (read) when his parents (enter).
8. The town (be) not large, but he (not be) sorry he (come) there.
9. Michael (go) back into the drawing-room. Fleur (stand) near the window.
10.1 (try) to remember what I (do) during that time.
11. When their visitor (leave) Jon and his mother (stand) without speaking.
12. When he (dress) he (go) downstairs, (write) a long letter to his parents and another
to his sister.
13. "You are welcome," she (say) and (walk) back to where she (sit) with her little
son.
14. When he (come) home, he (see) that something (happen) to his daughter.
126
15. While she (read) this notice a middle-aged woman (appear) in the doorway.
16. She (sit) at the table only five minutes when a car (come)
17. Their father (be) still silent, even when they (have) coffee.
18. Eighteen years (go) since he first (go) into this house.
19. John (wait) until Eliza and her brothers (go).
20. The three (sit) down to the meal mat Susan (prepare).
21.1 (not be) here ten minutes before they (come) in.
THE FUTURE PERFECT TENSE
193. Put the verb in brackets into the Future Perfect Comment on the use of the Future
Perfect
1. We (finish) all the housework by 6 o'clock this afternoon.
2. I (read) this book by tomorrow evening.
3. Thousands of people (see) this exhibition by the end of the month.
4. They (build) their house long before the end of October.
5. They (do) half of the journey when they reach the Volga.
6. I (write) my composition by the time you come back.
7. We've got five days in Leningrad: we are leaving on Monday; but I'm sure that we
(see) everything of importance by then.
194. Put the verb in brackets into the Present Indefinite, the Future Indefinite and the
Future Perfect
1. I (suppose) when I (come) back in two years' time they (pull) down all these old
houses.
2. "Your face (be) dirty, Tom." "All right, I (wash) it."
3. "You have just missed the last train." "Never mind, I (walk)."
4. When we (take) our exams we (have) a holiday.
5. "You (know) the way to the Bolshoi Theatre?" "No." "Then I (show) you."
6. By the time you (finish) cooking they (do) their work.
7. "May I use your phone to ring for a taxi?" "Oh, there is no need for that; my son
(drive) you home."
8. By the time he (come) they (go).
9. I still (be) here next summer but Tom (leave).
10. I hope it (stop) snowing by tomorrow morning.
11. If you (think) it over you (see) I am right.
12. Tm going to Hyde Park to hear the people making speeches." "You (be) late. By
the time you (get) there they (finish) their speeches and everybody (go) home.
127
THE FASSIVE VOICE
195. Put the following into the Passive mentioning the agent where necessary.
I. 1. We hear a sound of a violin in the hall. 2. His father always praises him when he
works hard. 3. My sister often takes Bob for his brother. 4. My mother wakens me at 7
o'clock every morning.
П. 1. She found the envelope at last behind the dining-room clock. 2.1 bought this
book a week ago. 3. A great artist painted this picture 4. John broke the window the other day.
III.1.1 shall post that letter tomorrow. 2. They will discuss your report next week. 3.
The secretary will change our time-table in a week. 4. Tom will meet us at the station.
IV.l.The secretary has recently brought this letter. 2. Jack has just spilled the milk. 3.
My little brother has broken this cup. 4. She has dusted the room awfully.
V. 1. He felt better when he had reached the post office, bought a registered envelope
and posted the letter. 2. By the time the director came she had typed the letters. 3. They went
home after they had finished the work. 4. He wondered why we had not visited him before.
VI. 1. Our scientists are examining a new spaceship. 2. Our friends are
making preparations to meet them. 3. They are preparing the meal now.
4. Tom and Harry were carrying our suitcases.
VII. 1. They showed her the shortest way to the station. 2. My mother taught me
English. 3. We asked the lecturer a few questions about Shakespeare. 4. Tom has just told me
a| nice story. 5. She lent me this book last Tuesday. 6. My friend gave me a good piece of
advice how to do it. 7. The postman delivers us the newspapers and the magazines every day
about eight o'clock in the morning. 8. She told us her name after we had asked her twice. 9.1
sent her brother a telegram.
VШ. 1.1 sent my daughter for the doctor. 2. We listened to the teacher very
attentively. 3. We spoke much about his speech. 4. His friend always found fault with him. 5.
We often refer to this article. 6. They agreed upon the plan. 7. People often ask for this book.
8. My friends always take care of my little sister. 9. They took no notice of his words. 10.
They will listen to his lectures with great interest 11. His friends always laugh at him. 12. We
have never lived in this house. 13. A distinguished surgeon will operate on my sister.
196. Put the verb in brackets into the Past Indefinite in the Active or in the Passive
Voice.
1. A note (bring) in, addressed to Eleanor, and (put) on a table to await her. 2. When
the door (close), old Jolyon (drop) his paper, and (stare) long and anxiously in front of him. 3.
To his knowing eyes the scene below easily (explain). 4. Then the door (shut) behind him. 5.
Finally his name (call), and the boy (push) forward to her. 6. Taking the lamp, they (go) into
the woodshed where the coal (deposit). 7. Finally he (persuade) by Bass to go away. 8. But
when autumn (come) the cows (drive) home from the grass. 9.1 (lead) the way up and as I
(reach) the top, the door (open) by Mr. Smith. 10. At lunch nothing (discuss) but the latest
news. 11. Bass, a very much astonished boy, (set) free. 12. "Will you work on this new job all
128
your life?" The question (ask) with sincere interest. 13. Jerry (know) he (hide) by darkness
and the massive foliage. She (tap) on the door. John (open) it. 14. For the few first minutes he
(occupy) with eating; then as his appetite (quiet), he (take) his time. 15. The living-room
(sweep), (mop) and (dust).
197. Put the verb in brackets into the Past Indefinite, the Past Continuous and the Past
Perfect in the Active or in the Passive Voice.
1. Each of the children (receive) a due share of Mrs. Gerhardt's attention. The little
baby closely (look) after her. 2. From the clink of dishes one could tell that supper (prepare) 3.
He (take) them out to the house, and George (show) the way to the office. 4. The front door of
his house (unlock) as he (leave) it. S. Mrs. Brown (come) to inform her that dinner already
(serve). 6. His phrase (greet) by a strange laugh from a student who (sit) near the wall. 7.
Jennie (leave) alone, but, like the wood-dove, she (be) a voice of sweetness in the summertime. 8. Anne (not see) Henry until the party (seat). 9. In the meantime the evening meal
(announce), and she (go) out and (join) the family. 10. Lester (not attend) the wedding,
though he (invite). 11. While the supper (eat) Sebastian (offer) a suggestion to go there
immediately. 12. Anne (shake) by the incredible change of his tone. 13. She (want) things not
so much for herself as for her child, and she (be) anxious to do whatever she (tell). 14. The
house (look) after with scrupulous care by others, for Jennie (be) incapable of attending to it
herself. 15. As she (come) to the carriage the door (open) and she (see) a woman there. 16.
When the phone (ring) I (reach) for the phone, and (tell) I (call) from Moscow. 17. In the
meanwhile Jennie (leave) to brood. 18. At the very second the beautiful music she (listen) to
(listen) by everyone who (be) there. 19. Mark (open) his eyes hard, (shake) his head, and
(look) at the other bed. It (not sleep) in. 20. James (pick) his way among the heaps of gravel
— the drive (lay) — till he (come) opposite the porch.
198. Translate the sentences into English.
1. Эта книга скоро будет переиздана.
2. Меня прервал Джон.
3. Его всегда любили, и ему всегда доверяли.
4. О ней заботятся ее друзья.
5. Было 7 часов, и зал уже был заполнен.
6. Дверь открыла пожилая женщина, и Джейн ввели в маленькую гостиную.
7. Кровать была пуста. На ней не спали.
8. Об этом фильме много говорят.
9. Пока готовился завтрак, мать пошла к постели ребенка.
10. Том, что случилось? Тебя ушибли?
11. Аню спрашивали, когда я вошла в комнату, где шел экзамен.
12. Ей дадут квартиру в этом доме.
13. "Где врач?" — прошептал он. "За ним послали".
14. Они позвонили, и их впустили.
15. К концу этой недели его имя будет известно каждому.
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16. Его давно не видели.
17. Вам следует делать так, как вам сказали.
18. Не говорите моему мужу, что меня рисуют.
19. Мне сказали, что около железнодорожного моста строятся два новых дома.
20. Он узнает, почему его туда посылают.
21. Лекции этого профессора всегда слушают с большим интересом.
22. "Куда он ушел?" — "Мне не сказали".
DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH
Indirect speech: statements
199.With indirect speech, when the person addressed is mentioned, tell is more
usual than say to as an introductory verb. For example:
He told me that he was going away the next day is more usual than
He said to me that he was going away the next day.
1. 1 have something to show you,' I said to her.
2. 'Nothing grows in my garden. It never gets any sun,' she said.
3. I'm going away tomorrow, mother,' he said.
4. I've been in London for a month but so far I haven't had time to visit the Tower,'
said Rupert.
5. It isn't so foggy today as it was yesterday,' I remarked.
6. 'The new underpass is being officially opened the day after tomorrow, 'said the
BBC announcer.
7. 'We have moved into our new flat. We don't like it nearly so much as our last
one,' said my aunt.
8. 'We have a lift but very often it doesn't work,' they said.
9. 'From one of the windows of my flat I can see the Eiffel Tower,' he said.
10. I've no idea what the time is but I'll dial 8081 and find out,' said his daughter.
11. He said, 'My wife has just been made a judge.'
12. I'll come with you as soon as I am ready,' she replied.
13. I have a German lesson this afternoon and I haven't done my homework yet,' said
the small boy.
14. If you let the iron get too hot you will scorch your clothes,' I warned her.
15. 'You haven't given me quite enough. The bill is for Ј14 and you've paid me only
Ј13,' he pointed out.
16. Ann said, 'Englishmen make good husbands because they are nearly always
willing to help in the house.'
17. Mary answered, I like men to be useful but I don't like them to be too
domesticated. I prefer them to keep out of the kitchen altogether. Men look silly in
aprons anyway.'
18. Motoring report: The new Rolls Royce runs so quietly that all you can hear is the
ticking of the clock. Managing director of the Rolls Royce company: In that case
we'll have to do something about the clock.
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19. 1 don't know what to do with all my plums. I suppose I'll have to make jam. The
trouble is that none of us eats jam,' she said.
20. 'We like working on Sundays because we get double pay,' explained the builders.
21. He said, I am quite a good cook and I do all my own washing and mending too.'
22. 'You can keep that one if you like, Joan,' he said. I've got plenty of others.'
23. I'm going fishing with mother this afternoon,' said the small boy, 'and we are
going into the garden now to dig for worms.' (Omit now).
24. 'You've got my umbrella,' I said crossly. 'Yours is in your bedroom.'
25. I know exactly what they said,' the private detective explained to his client,
'because I bugged their phone.'
26. I'll sit up till she comes in, but I hope she won't be late,' he said.
27. If you give me some wire, I'll hang that picture for you,' said my cousin.
28. I have a Turkish bath occasionally, but it doesn't seem to make any difference to
my weight.,' she said.
29. This is quite a good model, madam. I use one of these myself,' said the salesman.
30. 'My new house is supposed to be haunted, but so far I haven't seen any ghosts,'
she said.
31. The advertisement said: «If you answer the questions correctly you may win
Ј100.'
32. If I press my ear against the wall, I can hear what the people in the next flat are
saying,' he said.
Indirect speech: statements
200.Some tenses/forms do not change when direct speech becomes indirect:
'I wish my children would eat vegetables,' she said.
She (said she) wished her children would eat vegetables.
1. I couldn't get into the house because I had lost my key, so I had to break a
window,' he said.
2. 'The mirror is there so that you can see yourself when you are dancing,' the
instructress told him.
3. I wrote to him the day before yesterday. I wonder why he hasn't rung up,' she
said.
4. If the ground is dry on the day of the race, my horse might win,' said the owner.
5. 'You'd better slow down. There's a speed limit here,' she said to me. (Use advise.)
6. If Tom wants seats, he'd better apply early,' she said.
7. 'We walked 50 miles last night to see the Minister and protest about our rents
being raised. He was very polite and promised to do what he could for us,' said one
of the tenants.
8. 'They should put traffic lights here, otherwise there'11 be more accidents,' she
said.
9. It's time we began training for our next match,' the coach said to them.
10. If you leave home at six, you should be here by nine,' he said to me.
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11. If it rains this afternoon it will be too wet to play the match tomorrow,' the
captain said.
12. I meant to plug in the electric blanket but I plugged in the electric kettle by
mistake. I'm always doing silly things like that,' she told her guest.
13. I was intending to do it tomorrow,' he said, 'but now I don't think I'll be able to.'
14. 'Bill should do very well at the university, Mrs Smith,' said the headmaster. 'He's
done very well here.'
15. I don't think your father likes me,' said the young wifе. 'You mustn't think that,'
said her husband; 'it is just that he is old and finds it hard to get used to new
people.' (Leave mustn't unchanged. )
16. 'The steak is overdone again. I'm not complaining; I'm just pointing it out,' said
her husband. 'I wish you'd stop pointing things out,' said his wife.
17. 'They couldn't open the safe on the spot so they carried it away with them,' the
night watchman reported.
18. If you saw my father, you'd recognize him at once. He is the most extraordinarylooking man,' she said to me.
19. I found an old Roman coin in the garden yesterday,' he said, 'and I'm going to
take it to the museum this afternoon.'
20. He said, I got out of my boat, leaving the engine running, but while I was
standing on the quay the gears suddenly engaged themselves and the boat went
straight out of the harbour with no one on board.'
21. Then Macbeth enters and says, I have done the deed.'
22. 'Would you like me to go with you?' I said.
I'd rather go alone,' he answered.
23. My brother said, 'You may take my car if you like. I shan't be needing it
tomorrow or the day after. '
24. 'Yesterday Tom and I went to look at a house that he was thinking of buying. It
was rather a nice house and had a lovely garden but Tom decided against it
because it was opposite a cemetery,' said Celia.
25. He said, 'My wife wants to take a job but I'd rather she concentrated on our
home.'
26. I don't know what your father will say when he sees what a mess your puppies
have made of this five-pound note,' said my mother.
27. It's high time you passed your test; I'm tired of driving round with an L-plate on
the front of the car,' my sister said.
28. I wish you'd seen it,' I said to her.
Indirect speech: questions
201.Put the following into indirect speech. The first ten questions require no
change of order:
He said, 'What is happening?'
He asked what was happening.
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1. 'What happened to Mr Budd?' said one of the men.
2. 'Which of his sons inherited his estate?' asked another.
3. 'Who is going to live in the big house?' enquired a third.
4. 'What will happen to his racehorses?' asked someone else.
5. 'Which team has won?' asked Ann.
6. 'Which team won the previous match?' said Bill.
7. 'Who is playing next week?' he asked.
8. 'Who will be umpiring that match?' asked Tom.
9. 'Who wants a lift home?' said Ann.
10. 'Who has just dropped a Ј10 note?' I asked.
11. 'Where is the ticket office?' asked Mrs. Jones.
12. 'What shall I do with my heavy luggage?' she said. (Use should.)
13. 'What platform does the train leave from?' asked Bill.
14.'When does it arrive in York?' he asked.
15. 'When was the timetable changed?' I asked.
16. 'Why has the 2.30 train been cancelled?' said Ann.
17. 'How much does a day return to Bath cost?' Mrs. Jones asked.
18. 'Why does the price go up so often?' she wondered.
19. 'How can I get from the station to the airport?' said Bill.
20. 'When are you coming back?' I asked them.
21. Is a return ticket cheaper than two singles?' said my aunt.
22. 'Do puppies travel free?' asked a dog owner.
23. 'Can I bring my dog into the compartment with me?' she asked.
24. 'Does this train stop at York?' asked Bill.
25. 'Can you telephone from inter-city trains?' said the businessman.
26. 'Does the 2.40 have a restaurant car?' he enquired.
27. 'Can you get coffee on the train?' asked my aunt.
28. 'Do they bring it round on a trolley?' she said.
29. 'Are there smoking compartments?' said the man with the pipe.
30. 'Have you reserved a seat?' I asked him.
Extra exercise: read the last twenty questions, using one of the following prefaces:
I wonder/I'd like to know/Do you know?/Have you any idea?/Can you tell
me?
'Do you know where the ticket office is?'
'I wonder what I should do with my heavy luggage.'
Indirect speech: questions
202.A new student, Paul, has come to the college and the other students are asking
him questions. Imagine that he reports these questions later to an English friend:
I Bill asked what country I came from.
1 .'What country do you come from?' said Bill.
2 .'How long have you been here?' said Ann.
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3. 'Are you working as well as studying?' asked Peter.
4. 'Have you got a work permit?' Bill wanted to know.
5. 'What are you going to study?' asked Ann.
6. 'Have you enrolled for more than one class?' said Peter.
7. 'Do you want to buy any second-hand books?' said Bill.
8. 'Have you seen the library?' asked Ann.
9. 'Do you play rugby?' said Peter.
10. 'Will you have time to play regularly?' he went on.
11. 'Did you play for your school team?' said Bill.
12. 'Are you interested in acting?' asked Ann.
13. 'Would you like to join our Drama Group?' she said.
14.'What do you think of the canteen coffee?' asked Peter.
15. 'How long has it been a mixed school?'
16. 'Do you like the headmaster?'
17. Is he a scientist or an arts graduate?'
18. 'How many children are there in the school?'
19. 'How big are the classes?'
20. 'Are the classes streamed?'
21. 'What is the academic standard like?'
22. 'Can parents visit the school at any time?'
23. Is there a good art department?'
24. 'Do they teach music?'
25. 'What instruments can the children learn?'
26. Is there a school orchestra?'
27. 'Do they act plays?'
28. 'What sort of plays have they done?'
29. 'What games do they play?'
30. 'Are the playing fields near the school?'
31. 'Are they taught to swim?'
32. 'Can the children get dinner at school?'
33. Is the food good?'
34. Is there a Parent-Teacher Association?'
35. 'How often does it meet?'
36. 'Were your own boys happy at the school?'
Indirect speech: questions
203.
1. 'Why are you looking through the keyhole?' I said.
2. 'Who put salt in my coffee?' he asked.
3. 'Which of you knows how to make Irish stew?' said the chief cook.
4. 'Why did you travel first class?' I asked him.
5. 'How can I run in high-heeled shoes?' she enquired.
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6. 'What is your new house like?' I asked them.
7. He said, 'Where am I supposed to go now?' (Omit now.)
8. 'Whose car did you borrow last night?' I said to him.
9. 'What was she wearing when you saw her last?' the policeman asked me.
10. 'Who owns this revolver?' said the detective.
11. 'Where were you last night, Mr. Jones?' he said.
12. 'What else did you see?' I asked the boy.
13. 'Have you done this sort of work before?' said his new employer.
14. 'Can you read the last line on the chart?' the oculist asked her.
15. 'Did they understand what you said to them?' he asked me.
16. 'Are you being attended to, sir?' said the shop assistant.
17. 'Will you go on strike when the others do?' the shop steward asked him.
18. 'Do you see what I see, Mary?' said the young man.
19. 'Who left the banana skin on the front doorstep?' said my mother.
20. 'Have you gone completely mad?' I asked. 'Do you want to blow us all up?'
21. 'Why is your house so full of antiques?' she asked. 'Was your father a collector?'
22. 'Are you leaving today or tomorrow morning?' said his secretary.
23. 'How far is it?' I said, 'and how long will it take me to get there?'
24. 'Could I speak to Mrs Pitt?' said the caller.
I'm afraid she's out,' said the au pair girl. 'Could I take a message?'
25. 'Are you sorry for what you did?' the mother asked the little boy.
26. 'Are you going to see him off at the station?' I asked her.
27. 'Would you mind if I looked inside your bag, Madam?' said the policeman.
28. If someone fell at your feet foaming at the mouth would you know what to do?'
said the instructor in First Aid.
29. 'Why do you think it may be dangerous?' he asked her.
30 'Do you know that the shoes you are wearing aren't a pair?' I asked him.
Indirect speech: commands, requests, advice expressed by object + infinitive
Indirect commands, requests, etc. are normally expressed by tell, order, ask, beg,
advise, remind, warn, etc., with the person addressed and the infinitive. Change the
following direct commands into indirect commands using this construction.
Remember that the
person addressed is often not mentioned in a direct command:
He said, 'Go away',
but must be mentioned in an indirect command:
He told me ( Tom/us/them, etc. ) to go away.
204.
1. 'Switch off the TV,' he said to her.
2. 'Shut the door, Tom,' she said.
135
3. 'Lend me your pen for a moment,' I said to Mary.
4. 'Don't watch late-night horror movies,' I warned them.
5. 'Don't believe everything you hear,' he warned me.
6. 'Please fill up this form,' the secretary said.
7. 'Don't hurry,' I said.
8. 'Don't touch that switch, Mary,' I said.
9. 'Open the safe!' the raiders ordered the bank clerk.
10. 'Please do as I say,' he begged me.
11. 'Help your mother, Peter,' Mr Pitt said.
12. 'Don't make too much noise, children,' he said.
13. 'Do whatever you like,' she said to us.
14. 'Don't miss your train,' she warned them.
15. 'Read it before you sign it,' he said to his client.
16. 'Do sing it again,' he said.
17. 'Don't put your hands near the bars,' the zoo keeper warned us.
18. 'Buy a new car,' I advised him.
19. 'Don't drive too fast,' she begged him.
20. 'Don't lean your bicycles against my windows, boys,' said the shopkeeper.
21. 'Come to the cinema with me,' he asked her.
22. 'Cook it in butter,' I advised her.
23. 'Don't touch the gates, madam,' said the lift operator.
24. 'Don't argue with me,' the teacher said to the boy.
25. 'Pull as hard as you can,' he said to him.
26. 'Send for the Fire Brigade,' the manager said to the porter.
27. 'Don't lend her anything,' he advised us.
28. 'Make a list of what you want,' she told us.
29. 'Look at the paper,' he said to her.
30. 'Stand clear of the doors,' a voice warned the people on the platform.
31. 'See if you can find any mushrooms, children,' she said.
32. 'Don't go alone,' I warned her.
33. 'Pay at the cash desk, 'the shop assistant said to the customer.
34. The notice said, 'Leave this space clear.'
35. 'Remember to write to your mother, 'I said to them.
36 .'Think well before you answer,' the detective warned her.
INDIRECT SPEECH: COMMANDS, REQUESTS, ADVICE
205. Put the following into indirect speech. In most cases the person addressed
must be supplied.
1. He said, 'Get out of my way.'
2. 'Climb in through the window,' he ordered.
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3. 'Please pay at the desk,' said the assistant.
4. 'Open your bag, please,' said the store detective.
5. 'Don't worry about anything, Mrs Pitt,' said her solicitor. 'Leave it all to me.'
6. 'Don't use bent coins in a slot machine,' I warned him.
7. 'Follow that car,' the detective said to the taxi-driver.
8. 'Wash it in lukewarm water,' recommended the assistant.
9. 'Have confidence in me,' urged the doctor.
10. 'Take me up to the 33rd floor,' he said to the liftman.
11. 'Read the notice about life-saving equipment,' advised the air-hostess.
12. 'Always cook with butter,' said her mother, 'never use margarine.'
13. 'Don't argue with your father,' I said.
14. 'Remember to prune the roses,' said my aunt.
15. 'Wait for me at the bridge,' said the young man.
16. 'Don't eat too much starch,' I advised her, 'and avoid fried food.'
17. 'Don't say anything to make her angry,' said my father.
18. Notice: Please do not ask at the desk for change for telephone calls.
19. 'Don't forget to feed the goldfish,' Mary said to her brother.
20. 'Cross the line by the footbridge,' said the porter.
21. 'Write to me as often as you can,' said his wife.
22. 'Put your pistol on the table,' said the crook.
23. 'Please book me a seat in a non-smoker,' said the traveller.
24. 'Don't forget your sandwiches,' said his mother.
25. 'Don't go near the water, children,' she said.
26. 'Search the house,' said the police sergeant.
27. 'Don't make mountains out of molehills,' he said.
28. 'Put down that gun. It's loaded,' she warned
Indirect speech: commands, requests, advice
206. Put the following into indirect speech, joining the sentences together with
as, and, but or for.
1. 'Make good use of your time. You won't get such an opportunity again,' he said
to us.
2. 'Don't wait till tomorrow,' said the advertisement, 'post the coupon at once.'
3. 'Be very careful crossing roads,' she said, 'and remember to drive on the right.'
4. 1 can't open it. You have a try, Peter,' he said.
5. 'Go and get me a paper, and come straight back,' he said to me.
6. 'Someone's coming. Get into the cupboard,' she said.
7. 'Give way to traffic approaching from your right,' the road sign warned us.
8. 'Please, please send whatever you can spare,' said the secretary of the disaster
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fund.
9. 'Wear a wig if you don't want to be recognized,' I advised him.
10. 'Don't bathe when the red flag is flying,' said the lifeguard.
11. 'Don't forget to thank Mrs. Jones when you are saying goodbye to her,' said his
mother.
12. 'Watch the milk and don't let it boil over,' he said.
13. 'Don't shelter under a tree in a thunderstorm,' he said. The tree might be struck by
lightning.'
14. 'Put the message into a bottle and throw it into the sea,' he said.
15. 'Read it for yourself if you don't believe what I say,' he told me.
16. 'Don't forget to use your indicators,' said the driving instructor.
17. 'Don't drive too fast or the baby 11 be sick,' she said to her husband.
18. 'Do make the coffee a bit stronger,' I begged. It was terribly weak last night.'
19. 'Beware of pickpockets,' said a huge notice.
20. 'Smell this. Do you think it has gone bad?' she said.
21. 'Don't take your coat off. We are going out again in a moment, she told him.
22. 'Stand by the window and tell me if anyone goes into the house opposite,' he said.
23. 'Don't move till the policeman waves you on,' said the driving instructor.
24. 'Don't touch it. You will only make it worse, 'he told me.
25. 'Be careful; the steps are very slippery,' I warned him.
26. 'Ask your boss to ring me back,' I said. 'My number is 1234567.'
'Could you repeat that, please?' said the girl.
27. 'Don't work too fast,' said the foreman. If we finish before six we shan't get any
overtime.'
28. 'Prepare to meet your doom. The end of the world is at hand,' said the placard.
29. 'Remember to put the brake on,' the instructor said.
30. 'Would you please take off your shoes?' Keiko said to him.
Indirect speech: commands, requests, invitations, offers, advice
207. Put the following into indirect speech using ask, advise, invite, offer,
remind, tell, warn.
1. 'Would you like to have lunch with me on Sunday?' he said to me.
2. 'Would you like a cigarette?' said one of the guests.
3. 'Would you mind not smoking between courses?' said their hostess.
4. Take these letters to the post, will you? And shut the door as you out,' said the
boss.
5. 'Will you help me, please?' she said. 1 can't reach the top shelf.'
6. 'This is a horrible room. Why don't you ask for something better?' he said.
7. If I were you I'd try to get a room on the top floor,' he said.
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8. I'll wait for you if you like,' she said.
9. 'Remember to switch off when you've finished,' he said.
10. 'You might check these figures for me,' he said.
11. 'You'd better apologize for being late,' said my mother.
12. 'Could you check the oil, please?' I asked the mechanic.
13. 1 wish you'd sit still!' said the artist. 'How do you expect me to paint you when
you keep jerking your head?'
14. 'Why don't you go by train? It's much less tiring than driving,' I said.
15. Hotel notice:-Will guests please not play radios loudly after midnight?
16. 'Would you like to wait here?' said the receptionist, showing me into the waiting
room.
17. 'You must see this exhibition!' said all my friends.
18. 1 should plant daffodils, if I were you,' I said to them.
19. If you'd just sign the back of the cheque,' said the bank clerk.
20. I'd be very grateful if you'd forward my letters while I am away,' he said.
21. Police announcement: Will anyone who saw this accident please get in touch with
their nearest police station?
22. 'Don't leave your room at night,' he said. 'Our host's dogs might mistake you for a
burglar.'
23. 'Answer this letter for me, will you?' he said. 'And remember to keep a copy.'
24. 'Would you mind moving your car?' he said. It's blocking my gate.'
25. (in a letter) 'Perhaps you'd let me know when your new stock comes in.' (Mrs
Jones...)
26. Notice on board: The first team will report to the gymnasium for weight-training.
(The coach...)
27. 'Could you sew on this button for me?' Tom asked Ann.
'You'd better sew it on yourself,' said Mary. 'Buttons sewn on by Ann usually
come off the next day.'
28. If you will kindly sit down the fortune-teller will be with you in a moment,' the
girl said.
Indirect speech: questions, requests, invitations, offers, advice
Remember that Why don't you? can be an ordinary question or advice/suggestion.
Treat it here as advice.
208. Put the following into indirect speech.
1. 'Could you get there and back in one day?' I asked. (I asked if he . . .)
2. 1 can't open this tin,' said Ann. 'Shall I do it for you?' said Tom.
3. 'Could you translate this for me, please?' I asked the official.
4. 'Shall we ever meet again?' he wondered.
5. 'Will you be here tomorrow?' she asked. 'Yes,' I answered.
6. 'Could I lose five kilos in a week?' said the fat woman. 'No,' said the doctor.
7. 'Will you have a drink?' he said.
8. 'Why don't you install gas central heating?' said the advertisement. (urge)
139
9. 'Will you read this very carefully, please?' he said to me.
10. 'Shall I tell him what happened?' she asked me.
11. 'Wouldn't you like to look ten years younger?' said the hairdresser.
12. I'm going to Brighton tomorrow,' said Ann.
'So am I,' said Tom. 'Would you like a lift?' (Tom said he was too and...)
13. 'Can I have a sweet?' said the small boy.
14. 'Can we stay up till the end of the programme?' said the children.
15. 'Could I have the weekend off?' he asked his boss.
16. 'Could I leave early on Friday?' he said.
17. 'Why don't you like pop music?' the teenagers asked him.
18. 'Why don't you take up the oboe again?' said my friends, (advise)
19. 'Where shall I hang my new picture?' he said. 'Would it look well over the
mantelpiece?'
20. 'What shall I do if the car won't start?' I said.
21. 'Have you got enough money? Shall I lend you some?' said my friend.
22. 'Will you be able to guide me or shall I bring a map?' I asked.
23. 'You won't forget to shut the door, will you?' she said. (remind)
24. 'Would you like to see over the house?' I asked her.
25. 'Would you like to peel the potatoes?' said Ann, handing me a knife.
26. I've got two tickets. Would you like to come with me?' he said.
27. 'Can you use a word processor?' he asked. 'No,' I said.
28. 'Would you mind living by yourself for six months?' they asked.
29. 'Would you mind paying cash?' said my landlady when I took out my chequebook.
30. 'Why don't you trust him?' I asked Ann.
1 never trust left-handed men,' she answered.
Indirect speech: commands and questions with if- clauses and time clauses
Questions with if- clauses and time clauses should be reported with the if- clause or
time clause last.
'When/If I see him, what shall I say?' she asked.
She asked what she should say when/if she saw him.
Commands can be reported by tell + infinitive + if- clause/time clause.
But sometimes (as in nos. 5 and 10 below) this would produce a rather clumsy
sentence. It is then advisable to use say/said that + if- clause/time clause +
be/should + infinitive:
'If /When you see him, ask him to ring me,' she said.
She said that if/when I saw him I was to ask him to ring her.
was to expresses a definite command; should implies advice.
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209.
1. He said, 'When you are at the butcher's remember to get a bone for the dog.'
2. She said, "If you feel faint sit down and put your head between your knees.'
3. If I find your purse what shall I do with it?' he said.
'Keep it till you see me again,' I replied.
4. She said, If he arrives before I get back give him something to drink.'
5. If anyone rings up,' she said, 'say that I'll be back shortly.'
6. 'When you are driving always look in your driving mirror before turning right,'
said my instructor.
7. 'Leave the key under the mat if you go out,' she said.
8. If you think the room is cold shut the windows,' said my aunt.
9. If you feel lonely any time ring me up,' he said.
10. If she doesn't eat meat, offer her an omelette,' he said.
11. 'Get the car off the road on to the verge if you have a puncture.
Don't leave it on the road,' said my father.
12. If I am not back by this time tomorrow, take this letter to the police,' he said.
13. 'When you see Mrs Pitt don't forget to thank her,' she said to her husband.
14. 'When the bell rings take the meat out of the oven,' my sister said.
15. If you are taken prisoner,' said the officer, 'give your name, rank and number but
refuse to answer any other questions.'
16. 'When you hear the fire alarm, shut all windows and go downstairs as quickly as
possible,' said the schoolmaster.
17. If the lift should stop between two floors press the emergency button,' he said.
18. 'Before you allow anyone to use the Turkish bath remember to ask him if he has a
weak heart,' said the senior attendant.
19. If the police stop me, what shall I say?' she asked.
20. 'What shall I do if he refuses to let me in?' she said.
'Write a note and push it under the door,' I said.
21. 'What will happen if the strike continues?' he said.
22. If it goes on snowing, how'll we get food?' wondered the housewives.
23. 'When the rain stops, can we go out?' said the children.
24. 'When you've completed one section, go on to the next,' the teacher said.
25. If you don't like the programme, switch to another channel,' I said I to her.
26. If I lose my traveller's cheques, will the bank repay me?' I asked.
27. If the noise gets worse, you'd better complain to the police,' he said to me.
28. 'As soon as you find a hotel, ring me and give me the address,' he said.
Indirect speech: suggestions
Part I Write the following in indirect speech, in ordinary narrative form.
Ann suggested having a party on the next Saturday. Mary agreed and asked who they
should invite.
Report 'Why don't we ... ?' as a suggestion and 'Why don't you . . .?'
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as suggestion or advice. Report 'Why not?' in no. 9 as agreed.
210.
1. Ann: What about having a party on Saturday?
2. Mary: Yes, let's. Who shall we invite?
3. Ann: Let's not make a list. Let's just invite everybody.
4. Mary: We don't want to do too much cooking, so what about making it a wine
and
cheese party?
5. Ann: Suppose we ask everybody to bring a bottle?
6. Mary: Shall we hire glasses from our local wine shop? We haven't many left.
7. Ann: If it's warm, how about having the party in the garden?
8. Mary: Why not have a barbecue?
9. Ann: Why not? We could ask Paul to do the cooking.
10. Mary: Last time we had a barbecue the neighbours complained about the noise.
Shall we ask everyone to speak in whispers?
11. Ann: Suppose we go round to the neighbours and apologize in advance this time?
12. Mary: Why not invite the neighbours? Then the noise won't matter.
13. Ann: What a clever idea! Shall we start ringing everyone up tonight?
14. Mary: What about working out how much it will cost first?
Part 2 Put the following into indirect speech.
15. 'What about a round-the-world cruise?' suggested Mrs. Smith.
'What about renting a caravan? It's all we can afford,' said her husband.
16. 'Suppose you complain, Ann?' I said. 'The boss is more likely to listen to you than
to any of us.'
17. 'You used to be a good tennis player,' she reminded him. 'Why don't you take it
up again?'
18. 'Shall we talk there? It's not far,' he said. 'Yes, let's,' I said.
19. 'What about joining a weaving class?' Ann said to me. 'There's one starting soon.'
20. 'Let's organize a sponsored cycle race,' said the children.
'What about a sponsored silence?' said the teacher with a grin.
21. 'Where shall we meet?' I said. 'What about the hotel?' said Bill.
22. 'Suppose you ring him, Ann, and ask him what he thinks of the idea?' I said.
23. I'm doing most of the work,' I pointed out. 'What about giving me a hand?'
24. 'Let's leave the washing-up till tomorrow,' he suggested. I hate washing up last
thing
at night.'
25. 'Suppose the children go on an adventure holiday this summer?' suggested the
father.
26. 'Why don't you ask them what they'd like to do?' I said.
27. 'Shall we begin training for the next London Marathon?' said Bill.
'I've no intention of running in marathons,' I said. 'Why don't you ask Paul?'
28. 'Why don't you put an advertisement in the local paper?' they suggested to me.
Indirect speech: mixed types
142
211.Put the following into indirect speech, avoiding as far as possible the verbs say,
ask and tell and choosing instead from the following:
accept, accuse, admit, advise, agree, apologize, assure, beg, call (=summon), call
(+noun/pronoun+noun), complain, congratulate, deny, exclaim, explain, give,
hope, insist, introduce, invite, offer, point out, promise, protest, refuse, remark,
remind, suggest, thank, threaten, warn, wish.
1. He said, 'Don't walk on the ice; it isn't safe.'
2. 'Miss Brown, this is Miss White. Miss White, Miss Brown,' he said.
3. 'Here are the car keys. You'd better wait in the car,' he said to her.
4. 'Please, please, don't tell anyone,' she said.
I won't, I promise,' I said.
5. 'Would you like my torch?' I said, holding it out.
'No, thanks,' he said. I have one of my own.' {Omit thanks)
6. Tom: I'll pay.
Ann: Oh no, you mustn't!
Tom: I insist on paying!
7. 'Come in and look round. There's no obligation to buy,' said the shopkeeper.
8. If you don't pay the ransom, we'll kill the boy,' said the kidnappers.
9. I won't answer any questions,' said the arrested man.
10. 'He expects a lot of work for very little money,' complained one of the typists.
'Yes, he does,' agreed the other.
11. I wish it would rain,' she said.
12. 'You pressed the wrong button,' said the mechanic. 'Don't do it again. You might
have a nasty accident.'
13. 'Your weight's gone up a lot!' I exclaimed.
'I'm afraid it has,' she said sadly.
14 .1 hope you'll have a good journey,' he said. 'Don't forget to send a card when you
arrive.'
15. 'Hurrah! I've passed the first exam!' he exclaimed.
'Congratulations!' I said, 'and good luck with the second.'
16. 'All right, I'll wait a week,' she said. (Omit all right)
17. 'Many happy returns of your birthday!' we said.
'Thanks,' said the boy.
18. 'Your door is the shabbiest in the street, 'said the neighbour.
It is,' I said.
19. 'Cigarette?''Thanks,' I said.
20. I'll sell the TV set if you keep quarrelling about the programme,' said their
mother.
'No, don't do that! We won't quarrel any more,' said the children.
21. I'll give you Ј500 to keep your mouth shut,' he said to me.
22. I'll wait for you, I promise,' he said to me.
23. I'm sorry I'm late,' she said. 'The bus broke down.'
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24. 'You've been leaking information to the Press!' said his colleagues.
'No, I haven't,' he said. 'Liar!' said Tom.
25. I'll drop you from the team if you don't train harder,' said the captain.
26. If the boys do anything clever, you call them your sons,' complained his wife.
'But if they do anything stupid, you call them mine.'
27. 'Let's have a rest,' said Tom.
'Yes, let's,' said Ann.
28. 'Ugh! There's a slug in my lettuce. Waiter!' he cried.
Indirect to direct speech
Put the following into direct speech, using dialogue form:
Tom: Would you like to come for a drive tomorrow, Ann?
Ann: I'd love to etc.
212.Trip to Stratford
Tom invited Ann to come for a drive the following day.
Ann accepted with pleasure and asked where he was thinking of going.
He said he'd leave it to her.
She suggested Stratford . . .adding that she hadn't been there for ages.
Tom agreed and said that they might go on the river if it was a fine day.
Ann wondered what was on at the Royal Shakespeare Theatre.
Tom said they'd find out when they got there ...
Adding that it was usually possible to get seats on the day of the play.
He asked Ann if she could be ready by ten.
Ann said with regret that she couldn't as she had to type a report first.
Tom expressed horror at the idea of working on Saturday . . .
and advised her to change her job.
She told him not to be ridiculous and explained that . . . she had volunteered to type
the report in return for a free afternoon the following week.
She pointed out that she hadn't known that he was going to ask her out.
Tom said he supposed it was all right but . . .
warned her not to make a habit of volunteering for weekend work.
Ann promised not to.
Tom said gloomily that he supposed she'd be busy all morning.
Ann assured him that she'd be finished by 11.00 and . . .
offered to meet him at the bus stop at Hyde Park Corner.
Tom said that it wasn't a very good meeting place and that he'd call for her.
Ann said that that was very kind of him and that she'd be waiting in the hall.
213. Hill climb
Tom suggested climbing to the top, adding that the view from there was marvellous
...
but Ann said that they'd been climbing for three hours and that she was too tired to go
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any further.
She suggested that Tom should go on up while she went down and waited there.
Tom agreed and handed her the car keys, advising her to wait in the car.
He promised to be as quick as he could.
Ann said that if he was too long there'd be no lunch left, for she'd have eaten it all.
More exercises on indirect speech
214.
I. 1. "I look upon him as a friend," says Tom. 2. "Ernie's an educated man," remarks Florrie.
3. "John never seems low or depressed," says Jane. 4. Tm a great reader," says Tony. 5. "Jack
is on the terrace. He is playing chess with his brother," says Nelly. 6. "Charles is in the
nursery. He is drawing something," says Anna. 7. "I can't understand what he is talking
about," replies Bessie. 8. "They will be ready soon," says Eliza. 9. TU tell you when I'll be
back," Nora says to Jack. 10. "He will be glad to go back," she says. 11. "You have known
me long," Barbara says to Martha. 12. "You're the best assistant I've ever had, Sheppey," he
says. 13. "What you have just told me is very surprising," John says to Constance. 14. "He
was born in Moscow," she says. 15. "We did not have dinner there," say the boys. 16. "I was
so thrilled and excited by the opera," Stella says to Maurice. 17. "When I came Jane was
playing the piano," says Kitty. 18. "When the doorbell rang I was writing a letter to John,"
says George.
П. 1. "He always has dinner there," she said. 2. "He has a great desire of self-control,"
she said. 3. "I'm quite prepared to stay up until Mrs. Maurice comes in," said Stella. 4. "I'm
sorry to disturb you," Tom said to Eliza. 5. "I'm her guest at the moment," he said. 6. "You are
the very person we want, Thornton," said Pearl. 7. "John always comes home to luncheon,"
said Martha. 8. "I don't think anyone can accuse me of not being frank," said Martha. 9. "I am
learning French," said Florrie. 10. "The taxi is waiting," Bentley said to Constance. 11.
"Florrie, you'll strain your eyes reading too much," said Mrs. Miller. 12. "I'll be back in five
minutes," said Arnold. 13. "I'll be all right in a minute," said Bessie. 14. "I'll go in and see him
before I go to bed," said Stella. 15. "You wont be able to see me on Tuesday," she said to
Jack. 16. "We shall not do that," he said 17. "I shall wait for Sheppey," said Bolton. 18 "Whatever the future may have in store I shall never forget your courage, your self-sacrifice,
and your patience," Mrs. Tabret said to Stella. 19. "I'm deeply grateful for all you've done for
Maurice," Mrs. Tabret said to Stella. 20. "You've been kindness itself to me," Stella said to
Mrs. Tabret. 21. "I've never set eyes on him in my life," she said. 22. "Everyone took me for
an Englishman," he said 23. "It was so nice of you to look in," she said to Harvester. 24. "You
startled me," Stella said to Mrs. Tabret. 25. "I asked Jack some very interesting questions,"
John said to Nelly.
III. a. 1. 'You behaved very badly yesterday," Pearl says to her. 2. "Marie-Lousie
arrived last night and I'm' expecting her every minute," says Constance. 3. "He'll meet Bessie
here today," she says. 4. "The snuff-box was here a minute ago," says Bessie. 5. "I think
Mother and Major Liconda will be here tomorrow," says Colin b. I. "I met Flora at luncheon
today," said Clay. 2 "You've never looked so beautiful as you looked tonight," he said to his
wife. 3. "I spoke to him on the telephone two months ago," she said. 4. "Arnold's father
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arrived last night," said Elizabeth. 5. "I’ll have another talk with Dick tomorrow myself," said
the doctor. 6. "I’ve not seen him this morning," she said. 7. "You have got a beautiful place
here," Bessie said to him. 8. "I met Pete at the club yesterday," said Arnold.
IV. a. I. "Step this way, please," Albert said to him. 2. "Take off your coat," Maurice
said to his wife. 3. "Don't tell me any more if it upsets you," Major Liconda said to him. 4.
"Sit down and have something to eat, children," said Mrs. Tabret. 5. "Put out the lights and
see that the windows are properly closed," Colin said to his mother, 6. "Were you lunching
together?" says Martha. 8 "Does he know French and German?" said Pearl.9. "Are we having
tea in the kitchen?" she asked Tom. 10. "Aren't Bessie and Harry Bleane here?" she asked
him. 11. "Is there a word of truth in this story?" Harvester asked Mrs. Tabret. 12. "Have you
missed me?" said his mother. `13. "Have you been expecting me?" Bessie asked Sheppey. 14.
"Have you ever had it before?" the doctor asked him. 15. "May I come in?" he asked
Sheppey. 16. "Can he type and write shorthand?" Pearl asked Duchesse. 17. "Did I hear you
calling me?" Harvester asked Stella. 18. 'Did you cry tonight?" Maurice asked Stella. 19. "Do
you take sugar?" Lady Kitty asked Arnold. 20. "Shall we go for a stroll in the garden?"
Arnold asked Elizabeth,
c. 1. "What are you doing there, Albert?" he says. 2. "When was all this decided?" she
said to him. 3. "What's the matter with you?" Dons asks Mrs. Peason. 4. "What's the time?"
Florrie asked Bessie. 5. "How are you going to get home, Sheppey?" said Bessie. 6. "Why
don't you go for a walk?" Harvester asked Liconda. 7. "When did you land?" Bessie asked
him. 8. "Who is this nice-looking man, Pearl?" she asked 9. "Where have you been, Tony?"
she said. 10. "Where shall we go?" Bleane asked Bessie. 11. "Why did you make me go out
tonight?" she asked him. 12. "At what time did you dine?" Mrs. Tabret asked Colin. 13.
"Where are the others?" Colin asked Stella. 14. "How is Mrs. Tabret?" Liconda asked
Harvester. 15. "Why don't you spend a few weeks with him?" Harvester said to her.
d. 1. "I was a very young man when I first came to London," said Clay. 2. "He joked
and laughed when you were there," she said to Stella. 3. "Jane was only twenty-seven when
she went away," said Kate. 4. "When I came in she was quite white," he said. 5. "I was a child
when I met John," she said.
V. 1. "Tom wants to know if you are free tomorrow," she said. 2. "You'll never guess
why I've come here today," Bradley said to her. 3. "Richard Twining is coming to dinner
tonight," said Pearl. 4. "John is sorry for what he did and he's been punished for it," said
Mrs.Culver. 5. "I asked him to come today," said Constance. 6. "Jane rang me up an hour
ago," said Jack. 7. "Maurice seemed comparatively well last night," said Major Liconda. 8. "I
remember when Maurice was a boy how amazing his vitality was," said Major Liconda. 9.
"Will you tell Major Liconda what instructions you gave me last night?" she said to
Harvester. 10. "I went to Kiev seven years ago," said Anna. 11. "I saw a very good film last
night," she said. 12. "All that was a long time ago," he said. 13. "What are you reading now,
Jack?" she said. 14. "Have you ever seen this before?" she said to him. 15. "Soon you'll
discover the first wrinkle on my forehead and then the first white hair," Stella said to Maurice.
16. "I don't want a sleeping-draught to make me sleep," he said. 17. "I know perfectly well
what I'm saying," she said. 18. "I never knew my mother had such nerve," he said 19. "I'll
wait till the others come," said Stella. 20. "I've got a headache," said Alice. 21. "You're not
quite yourself, Eliza," said John. 22. "I don't understand what you mean," she said to him. 23.
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"You can trust me," Sheppey said to Albert. 24. "I am not going to wear this dress tonight,"
she said. 25. "What do you expect me to do?" said her brother. 26. "What I want is a large
ham sandwich with a lot of mustard on it," she said. 27. "What did you say, Tom?" she said
28. "I'll just stay a moment or two longer if you don't mind," Harvester said to them. 29. "Mrs.
Tabret will be glad to see you," she said to Harvester. 30 "This is the first week-end we've
been here together since Clive went up to Cambridge," said Louise. 31. "Are you living in the
same house?" he finally inquired her. "No, we've moved out to Hyde Park. I've taken a house
out there," said Jennie. 32. "What are you going to say to Jane?" asked John. "I haven’t made
up my mind," said Jack
Retell the following using indirect speech.
215.
1. Ann : Do you want to see the time-table I have drafted for the next term?
John: Yes, very much. I never knew you drafted our timetables.
Ann: Didn't you? I have done so for the last fifteen years. Of course, they are always
issued under the headmaster's signature.
(After T. Rattigen)
2. Lester: How old is the child?
Jennie: She is a lime over five.
Lester: Where have you been keeping her all the time?
Jennie: She was at home until you went to Cincinnati last spring. I went down and brought
her then.
Lester: Was she there the times I came to Cleveland?
Jennie: Yes, but I did not let her come out anywhere where you could see her.
(After T. Dreiser)
3. Constance: What are you doing here, John? Haven't you get any patients today?
John: Yes, there are two or three waiting. I'm just going down. As a matter of fact I thought
I deserved a cigarette. I've mislaid my cigarette-case. Have you seen it about,
Constance?
Constance: No, I haven't.
John: I looked for it everywhere this morning. I can't think where I left it. I am going to
ring up the nursing-home and ask if I left it there.
Constance: I hope you haven't lost it.
John: Oh, no. I'm sure I haven't. I've just put it somewhere.
(After S. Maugham)
4. Вass : Is that you, Jennie?
Jennie: Yes.
Bass: Where have you been?
Jennie: Listen. Have you seen papa and mamma?
Bass: Yes.
Jennie: Did they know I had gone out?
147
Bass: Ma did. She told me not to ask after you. Where have you been?
Jennie: I went to see Senator Brander for you. Then Jennie heard her mother come to
the door. Jennie went out.
Mrs Gerhardt: Oh, why did you go?
Jennie: I couldn't help it, ma.
Mrs Gerhardt: Why did you stay so long?
Jennie: I'm all right, mamma. I'll tell you all about it tomorrow. Go to bed
(After T. Dreiser)
Put the following into direct speech.
216.
1. She told him that she would help him. 2. She said that he was ill and tired. 3.
Maurice told Stella that she was the best dancer he had ever danced with. 4. She told Arnold
that she was very grateful to him. 5. Constance said that Martha had rung her up an hour
before. 6. Bessie asked Florrie how much longer she was going to stay there. 7. She said that
Maurice was so strange that day. 8. She asked him to come in. 9. She told him that she would
do all she could. 10. Tony told Helen that she had said that the previous week. 11. She said
that she would be all right in a minute. 12. Stella warned him if he did not hurry up he would
be too late. 13. He said that he was very glad to meet Mrs Miller. 14. She asked him to come
and eat a sandwich before it got cold 15. Colin told Major Liconda that it was nice of him to
have come. 16. He asked Sheppey if that was a wig he was wearing. 17. She said that she
would go and open the door for him. 18. She asked Mr Miller if he was well. She asked him
to sit down. 19. Arnold told Lord Porteous that there was something he wanted to show him.
20. Constance told Bernard that it had been very nice to see him. 21. Maurice asked Stella to
give him a handkerchief. 22. She told Maurice that she would put him to bed after he had said
good night to his mother. 23. Major Liconda asked Colin if he had gone into Maurice's room
the previous night. 24. She said that he would be there presently. 25. She said that she had got
a gift for languages. 26. Albert told Jane that there was a wire for her from Dublin. 27. Miss
Grange told Sheppey that he was too soft-hearted. 28. He advised her not to hesitate to say
anything she wanted to. 29. Mrs.Miller said that she did not know what to say. 30. Mrs.
Tabret said that she had known him some years before in India. 31. She told Tom that he was
wanted on the phone. 32. She asked him if he was not homesick sometimes. 33. Mrs Miller
asked him what the picture was like. 34. Major Liconda asked him if there was really no
chance of his getting better. 35. Stella told him that she would see him in a day or two. 36.
He said that he had never met her. 37. She asked Andrew to put on his coat. 38. George said
that his parents were coming that afternoon. 39. She asked him if he would come back that
day. 40. He said that he was getting deaf. 41. Mrs. Tabret told Stella that she would come and
see her to the door and then she would go up to bed 42. He said that he was staying there. 43.
She said that he was her age. 44. He said that she had gone with a delegation of women. 45.
He asked her where she was going. 46. She said that his sweater was very elegant. 47. They
said that they had not expected him that day. 48. She asked him what was wrong and if he
was ill. 49. She asked him why he did not offer to help her to cut the sandwiches. 50. He
asked if he could help her to cut the sandwiches. 51. He asked Myra what she was going to
148
do. 52. She told Tony that she wanted to talk to him sometime. 53. They asked Jerry to tell
them a joke. 54. He told them that he could bring the cheese and they would have coffee there
instead of in the office.
217. Put the verb in brackets into the required past tense, pay attention to the sequence
of tenses.
1. Aunt Hester (mink) that it (be) nice for him to work in the future. 2. She (hear) the
band playing and she (know) that in a few moments the curtain (go) up. 3. Myra (think) he
(prefer) to be by himself. 4.1 (hear) from your mother mat you (be) late and so I (order) coffee
and sandwiches. 5. Mrs Fese (ask) him if he (have) dinner there. 6. On the first day of the
second week in July he (receive) a letter from his son to say that they all (be) back on Friday.
7.1 (be told) that it (be) advisable to keep in touch with Mary. 8. The old man (ask) me if I
(have) any special profession in mind, and I (say) I (not have). 9. He (be) very sorry for
Jennie, and he (tell) his wife mat he (have) to go out and see her. 10. And the other day I
(have) a letter from him saying he (be) in Moscow soon. 11. Dunber (tell) me that the
conference (end) a little after six o'clock. 12.1 (say) I (be) by nine o'clock. 13. You (promise)
you (try) to persuade him to stay on for a bit. 14. In a few words I (tell) him what (happen).
15. He (tiptoe) over and (ask) me if something (worry) me, because my face (look) tense. 16.
She (ask) me if I (live) long in that town. 17. When I (ring) her that evening she (say) she (not
like) to discuss those problems on the phone. 18. That evening she (tell) me she (be) at the
hotel number, and about half past eight I (dial) that number, but there (be) no answer. 19. I
(put) the papers back where they (belong), (tell) the manager I (do) no clipping or tearing,
(return) to the hotel, (treat) myself to a glass of milk in the coffee shop, and (go) to bed. 20.
He (write) that he (come) to lunch the following day. He (be met) at the station by a horse
drawing a vehicle of a shape he never (see) before. 21. Jennie (decide) that she (go) on to
Cleveland and (see) her father. Accordingly, she (make) the trip, (hunt) up the factory and
(inquire) at the office for her father. The clerk (direct) her to a distant warehouse, and
Gerhardt (be informed) that a lady (wish) to see him.
218. Translate the sentences into English paying attention to the sequence of tenses.
1. Он сказал, что скоро зайдет опять. 2. Когда я позвонил к нему домой, мне
сказали, что он только что ушел. 3. У меня было очень мало времени. Я думал, что они
уже уедут, прежде чем я приеду туда. 4. Я сказал Тому, что позвоню ему сегодня
вечером. 5. Он думал о том, что ему только что сказали. 6. Я знала, что вы меня
спросите об этом. 7. Мой друг сказал мне, что он только один раз был в Москве. 8 Вы
сказали, что поможете мне. 9. Я вспомнил, что он навещал нас, пять лет тому назад.
10. Вы сказали, что приедете, если я пришлю за вами брата. 11 Он спросил меня,
завтракала ли я. 12. Он сказал отцу, что, вероятно, не вернется до воскресенья. 13. Вы
хотели посмотреть, узнаю ли я вашего брата. 14. Я знаю, они вам сказали, что все
будет хорошо. 15. Я думала, что они скоро вернутся. 16. Он полагал, что это
путешествие сделает нас счастливыми. 17. Я знала, что вы придете вовремя. 18. Мы
сомневались, будет ли у нас время навестить друзей, которые, живут в этом городе. 19.
149
Пока они ждали доктора, Том сказал матери, что он не болен. 20. Я ему рассказала, как
все эти годы я изучала английский язык.
REVISION EXERCISES ON TENSES
219. Put the verb in brackets into the Present Indefinite and the Present
Continuous.
1. Mr. Brown always (read) his newspapers in the evenings. Mrs. Brown sometimes
(knit) but she (not knit) tonight. Tonight they (watch) a very interesting comedy. They (enjoy)
it greatly.
2. All guides here (speak) at least two foreign languages, because a lot of foreign
visitors (come) in the summer. Paul (take) a parry of French tourists round now and
tomorrow an American party (come).
3. (Telephone conversation) "You (do) anything at the moment, Ann?" "Yes, I
(pack); I (catch) a plane to Riga in three hour's time." "Lucky girl. How long you (stay)
there?" "Two weeks."
4. "You (go) out tonight, Tom?" "No, I (stay) at home. The neighbours (come) in to
watch TV." "You often (invite) the neighbours?" "Yes, when there (be) a good programme."
5. "I just (go) out to get an evening paper." "But it (rain). Why you (not wait) till the
rain (stop)?"
6. "Hallo, Peter. What bus you (wait) for?" "Hallo, Mary. I (wait) for a 9 or a 14."
"Here (be) a 9 now. You (come) on it or you (wait) for a 14?" "I (think) П1 take the 9. If I
(wait) for a 14 I may be late."
7. "What the sound (be) I (hear)?" "I (not hear) anything. (He listens.) Oh, I (hear) it
now. It (be) like cheering." "I (suppose) the boys must be having some sport of their own."
8. "Why you (sit) there?" "I (wait) for Mr. and Mrs. Stone to tea."
9. "As a matter of interest, what you (do) here?" "Formally, secretarial."
10. Will you say good-bye to Father? He (leave) soon.
11. "Where (be) Ann?" "She (wait) up for her parents."
220. Put the verb in brackets into the Present Indefinite and the Future
Indefinite.
1. I (do) this every night before I (go) to bed.
2. If you (read) in bad light you (ruin) your eyes.
3. If he (not start) at once he (be) late for the train.
4. You (have) time to help me tomorrow?
5. I (remember) this summer all my life.
6. If you (see) him tell him to ring me up.
7. In any case, I (be) here tomorrow.
8. I (wait) here till he (come).
9. If you (not change) your wet clothes you (get) pneumonia.
10. Leon, drive through the park till I (tell) you to stop.
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11 We (get) back before tomorrow night.
12. Let him remember that too when he (grow) up.
13. If you (come) late the teacher (not let) you in.
14. Unless you (work) very hard you (not be) successful.
15. I (not be) ready yet but I (be) in a couple of minutes.
16. I (come) to see you tomorrow unless I (be kept) late at the office.
17. Be patient: we (have) to wait rather a long time.
18. If it (rain) this afternoon, I (take) my umbrella.
19. I (return) next week if you (want) me to.
20. What I (do) if the train (be) late?
21. I (catch) a cold if I (stay) out any longer.
22. I (be) sorry if they (not come).
23. I (do) it if I can.
24. I can't do anything unless I (feel) very warm.
25. If we (want) opinions from you we (ask) for them.
26. Wire the time of your arrival. I (send) a car to meet you at the airport. And I
(book) a reservation for you at a hotel.
27. "When you (get) home?" "I (not know)".
28. Young Tony, I am going to give you some good advice, and if you have got any
sense you (take) it
221. Translate the sentences into English.
1. "Где Джон?" — "Внизу, в кафе. Я с ним там встречаюсь сегодня".
2. Если вы поставите чайник, я заварю чай.
3. Вы дадите мне эту книгу, если она мне понадобится?
4. Я скажу о вас отцу, когда он придет.
5. Мы их встретим на вокзале, если они придут вовремя.
6. Приходите, пока не будете готовы.
7. Подождите здесь, пожалуйста, пока не придут родители Ани.
8. Я поговорю с вами об этом, когда у меня будет время.
9. Я вам расскажу об экскурсии, когда вернусь.
10. Они уезжают сегодня вечером.
11. "Том, иди сюда!" — "Я иду, папа!"
12. Идет сильный дождь. Мы ничего не можем делать, пока он не перестанет.
13. Завтра мы уезжаем отсюда первым поездом.
14. Аня, что вы делаете? Вы уже готовите завтрак? Ведь еще очень рано.
15. "Вы когда уезжаете?" — "Я сегодня улетаю самолетом".
16. Посмотрите. Кто-то идет. 17. "Где же Петя?" — "Вон там, в углу, он играет
в шахматы с друзьями".
18. Я слышал, вы пишете очерк о нашем городе, не правда ли?
19. "Где мама? Когда же она придет домой?" — "Я сама ее жду".
20. Над чем вы смеетесь?
21. Передайте, пожалуйста, моим родителям, что я приеду домой завтра утром.
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222. Put the verb in brackets into the Present Indefinite and Present Perfect
1. Let me look at you. You (not change) much.
2. I (come) to ask you what you (think) of the situation.
3. I (not have) much time for entertainment these days.
4. I never (see) him here.
5. I (want) to come and see you for a long time.
6. You (be) away a long time?
7. Dear Uncle Philip (be) in and out of this house for years.
8. There (be) a lot of things I (want) to do for a long time, and I (not do) them.
9. He (be) to the theatre three times this month.
10. Freddy just (come) home.
11. "What is it?" "Nothing, darling. I just (find) the children's letters. That is all right."
12. How (be) you? I (not see) you for years.
13. I (be) on television a few times.
14. Stop! Don't tell me anything! I (not want) to hear what you (come) for.
15. I (not see) or (hear) from him since last year.
16. Tom and Charles always (be) great friends.
17. I never (see) anybody make so much fuss over tying a tie.
18. I just (want) to sit down and have a drink and some food. I (not eat) all day.
19. I (think) you (not see) the local surroundings for a long time.
20. Oh! Mr. Minho — how perfectly lovely! I (want) to know you ever since my
cradle.
21. "How long you (be engaged) to him?" "Six months."
22. Good-bye, dear Uncle Jolyon, you (be) sweet to me.
23. "John, I (offend) you in some way by coming here?" "No, of course not."
24. Andrew! I (get) a message for you from Sir Robert Abbey. He just (be) on the
telephone.
25. He never (make) a talking picture before and he (want) to do this one.
26. "You (be) still in London?" "No. I only (come) up for the day." "You still (live) in
Edinborough?" "Yes."
27. She never (ring) you up before all the time I (be) here.
28. We (know) one another a great many years.
29. "You (visit) Grandfather this afternoon?" "No."
30. Mother, how can you say that we always (be) here?
223. Put the verb in brackets into the Present Continuous, the Present Indefinite,
the Past Indefinite, the Present Perfect and the' Present Perfect Continuous
1. I (not see) him since he (arrive). 2. What (happen) to you since she (leave)? 3. I
(think) your father (improve) so much since I (see) him last 4. What you (do) with the knife?
The point is broken off. 5. For these last three years I (spend) nearly every minute of my spare
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time on this problem. 6. Well, Dad, what you (do) all day long? Come into the parlour —
well have dinner soon. 7. "Hello," he (say) holding out his hand, "I (look) for you for a long
time. I never (have) the chance to thank you for what you (do) for my brother." 8. "Oh!" he
(say), "Mr. Michael Mont, I (think). I (expect) you." 9. You see, I (do) this kind of thing for
the last thirty years. 10. Ever since you (be) asleep, I (sit) downstairs. 11. I (think) of it ever
since Jack and I (decide) that we ought both to come and face you together. 12. You (live)
here ever since you (leave) Orel? 13. "Do I intrude?" "Come in, Clive. Arnold and I (have)
such a wonderful heart-to-heart talk." 14. "How many rooms you (have)?" "Five," (say)
Jennie. "You'll have to excuse the looks this morning. We (iron) and ifs all upset."
15. — Where else you (go), Jack? You (be) in the country all this time?
— No, for the last month I (be) at my father's.
16. — I just (be) to the film Chapaev. You (see) it? Yes.
When you (see) it?
Two days ago. Who you (go) with?
With Pete.
17. — That (be) a pleasant place for vacation. I"(intend) to live there.
You (discuss) this with John?
No, why should I?
Well, you (keep) company since you both (be) sixteen.
18. — It (be) a pretty room, (not be) it?
Yes. The sun (be) in it since six this morning.
I (steep) in it for fifteen years.
You (know) where Philip (be)?
I expect he (talk) to his mother.
Oh, well, they (be) old friends, (not be) they?
Inseparable.
19. Half an hour later he (be) home. He (light) a cigarette, and then the telephone
(ring). It (be) Nickie calling from New York.
Well where you (be)?
Robert (sit) down and (relax).
Out for a while. Sorry. You (try) to get me all the time?
Yes.
20. You just (arrive)?
Yes, I.... I (arrive) ten minutes ago. I (come) here in a taxi.
Well, now you can sit down for a minute here.
No, I саn’t. I (not be) to a hotel yet.
What you (do) all these years?
Acting, all over the place.
224. Translate the sentences into English
1. Насколько я знаю, она еще не вернулась. Я не знаю, где она сейчас.
2. "Что она вам только что говорила?" — "Ничего особенного".
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3. "Вы давно живете в этом городе?" — "Двадцать шесть лет". — "Где вы
раньше жили?" — "В Ленинграде".
4. Входите, пожалуйста. Мы вас давно ждем.
5. Вы очень давно не видели мою сестру. Приходите к нам сегодня вечером.
6. Мы идем уже шесть часов и очень устали.
7. Я не была у своих друзей уже месяц. Завтра я собираюсь их навестить.
8. Мы с ним знакомы уже больше года.
9. Мы с Джоном учились вместе в школе, и с тех пор мы большие друзья.
10. "Ваши гости уже приехали". — "Я знаю".
11. "Я пою, танцую и играю в скетчах", — сказала она. "Вы талантливая
женщина Вы это делаете всю свою жизнь".
12. Я здесь с утра жду вас.
13. Нас не было дома в течение месяца, и они еще не знают, что мы уже
приехали.
14. "Мама, в чем дело? - спросила Дженни. — У тебя красные глаза. Ты
плакала?"
15. Я в этом городе уже пятнадцать лет. Наша семья переехала сюда,
когда мне было 10 лет.
16. "Кто-нибудь живет в этой квартире?" Я покачала головой и ответила: "Она
заперта с тех пор, как я переехала сюда".
17. Я очень много думаю о вас последнее время.
18. Я их не видела с тех пор, как переехала в этот город.
19. Я читаю и пишу в течение трех дней и очень устал.
20. "Где же Аня?" — "Она наверху. Мы только что с ней разговаривали".
21. O нем весь город говорит с тех пор, как он уехал.
22. Мы ищем эту книгу уже неделю.
225. Put the verb in brackets into the Past Indefinite and the Past Continuous
I. 1. George (talk) to me last night and I (not understand) one word he (say). 2. When
this (happen)? 3. It (be) a wet afternoon in October. 4. Who you (go) to the cinema with last
night? 5. My mother (wake) early mat morning. 6. "You (meet) my brother at the theatre
yesterday?" "Yes, we (have) coffee afterwards." 7. That night he (sleep) hardly at all. 8.1 (not
know) she (be) ill. She (look) all right three days ago. 9. For a week after his arrival, she (see)
no one. 10. Excuse me, John, what you (mean) by that expression you (utter) just now? 11.1
(not see) her when I (be) in Tula. 12. Jane (be) out when we (arrive) home. 13. Nelly (glance)
at her watch and (see) it (be) time for lunch. 14. Eliza (be) silent for a minute or two, men
(leave) the room. 15. Tony (get) into his car and (drive) before Jack. 16. Clive (take) off his
tie, (go) into the bathroom, and (wash) his face.
П. 1. At six o'clock yesterday I (wait) for John at the Institute. 2. What you (do)
yesterday at this time? 3. He (come) in while I (work). 4. He (read) a newspaper when the
telephone bell (ring). 5. Kate (sit) behind her pine desk when Tom (come) in. 6. They (listen)
while Jack (speak). 7. The cat (sleep) in my armchair when we (enter) the room. 8. He (slip)
and (fall) as he (cross) the road. 9. My teeth (break) when I (eat). 10. Though the chill wind
(blow) through the open door on his back, Jack (not want) to shut it. 11. She (go) into the
154
kitchen and (find) the milk (boil) over. 12. He (go) on, but I (not listen). 13. He (telephone) a
quarter of an hour that he (start) at once. 14. Eliza (get) up and (walk) to the sitting-room
where Ann (wait) for her. 15 She (watch) him when he (talk). 16. While I (speak) she
(interrupt).
226. Put the verb in brackets into the Past Indefinite and the Past Perfect
1. During that long drive he (experience), again feelings that he (not have) since the
war. 2. His eyes (light) on the paper bag containing those things he (buy). 3. He (stop)
suddenly and (hear) his heart in the silence. How far he (walk)? What hour it (be)? 4. Some
sound in the night (awaken) me. I (roll) over in the blanket his aunt (loan) me and (go) out. 5.
These (be) the highest words of praise they ever (hear) from the old man 6. Evening (fall)
when he (wake). 7. At half past nine, when the last patient (leave) the surgery, he (come) out
and (go) straight home. 8. He hardly (reach) the trees when the kitchen door (open) and steps
(sound) on the wooden porch. 9. Melanie (turn) to her and on her face (be) the expression
Scarlett never (see) in those serene eyes. 10. This (be) the talking between brothers who just
(meet) up with each other. 11. It (be) he who (ask) me to stay on when I (want) to leave. 12.
For the first time since I (come) into the room, he (speak). 13. "What (make) you think he
(be) upset last night?" "He (do) a thing he never (do) before " 14. He (talk) about the town,
where he (live) for some years. 15. At half past four I (put) on the lights. 16. He (say) she
(read) all about it in the paper a year or two before. 17. His father (arrive) last year. 18. Tom
(have) a feeling that he (see) the man before 19. He (come) up last summer. 20.1 (work) in a
florist's in the north of the town and (be) there for two years. 21. She (keep) calling her son
until he (return) to the front of the house. 22. He hardly (go) when the telephone bell (ring).
23. Fleur (look) at her watch and (rise) 24. When her father (go) she (put) the book on the
desk. 25. He (sink) into a chair, remembering what her father (say) to him a few days before
his departure. 26. Eighteen years (go) since he first (go) into the St John's Wood house. 27. It
(seem) she (drive) a long time when the car (stop). 28. This downbreak of his son, whom he
(not see) cry since he (be) born, (move) Jolyon terribly. 29. She barely (go) when I (come).
30. Constance (catch) hold of the chair in which her mother (sit) before. 31. It (be) still early
in the day to cook the meal, because the sun (not reach) yet the noon. 32. With that he (turn)
his back and (look) after house before which he (descend). 33. And there (begin) for Soames
the most confused evening he ever (spend). 34. He (shake) hands and (hurry) off.
227. Put the verb in brackets into the Past Indefinite, the Past Continuous, the
Past Perfect and the Past Perfect Continuous
1. She (take) the package from me and (sit) down on the floor to open it. Her eyes
(smile) now. She (lift) out the doll and (look) at me. "It is very pretty," she (say). 2 There (be)
only one sound to be heard in the street, but no sooner Mr Oakroyd (hear) it than he (quicken)
his pace at once. 3. She (turn) the light back on, (lie) on the sofa and (take) up the book she
(read). 4. For a moment after the door (close) softly behind their son, Mr Smith and Mrs
Smith merely (stand) and (look) at each other. 5. He (let) the edge of the blind fall and,
stepping down from the bench on which he (stand) (walk) out of the room. 6. We (sit) around
155
silently for a moment, each trying to think of some possibility we (overlook). 7. His secretary
(take) the paper from the table where he (put) it, and (go) out. 8. It (be) near midnight when
they (come) in from dinner, still laughing at something he (say) in the dining-room. 9. There
(be) a silence. Andrew (sit) still for a moment. The situation (be) worse, even than he
(imagine). 10. Lester (sit) down in his easy-chair by the window after his brother (go) and
(gaze) ruminately out over the flourishing city. 11. She (get) to her feet, (slip) into her coat,
and (go) to the door. When she (open) it, she (look) back at her mother. 12. Irene (stand) by
the piano; she (take) off her hat and a lace scarf she (wear), so that her gold-coloured hair (be)
visible. 13. We (shake) hands. I (feel) so shy that I could think of nothing to say, but Mrs
Strickland (come) to my rescue. She (ask) me what I (do) with myself during the summer,
and with this help I (manage) to make some conversation. 14. It (be) two o'clock. Eliza (be)
suddenly thoroughly awake. She (sit) up in her bed and (circle) her knees with her arms. It
(rain), the way it (rain) for days. IS. When Fleur and her father (go) up, Michael (light) a
cigarette, and (pass) back into the "parlour". He (sit) down at the clavichord. 16. Jon (be)
happier than he (be) since he (land) in the New World three and a half years ago. 17. Between
Anne and himself there (be) little talk; they (resume) the silence which (fall) when they (sit) in
the dark under the old oak. 18. At this moment the curtain (go) up again. Since Marjorie
Terrar (not appear), Soames (be) obliged to keep awake. 19. When he (reach) Andrew, whom
he (see) from half way down the street, he (give) a theatrical start of recognition. 20. She
(look) at me with those pleasant eyes of hers, which (be) as sympathetic as they (be) more
than twenty years before. 21. They (gallop) bасk along the track. The sun (go) down even
faster than he (think), the air (grow) cold, the light grey. 22. In his turn old Jolyon (look) back
at his son. He (want) to talk about many things that he (be) unable to talk about all these
years. 23. The teacher (rise) from her seat and (go) among the children, helping them with
gentle words and telling them the mistakes they (make). 24. They (drink) not coffee from the
thermos Susia (bring). 25. She (be) at the station after all, standing just as he (imagine), apart
from the others. 26. When she (finish) her simple tale, for she hardly (be) away from home,
there (be) silence, till Jon (say): "It's half past seven only." 27. He just (finish) his work and
with a mild sense of achievement (write) the label when the surgery bell (ring), the outer door
(swing) open, and a short, powerfully thickest red-faced man of thirty (stroll) in, followed by
a dog. 28. That evening Denny (arrive) as he (promise), for supper. He (bring) a message
from Hope, who (ring) him from Cambridge, to say that he (be) unable to get to London that
evening.
228. Put the verb in brackets into the required tense in the Active or in the
Passive Voice
I 1. We constantly (disturb) by unnecessary telephone calls yesterday. 2. I (take) aback
by what you (tell) me just now. 3. Tell me the truth, you (shock) by what I (say)? 4. The
office (fill) with the activity of the radio show. 5. The game (play) well by both teams last
Sunday. 6. Cleveland like every other growing city at this time (crowd) with those who
(seek), employment. 7. At Bass's suggestion Jennie (write) her mother to come at once, and a
week or so later a suitable house (find) and (rent). 8. Every morning the boys (tell) what to do.
9. The storyteller (ask) to tell the tale again.
156
П. 1. When we (come) in a meal (prepare) for us. 2. What tune (play) when we (come)
in? 3.1 (sit) down for a rest while the shoes (repair). 4. The man (operate) on when the lights
(go) out. 5. It (take) a moment before Nick (realize) that he (offer) a newspaper. 6. I couldn't
take any photographs because my camera (repair) at that time.
Ш. 1.I suppose you (tell) this before. 2. Come in and have your milk. It (keep) hot for
you long. You (be) late. Where you (be)? 3. It (occur) to me that for the last twenty-two hours
my life (govern) by yours — by your needs. 4. "You (live) in the same house?" he finally
(inquire). "No, we (move) out. We (give) a new flat." 5. We always (invite) there.
IV. 1. When she (go), he (settle) down with the clock — a Dutch piece too heavy to
take away; it (pick) up by James, (chime) everything, and a moon and a lot of stars on its face.
2. When the last good-bye (say) and last sound of wheels and hooves (die) away, she (go)
into her room. 3. He (say) he (detain) on business.
229. Translate the sentences into English
I.
Она не сказала, что их семья давно уже живет в этом городе. 2. Он стоял
и смотрел на дом, где он родился, вырос и играл с друзьями. 3. Он выпил кофе,
который ему только что дал отец, и вышел из комнаты. 4. Она подошла к столу и
опять взяла газету, которую только что читала. 5. Подойдя к письменному столу, он
взял ключ, который был положен для него, и пошел наверх, 6. Он хотел посетить
Сибирь и другие места Советского Союза, которые ему рекомендовали. 7. Она
подняла голову, когда дверь открылась, положила книгу, которую читала, на стол и
встала, чтобы поздороваться со своей подругой. 8. Он сказал, что уже больше года
знает эту семью. 9. Он пришел домой, после того как вы ушли. 10. Когда мы
добрались до лагеря, солнце еще не взошло.
II.
Когда позвонили, я пошла и открыла дверь. Это был Том. Я ему сказала,
что мы рады его видеть и давно его ждем. 12. Он был лучшим учителем, который у
нас когда-либо был. 13. Я подождала, пока он не кончил читать письмо. 14. Прежде
чем подняться наверх, Том подождал, пока Джон не ушел из комнаты.
230. Comment on the use of the Present Indefinite Tense
The bus I catch doesn't go up the hill and when I get off at the corner I catch the smell
of fish and chips and cross the road and go into the shop and buy a fish and chips. I sprinkle
them with salt and vinegar and eat them out of the paper as I'm going up the hill. I really like
fish and chips and there's no better way of eating them than in the open air, straight off the
pan. These are so hot they nearly burn my mouth. I have to hold them away from me because
I've been a bit too liberal with the vinegar and soon it starts seeping through the paper on to
my fingers. They last me till I reach the gate and then I wipe my hands on the paper and
screw a ball and drop-kick it ten yards up the road.
(After S. Barstow)
231. Comment on the use of the Past Indefinite Tense
157
Tom sat next to Hopkins. Even before the plane took off, Hopkins opened his
briefcase, took out a thick report in pale-blue covers, and started to read. When the plane's
engines roared, and they taxied towards the runway, he glanced up briefly. "This might
interest you, Tom," he said, leaned over, and took another report from his briefcase.
(S. Wilson)
232. Comment on the use of the Present Perfect Tense
Some of the chimneys show no signs of smoke; they have been quiet for a long time,
have stayed there like monuments of an age that has vanished, and all because trade is still
bad. Perhaps some of these chimneys have stopped smoking because fashionable women in
Paris and London and New York have cried to one another, "My dear, you cant possibly wear
that!" and less fashionable women have repeated it after them, and quite unfashionable
women have finally followed then-example, and it has all ended in machines lying idle in
Bruddersfbrd. Certainly trade is still very bad.
(J. Priestley)
233. Comment on the use of the Past Perfect Tense
When the doctor had gone, Miss MacDonald called for Hopkins's car, a black Cadillac
five years old, driven by an ageing Negro chauffeur. They started driving towards the United
Broadcasting building. Before they had gone three blocks the car got caught in a bad traffic
jam and could barely crawl. Hopkins put his head back on the soft grey upholstery and closed
his eyes. "You've got to slow down!" the doctor had said. It seemed to Hopkins that people
had been telling him that all his life.
It had started when he was a boy in public school. He had been editor of the school
paper, and though he had been too small to excel at athletics, he had been manager of the
football and basket-ball teams. He had stood at the top of his class scholastically, and
whenever there had been a dance or a school party, he had always been chairman of the
arrangements conmmittee. "You've got to slow down!" the teacher had told him. "Take it
easy, boy — you'll wear yourself out!"
At Princeton, where he had gone on a scholarship, it had been more of the same. He
had headed the debating team, managed the football team, and engaged in a dozen other
activities in addition to maintaining an almost straight average in his studies. "You've got to
slow down!" his faculty adviser had told him. "Take it easy!"
(After S. Wilson)
234. Comment on the use of tenses
Elizabeth: Arnold's father arrived last night.
158
Teddie: Did he! I thought he was in Paris.
Arnold: So did we all. He said he'd be there for the next month.
Anne: Have you seen him?
Arnold: No! He rang me up just now.
Elizabeth: Did you tell him Lady Catherine was coming?
Arnold: Of course not. I was surprised to know he was here. And then I thought we'd
better talk it over first.
Elizabeth: Is he coming along here?
Arnold: Yes. He suggested it, and I Wouldn't think of any excuse to prevent him.
Teddie: Couldn4 you put the other people off?
Arnold: They're coming by car. They can be here any minute. It's too late to do that.
Elizabeth: Besides, it would be beastly.
(After S. Maugham)
235. Put the verb in brackets into the required tense
L I (feel) rather poor lately, so this morning at nine I (go) to see my doctor. I (find) him
alone in his waiting-room, where he (stand) surveying a pile of magazines. "All alone?" I
(say). "What you (do) to your patients? You (cure) them all?" "The reason why people (not
crowd) into this room now is that on Wednesday I (not begin) consultations here until half
past ten. Such (be) my habit for the last twenty-five years." "I am sorry I (come) too early," I
(say), "I'll go away and come back later." "Oh, no! I (prefer) early patients to late ones. In the
course of my practice I (notice) that the late-comers (be) usually not serious cases. Many
people (come) to a doctor for sympathy, you know. They (be) like a dog that once (come)
here with a sore paw; I (bandage) it for him and while I (do) this he (look) at me with great
lonely eyes. He (come) back the next day and every day until his paw (be) well. I (find) out
that his master (go) away and a kindly old couple (look) after the dog. He (miss) his master
and (want) special sympathy. So, although he (be) well, he (take) to coming to see me two or
three times a week. He is old now but he still (come)."
(After D. Clarke and M. Mackenzie)
П. It (rain) all day today. I (suspect) it always (rain) on Sundays in England. Anyhow,
it (rain) every Sunday since I (arrive) here three months ago. I just (begin) to get used to it but
I (find) it rather monotonous! I (live) in a boarding-house in Bayswater. I (enjoy) my stay
here, as I already (have) many opportunities to meet interesting people who (come) from all
over the world Like me, they (study) English. Some of them (live) here for quite a long time
but even they all (not speak) English very well. My friend Peter, for instance, who comes
from Basle, and (come) here a year ago, still (speak) with a strong Swiss accent. He (come)
here on business. Although I (be) here only three months, I (pick) up enough English to be
able to correct Peter frequently, but as I (learn) English at school here, I have an unfair
advantage over Peter, who is a good fellow, and (be) most helpful in showing me about
London during the first weeks of my stay.
(After D. Clarke and M. Mackenzie)
159
236. Put the verb in brackets into the Past Indefinite, the Past Continuous and
the Past Perfect
1. He (talk) to her an hour or more of the children, and a hundred little things, till the
carriage (come) round to take her home. And when she (go) he (go) back to his chair and (sit)
there smoothing his face and chin, dreaming over the day.
2. That evening after dinner he (go) to his study and (take) a sheet of paper. He (stay)
for some minutes without writing, then (rise) and (stand) under the masterpiece "Dutch
Fishing Boats at Sunset." He (not think) of that picture, but of his life.
(J. Galsworthy)
237. Put the verb in brackets into the Past Indefinite, the Past Perfect and the
Future-in-the-Past
He (look) at his watch. In a quarter of an hour he (be) due at the General Meeting of
the New Colliery Company — one of Uncle Jolyon's concerns; he should see Uncle Jolyon
mere, and say something to him about Bosinney — (not make) up his mind what, but
something — in any case he should not answer this letter until he (see) Uncle Jolyon. He (get)
up and methodically (put) away the draft of his defence. Going into a dark little cupboard, he
(turn) up the light, (wash) his hands with a piece of brown Windsor soap, and (dry) them on a
roller towel. Then he (brash) his hair, (turn) down the light, (take) his hat, and saying he (be)
back at half past two, (leave) the house.
(After J. Galsworthy)
Elsie lives in Oxford. She’s quite tall, with grey hair, green eyes and a big nose.
She’s 70, but she looks a lot younger. When she was a child she lived in a small
village in the country not far from Oxford, with her brother Joe and her sister Betty.
Her mother was a difficult woman with a very strong, hard personality: her father
was a quiet man, completely dominated by his wife.
After Elsie left school she studied to be a nurse, but she didn’t finish her studies
because she got married. She and her husband went to live in London. However,
London was a dangerous place because of the war, and shortly after her first child
was born they moved to the country.
Elsie is a very lovely woman, and she is the most talkative person I know. She
lakes music, dancing and making jewellery. She is also a fanatical gardener, and she
has a wonderful garden full of beautiful roses and a variety of other flowers. She
lives alone with her cat, whose name is Simon, but she spends a lot of time visiting
her grandchildren.
WARNING
When I am an old woman I shall wear purple
With a red hat which doesn’t go, and doesn’t suit me,
And I shall spend my pension on brandy and summer gloves
160
And satin sandals, and say we’ve no money for butter.
I shall sit down on pavement when I’m tired
And gobble up samples in shops and press alarm bells
And run my stick along the public railings
And make up the sobriety of my youth.
I shall go out in my slippers in the rain
And pick up flowers in other people’s gardens
And learn to spit.
You can wear terrible shirts and grow more fat
And eat three pounds of sausages at a go
Or only bread and pickle for a week
And hoard pens and pencils and beer mats and things in boxes.
But now we must have clothes that keep us dry
And pay the rent and not swear in the street
And set a good example for the children.
We must have friends to dinner and read the papers.
But maybe I ought to practice a little now?
So people who know me are not too shocked and surprised
When suddenly I am old and start to wear purple.
Текст на Past Simple.
Getting around the city was easy because there were plenty of buses and trams
and they nearly always ran on time. But when we went up to the skiing resort, it took
us ages to get there because the roads were quite narrow and there were some awful
jams. But it was worth it. The place was just fabulous; there were snow-covered
picks all around us, and the views were spectacular.
Our chalet was also quite spacious, and it had an excellent fitted kitchen and
modern bath room. However, the bed wasn’t the most comfortable in the world, and
we both felt that the sofa and armchairs did not encourage relaxation at the end of a
day’s skiing.
And for beginners, we did quite well. Not as well as some of the children, of
course. They picked it up so easily, and by the end of the holiday were incredibly
good. Anyway, we hired the skis and all the other stuff – it cost a fortune as you
predicted – and had some lessons from a very nice instructor. He was very patient
with everyone and we were astonished at the way some people blamed him every
time they fell over. It was stupid of them and quite unnecessary.
We were on the slopes all day and very lucky that it was cold and sunny most of
the time – ideal for skiing. The travel agency had suggested going this time of year,
and in our case they were absolutely right.
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SIMPLE PRESENT,
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
1. Choose the right tense.
1. Water boils/is boiling at 100°C.
2. When do you get/are you getting up?
3. We have/are having English classes every day?
4. "Do you wear/are you wearing a new hat?" "Yes, do you like/are you liking it?"
5. "Look! She comes/is coming."
6. "Where is Paul?" "He plays/is playing football with Derek."
7. "Where is mum?" "She is in the bathroom. She does/is doing the laundry."
8. "I go/am going to visit Laura tonight. She leaves/is leaving to New York in the
morning." When does she come/is she coming back?" "I don't know."
9. We spend/are spending holidays in Spain.
10. Laura usually goes/is going to school by bus, but today her mum drives/is
driving her to school.
2. State or action? Choose the right variant.
162
1. I see/am seeing Becky on Monday.
2. She weighs/is weighing 100 kilos. She eats too much.
3. Don't disturb me. I listen/am listening to music.
4. You look/are looking great.
5. I think/am thinking he can drive a car.
6. Laura has/is having two cars.
7. I come/is coming from Spain.
8. She tastes/is tasting vanilla ice cream. It's delicious.
9. He is/is being a very polite person.
10. Why do you smell/are you smelling these cakes?
3. Change the words in brackets.
There is a traffic jam in the street. Most of the people 1 _______ (try) to get to
work. They all 2 _____ (work) in the city but few of them 3 ________(live) there.
They 4 _____ (feel) very angry and frustrated at the moment because the traffic
5 ________ {hardly move). Traffic jams like this 6 ________ (happen) every day.
The problem 7 _____ (get) worse all the time.
TEST YOUR ENGLISH
4. Tick the correct sentence.
1. a Donald walks along Buckingham Road every day and crosses it on his way to
school.
b Donald is walking along Buckingham Road every day and crossing it on his
way to school.
2. a Professor Brown believes that most of our cities die.
b Professor Brown believes that most of our cities are dying.
3. a He often suffers from headaches.
b He is often suffering from headaches.
4. a "Where are you going?", Lorna asked.
163
b "Where do you go?", Lorna asked.
5. a I am not wanting to eat. I am not hungry.
b I do not want to eat. I am not hungry.
6. a She is wearing a pink dress.
b She wears a pink dress.
7. a He is buying a new car every year.
b He buys a new car every year.
8. a The dress belongs to my sister.
b The dress is belonging to my sister.
9. a "I'm still having breakfast," she says
b "I still have breakfast," she says.
10. a Are you always getting up so late?
b Do you always get up so late?
5. Finish the sentences.
1. We'll go to the country if__________________________________________
2. I'll help you tomorrow if ______________________ . ___________________
3. I'll stay for another six months if____________________________________
4. We'll have a holiday when ________________________________________
5. I'll tell you the secret when ________________________________________
6. I can't leave the place till __________________________________________
7. You'll feel better when ___________________________________________
8. We'll go out as soon as ___________________________________________
9. I'll wait as long as _______________________________________________
10. What will you do when ___________________________________________
5. Complete the spaces with suitable grammar forms.
Linda: Hello, Bet.
Bet: Linda, hi! How 1 _____ you?
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Linda: Not too bad.
Bet: What 2 ______you_______these days?
Linda: I 3 _____ with a parachute team.
Bet: A parachute team?
Linda: Yes, it's really fantastic. Would you like to come along this weekend? You
could learn how to jump.
Bet: I can't, I'm afraid. I have to train for next month's race.
Linda: But you 4 every day. This is special.
Bet: I 5 _____ , Linda. I'm sure it is. But I 6 ________ to win the marathon next
month and that 7_______ I have to run ten miles every day.
Linda: Oh, please, 8 _____ , Bet.
Bet: No, really, I can't.
6. Correct the mistakes.
1. I'm busy at the moment. I talk over the phone.
2. I'm not knowing where he is.
3. I look at the pictures at the moment.
4. What do you read, Freddy? I don't read. I write.
5. They are picking the apples in September.
6. Tom is looking well.
7. They have dinner now.
8. The train is arriving at 7.30.
9. He is drinking coffee in the morning.
10. Our English friends come to our place on Monday.
SIMPLE PAST AND PRESENT PERFECT
1. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense.
165
TAXI
Captain Ben Fawcett 0 has bought (buy) an unusual taxi and 1 ___ (begin)
a new service. The 'taxi' is a small Swiss aeroplane called a 'Pilatus Porter.' This
wonderful plane can carry seven passengers. The most surprising thing about it,
however, is that it can land anywhere: on snow, water, or even on a ploughed field.
Captain's Fawcett's first passenger 2 _______ (be) a doctor who 3 _______ (fly)
from Birmingham to a lonely village in the Welsh mountains. Since then, Captain
Fawcett 4 _____ (fly) passengers to many unusual places. Once he 5 _________
(land) on the roof of a block of flats and on another occasion, he 6 _______ (land)
in a deserted car park. Captain Fawcett 7 _______ (just/refuse) a strange request
from a businessman. The man 8 _____ (want) to fly to Rockall, a lonely island in
the Atlantic Ocean, but Captain Fawcett 9 ______(not/take) him because the trip
10 __ (be) too dangerous.
2. Choose the correct verb form.
1. Betty wrote/has written her test yesterday.
2. She was/has been to London four times.
3. I don't know this man. I never met/have met him.
4. We travel/have travelled to lots of countries.
5. Mrs Green worked/has worked in the office for 25 years. And she is still working.
6. I met/have met in Oxford Street two days before.
7. She rang/has rung her boss yesterday.
8. Sheila went/has gone to the market at 8 o'clock in the morning.
9. David saw/has seen this play before.
10. Lorna read/has read the letter already.
3. Tick the correct sentence.
1. a John has lived here since 1990.
166
b John lived here since 1990.
2. a Hi! I didn't see you for ages.
b Hi! I haven't seen you for ages.
3. a This is the first time I was to New York.
b This is the first time I've been to New York.
4. a John has been looking for a job since he finished university,
b John looked for a job since he finished university.
5. a Were you busy this morning?
b Have you been busy this morning?
6. a Have you heard from Ben recently?
b Did you hear from Ben recently?
7. a Where is mother? She has gone to the shops.
b Where is mother? She went to the shops.
8. a Have you been at home on Friday?
b Were you at home on Friday?
9. a Your mother phoned a few minutes ago.
b Your mother has phoned a few minutes ago.
10. a Victoria has been a great queen, b Victoria was a
great queen.
4. Match the two parts of the sentences.
1. When my father retired ...
2. You were very busy ...
3. I'm glad to see you ...
4. I didn't see her ...
5. Helen gave me her new book but ...
6. He nodded ...
7. She has not been out since ...
8. We saw them ...
167
9. I can't go to the pictures because ...
10. I haven't been to Moscow since...
a. ... she bought the VCR.
b. ... I've heard much about you.
c. ... I haven't done my homework yet.
d. ... when I was in London.
e. ... at Mariinski Theatre on Sunday.
f. ... we went to live in a little town.
g. ... I haven't had a chance to read it.
h. ... and went upstairs.
i. ... we came to St Petersburg.
j. ... when I saw you two days ago.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
5. Put in the most suitable tense.
1. He ______ (never/study) any foreign languages.
2. She _____ (phone) just now.
3. Is this your first trip to Wales? No. I _______ (be) there before.
4. I _____ (live) in France in 1997.
5. Tom _____ (arrive) in the morning.
6. Where ______ (be) you last night?
7. I _____ (lose) my key.
8. This is the first time I _______(have) paella.
9. . We ____________________ (dance) a lot at the party.
10. My father is a composer. He ______ (write) lots of songs.
6. Choose the correct tense.
1. The party _________ at midnight.
168
a. finished
b. has finished
2. I usually get up late but this morning I __________ at 6 a.m.
a. have got up
b. got up
3. It's mother's birthday tomorrow and I __________ her a present.
a. bought
b. have bought
4. She ________ her job two days ago.
a. started
b. has started
5. We_________ a car.
a. never had
b. have never had
6. It's ages since Tom _________ us.
a. visited
b. has visited
7. Sam ________ a moment ago.
a. came in
b. have come in
8. Up to now I _________ thirty countries.
a. visited
b. have visited
9. It is two years since I _________a holiday.
a. have had
b. had
10. Tom ________ cold for the past week.
a. has had
b. had
PAST TENSES
1. Change the words in brackets.
EVERYTHING EXCEPT THE WEATHER
My old friend, Harrison, 1 _ (live) in the Mediterranean for many years
before he 2 _____ (return) to England. He 3 _____ (often/dream) of retiring in
England and 4 _____ (plan) to settle down in the country. He 5 _____ (no
sooner/return) than he 6 ___
(buy) a fine house and 7 _______ (go) to live
there. Almost immediately he 8 ____ (begin) to complain about the weather, for
even though it 9______ (be) still summer. It 10 ______ (rain) continually and it
169
11 _____ (be) often bitterly cold. After so many years of sunshine Harrison
12 _____ (get) a shock. He 13 ______ (act) as it had never lived in England
before. In the end it 14 ________ (be) more than he could bear. He 15 ________
(hardly/have) time to settle down when he 16_________ (sell) his house and
17 _____ (leave) the country. The dream he 18 ______ (have) for so many years
19 _____ (end). Harrison 20 ______ (think) of everything except the weather.
2. Put in the suitable tense.
1. We _______ (walk) in the forest when it _______ (start) to rain.
2. They
(finish) packing by 7 o'clock.
3. She often ______ (visit) her friends when she ______ (live) in London.
4. By the age of four he ______ (learn) to read and write.
5. When the boys _____ (leave) the classroom they _____ (begin) to fight.
6. I _____ (notice) that it ______ (snow).
7. He
(think) he _____ (dream).
8. More than a year ______ (pass) when he ______ (learn) to drive.
9. I _____ (work) in the garden when I ______ (see) a bright light.
10. Jane ______ (be) & university teacher as her father ______ (be) before her.
3. Underline the correct verb form.
1. He couldn't play baseball because he (didn't learn/hadn't learnt) to play as a
child.
2. When I came in Jack (already went/already had gone) home.
3. She passed the exams because she (studied/had studied) hard.
4. I (looked/was looking) out of the window and (saw/was seeing) an unusual
bird.
5. The plane was late and we (waited/were waiting) at the airport all morning.
6. I was nervous because I (never drove/never had driven ) the car.
7. They (played/were playing) tennis at 5 o'clock yesterday.
170
8. When I (picked up/had picked up) some berries I (ate/was eating) them:
9. I (talked/was talking) with my friend when suddenly he ( cried/was crying).
10. I saw Jim in the garden. He (dug/was digging)
|
TEST YOUR ENGLISH
4. Fill in the blanks with the correct verb form.
1. He ______________ the work before his boss came.
a. was not finishing
b. had not finished
c. did not finish
b. had seen
c. was seeing
2. I ________ this play last week.
a. saw
3. I ________ at 6 o'clock yesterday.
a. read
b. was reading
c. had read
4. He joined the army after he ____________ from the university.
a. graduated
b. had graduated
c. was graduating
5. He ___________ from London to York when he met Jane.
a. had travelled
b. travelled
c. was travelling
6. The morning was beautiful; the sun ____________ .
a. was shining
b. shone
c. had shone
b. happened
c. had happened
7. It ____________ late at night.
a. was happening
8. When I ________ to the theatre I realised that I had forgotten my ticket at
home.
a. came
b. was coming
c. had come
9. It _________ dark when they left.
a. got
b. had got
c. was getting
10. After he _________ me some money I bought this book.
a. lent
b. was lending
c. had lent
5. Tick the correct statement.
171
1. a Betty wrote her theses last night.
b Betty was writing her theses last night.
2. a John went home after he went to the shops.
b John went home after he has gone to the shops.
3. a What were you doing at 3 o'clock this afternoon?
b What did you do at 3 o'clock this afternoon?
4. a When John came home his mum made tea.
b When John came home his mum was making tea.
5. a She talked on the phone when her husband came in.
b She was talking on the phone when her husband came in.
6. a She did a lot of work for the poor.
b She had done a lot of work for the poor.
7. a One day a man fished in the lake.
b One day a man was fishing in the lake.
8. a We bought the tickets before we went to the cinema.
b We had bought the tickets before we went to the cinema.
9. a When I spoke to the woman I realised I had met her before.
b When I spoke to the woman I realised I met her before.
10. a After Betty had washed up she went away.
b After Betty washed up she went away.
6. Match the two parts of the sentences.
1. I saw a light in your window ...
2. She took me to her mother's ...
3. Yesterday at 9 o'clock ...
4 . She looked out of the window and saw ...
5. He was the captain of the ship ...
6. I was working in the garden ...
7. While I was waiting for an answer ...
8. He suddenly realised ...
172
9. When he awoke ...
10. He closed the window, drew the curtains over ...
a. ... which was sailing to Dover.
b. ... was walking towards the local post office.
c. ... the telephone rang.
d. ... as I was passing.
e. ... switched off the lights and went upstairs.
f. ... his wife was still sleeping.
g. ... where they were expecting me to have lunch together.
h. ... it was still raining heavily,
i. ... when he came.
j . ... he was going the wrong direction.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
FUTURE FORMS
1. Fill in the blanks using will or be going to. Use the verbs in brackets.
ACROSS THE CHANNEL
Erna Hart 1 _____ (swim) across the English Channel tomorrow. She 2_______
(set out) from the French coast at 5 o'clock in the morning. Erna is only 14 years old
and she hopes to set up a world record. She is a strong swimmer and many
people fell that she is sure to succeed. Erna's father 3_______ (set out)with her in
a small boat. Mr Hart has trained his daughter for years. Tomorrow 4 __________
(watch) her anxiously as she swims the long distance to England. Erna intends to
take short rests every two hours. She 5 ______ (have) something to drink but she
6 _____ (not eat) any solid food. Most of Erna's schoolfriends 7 ________ (wait)
for her on the English coast. Among them 8 ______ (he) Erna's mother, who swam
173
the Channel herself when she was a girl.
2. Choose the correct verb form.
1. Workers ___________ the new roads by the end of this year.
a. will complete
b. will be completed
2. Everybody ___________ anxiously as the new buildings go up.
a. will have been watching
b. will be watching
3. We _____ never _______ the heroes who gave their lives for our country.
a. will ... forget
b. would ... forget
4. He said he _________ to London the next day.
a. will go
b. would go
5. By the end of the year I ____________ five English books.
a. will have read
b. will read
6. Don't ring her up at three o'clock. She _____________ a letter to her mum.
a. will be writing
b. will write
7. At this time tomorrow the girls_____________ the X-mas tree.
a. will decorate
b. will be decorating
8. I expect we ___________ problems with bad weather.
a. '11 have
b. are going to have
9. When we get back we __________________ .
a. will have travelling
b. will be travelling
10. This time next week we _________________ down Costa del Sol.
a. are going to travel
b. will be travelling
3. Finish the sentences. Use the future forms.
1. I think Jane _____________________________________________________
2. Can you repair Peter's car? No, _____________________________________
3. At 10 o'clock tomorrow ___________________________________________
4. It's nearly autumn and soon ________________________________________
5. I expect ________________________________________________________
174
6. At the moment Lorna and Jack ______________________________________
7. When they come to the theatre _____________________________________
8. They'll probably be hungry because __________________________________
9. When you arrive _________________________________________________
10. By the time you come back ________________________________________
4. Tick the correct sentence.
1. a John will begin his new job tomorrow.
b John will be beginning his new job tomorrow.
2. a By 2001 he will work for ten hours.
b By 2001 he will have worked for ten hours.
3. a He will be staying with us as often as possible.
b He will stay with us as often as possible.
4. a From two till three he will be working in the garden.
b From two till three he'll work in the garden.
5. a He said he'll be in the south the next week.
b He said he would be in the south the next week.
6. a What is she going to do on Friday?
b What will she be doing on Friday?
7. a Computers are going to be important but they are not going to replace teachers.
b Computers will be important but they won't replace teachers.
8. a If I have time I'll go.
b If I have time I'll have gone.
9. a Where are you going to stay in Paris?
b Where will you have stayed in Paris?
10. a What time will they be returning home?
b What time will they return home?
5. Match the two parts of the sentences.
175
1. I will play volleyball unless ...
2. I hope ...
3. He will be working in his office ...
4. I'm going to stay ...
5. I'll be seeing them ...
6. Don't be afraid ...
7. They are a good team, I think ...
8. He'll do some shopping ...
9. I don't know ...
10.
I'll have been living there...
a. ... I won't insult him.
b. ... when I'll come back.
c. ... from ten till five.
d. ... and then he'll have lunch.
e. ... at home today.
f . ... I have as headache.
g. ... when I've finished with you.
h. ... they are going to win the match.
i. ... for 15 years next April.
j. .. . you'll phone me regularly.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
6. Correct the errors.
1. They are going to need a medical kit.
2. They won't arrive by then.
3. At 12 o'clock tomorrow he'll work.
4. Look at the sky. It will rain.
5. You smoke a lot. You are going to have headaches.
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6. When I come home my dog will sit at the door waiting for me.
7. We will finish all the work by 5 o'clock in the afternoon.
8. The temperature will be reaching 25°C.
9. She will have passed her exams successfully.
10. This time next week I will swim in the Black Sea.
REVIEW OF TENSES
1. Change the verbs in brackets into the correct form.
A FANTASY
When the ambassador of Escalopia 0 returned (return) home from lunch, his
wife 1 _____(get) a shock. He 2 ______ (look) pale and his clothes 3 _____ (be)
in a frightful state. "What 4 _________ (happen)?" she 5 ______ (ask). "How
6 _____ your clothes 7 _______ (get?), into such a mess?" "A fire extinguisher,
dear," 8 _____ (answer) the Ambassador dryly. "University students 9 _______
(set) the Embassy on fire this morning." "Good heavens!" 10_____ (exclaim) his
wife. "And where 11 _____ (be) in my office as usual," 13 _______(answer) the
Ambassador. "The fire 14 _____ (break out) in the basement. I 15 _____ (go
down) immediately, of course, and that fool, Horst, 16 ______ (aim) a fire extinguisher at me. He 17 _____ (think)118 _____ (be) on fire. I must definitely get
that fellow posted." The Ambassador's wife 19 ______ (go on) asking questions,
when she suddenly 20 _____ (notice) a big hole in her husband's hat. "And how
can you 21 ______ (explain) that?" she 22 ______ (ask). "Oh, that," 23 _______
(say) the Ambassador. Someone 24 _____ (fire) a shot through my office window. Accurate, don't you think? Fortunately, I 25 ______ (not wear) it at time. If
I 26 _____ (be) I 27 ______ (be able) to get home for lunch?"
2. Put in the correct verb form of the verbs in brackets.
The former Prime Minister, Mr Wentworth Lane, 0 was defeated (be defeated)
in the recent elections. He 1 _____ now 2 ______ (retire) from political life and
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3 _____(go) abroad. My friend, Crawley, 4 ______ always ______ (be)
a fanat-
ical opponent of Mr Lane's Radical Progressive Party. After the elections, Craw-ley 6
______(go) to the former Prime Minister's house. When he 7 _____ (ask)
if Mr Lane 8 ______ (live) there, the policeman on duty 9 ________ (tell) that
since his defeat, the ex-Prime Minister 10 _______ (go) abroad on the following
day, Crawley 11 _____ (go) to the house again. The same policeman 12 _______
just 13 ______ (walk) slowly past the entrance when Crawley 14 _______ (ask)
the same question. Though a little suspicious this time, the policeman 15 _______
(give) him the same answer. This time, the policeman 16 _______ (lose) his temper. "I 17 _______ (tell) you yesterday, and the day before yesterday," he
18 ____ (shout), "Mr Lane 19 ____________ (be defeated) in the elections. He
20 _____ (retire) from political life and 21 _______ (go) to live abroad!" "I
22 _____ (know)," 23 ______ (answer) Crawley, "but I 24 ______ (love) to
hear you 25 _____ (say) it!"
3. Underline the right verb form.
1. I thought/was thinking you had /was having much courage.
2. He did not go/had not gone to the cinema yesterday, as he will take/is
taking an exam tomorrow.
3. We are buying/are going to buy a new TV set.
4. How long did you live/have you lived here?
5. David finally sold/had sold his old car.
6. She is going/goes to post the letter she has written/wrote.
7. When you phoned/had phoned we had/were having lunch.
8. A month from now we are completing/will have completed our experiments.
9. He worked/had worked harder last year than he does/has done this year.
10. We stay/will stay in this resort as long as the weather keeps/will keep fine.
4. Choose the right answer.
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1. He ____________ the city he _____________ before his marriage.
a. had remembered
had known
b. remembered
c. remembered
had known
know
2. It ______ only an hour since I ______ his place.
a. was
left
b. was
had left
c. had been
left
3. That evening I ________ a letter when I _________ dinner.
a. received
was having
b. received
have been had
c. received
am having
4. "Come in, Jane; we _______________ you."
a. are expecting
b. expect
c. have been expecting
5. He _______________ writing the letters by 7 o'clock.
a. had finished
b. was finishing
c. finished
6. We ______________ this cottage long before the end of the spring.
a. have built
b. are building
c. have been building
7. She _____ from the chair in which she ________________ .
a. rose
sat
b. rose
had been sitting
c. rose
was sitting
8. "Hurry up! Your parents ____________ about you."
a. are worrying
b. will worry
9. "I____________ you tomorrow if you still
a. will help
need
b. am helping
need
c. will be worrying
. ______ help."
c. will help
will need
10. "I ______________ hungry. I _________ anything since yesterday."
a. am hungry
eat
b. have been hungry
have eaten
c. was hungry
hadn't eaten
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5. Match the two parts of the sentences.
1. When she looked out of the window ...
2. I wonder ...
3. I've finished my work ...
4. Tell me how ...
5. I bought a new house last year ...
6. I was afraid he would be angry if ...
7. When they were crossing the street ...
8. She is going to post the letter ...
9. I did not call him because ...
10. I can't go to the disco because ...
a. ... have a look at it, please.
b. ... we didn't finish the work in time.
c. ... I thought he was busy.
d. ... it was raining heavily.
e. ... I haven't done my homework yet.
f. ... what we will be doing in a year's time.
g. ... she has just written.
h. ... I'll recognise your brother.
i. ... a woman came towards them and asked the way to the Russian Museum,
i. ... I have not sold mv house vet.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
6. Correct the errors.
1. Do you wear a new coat?
2. "How long is he here?" she asked.
3. When he came home he saw that his sister went away.
4. If he'll come I'll give him a message.
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5. She has done her homework for four hours and doesn't finish yet.
6. What do you think we did ever since he came here?
7. By the time you finish cooking, they will do the washing up.
8. If she passes her exams successfully she goes to Italy.
9. Yesterday about 11 o'clock he had walked along Pennsylvania Avenue.
10. I hardly left home when it began to rain
МОДАЛЬНЫЕ ГЛАГОЛЫ
1. Модальные глаголы в английском языке: can, may, must, ought to, should, to
have to, to be to, need, shall, will, dare.
2. Модальные глаголы употребляются без частицы to (исключения: ought to, to
have to, to be to).
3. Все модальные глаголы представляют действие как необходимое,
возможное, желательное и т.д. с точки зрения говорящего.
4. Все модальные глаголы всегда употребляются в сочетании с инфинитивом.
CAN
MAY
1. Способность выполнить какоелибо действие (умственная,
физическая)
He can read a little French.
Can you write with your left hand?
Could the boy read before he went to
school? (необходимо сделать ссылку на
Неодобрение, упрек.
You might carry the bag for me. (в
настоящем или будущем)
You might have helped me.
(нереализованное действие в прошлом)
прошлое или из контекста должно быть
понятно, что действие связано с прошлым)
3. Вероятность какого-либо действия
I wonder where Tom is? – He could be
in the library.
I wonder why Bill isn’t here? – He could
still be waiting for a bus.
4. Реализованное действие в
прошлом
(to be able to, manage, to succeed,
couldn’t)
He was able to get the book. (смог)
Вероятность какого-либо действия.
(со статальными глаголами действие
рассматривается в настоящем)
I wonder Where Tom is? – He
may/might be in the library.
I wonder why Bill isn’t here? – He
may/might still be waiting for a bus.
He may/might tell his wife. (модальный
глагол + инфинитив = действие в будущем)
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He managed to swim across the river
last year. (удалось)
5. Сослагательное наклонение.
You could see the house from here
(действие рассматривается в настоящем или
будущем в зависимости от контекста и
переводится «могли бы»
He may/might be waiting at the station.
(модальный глагол + инфинитив в
длительной форме = вероятное действие в
момент разговора)
He may/might have gone. (модальный
глагол + инфинитив в перфектной форме =
совершенное действие)
You could have seen the house from
here if it hadn’t been so dark. (если
действие рассматривается в прошлом, то
всегда используется перфектная форма
инфинитива)
6. Возможность совершения какоголибо действия (в зависимости от
обстоятельств в настоящем, прошлом,
будущем или общая возможность)
You can see the forest through the other
window. (возможность благодаря
Возможность совершения какоголибо действия. (в зависимости от
обстоятельств)
You may order a taxi by telephone.
обстоятельствам)
You can (can’t) use the indefinite article
with this noun.
The temperature can sometimes reach
35C in July. (общая возможность)
7. Разрешение сделать что-либо и
обращение за разрешением.
(настоящее, будущее)
I can take a day off whenever I want.
You can park here. (я разрешаю, правила
разрешают, ты имеешь право это сделать)
He can take the car. (ему разрешено)
They can phone the office. (они имеют
право)
Can I/Could I use your car?
Разрешение сделать что-либо и
обращение за разрешением.
I may leave the office as soon as I have
finished. (нетипично с первым лицом)
You may park here. (говорящий дает
разрешение)
He may take my car. (говорящий дает
разрешение)
May I? (немного формальнее чем can)
Might I? (говорящий не очень уверен в
положительном ответе)
Запомнить!
1. Эквивалентом may являются perhaps, maybe, it is possible, для выражения
разрешения используется to be allowed to (если разрешение получено, то
используется только to be allowed to)
2. Фразы с модальным глаголом can: can’t help doing smth. означает не могу
удержаться от …или не могу не делать (чего-то); can’t but do something
означает (мне) ничего другого не остается, как …; can’t (couldn’t) possibly do
something означает не могу (не мог) сделать… .
3. Фразы с модальным глаголом may; (первое лицо) I may as well do something
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означает намерение сделать что-либо и часто переводится я пожалуй сделаю
что-то; (второе лицо) you may as well (not) do something означает
рекомендацию или совет и переводится с таким же успехом можно (не)
делать что-то.
4. Выражение идеи вероятности с модальным глаголом may/might в
вопросительных предложениях нетипично. В этом случае используются фразы
do you think or to be + likely:
Do you think he is alone?
Is it likely that the plane we’ll be late?
Is the plane likely to be late?
4. Типично употребление глагола can с глаголами восприятия see, hear, smell,
taste, feel, а также с глаголами understand, remember.
Сделайте упражнение по образцу.
A: Can you swim and dive?
B: I can swim but I can't dive.
1. Can the baby walk and run?
2. Can she act and sing?
3. Can he read and write?
4. Can you draw and paint?
5. Can you ski and skate?
6. Can you drive and read a map?
7. Can you milk a cow and make butter?
8. Can you wash and iron?
9. Can you light a fire and put up a tent?
10.Can you understand and speak English?
11.Can you take a temperature and give injections?
12.Can you make biscuits and cakes?
13.Can you play cards and do card tricks?
14.Can you stand on your head and walk on your hands?
Используйте форму can при переводе на английский язык
1. Мы не можем помочь вам
2. Она не умеет влиять (influence) на людей.
3. Я не могу ждать вас.
4. Они могут водить машину?
5. Мой друг не может прийти ко мне в выходной день.
6. Это не может остановить нас.
7. Они могут путешествовать часто.
8. Я не могу работать с ним.
9. Он не может следовать его совету.
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10. Она может сделать карьеру в бизнесе.
11. Мои дети не могут говорить по-английски.
12. Я могу купить новую машину.
13. Он не может контролировать нашу работу.
14. Мои друзья могут помочь мне.
15. Мы не можем ждать их.
Используйте форму could при переводе на английский язык
1. Он не смог сделать карьеру.
2. Oна могла помочь ему.
3. Мы не могли ждать вас.
4. Я могла пойти на вечеринку.
5. Мой друг не мог найти время для этого.
6. Мой шеф не мог подписать контракт.
7. Она не могла понять их.
8. Она не смогла забыть его.
9. Я не мог сделать карьеру два года назад.
10. Мои дети не могли играть в футбол.
11. Я могла поверить его друзьям.
12. Oна не могла водить машину.
13. Вы могли прийти вчера.
14. Он не мог работать в этом офисе.
15. Мы могли дать хороший совет.
Используйте формы can, couldn’t в общих и специальных вопросах при
переводе на английский язык.
1. Разве они не могут принять участие в выставке?
2. Разве он не может быть вежливым с женщинами?
3. Неужели она не может дать им эту информацию?
4. Разве я не могу работать лучше?
5. Разве я не могу пойти на вечеринку?
1. Где он может ее встретить?
2. Почему мы не можем дать ему денег?
3. Почему она не может быть дома сегодня?
4. Почему они не могут хорошо готовить?
5. Где он может быть сейчас?
Используйте can, could, shall/will be able
Part 1.
1. . . . you stand on your head? ~
I . . . when I was at school but I . . . now. (2nd verb negative)
184
2. When I've passed my driving test I . . . hire a car from our local garage.
3 I . . . remember the address, (negative) ~
. . . you even remember the street? (negative)
4. When the fog lifts we . . . see where we are.
.
5. You've put too much in your rucksack; you never . . . carry all that.
6. When I was a child I . . . understand adults, and now that I am an adult I . . .
understand children, (negative, negative)
7. Don't try to look at all the pictures in the gallery. Otherwise when you get home
you . . . remember any of them. (negative)
8. When I first went to Spain I . . . read Spanish but I . . . speak it. (2nd verb
negative)
9. ...you type?~
Yes, I . . . type but I . . . do shorthand, (2nd verb negative)
10. I'm locked in. I . . . get out! (negative) ~
. . . you squeeze between the bars? (negative) ~
No! I . . .; I'm too fat. (negative)
11. When Robert was younger he … run quite fast.
12. How long … you play the guitar?
13. I’m sorry but I (not) … come to the party on Saturday.
14. I (not) … sleep very well recently.
15. Ask Ann about your problem. I think she … help you.
Part 2.
Используйте could and was able
В некоторых предложениях возможно использовать как could, так и was able.
1. He was very strong; he . . . ski all day and dance all night.
2. The car plunged into the river. The driver . . . get out but the passengers were
drowned.
3. I was a long way from the stage. I . . . see all right but I . . . hear very well.
(2nd verb negative)
4. We . . . borrow umbrellas; so we didn't get wet.
5. . . . you walk or did they have to carry you?
6. I had no key so I . . . lock the door. (negative)
7. I knew the town so I . . . advise him where to go.
8. At five years old he . . . read quite well.
9. When I arrived everyone was asleep. Fortunately I . . . wake my sister and she let
me in.
10. The swimmer was very tired but he . . . reach the shore before he collapsed.
11. I looked very carefully and I … see a figure in the distance.
12. The boy fell into the river but fortunately we … rescue him.
13. … you speak French before you went to live in Paris? – I (not) … speak it very
well.
14. My car broke down and I (not) … drive it for a week.
185
15. They didn’t have any tomatoes in the first shop I went to, but I … get some in the
next shop.
Part 3
В некоторых предложениях используйте could для выражения вежливой
просьбы.
1. . . . I speak to Mr Pitt, please?~
I'm afraid he's out at the moment. . . . you ring back later?
2. If a letter comes for me . . . you please forward it to this address?
3. She made the wall very high. The boys . . . climb over it. (negative)
4. They took his passport. He . . . leave the country, (negative)
5. . . . you tell me the time, please? ~
I'm afraid 1. . . . I haven't got a watch. (negative)
6. . . . you lend me Ј5? ~
No, I . . . (negative)
7. He says that he saw Clementine drowning but . . . help her as he . . . swim.
(negative, negative)
8. (not) … I stay up till the end of the programme?
9. By the way, … you … find that tie you borrowed last night?
10. … you please send me an application form?
Измените предложения, используя сan или could
1. The sea is often rough in the harbour.
2. She is bad tempered at times.
3. She was often rude when she was a girl.
4. It is often cold here in winter.
5. He was often helpful when he wanted to be.
6. He was often naughty when he was a boy.
7. Winter here is often really cold.
Заполните пропуски формами could или be able to.
When I was at school I … speak German quite well, but last week I met a German at
a party and I … (not understand) a word he said. He spoke a little English and he …
(tell) me that he was staying in England only for a few days. He was a nice man. He
didn’t look German, in fact he … (be) English from his appearance. He invited me to
Germany next summer and I would go if I … (afford) it. Mary speaks German and
she … (come) with me if I went. My boss said that I … (take) my holiday in June if I
wanted to. After the party my car wouldn’t start, but the German Gentleman was
staying near where I live so he … (take) me home in his car. Then, when I got home,
I found I didn’t have a key, but the kitchen window was open so I … (climb) in.
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Переведите предложения с русского на английский.
1. Я думаю, что вы смогли бы уговорить его.
2. Несмотря на шторм, он смог доплыть до берега.
3. Он сможет говорить по-французски, если проведет два года в Париже.
4. Когда я был молодым, я мог пройти 30 километров в день.
5. Почему ты не сказал мне раньше? – Я бы мог купить эту книгу в Лондоне.
6. Хорошо, если бы ты мог пойти с нами. – К сожалению, не могу.
7. Вы сможете отвезти меня завтра в аэропорт? – Конечно.
8. Эту книгу можно купить в любом магазине.
9. Я смогу перевести эту статью, если ты дашь мне хороший словарь.
10. Погода была хорошая, и мы могли бы гулять в парке каждое утро.
11. Погода сегодня хорошая, и мы могли бы погулять.
12. Жаль, что брата нет дома. Он бы смог помочь тебе.
13. Она много занималась, и ей удалось сдать экзамен.
14. Ты смог починить телевизор вчера? – Нет, я попытаюсь сделать это сегодня.
15. Я был тогда свободен. Я смог бы помочь тебе.
16. Мы смогли перевезти все товары в течение десяти дней.
17. Он не сможет дать ответ, пока не обдумает вопрос как следует.
18. Я мог бы прийти пораньше, если это необходимо.
19. Было так темно, что мы ничего не видели.
20. Ты не сможешь перевести название, если не прочитаешь статью до конца.
21. Хотя пилот был тяжело ранен, он смог объяснить, что произошло.
22. Ребенок сможет ходить через несколько недель.
23. Я не могу заплатить вам сегодня. Вы можете подождать до завтра?
24. Вы могли бы вести дела самостоятельно?
25. Он сказал, что потерял паспорт и не мог выехать из страны.
26. Я бы мог одолжить тебе денег. Почему ты не попросил у меня?
27. Зима здесь бывает очень холодной.
28. Мы смогли достать билеты на матч вчера.
29. Он бывал очень капризным, когда был ребенком.
30. Он смог вас встретить? – Да, но он не смог отвезти нас в гостиницу.
Разрешение сделать что-либо и обращение за разрешением: can, could, may,
might, be allowed to
Проанализируйте образцы:
1. – Could I go home early, Steve? I don’t feel very well.
- Yes, of course. What’s the matter?
- I feel dizzy.
2. – Can I see my sister, doctor?
- I’m afraid, you can’t. She’s being examined by the professor now.
3. – Could I borrow your car tonight?
- Actually, I need it myself. Sorry.
4. – May I take this book/
187
- No, please don’t. I haven’t finished it yet.
5. – Might I use your bicycle?
- No, I’m afraid not. Sorry.
6. – Could I possibly use your phone?
- Sure.
7. – Can(May) I come in for a moment?
- Please do.
8. – I wonder if I might take the day off?
- No, sorry. You ought to finish the report.
9. – Could I have a look at your magazine?
- Yes, of course.
10. – Do you think I could close the window?
- Please do.
11. – Could I possibly borrow your bike for half an hour?
- Of course you can.
12. – Can I go swimming now?
- Please don’t.
13. – May I bring a friend this afternoon/
- Sure.
14. – Can I stay here for a while?
- Certainly.
15. – Can I speak to Emily?
- I’m afraid you can’t. she’s out.
Перефразируйте по образцу.
1. Thank you for not smoking. You may not smoke here.
2. No camping or picnicking ____________________________
3. Fishing strictly forbidden ____________________________
4. Campers welcome __________________________________
5. Private – Keep Out __________________________________
6. No parking ________________________________________
7. Do not lean out of the window _________________________
8. Leave your litter here ________________________________
9. No stopping _______________________________________
10. Do not walk on the grass ____________________________
11. Do not feed the animals _____________________________
Составьте мини-диалоги о том, что вы можете делать при достижении
определенного возраста в Британии.
These are the legal ages when you are allowed to do things in Britain.
Drive a car – 17
Ride a moped – 16
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Buy cigarettes – 16
Vote in elections – 18
Join the army – 16
Get married with your parents permission – 16
Get married without your parent’s permission – 18
A: When are you allowed to drive a car?
B: You’re allowed to drive a car when you’re seventeen.
A: What about a moped?
B: You’re not allowed to ride a moped until you’re sixteen.
Переведите с русского на английский
1. Вчера детям разрешили не идти в школу из-за погоды.
2. Доктор, мне можно купаться в море? – Да, но только не купайтесь слишком
долго.
3. Вы можете взять любую из этих книг.
4. Здесь нельзя переходить улицу. Это очень опасно.
5. Можно мне задать вопрос? – Конечно, только не знаю, смогу ли я на него
ответить.
6. Врач сказал, что я могу позвонить ему после 5.00.
7. Скажи ей, что она может прислать мне e-mail, если понадобится моя помощь.
8. Можно мне взять ваш словарь? – Боюсь, что нет. Он мне нужен самой.
9. Вам разрешается пользоваться словарем на экзаменах?
10. Можно мне уйти с урока пораньше? – А в чем дело? – У меня заболела
мама.
11. После аварии ему не разрешается водить машину.
12. Босс сказал, что я могу воспользоваться его телефоном.
13. У меня была виза, и мне разрешили пересечь границу.
14. Когда он был ребенком, ему разрешалось делать все, что ему захочется.
15. Здесь курить не разрешается.
Сделайте мини-монологи по образцу.
In a cinema
Stand up during the film/ eat and drink/ smoke?
You aren’t allowed to stand up during the film/ You are allowed to eat and drink if
you don’t make a noise. You aren’t allowed to smoke.
1. in a library
Talk loudly/ run about/ sit and read?
2. on a plane
Play a computer game/ open the door/ talk to the pilot?
3. in a museum
Take photographs/ touch things/ talk to the museum attendants?
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5. in a public park
pick the flowers/ play football/ drop litter?
6. at school
eat during lessons/ listen to music/ shout?
Идея вероятности с формами may/might
May + глагол в форме инфинитива = действие в настоящем (со
статальными глаголами) или будущем:
She may be ill
He might be too nervous
She may not know the way
He may come soon
May/might + глагол в длительной форме = действие в настоящем:
They may still be waiting for her
He might be watching television
He may be working for Jones
May/might + глагол в перфектной форме = результативное действие:
He may have gone
She may have misunderstood you
They may have forgotten where we live.
may/might + perfect infinitive
A: Perhaps she took it with her.
B: Well, she may have taken it away with her, I suppose. (might could also be used.)
Perhaps ...
1. he stole it.
2. she sold it.
3. you lost it. (Use 'I' in the answer.)
4. she drank it.
5. he threw it away.
6. she left it at home.
7. he ate it.
8. they hid it in the attic (чердак).
9. he burnt it.
10.she tore it up.
11.she forgot to claim it.
12.they had an accident.
13.their car broke down. (Use it as subject.)
14.he advised them not to come.
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15.he fell overboard.
16.they got lost.
17.he was murdered.
18.something delayed (задерживать) them. (Keep something.)
20.he took the wrong drug (лекарство).
may/might be working and may/might have been working
(a)
A: Perhaps he is working for Jones.
B: Yes, he may be working for Jones.
(b)
A: Perhaps he was working for Jones.
B: Yes, he may have been working for Jones.
Both exercises can also b done with might instead of may.
(a) Perhaps ...
1. he is waiting for someone.
2. they are wondering what to
do.
3. she is trying to confuse us.
4. they are window-shopping.
5. she is expecting a letter from
us.
6. he is blackmailing her.
7. they are working overtime.
8. he is looking for another job.
9. he is listening at the keyhole.
10.they are watching television.
11.he is following us.
12.he is learning karate.
13.she is telling his fortune.
14.he is showing her the way.
15.she is doing exercises.
16.they are burying something.
17.she is bird-watching.
18.she is comparing prices.
19.he is taking drugs.
20.they are helping the police.
(b) Perhaps ...
1. he was waiting for
someone.
2. they were wondering what
to do.
i.e. just as in (a), but replacing
is/are by was/were
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MAY
Используйте may/might в предложениях (в 8 и 33 используйте be allowed)
1 It - . . rain, you'd better take a coat.
2 He said that it . . . rain.
3 We . . . as well stay here till the weather improves.
4 . . . I borrow your umbrella?
5. You . . . tell me! (I think I have a right to know.)
6. Candidates . . . not bring textbooks into the examination room.
7. . . . I come in? ~
Please do.
8. When he was a child he . . . (they let him) do exactly as he liked.
9. I think I left my glasses in your office. You . . . ask your secretary to look for them
for me. (request)
10. He . . . be my brother (I admit that he is) but I don't trust him.
11. I . . . never see you again.
12. He... be on the next train. We . . . as well wait.
13. The police . . . (have a right to) ask a driver to take a breath test.
14. You ought to buy now; prices . . . go up.
15. I'll wait a week so that he . . . have time to think it over.
16. He isn't going to eat it; 1... as well give it to the dog.
17. You . . . at least read the letter. (/ think you should.)
18. You . . . have written, (I am annoyed/disappointed that you didn 't.)
19. We'd better be early; there . . . be a crowd.
20. Nobody knows how people first came to these islands. They . . . have sailed from
South America on rafts.
21. You . . . (have permission to) use my office.
22. He said that we . . . use his office whenever we liked.
23. I don't think I'll succeed but I . . . as well try.
24. You ought to go to his lectures, you . . . learn something.
25. If we can give him a blood transfusion we . . . be able to save his life.
26. Two parallel white lines in the middle of the road mean that you . . . not overtake.
27. If I bought a lottery ticket I . . . win Ј1,000.
28. If you said that, he . . . be very offended.
29. I wonder why they didn't go. ~
The weather . . . have been too bad.
30. Warning: No part of this book . . . be reproduced without the publisher's
permission.
31. He has refused, but he . . . change his mind if you asked him again.
32. . . . I see your passport, please?
33. He . . . (negative) drive since his accident. (They haven't let him drive.)
192
Заполните пропуски формами may, might, could
1. Every time I phone Jane, it’s engaged. It’s very annoying. I suppose she … (try) to
phone me while I’m phoning her. I’ll wait a while.
2. I can’t help worrying when Jack is late back home. I always think that he … (have)
an accident, and that he … (lie) on the side of the road with ambulances and police
cars all about him. I know it’s irrational. Wait a minute! It’s Tuesday today, isn’t
it? He works late some Tuesdays. He … (not leave) the office yet, I’ll give him a
ring.
3. I wonder why Helen has got all these books on Greece from the library. I suppose
she … (think) of going there on holiday. On the other hand, she … (not get) them
out for herself. They … (be) for Henry. He … (write) a project on Greece for his
geography course.
Сделайте упражнение по образцу, используя формулу might + have done для
выражения действия, которое могло случиться, но не произошло (действие,
как правило, имеет негативный характер).
A: I drove very fast but I didn’t have an accident.
B: Yes, but you might have had an accident.
1. I ran out into the street without looking and nothing happened to me.
2. I drank two bottles of whisky and I didn’t die afterwards.
3. I shouted at the boss but he didn’t sack me.
4. I didn’t set the alarm clock and I didn’t oversleep the next morning, either.
5. They built the house with very cheap materials and it didn’t fall down.
6. I didn’t lock my car last night but it wasn’t stolen.
Переведите предложения с русского на английский
1. Ты был не так уж сильно занят. Ты мог бы нам помочь.
2. Спроси его, можно ли нам осмотреть лабораторию?
3. Он мог бы сделать это для вас. Эму это совсем не трудно.
4. Он чуть не разбил окно.
5. Она, возможно опоздает.
6. Они, возможно, работают над этой же проблемой.
7. К вечеру может пойти дождь.
8. Их, возможно, не было вчера в городе.
9. Вы, возможно, слышали его имя.
10. У него большая семья. Я могу себе представить, что он, возможно, ищет
работу получше.
11. Может быть, он сейчас в гостинице и ждет меня.
12. Я чуть не опоздал на последний автобус.
13. Они, возможно, подумали, что мы не придем в такой дождь.
14. Гроза может начаться в любой момент.
193
15. Я, может быть, не упоминал об этом в своих сообщениях.
Модальный глагол can (дополнительная информация)
Запомните:
1. неопределенность, сомнение (всегда в вопросительных предложениях)
Can (could) he really be ill?
Can (could) she be telling lies?
Can (could) he have said it?
Can (could) she have been waiting for us so long?
Предложения подобного типа переводятся: Неужели это правда? Неужели он
болен? и т.д.
2. невероятность (всегда в отрицательных предложениях)
He can’t be really ill.
She can’t be telling lies.
He can’t have said it.
She can’t have been waiting for us so long.
Предложения подобного типа переводятся: Не может быть (невероятно), чтобы
он был болен; Не может быть, чтобы она лгала.
3. Специальные вопросы в эмоционально окрашенной речи.
What can (could) he mean?
What can (could) he be doing?
What can (could) he have done?
На русский язык такие предложения переводятся: И что это он имеет в виду? и
т.д.
Сделайте упражнение по образцу.
1. He is a liar – can he be a liar?
2. She is still waiting for you.
3. He has won the race.
4. He was promoted.
5. Jane is in love with Peter.
6. She has done it.
7. They are still playing football.
8. She speaks five languages.
9. She enjoys football.
10. Dobson scored two goals.
11. He was studying the whole night.
12. He was waiting for you all this time.
13. She has enjoyed the performance.
14. It is true.
15. She has passed the exam.
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16. Jane has accepted his proposal.
17. She has been walking in the park the whole night.
Translate from Russian into English.
1. Неужели это правда?
2. He может быть, чтобы это была правда.
3. Неужели они проиграли матч?
4. Не может быть, чтобы они проиграли матч.
5. Неужели он верит этому?
6. Не может быть, чтобы она вам об этом рассказала.
7. Не может быть, чтобы она вам об этом не рассказывала.
8. Не мог он этого сказать.
9. Не может быть, чтобы они уже сделали эту работу. Они
приступили к ней только вчера.
10. Неужели они опять поссорились?
11. Не мог он заблудиться. Он здесь был несколько раз.
12. Неужели он пользовался машиной в мое отсутствие?
13. Неужели ей не нравится балет?
14. Неужели они ждали нас все это время?
15. Не может быть, чтобы они были близкими друзьями.
16. Не может быть, чтобы он бросил музыку.
17.Не может быть, чтобы она ошиблась.
18. Неужели сестры так похожи?
19. Невероятно, чтобы он не сдал экзамен.
20. Ты не мог проголодаться. Мы основательно пообедали два часа
назад.
21. Не может быть, чтобы они уже приехали. Поезд должен
прибыть в 7 часов.
22. Неужели он не пригласил вас на свадьбу?
23. Не может быть, чтобы она сделала такую глупость.
24. Не мог он этого не заметить.
25. Не может быть, чтобы вас послали ко мне. Я не имею к этому
никакого отношения.
26. Неужели он видел их?
27. Где он мог их видеть?
28. Не может быть, чтобы они ждали нас.
29. Неужели они ждут нас?
30. Кого же они могут ждать?
31. Неужели ты сам это написал?
32. Он не мог не осознавать опасности.
33. Неужели он не позвонил тебе вчера? Он сказал, что собирается
сделать это.
34. Кэт запаздывает. Что с ней могло случиться?
35. Детей нет дома. Куда они могли уйти?
195
Переведите предложения на русский язык (с модальными глаголами
can (could), may (might).
1. Возможно, будет дождь.
2. Возможно, дождя не будет.
3. Не может быть, чтобы пошел дождь.
4. Неужели будет дождь?
5. Может быть, он уже видел их.
6. Может быть, он и не видел их.
7. Не может быть, чтобы он видел их.
8. Просто не может быть, чтобы он видел их.
9. Неужели он видел их.
10. Где он мог их видеть?
11. Возможно, они ждут нас.
12. Возможно, они не ждут нас.
13. Не может быть, чтобы они ждали нас.
14. Неужели они ждут нас?
15. Кого же они могут ждать?
16. Не может быть, чтобы они ждали нас.
17. Я, пожалуй. пойду.
18. Я, пожалуй, лучше останусь дома.
19. Я чуть не потерял ключи.
20. Все могло бы быть гораздо хуже.
21. Погода – хуже некуда.
22. Мне ничего не оставалось делать, как остаться с ними.
23. Я не мог не согласиться с ними.
24. Мне это совершенно безразлично.
В. 1. I'm sure John's been held up in a traffic jam.
2. He said he did the journey in three hours (за три часа)? That's
impossible.
3. Perhaps Ben has decided to have an early night (лечь спать
пораньше).
4. I'm sure the tram left early.
5. That wasn't an elephant, surely. It was too small.
6 It's highly likely you dropped the envelope as you were running for the
bus.
7. There's a chance that one of our employees has double -booked
(дважды произвести заказ) your ticket.
8. I'm sure they decided to take the train after all.
9. Maybe they missed the turning.
196
10. The boy was evidently reading something funny. He was smiling all
the time.
11. The boy is probably reading something funny. He is smiling all the
time.
12. It is possible that they left it in the car.
13. I'm certain that he has heard the gong.
14. It is impossible that he should have refused your request.
15. I don't believe that he has done the work carelessly.
16. Is it possible that this old man is her brother?
17. My students are certainly at a lecture now.
18. Is it possible that they have already left?
19. Perhaps they are having a party.
Supply must be, can't be, or mustn't be.
1. The meeting is at 10 o'clock sharp and you ... late. 2. You ...at the
station ten minutes before the departure of the train. 3. The children ... tired
already! We've only been walking for ten minutes! 4. The children ... thirsty.
They haven't had a drink for hours. 5. Did you hear that? It ... someone
walking about in our garden. 6, I don't recognize the handwriting on this
envelope. It... from anyone we know. 7. Your handwriting ... clear, otherwise
no one will be able to read it. 8. You ... a nuisance when you're a guest in
someone's house. 9. Don't panic! We ... late for the train. It doesn't leave till
10.05. 10. We ... late for the train or we'll miss our connection.
Supply must have been, can't/couldn't have been, have
to/had to (be), didn't have to (be).
1. He knows a lot about flying planes. He ... a pilot when he was young.
2. Vera ... at the supermarket this morning. I didn't see her there. 3. John ... at
the bank till 10, so he only arrived here five minutes ago. 4. When ... she ... at
the hospital? — Early this morning. 5. We had enough foreign currency left at
the end of the holiday, so I ... buy any more. 6. Monica knew exactly what to
do. I ... tell her twice. 7. There are so many nice things for tea, I think you ...
expecting us. 8. There ... an accident on South Street because the road is
closed off. 9. You ... waiting long. After all, I'm only five minutes late. 10.
When I was a boy we ... sitting at our desks working before the boss got in.
11.1 left a message on your answer phone last night. You ... out. 12. The fire
alarm went and we ... out of the building in two minutes.
Put in must be/must have been, can't be/can't have been, had to be or
didn't have to be.
Tracy Evans ... at work till ten, so she ignored her alarm clock. But she
woke up with a start when she heard a strange sound coming from her
wardrobe! What was it? It... a mouse, Tracy thought. No, it ... . She knew
197
there were no mice in her room. I ... careful, Tracy said to herself as she
opened the wardrobe. There, in front of her, was the lovely pair of wedge shaped sandals she had bought the day before. Then she heard the sound
again! 'It ... coming from my sandals!' she cried. She picked them up and, sure
enough, one of them was 'talking'! Tracy ... at work at ten, but she still had
enough time to visit Mr Lucas, her shoemaker. He removed the wooden heel
and they were both amazed to see a white larva eating the wood. Mr . Pope, of
the Natural History Museum, solved the mystery. 'These shoes ... (import)
from Brazil. An insect ... (lay) its eggs in the tree from which the shoes were
made,' he explained.
Fill the spaces in the following sentences by using must, can't and
needn't -+ perfect infinitive of the verbs in brackets.
1. Did you hear me come in last night? — No, I ... (be) asleep. 2. I
wonder who broke the wineglass; it ... (be) the cat for she was out all day. 3.
You ... (help) him. (You helped him but he didn't need help.) 4. I had my
umbrella when I went out but I haven't got it now. — You ... (leave) it on the
bus. 5. He ... (escape) by this window because it is barred. 6. I ... (give) £ 10 .
£ 5 would have been enough. 7. I saw a rattlesnake near the river yesterday. —
You ... (see) a rattlesnake. There aren't any rattlesnakes in this country. 8. He
is back already. — He ... (start) very early. 9. I bought two bottles of milk. —
You ... (buy) milk; we have heaps in the house. 10. I phoned you at nine this
morning but got no answer. — I'm sorry. I ... (be) in the garden. 11. I left my
bicycle here and now it's gone. — Someone ... (borrow) it. 12. When she woke
up her watch had vanished. — Someone ... (steal) it while she slept. 13. I've
opened another bottle. — You ... (do) that. We've only just started this one.
14. Perhaps he swam across. — No, he ... (do) that; he can't swim. 15. Do you
remember reading about it in the newspapers? — No, I ... (be) abroad at the
time. 16. He ... (walk) from here to London in two hours. It i sn't possible. 17.
We went to a restaurant and had a very good dinner for £ 3. — You ... (have) a
very good dinner if you only paid £ 3. 18. I have just watered the roses. —
You ... (water) them. Look, it's raining now! 19. That carpet was made
entirely by hand. — It ... (take) a long time. 20. The door was open. — It ...
(be) open. I had locked it myself and the key was in my pocket. 21. He said he
watered the plants every day. — He ... (water) them. If he had they wouldn't
have died. 22. We've sent for a doctor. — You ... (send) for him. I am
perfectly well. 23. I've made two copies. — You ... (make) two. One would
have been enough. 24. I had to get down the mountain in a thick fog. —
That... (be) difficult. 25. I saw Ann in the library yesterday. — You ... (see)
her; she is still abroad. 26. You ... (lend) him your map. He has one of his
own. 27. He was found unconscious at the foot of the cliff. He ... (fall) 200
metres. 28. Jane took Spot for a walk and he disappeared. He ... (steal). 29.
Lucy looks upset. She ... (give) a bad mark. 30. I found this book on my desk
when I came to class. It ... (leave) by one of the students in the earlier class.
198
XXXIV. Translate from Russian into English.
1. Вероятно, они разговаривают по-немецки, но я почти ничего не
понимаю. 2. Вероятно, у нее ушло много времени на то, чтобы добраться
сюда. 3. Вряд ли он будет возражать против нашего предложения. 4.
Матч, очевидно, не состоится. 5. Несчастный случай произошел, по всей
вероятности, из-за его невнимательности. 6. Должно быть, он не заметил,
как она вышла из зала. 7. Мы едем, вероятно, около часа, а лагеря все еще
не видно. 8. Он сказал, что я, должно быть, знаю ее. Я встречался с ней
на конференциях. 9. Ей, должно быть, не прислали пригласительный
билет, поэтому она не пришла. 10. Его мать опять в больнице. Она,
должно быть, серьезно больна. 11. Он, должно быть, ждет нас в
институте. 12.-Он, по всей вероятности, забыл, что обещал прийти. 13.
Должно быть, он не хочет вмешиваться. 14. Он спит, вероятно, уже около
трех часов. 15. Посылку, вероятно, пошлют не позже 5 июля. 16. Ты,
наверное, никогда не надевала это платье. Оно совсем новое. 17. Должно
быть, они поссорились. Я его не вижу у нас последнее время. 18. Где
Ник? — Вероятно, он пошел осматривать достопримечательности города.
19. Она, должно быть, гостит у своих друзей. Она писала, что собирается
провести свой отпуск у них. 20. Где письмо? — Вероятно, его уже
отослали. 21. Он, должно быть, не узнал ее. Она так изменилась. 22.
Товары, должно быть, были упакованы очень небрежно. 23. Им, вероятно,
сообщили об этом несколько дней тому назад. 24. Она, должно быть,
была очень рада встретиться с вами. 25. Я нигде не вижу документы. По видимому, он унес их с собой. 26. По-видимому, это не было сделано
вовремя. 27. В доме тихо. Дети, очевидно, в школе. 28. У нее самый
красивый сад в деревне. Она, очевидно, им гордится. 29. Не может быть,
чтобы она вышла за него замуж. Одно время он ей не нравился. 30.
Неужели она ходила на матч? Я думал, она не любит футбол. 31. Неужели
ты все это время спал? Сейчас уже три часа. 32. Не может быть, чтобы он
ушел без разрешения. Это на него не похоже. 33. Не может быть, чтобы
она это сказала. Она всегда так тактична. 34. Он, вероятно, уже ушел. —
Не может быть, чтобы он ушел, не повидав меня! 35. Неужели он уже
получил мое письмо? 36. Неужели он не получил мое письмо? 37. Не
может быть, чтобы они сейчас работали в саду. Идет сильный дождь. 38.
Нет, я не верю этому, не могла она меня обмануть. 39. Не может быть,
чтобы друзья не помогли тебе. 40. Неужели он встречал ее раньше? 41.
Неужели ты не интересуешься политикой? 42. Не может быть, чтобы он
не сдержал своего обещания. 43. Не может быть, чтобы они нас заметили.
Мы были довольно далеко от них. 44. Не может быть, чтобы они нас не
заметили. Мы были совсем близко. 45. Вероятно, ему не сообщили, что
собрание перенесено. 46. Цифры, должно быть, не были проверены. 47.
Он, возможно, приедет завтра, так как он, должно быть, получил нашу
телеграмму. 48. Эта книга, может быть, показалась ему скучной, но он,
должно быть, прочел ее очень внимательно, так как он помнит все
подробности. 49. Он сказал, что он, возможно, вернется в мае. 50. Если
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бы все меры были приняты, этого могло бы не произойти. 51. Неужели он
сказал это? Он, должно быть, был очень сердит на вас. 52. Мои слова,
вероятно, не убедили его. Он продолжал спорить. 53. Незачем вам было
ходить туда. Они могли бы сами прийти. 54. Неужели вы им поверили?
Они, скорее всего, пошутили над вами. 55. Я не могу понять, почему Энн
не пришла на собрание. Не может быть, чтобы она забыла о нем, она,
наверное, заболела. 56. Не может быть, чтобы она прочла эту книгу за два
дня; она, возможно, только просмотрела ее. 57. Не может быть, чтобы я
потеряла билет, я могла положить его в сумку. 58. Он не смог получить
книгу, потому что библиотека была закрыта. 59. Не может быть, чтобы он
получил книгу, ведь библиотека была закрыта. 60. Где ключ? — Не знаю.
Ольга могла взять его с собой по ошибке. — Не может быть, чтобы она
его взяла. У нее ничего не было в руках, когда она уход ила. 61. Он,
возможно, не был там вчера. 62. Возможно ли, чтобы он был там вчера?
63. Не может быть, чтобы он был там вчера. 64. Неужели он не смог
доказать свою точку зрения? 65. Я не мог не думать об этом.
Use should/ought to, or mast in the following.
1. Look at all the people standing in line to get into that movie. It ... be
a good movie. 2. Let's go to the lecture tonight. It ... be interesting. 3. Look.
Jack's car is in frent of his house. He ... be at home. Let's stop and visit him. 4.
A: Hello. May I speak to Jack? B: He isn't here right now. A: What time do
you expect him? B: He ... be home around nine or so. 5. A: Who do you think
is going to win the game tomorrow? B: Well, our team has better players, so
we ... win, but you never know. Anything can happen in sports. 6. A: What
time are you going to arrive? B: Well, the trip takes about four hours. I think
I'll leave sometime around noon, so I ... get there around four. 7. A: Susie is
yawning and rubbing her eyes. B: She ... be sleepy. Let's put her to bed early
tonight. 8. Hmmm. I wonder what's causing the delay. Ellen's plane ... have
been here an hour ago. 9. I thought I had a dollar in my purse, but I don't. I ...
have spent it. 10. Ed has been acting strangely lately. He ... be in love. 11.
Forty minutes ... She ... have been back for her rest hour by now.
Rephrase the sentences using the correct form of the words in brackets.
1. I'm sure she is in bed. (must) 2. We'll probably arrive before 11
o'clock, (should) 3. Perhaps he was ill. (may) 4. It's impossible that they
missed the plane, (can't) 5. Perhaps she'll phone later, (might) 6. I'll probably
be at home by 6 o'clock, (should) 7. Perhaps they went home, (could) 8. It's
impossible that he's telling the truth, (can't) 9. I'm sure you've h eard the news,
(must) 10. Perhaps I won't go out this evening, (may) 11. It's impossible that
she saw us. (can't) 12. I'm sure the bus has left, (must) 13. Perhaps he didn't
apply for the job. (might) 14. She'll probably be here soon, (ought to) .
Complete the sentences with the appropriate form of the words in
parentheses. Add not if necessary for a sentence to make sense.
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1.A: I need to see Tom. Where is he?
B: In his room. Knock on his door softly. He (might + take) a nap.
When I walked into the room, the TV was on but the room was empty. Dad
(must + watch) TV a short while before I came into the room. He (must +
forget) to turn the TV off before he left the room.
Michael wanted to go to the opera, but he put off buying a ticket and now
they're all sold. He (should -f buy) his ticket weeks ago. He (should + wait)
until now to try to get a ticket.
Bob was stopped by a police officer last night. He (must + drive) too fast
when she clocked him on her radar. She gave him a speed ticket.
5. A: Why didn't Jack answer the teacher when she asked him a
question?
B: He was too busy staring out of the window. He (must + daydream).
He (should + pay attention). He (should + stare) out of the
windows during class yesterday.
6. Why do you ask my opinion? You have been in the business much
longer, you (ought to + know) better.
7. A: Where's your bicycle?
В: I don't know. One of my friends (may -f borrow) it.
I hope it wasn't stolen. Maybe Sally borrowed it.
A: Sally? She (could + borrow) it. She has a broken leg.
Why should she want to borrow your bicycle?
Renny drove her to the train. He (should -f be) back at any moment.
There's a fine sunset, it (ought to + be) a fine day tomorrow.
Tea is between half-past five and six, and it (should 4-be) ready now.
A: Kathy just bought a new car, and now she's looking for a new apartment.
B: She (must + make) a lot of money in her new job.
It's five o'clock. The plane (should+land) now.
A: The roads are treacherous this morning. In places, they're nothing but a
sheet of ice. I (should-take) the bus to work this morning instead of driving
my car. I thought I'd never make it.
В: I know. It's terrible outside. Jake still hasn't arrived. He (mustwalk) to work right now. He doesn't live too far away, and I know he
hates to drive on icy roads.
A: He (might+decide) not to come in at all. He (could-f work) on his
report at home this morning. I'll check with his secretary. He (maycall) her by now.
Do you hear that guitar music? Carla (must+play) her guitar.
My tweed jacket isn't in my closet. I think my roommate (might -borrow) it. He
often borrows my things without asking me.
16. A: Do you think Jane has got my letter yet?
B: She (should+receive) it by now. I haven't heard of any hold-ups
with the post.
17. Alex has a test tomorrow that he needs to study for. He
(should+watch) TV right now.
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Translate from Russian into English.
1. Уже 5.30. Гости скоро должны быть здесь. 2. Думаю, вы поняли,
что нужно делать. Домашнее задание не должно занять у вас слишком
много времени. 3. Ты думаешь Рита сдаст экзамен? — Да, она должна
сдать экзамен. Она много занималась. 4. Ты думаешь, Рита сдала
экзамен? — Полагаю, что она должна была сдать его. Она много
занималась. 5. Мой вопрос, возможно, озадачит вас, но все же я хочу
задать его. 6. Он, должно быть, ничего им не сказал об этом. 7. Тебе
следовало бы еще раз прочитать свое сочинение. Там, наверное, есть
ошибки. 8. Зря ты так разговаривал с ним. Он мог обидеться. 9. Вечер,
вероятно, будет интересным. Студенты так долго готовили его. 10. Это
вовсе не смешно. Нужно быть серьезнее. 11. Вероятно, он получил мое
письмо. Я отослал его неделю назад. 12. Никто не отвечает. Может быть,
он еще не вернулся с работы. 13. Я бы давно мог это сделать, если бы
знал, что это так срочно. 14. Это рассказ О. Генри, он должен быть
интересным. 15. Там, должно быть, никого нет. 16. Вряд ли они
вернулись из зоопарка. Они там впервые и могут долго пробыть. 17.
Возможно, они были на вечере, но я их не видел. 18. Где мой ключ? —
Ты, наверное, его потерял. — Не может быть, чтобы я его потерял. Я,
возможно, оставил его в кармане пальто. 19. Они боялись, что их,
возможно, спросят, почему Том не пришел с ними. 20. Не может быть,
чтобы он обманул их, он честный человек. 21. Вам не нужно было
беспокоить профессора. Я мог бы дать вам всю необходимую
информацию. 22. Он ее брат. Он должен знать ее адрес. 23. Сейчас 10
часов утра. Они, вероятно, уже прибыли в Лондон. 24. Этот экзамен я
должен буду сдавать через неделю.
Insert the correct form of may/might except in 9 and 33, where a be
allowed form is necessary.
1. It ... rain, you'd better take a coat. 2. He said that it ... rain. 3. We ...
as well stay here till the weather improves. 4. ... I borrow your umbrella? 5.
You ... tell me! ( I think I have a right to know.) 6. Candidates ... not bring
textbooks into the examination room. 7. If he knew our address he ... come
and see us. 8. ... I come in? — Please do. 9. When he was a child he ... (they
let him) do exactly as he liked. 10. I think I left my glasses in your office. You
... ask your secretary to look for them for me. (request) 11. He ... be my
brother (/ admit that he is) but I don't trust him. 12. I ... never see you again.
13. He ... be on the next train. We ... as well wait. 14. If we got there early we
... get a good seat. 15. The police ... (have a right to) ask a driver to take a
breath test. 16. You ought to buy now; prices ... go up. 17. Г11 wait a week so
that he ... have time to think it over. 18. He isn't going to eat it; I ... as well
give it to the dog. 19. You ... at least read the letter. (/ think you should.) 20.
You ... have written. ( I am annoyed/disappointed that you didn't.) 21.
We'd better be early; there ... be a crowd. 22. Nobody knows how people first
came to these islands. They ... have sailed from South America on rafts. 23.
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You ... (have permission to) use my office. 24. He said that we ... use his
office whenever we liked. 25. I don't think I'll succeed but I ... as well try. 26.
You ought to go to his lectures, you ... learn something. 27. If we can give
him a blood transfusion we ... be able to save his life. 28. Two parallel white
lines in the middle of the road mean that you ... not overtake. 29. If I bought a
lottery ticket I ... win $ 5.000. 30. If you said that, he ... be very offended. 30.
I wonder why they didn't go. — The weather ... have been too bad. 32. ... I see
your passport, please. 33. He ... (negative) drive since his accident. (They
haven't let him drive.)
Translate from Russian into English.
1. Ты бы мог подарить что-нибудь сестре. Почему ты не сделал
этого? Она обиделась. 2. Вы могли бы приходить вовремя. Почему вы
всегда опаздываете? 3. Право, Ник, ты мог бы помочь мне нести этот
тяжелый чемодан. 4. Наконец-то ты пришла! Ты могла бы прийти
пораньше, ты ведь знала, что я больна. 5. Ты могла бы вернуться раньше
и провести вечер с ребенком. 6. Ты был не так уж сильно занят. Ты мог
бы нам помочь. 7. Он мог бы сделать это для вас. Ему это совсем не
трудно. 8. Вы могли бы быть с ней повежливее. 9. Вы могли бы
предупредить меня, что собрание отложено. Почему вы не сделали этого?
10. Он мог бы хоть что-нибудь сказать, чтобы поддержать меня. 11. Она
беспокоилась. Вы могли бы ей позвонить. 12. Вы могли бы подождать
меня пять минут. Я опоздал не по своей вине. 13. Я , пожалуй, пойду. 14.
Я, пожалуй, лучше останусь дома. 15. Лекарство совершенно не помогло
мне. Я с тем же успехом мог бы пить воду вместо него.16. Я, пожалуй,
подожду еще немного. 17. Я, пожалуй, пошлю ему телеграмму. 18. Я не
получил от поездки за город никакого удовольствия. Я с тем же успехом
мог бы остаться в городе.
Study and practise.
1. 'The play may begin at any moment,' I said.
'It may have begun already,' Susan answered.
I hurried to the ticket-office. 'May I have two tickets please?' I asked.
'I'm sorry, we've sold out,' the girl said.
'What a pity!' Susan exclaimed.
Just then, a man hurried to the ticket-office.
'Can I return these two tickets?' he asked.
'Certainly,' the girl said.
I went back to the ticket-office at once.
'Could I have those two tickets please?' I asked.
'Certainly,' the girl said, 'but they are for next Wednesday's
performance. Do you still want them?'
'I might as well have them,' I said sadly.
Find in the text appropriate phrases for the following.
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1. Нам не надо было беспокоиться о том, как написать наше письмо.
2. Ты бы мог поговорить с директором, когда ты встретил его на прошлой
неделе. 3. Ты написала (смогла написать) то письмо вчера, Нора? 4. Тебе
следовало написать его вчера. Возможно, мы запоздали с ним. 5. Но ты
можешь написать такого рода письмо гораздо лучше, чем я, ты всегда это
умела. 6. Директор говорит, что каникулы начинаются на неделю раньше,
так как в школе должна будет произведена покраска. 7. Ты могла бы
написать письмо сама вчера. 8. Ты мог бы сказать, что Питу нужны
длинные каникулы. 9. Возможно есть немного бумаги в ящике
письменного стола. 10. Ты не думаешь, что тебе как отцу Пита следует
написать его? 11. Возможно, мы могли бы написать его вместе. 12. Я
думаю, что ты мог бы это сделать вместо меня.
Use I would rather ...to say what you prefer.
buy a TV set or save my money
I would rather save my money than buy a TV set.
go to the cinema or stay at home
buy a mountain bike or save money
revise for an English test or go to a party
look round a museum or watch a basketball match
go up in a rocket or go down in a submarine
work as a fashion designer or be a journalist
listen to music at home or go to a pop concert
learn windsurfing or take a course in parachute jumping
live abroad or stay in my country
play football or watch a football match on television
Supply negative short answers with I'd rather/I'd sooner to these
questions.
Are you coming with us? No, ... I'd rather/I'd sooner not.
Do you want to catch the next train? No, ...
Shall we go to a restaurant? No, ...
Do you want to go out tonight? No, ...
Shall we go to the country tomorrow? No, ...
Do you want to go swimming? No, ...
Shall we invite Betty Smith? No,…
Translate from Russian into English.
1. Когда мы сели в машину, он сказал: 'Мы могли бы прокатиться
сейчас. Здесь недалеко есть одно место, которое я бы хотел тебе показать.
2. Я бы предпочел не говорить тебе того, что я о нем знаю. 3. Мне совсем
не хочется идти на этот вечер. Я бы предпочел остаться дома и
поговорить с родителями. 4. Он предпочитал слушать других, чем
говорить сам. 5. Он бы предпочел не уезжать еще. 6. Я бы предпочла
сначала прочесть письмо. 7. Чем мы займемся сегодня вечером? — Мы
204
могли бы сходить в кино. — Хорошая идея. 8. Сколько мне заплатить
носильщику? — Решай сам. 9. Пообедаем сегодня где-нибудь? — С
удовольствием. 10. Где мы остановимся в Москве? — Мы могли бы
остановиться в гостинице 'Минск'. Это хорошая гостиница, и она
расположена в центре города. 11. Поедем за город в воскресенье? — С
удовольствием. 12. Чем мы сейчас займемся? Будем смотреть телевизор?
— Я бы предпочел погулять, чем смотреть телевизор.
Example I've decided to take the job and I refuse to change my mind.
I've decided to take the job and I won't change my mind.
1. I pushed hard, but the window refused to open. 2. He's proposed to
her, but she refuses to marry him. 3. I switched on the machine, but it refused
to work. 4. I've warned her several times about leaving the windows unlocked,
but she refuses to listen to me. 5. We've asked him, but he refuses to help us.
6. We couldn't drive to the country last weekend because my parents refused
to let me use their car.
Translate from Russian into English.
1. Я сделаю работу в срок. Я обещаю вам. 2. Я заставлю тебя
работать. 3. Если ты сделаешь это еще раз, я накажу тебя. 4. Перестаньте
ругаться или я позову полицию. 5. Я закончу печатать документы, даже
если мне придется не спать всю ночь. 6. Я обязательно последую вашему
совету. 7. Я не уйду, пока вы не выслушаете меня. 8. Он попытался
объясниться, но я не стал его слушать. 9. Принеси другой кусочек мела.
Этот мел никак не пишет. 10. Я попытался открыть окно, но оно ник ак не
открывалось. 1 1 . Этот нож не режет. 12. Ручка не пишет. 13. Чайник
никак не кипит. 14. Он несколько раз чиркнул зажигалкой, но она не
сработала. 15. Я спросил его жену, что с ним, но она не пожелала
отвечать. 16. Я заплатил деньги, и я останусь здесь. 17. Он погасил свет,
но сон к нему не шел. 18. Я не буду делать то, о чем вы меня просите. 19.
У нее что-то с желудком, а она ни за что не хочет обратиться к врачу. 20.
Мы с надеждой смотрели на небо, но солнце все не всходило. 21. В чем
дело? — Ключ не входит в замочную скважину. 22. Несмотря на все наши
усилия, машина все не двигалась с места.
Write similar sentences, using either used to or would, to illustrate the
following past habits.
My grandfather was such a kind man.
He used to know if something was wrong, and he'd
always make it better.
I. Andrew could be very selfish at times. 2. My sister was so untidy
when she was young. 3. My mother's big passion was walking. 4. When he
was younger, he was so spoilt. 5. My parents were very interest ed in amateur
205
theatricals. 6. My English teacher had real favourites in the class. 7. My
mother was terribly houseproud. 8. I was very sporty when I was a child.
Rewrite the following sentences, using will or would. If the sentences
seem to express the speaker's annoyance, underline the modal verb to show
that it is stressed.
1. My grandfather sat in his rocking chair for hours, watching the fire
and sucking on his pipe. 2. My grandmother used to get very cross because he
put his muddy boots on the table. 3. My dog is so intelligent. I don't have to
tell her when it's time to go for a walk. She gets the lead and she tugs at my
trousers until I stand up. 4. But she runs in other people's gardens and pulls up
their flowers. 5. When I was young, if we had a severe winter we were cut off
for weeks on end, and we had to live on whatever was in the house. 6. When
my aunt, who's a bit deaf, wants some peace, she takes the batteries out of her
hearing aid. It works! It's impossible to get through to her! 7. But th en she
forgets where she put the batteries! 8. My first boyfriend was an incurable
romantic. He bought me flowers every Friday, and he wrote poems about us.
9. My flatmate adores tea. She drinks six cups at breakfast. 10. My father's
quite a wealthy man, but he goes out without any money. 11. He borrows
some from whoever's around, but he always pays it back. 12. My daughter
keeps interrupting me when I'm trying to concentrate. 13. He kept asking me
the most stupid questions. 14. My aunt loved writing letters. She wrote twenty
or thirty a week. 15. My dog followed me round wherever I went. 16. But he
left his hairs on all the furniture. 17. So I had to spend hours trying to get
them off. 18. When we went out for a walk, he ran miles and miles.
In order to practise using would to express a repeated action in the
past, use would whenever possible in the following sentences. Otherwise, use
used to.
I. I ... (be) very shy. Whenever a stranger came to our house, I ... (hide)
in a closet. 2. I remember my Aunt Susan very well. Every time she came to
our house, she ... (give) me a big kiss and pinch my cheek. 3. Illiteracy is still
a problem in my country, but it ... (be) much worse. 4. I ... (be) afraid of
flying. My heart ... (start) pounding every time I stepped on a plane. But now
I'm used to flying and enjoy it. 5. I got a new bicycle when I was ten. My
friends ... Cask) to ride it, but for years I ... (let, never) anyone else use it. 6.
When my grandfather was a boy and had a cold, his mother ... (make) him go
to bed. Then she ... (put) goose fat on his chest. 7. When I was a child, I ...
(take) a flashlight to bed with me so that I could read comic books without my
parents' knowing about it. 8. Last summer, my sister and I took a camping trip
in the Rocky Mountains. It was a wonderful experience. Every morning, we ...
(wake) up to the sound of singing birds. During the day, we ... (hike) through
woods and along mountain streams. Often we ... (see) deer. On one occasion
we saw a bear and quickly ran in the opposite direction. 9. I can remember
Mrs Sawyer's fifth grade class well. When we arrived each morning, she ...
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(sit) at her desk. She ... (smile, always) and ... (say) hello to each student as he
or she entered. When the bell rang, she ... (stand) up and (clear) her throat.
That was our signal to be quiet. Class was about to begin. 10. 1'11 never
forget evenings spent with my grandparents when I was a child. My
grandmother ... (tell) stories of her childhood seventy years ago, and we ...
(listen) intently and question her for every detail.
Which of these sentences can be completed with either used to or
would? Which of them can only be completed with used to?
1. When we were children, we lived by the sea. In summer, if the
weather was fine, we ... all get up early and go for a swim. 2. When I was
little, I ... be afraid of the dark. 3. Before he went to prison, he ... live in a
large house. He ... have a lot of money. 4. As a boy, I ... go for long walks,
especially on summer mornings. 5. Whenever Arthur was angry, he ... just
walk out of the room. 6. That cinema is nearly always empty now. I remember
a few years ago it ... be crowded every night. 7. We ... live next to a railway
line. Every time a train went past, the whole house ... shake. 8. When he went
out, Jack ... always take an umbrella with him whether it was raining or not. 9.
Years ago I... have a motorbike. 10. Each time we went out togethe r he ...
show me something new, something interesting. 11. Sharon ... think that
dressing in black looked great. 12. In her youth Marion ... have long hair. 13.
Joe and his friends ... carry radios everywhere they went. 14. When she was
young she ... be much thinner.
I X . Translate from Russian into English.
1. Вечера он по большей части проводил за игрой в шахматы. 2. Он
часто засыпал с книжкой в руках и с очками на носу. 3. После работы он
обычно дожидался нас у моста. 4. Когда я была студенткой, я имела
обыкновение проводить выходные дни в библиотеке. 5. Джон очень
любит читать. Он часами просиживает за чтением книг. 6. Летом мы
обычно ходили в лес за грибами и ягодами. 7. Он имеет обыкновение
звонить мне поздно вечером, когда я уже сплю.
Activities
Analyse the modal meanings of shall and translate the sentences into
Russian.
1. The victory of peace can and shall be won. There shall be no war. 2.
He shall do it whether he wants it or not. 3. Higgins: Listen, Eliza. I think you
said you came in a taxi. Eliza: Well, what if I did? I've as good a right to take
a taxi as anyone else. Higgins: You have, Eliza, and in future you shall have
as many taxis as you want. You shall go up and down and round the town in a
taxi every day. Think of that, Eliza. 4. You shall answer for it! 5. You shall
have no cause to complain of me, dear. There shall be no difficulty about
money. 6. Anyone found guilty of robbery shall be shot at once. 7. If you're a
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good boy, you shall steer from time to time. 8. 'That's the last time!' she cried.
'You shall never see me again!' 9. You shall repent of this neg lect of duty, Mr
Gummer.
THE INFINITIVE AS OBJECT
1. Зависимое употребление после глаголов: to agree, to arrange, to ask, to
attempt, to begin, to care (=to like), to cease, to choose (= to prefer), to claim, to
consent, to continue, to decide, to deserve, to determine, to expect, to fail, to
forget, to go on, to hate, to help, to hesitate, to hope , to intend, to learn, to like, to
long, to love, to manage, to mean, to need, to neglect, to offer, to omit, to plan, to
prefer, to pretend, to promise, to propose (= to intend), to refuse, to regret, to
remember, to start, to swear, to tend, to threaten, to try, to want, to wish.
2. Зависимое употребление после прилагательных: (un)able, afraid, amused,
annoyed, anxious, apt, ashamed, astonished, bound, careful, certain, content,
crazy, curious, delighted, determined, difficult, distressed, due, eager, easy, fit,
fortunate, free, frightened, furious, glad, grateful, good, happy, hard, helpless,
horrified, impatient, inclined, interested, keen, liable, (un)likely, lucky, obliged,
pleased, (im)possible, powerless, prepared, proud, puzzled, quick, ready, relieved,
reluctant, right, safe, scared, slow, sorry, sufficient, sure, surprised, thankful,
touched, useless, (un)willing, (un)wise, wonderful, worthy, wrong.
3. По формуле: It + глагол + дополнение +инфинитив to amaze, to annoy, to
cause, to delight, to distress, to enrage, to excite, to
comfort, to frighten, to
hurt, to interest, to irritate, to mean, to occur, to please, to puzzle, to shock, to
soothe, to startle, to stir, to surprise, to trouble, to upset, to worry.
4. С формальным It в качестве подлежащего: absurd, advisable, amazing,
astonishing, awful, awkward, bad, careful, charming, complicated, convenient,
correct, cruel, curious, customary, dangerous, decent, delightful, desirable,
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difficult, dull, easy, embarrassing, enough, essential, fair, fine, foolish, funny,
good, hard, helpful, important, interesting, insulting, kind, late, marvelous,
natural, (un)natural, (un)necessary, nice, normal, odd, pleasant, (im)possible,
proper, queer, (un)reasonable, remarkable, ridiculous, right, sad, safe, satisfying,
sensible, shocking, silly, splendid, strange, suitable, surprising, stupid, sufficient,
sweet, terrible, typical, useful, useless, vital, wicked, (un)wise, wonderful, wrong,
etc.
THE ING-FORM AS OBJECT
1. Зависимое употребление после глаголов: to admit, to avoid, to begin, to
cease, to consider, to continue, to delay, to deny, to endure, to enjoy, to escape, to
finish, to forget, to give up, to go on, to hate, to intend, to keep, to keep on, to
leave off, to like, to love, to mention, to mind, to neglect, to postpone, to prefer,
to propose (= to suggest), to put off, to quit, to recall, to recollect, to regret, to
remember, to resume, to resent, to risk, to start, to stop, to suggest, to try, etc.
2. Препозитивное употребление после глаголов: to admit to, to agree to, to
aim at, to apologize for, to approve of, to believe in, to bother about, to care for,
to come of, to come round to, to complain of, to confess to, to consist of (in), to
count on, to despair of, to dream of, to end in, to forget about, to feel up to, to get
to, to get down to, to get back to, to grumble about, to hesitate about, to insist on,
to lead to, to long for, to mean by, to persist in, to plan on, to reckon on, to refrain
from, to return to, to result in (from), to save from, to succeed in, to take to, to
talk of, to tell of, to threaten with, to think of (about), to worry about, etc.
3. После выражений: to look forward to, to make a point of, to find excuses for,
to take pride in, to lose time in, to have no doubt about, etc.
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4. Непрепозитивное + препозитивное употребление: to accuse smbd. of, to
amuse smbd with, to ask smbd about, to charge smbd with, to give smth to, to
invite smbd into, to keep smbd from, to persuade smbd into, to remind smbd of,
to restrict oneself to, to save smbd from, to say smth about, to stop smbd from, to
suspect smbd of, to talk smbd into (out of), to tell smbd about, etc.
5. Непрепозитивное + препозитивное с предлогом for: to blame smbd., to
excuse smbd., to forgive smbd., to reproach smbd., to thank smbd., to like smbd.,
to love smbd., to hate smbd., to pay smbd., to scold smbd. + FOR.
6. После прилагательных с предлогом: absorbed in, (un)accustomed to, afraid
of, amused at, angry with, annoyed at, ashamed of, aware of, (in)capable of,
careful about (in), careless of, certain of, clever at, (un)conscious of, content with,
delighted at, different from, embarrassed at, excited about, far from, fond of,
fortunate in, frightened of, furious at, given to, good at, grateful for, happy in (at),
interested in, irritated at, keen on, miserable at, nice about, proud of, pleased at,
responsible for, right in, scared at (of), set against, set on, sick of, skilled in (at),
slow in, sorry for, successful in (at), sure of, surprised at, thankful for, tired of,
touched at, upset at, (un)used to, worried about, wrong in, etc.
1. I like making people happy.
2. He regretted now having come.
3. She denies having spoken with him.
4. I don’t remember hearing the legend before.
5. You must excuse my not answering you before.
6. He liked neither reading aloud nor being read aloud to
7. “The slams want attending to, no doubt,” he said.
8. He realized that the room needed painting.
9. The child deserves praising.
10.They were not worth saving.
11.I hope you will forgive me disturbing you.
12. I object to Mary going out on such a windy day.
13.Did you ever hear of a man of sense rejecting such an offer?
14. He avoided looking at her.
15. She burst out laughing. We all burst out laughing.
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16. Doctor keeps coming and looking at me.
17. Fancy finding you here at such an hour.
18. You suspect me of stealing your diamond.
19. I don’t approve of your playing at roulette.
20. Don’t miss the opportunity of hearing this pianist.
THE INFINITIVE AS OBJECTIVE PREDICATIVE (COMPLEX OBJECT)
1. Зависимое употребление инфинитива после глаголов: to advise, to allow, to
ask, to assume, to beg, to authorize, to beg, to believe, to cause, to challenge, to
command, to consider, to enable, to encourage, to expect, to find, to forbid, to
force, to get, to guess, to hate, to imagine, induce, to inspire, to instruct, to intend,
to invite, to know, to lead, to like, to love, to mean, to order, to permit, to
persuade, to prefer, to press, to realize, to recommend, to request, to require, to
suppose, to suspect, to take (= to understand), to teach, to tell, to think, to trust, to
understand, to urge, to want, to warn, to wish, etc.
2. После глаголов выражающих мнение и восприятие: to expect, to find, to take,
to believe, to mean, etc. часто используется глагол to be.
3. Инфинитив употребляется без частицы to после глаголов: to feel, to have (=
to get, to make), to hear, to know (= to experience), to let, to make, to notice, to
see, to watch
4. Инфинитив как сложное дополнение употребляется после глаголов с
предлогами: to long for, to look for, to wait for, to watch for, to listen to
(инфинитив без to), to call upon, to rely on, to appeal to, to nod to.
THE ING-FORM AS OBJECTIVE PREDICATIVE (COMPLEX OBJECT)
1. Зависимое употребление после глаголов: to call, to catch, to discover, to feel,
to find, to hear, to get, to imagine, to keep, to leave, to (dis)like, to notice, to see,
to send, to set, to stop, to watch, to want.
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2. представлена as: to accept, to consider, to explain, to mention, to regard, to
speak of, to take, to think of, to treat, to understand.
3. После некоторых глаголов субъект может быть представлен не только
существительным в общем падеже и личным местоимением в объектном
падеже, но и существительным и местоимением в притяжательном падеже:
to appreciate, to dread, to excuse, to fancy, to forget, to forgive, to hate, to have,
to imagine, to mind, to miss, to prevent, to recall, to remember, to resent, to
(mis)understand, to catch sight of, can’t bear, can’t help.
Ты мог бы перевести этот текст?
Их, возможно, не было вчера в городе.
Я не мог не согласиться с ними.
Я не хочу сдавать экзамены. Меня, вероятно, не будет в Лондоне в это
время.
5. Может быть, он не захочет выступить.
6. Я знал, что Н. должна была прийти в клуб.
7. Мне не нужно быть там раньше трех часов.
8. Я думаю, что тебе следовало бы знать об этом.
9. Он должен был сесть поближе, чтобы услышать ее
10.Н. пригласили на обед к М. После обеда они должны были пойти в кино (но
не пошли).
11.Я чуть не опоздал на последний автобус.
12.Они, возможно, подумали, что мы не придем в такой дождь.
13.Просто не может быть, чтобы он видел их.
14.Она такая бледная. Наверное, она больна.
15.Тебе удалось закончить работу?
16.Ты мог бы им позвонить и сказать, что не придешь.
17.И кто это мог зажечь свет в моей комнате?
18.Я думаю, что не буду никуда выходить сегодня. В такую погоду я, пожалуй,
останусь дома.
19.«Анн – моя сестра». – «Мне следовало бы догадаться. Вы похожи на нее»
20.Наконец-то ты пришла. Ты могла бы прийти пораньше.
21.Он, должно быть, не узнал ее. Она так изменилась.
22.Так как я должен был быть там в пять, мне пришлось взять такси.
23.Тебе следовало написать им вчера. Возможно, мы запоздали с письмом.
24.Он, по всей вероятности, забыл, что обещал прийти.
25.Мне, возможно, придется поехать туда на такси. Так, наверное, будет
быстрее.
1.
2.
3.
4.
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