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THE GREAT BREAK:
WAR AND REVOLUTION
CHAPTER 27
(pp. 887-916)
1. What were the expectations of many nations going into WWI?
2. Why were these expectations mistaken?
3. What are the objectives of this chapter?
4. How did Bismarck transform Germany?
5. Post 1871 what were Bismarck’s two concerns?
6. What was Bismarck’s solution?
7. Identify the League of the Three Emperors:
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8. What role did Bismarck play?
9. Why did Bismarck’s position infuriate Russia?
10. Identify the Triple Alliance:
11. Identify the Alliance of the Three Emperors:
12. Identify the Russian-German Reinsurance Treaty:
13. Identify the accomplishments of Otto von Bismarck:
14. Who dismissed Otto von Bismarck?
15. What grave mistake did William II make?
16. What decision was made in 1891?
17. Identify the two rival blocs?
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18. After 1891 who was the only uncommitted nation?
19. What factors contributed to an Anglo-German rivalry?
20. Which countries did Great Britain seek as allies?
21. Identify the Anglo-French Entente:
22. How did Germany test this Entente?
23. Why was the Moroccan crisis a diplomatic revolution?
24. How did German leaders view this development?
25. What did Germany do in 1907?
26. Describe the “love-hate” relationship b/w Germany and Great
Britain:
27. Why was war in the Balkans inevitable?
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28. Identify the outcome of the Congress of Berlin 1878:
29. Why were the Serbs leading the fight for national aspirations?
30. Identify the FIRST and SECOND BALKAN WARS:
31. What event sparked WWI:
32. Identify the THIRD BALKAN WAR:
33. What was the significance of the German “blank check”?
34. Why did Russia order mobilization and a declaration of war?
35. How did Belgium factor into the picture?
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36. Why did Great Britain join the War?
37. Why was Germany’s aggression in 1914 a failure for all European
leaders?
38. It is hard to discern what caused German aggression? What are some
plausible interpretations?
39. What role did Nationalism play in WWI?
40. Identify the significance of the (First) Battle of Marne:
41. Define trench warfare –
42. Identify the Battle of the Somme:
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43. Describe the psychological effects of trench warfare:
44. Identify the two most prominent German generals:
45. In 1915 how many Russians were killed, wounded, or taken prisoner?
46. Why did Italy switch sides?
47. Identify the Central Powers:
48. What happened to the Armenians during WWI?
49. How did the colonies in Asia and Africa respond?
50. When and what event brought the United States into the Great War?
THE HOME FRONT
1. Define total war –
2. Total war helped to strengthened the ideology of what group?
3. Which country went the furthest in developing a command economy?
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4. Identify the War Raw Materials Board:
5. Who was driven from office in 1917 and who then controlled
Germany?
6. Identify the Auxiliary Service Law:
7. Who successfully orchestrated a command economy in Great Britain?
8. Identify the social impact of the Great War: (unions, women, equality,
etc.)
9. Why did many strongly support their government for the first two
years?
10. How did the mass media and propaganda contribute to the War
effort?
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11. Identify the Easter Rebellion:
12. Who was George Clemenceau?
13. Identify domestic strains within the Austro-Hungarian Empire during
WWI?
14. Identify the domestic strains within Germany during WWI?
THE PEACE SETTLEMENT
1. What was the cost of the Great War?
2. Identify the Second Battle of the Marne:
3. Why did Wilhelm II abdicate the throne of Germany in November
1918?
4. When was the War officially declared over?
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5. Which countries declared their independence?
6. How did the German Revolution of 1918 resemble the Russian
Revolution of 1917?
7. Why was the German Revolution considered only half of a
revolution?
8. What were the reasons the German outcome differed from the Russian
outcome?
9. Where, When, and who was represented at the peace conference in
Paris?
10. Identify the ideology that presented great hope in the beginning of the
peace conference?
11. What US President helped to perpetuate these beliefs? How?
12. Who were the real powers represented at the conference?
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13. Identify the League of Nations:
14. Discuss the concerns of Wilson, Lloyd George, and Clemenceau:
15. Define the principle of self-determination:
16. How did Clemenceau compromise?
17. Identify the territorial arrangements per the Treaty of Versailles:
18. What limitations were made regarding the Germany military?
19. Identify the “war guilt” clause:
20. Where was the Treaty of Versailles signed?
21. Why did Arab nationalist feel cheated?
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22. How did the powers of France and Britain treat nationalist uprisings
in the Middle East?
23. Identify the Balfour Declaration:
24. What replaced Turkish rule in the Middle East?
25. Identify the two interrelated obstacles to peace following the signing
to the Treaty of Versailles?
26. Who led American opposition to the Treaty of Versailles? WHY?
27. Why did America essentially turn its back on Europe?
28. Why should the United States share a large part of the guilt for
WWII?