Name: Citric acid monohydrate
Synonyms: Acido del Limon; Acidum Citricum Monohydricum; Citrico monohidrato, acido; Hydrous Citric Acid.
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
Micromedix,
Very soluble in water;
Efflorescent, colourless
martindale
freely soluble in alcohol.
crystals or granules, or a
Soluble 1 in 0.5 of water,
white crystalline powder.
1 in 2 of alcohol, and 1 in
Store in airtight
30 of ether.
containers.
composition
Citric acid is used in
management of dry
mouth, cough, GI
disturbances, metabolic
acidosis.
Name: Glycerol
Synonyms: E422; Glicerol; Glycerin; Glycerine; Glycerol; Glycerolum.
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
Micromedix
Miscible with water and
Used as a demulcent in
Martindale
with alcohol; slightly
cough preparations.
soluble in acetone;
Vehicle and solvent,
practically insoluble in
sweetening agent.
fixed oils and in essential
Lubricant and
oils, insoluble in
moisturising for topical
chloroform, in ether. Its
preparation, softening
solutions are neutral to
agent for ear drops.
composition
litmus.
Name: Alum
Synonyms: Alaun; Allume; Aluin; Alumbre; Alumen; Aluminium Kalium Sulfuricum; Aluminium Potassium Sulphate; Alun;
E522; Potash Alum; Potassium Alum
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
Micromedex
Potassium aluminium sulphate
Freely soluble in water;
A 10% solution in water
Martindale
dodecahydrate.
very soluble in boiling
has a pH of 3.0 to 3.5.
AlK(SO(4))(2),12H(2)O= 474.4
water; practically
Alum precipitates
Colourless, transparent, crystalline
insoluble in alcohol;
proteins and is a powerful
masses or a granular powder.
soluble in glycerol.
astringent. It is often
included in preparations
used as mouthwashes or
gargles and in
dermatological
preparations.
Name: Aluminium hydroxide gel
Synonyms: Aluminium Oxidum Hydricum; Aluminum Hydroxide; Hidroxido de aluminio; Wasserhaltiges Aluminiumoxid.
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
Micromedex
A suspension of amorphous
Dried Aluminum
Aluminium hydroxide is
Martindale
aluminium hydroxide in which
Hydroxide Gel: Insoluble
used as an antacid. Binds
there is a partial substitution of
in water and in alcohol;
phosphate in the GIT to
carbonate for hydroxide. It is a
soluble in dilute mineral
form insoluble complexes
white viscous suspension from
acids and in solutions of
and reduces phosphate
which small amounts of clear
fixed alkali hydroxides.
absorption.
liquid may separate on standing.
It has a pH of between
5.5 and 8.0. Store in
airtight containers. Avoid
freezing.
Name: Aminophylline
Synonyms: Aminofilina; Aminofylliini; Aminofyllin; Aminophyllinum; Euphyllinum; Metaphyllin; Theophyllaminum;
Theophylline and Ethylenediamine; Theophylline Ethylenediamine Compound; Theophyllinum et Ethylenediaminum.
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
Micromedex
A mixture of theophylline and
Freely soluble in water
Aminophylline has the
Martindale
ethylenediamine (2:1),
(solution becomes cloudy
actions and uses of
(C(7)H(8)N(4)O(2))(2),
through absorption of
theophylline and is used
C(2)H(4)(NH(2))(2) = 420.4
carbon dioxide);
similarly as a
It contains 84.0 to 87.4% of
practically insoluble in
bronchodilator in the
anhydrous theophylline and 13.5
dehydrated alcohol. One
management of asthma
to 15.0% of anhydrous
g dissolves in 25 mL of
and COPD.
ethylenediamine. A white or
water to give a clear
slightly yellowish powder,
solution; 1 g dissolved in
Store in airtight
sometimes granular.
5 mL of water crystallises
containers. Protect from
upon standing, but
light.
redissolves when a small
amount of
ethylenediamine is
added; insoluble in
alcohol and in ether.
Name: Arachis oil
Synonyms: Arachidis Oleum Raffinatum; Cacahuete, aceite de; Earth-nut Oil; Erdnussol; Ground-nut Oil; Huile
d'Arachide; Nut Oil; Ol. Arach.; Oleo de Amendoim; Oleum Arachis; Peanut Oil; Refined Arachis Oil.
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
Micromedex
The refined fatty oil obtained from
Practically insoluble in
Emulsions containing
Martindale
the shelled seeds of Arachis
water; very slightly
arachis oil are used in
hypogaea. A suitable antoxidant
soluble in alcohol; freely
nutrition. Arachis oil is
may be added. It is a clear,
soluble in
given as an enema for
yellowish viscous liquid consisting
dichloromethane.
softening impacted
of glycerides, chiefly of oleic and
Very slightly soluble in
faeces. It is used in drops
linoleic acids, with smaller
alcohol; miscible with
for softening ear wax and
amounts of other acids. It solidifies
petroleum spirit. Miscible
in emollient creams.
at about 2 degrees.
with carbon disulfide,
Store in well-filled
chloroform, and with
containers. Protect from
ether.
light.
Relevant solubilities
Other information
Name: Aromatic ammonia solution
Synonyms: Ammonia: Amoniaco, solucion diluida de.
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
composition
Micromedex
Ammonia bicarbonate 25g,
Dilute solutions of
Martindale
nutmeg oil 0.3ml, lemon oil 0.5ml,
ammonia have been used
BP 2005
alcohol (90%) 37.5ml, strong
as reflex stimulants either
ammonia solution 67.5ml, purified
as smelling salts or
water to 1000ml
solutions for oral
administration. Also used
as rubefacients and
counter-irritants and to
neutralise insect stings.
Name: Aromatic ammonia spirit
Synonyms: Smelling salt
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
Micromedex
Nutmeg oil 3 mL; lemon oil 5 mL;
Store in airtight
Martindale
alcohol (90%) 750 mL; ammonium
light-resistant containers.
BP 2005
bicarbonate 25 g; strong ammonia
The temperature should
solution 67.5 mL; purified water to
not exceed 30 degrees.
1000 mL.
Used as a reflex stimulant
given by inhalation, to
revive an unconscious
individual who has
fainted; and an adjunctive
in behaviour modification
therapy.
Name: Aromatic syrup
Synonyms:
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
APF 20
Orange tincture 5ml, lemon spirit
Store in airtight
0.5ml, syrup to 100ml
containers
Name: Ascorbic acid
Synonyms: L-Ascorbic Acid; Acidum Ascorbicum; Cevitamic Acid; E300; Vitamin C
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
Freely soluble in water (1
A white or almost white
in 3); soluble in alcohol (1
crystalline powder or
in 40); insoluble in
colourless crystals
chloroform, in ether, and
becoming discoloured on
in benzene.
exposure to light, air and
composition
Micromedex
C6H8O6 = 176.1
Martindale
moisture.
A 5% solution in water
has a pH of 2.1 to 2.6.
Store in nonmetallic,
airtight containers.
Protect from light.
Name: Aspirin
Synonyms: Acetylsalicylic acid; 2-(acetyloxy)-Benzoic acid; Solpyron; Ecotrin; Colfarit; Asatylin; Acetophen; Salicylic Acid
Acetate
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
Micromedex
CH3COOC6H4COOH = 180.16
Slightly soluble in water;
Analgesic,
Martindale
C(9)H(8)O(4)
1g/100g water at 37’C;
anti-inflammatory,
freely soluble in ethanol
antiplatelet, antipyretic.
(80mg/ml), DMSO
White/colourless,
(41mg/ml), dimethyl
crystalline powder,
formamide (30mg/ml)
weakly acidic substance.
UPP29: Soluble 1 in 300
Stable in dry air
of water, 1 in 5 of alcohol,
(hydrolyses in moist air,
1 in 17 of chloroform, and
decomposes in hot water)
USP 29
1 in 10 to 15 of ether;
sparingly soluble in
absolute ether.
Name: Belladonna dry extract
Synonyms: Belladona; Belladone; Deadly Nightshade; Tollkirschen.
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
Martindale
Each 100 g Belladonna extract
Belladonna has the
USP 29
contains not less than 1.15 g and
actions of atropine
EP
not more than 1.35 g of the
(antimuscarinic actions in
alkaloids of belladonna leaf.
a wide range of
It may be in the form of a firm
conditions, including the
extract (Pilular Belladonna Extract)
relief of GI and
or a dry extract (Powdered
urinary-tract disorders
Belladonna Extract).
associated with smooth
muscle spasm).
Belladonna leaf dry extract
Atropine in belladonna
contains not less than 0.95% and
preparations unstable at
not more than 1.05% of total
alkaline pH and quickly
alkaloids, calculated as
degrades in mixtures with
hyoscyamine (EP)
a pH above 7. Store in
airtight containers.
Protect from light.
Name: Belladonna tincture
Synonyms: Belladonna leaf; Belladona; Belladone; Deadly Nightshade
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
Micromedex
It contains 0.027% to 0.033% of
Atropine in belladonna
Martindale
total alkaloids calculated as
preparations was
USP 29
hyoscyamine. The alkaloids consist
unstable at alkaline pH
EP
mainly of hyoscyamine together
and would quickly be
with small quantities of hyoscine.
degraded in mixtures with
It contains, in 100 mL, not less
a pH above 7. Store in
than 27 mg and not more than
airtight containers.
33 mg of alkaloids of belladonna
Protect from light.
leaf
Name: Bentonite
Synonyms: Bentonit; Bentonita; Bentonitas; Bentonitum; E558; Mineral Soap; Soap Clay; Wilkinite
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
Micromedex
A natural clay containing a high
Practically insoluble in
It is used as a suspending
Martindale
proportion of montmorillonite, a
water and in aqueous
and stabilising agent,
native hydrated aluminium silicate
solutions, but swells with
adsorbent or clarifying
in which some aluminium and
a little water forming a
agent, anticaking agent.
silicon atoms may be replaced by
malleable mass.
Absorbs water readily to
other atoms such as magnesium
Insoluble in alcohol
form sols or gels,
and iron.
depending on its
A very fine, homogeneous,
concentration. Store in
greyish-white powder with a
airtight containers.
yellowish or pinkish tint.
Name: Benzalkonium chloride solution
Synonyms: Benzalkonium Chloratum
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
Micromedex
A mixture of
Very soluble in water and in
A solution in water is
Martindale
alkylbenzyldimethylammonium
alcohol; the anhydrous form is
usually slightly alkaline
chlorides, the alkyl groups having
soluble 1 in 100 of ether and 1 in
and foams strongly
chain lengths of C8 to C18. It
6 of benzene.
when shaken. A
contains not less than 95% and
quaternary ammonium
not more than 104% of
antiseptic/ disinfectant
alkylbenzyldimethylammonium
with actions and uses
chlorides, calculated as C22H40ClN
similar to cationic
with reference to the anhydrous
surfactants. Also a
substance.
preservative. Store in
It contains not more than 15% of
airtight containers.
water. A white or yellowish-white,
thick gel, or gelatinous pieces with
a mild aromatic odour.
Name: Calamine
Synonyms: Calamina; Prepared Calamine.
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
Micromedex
It is a basic zinc carbonate
Practically insoluble in
Calamine has mild
Martindale
coloured with ferric oxide. It is an
water; it dissolves with
astringent and antipruritic
amorphous, impalpable, pink or
effervescence in
actions and is used as a
reddish-brown powder, the colour
hydrochloric acid.
dusting powder, cream,
depending on the variety and
lotion, or ointment in a
amount of ferric oxide present and
variety of skin conditions
the process used.
Name: Castor oil
Synonyms: Aceite de Ricino; Huile de Ricin; Ol. Ricin.; Oleum Ricini; Ricini Oleum Virginale; Ricino, aceite de; Rizinusol.
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
Micromedex
The fixed oil obtained from the
Practically insoluble in
Store in airtight
Martindale
seed of Ricinus communis
water; soluble in alcohol;
containers at a
USP 29
(Euphorbiaceae). It is a pale
miscible with dehydrated
temperature not > 40
yellowish or almost colourless,
alcohol, with chloroform,
degrees. Used externally
transparent, viscid liquid. Has a
with ether, and with
for its emollient effect.
faint, mild odour; is free from
glacial acetic acid. Freely
Used topically to allay
foreign and rancid odour; and has
soluble in
irritation due to foreign
a bland, characteristic taste.
dichloromethane; slightly
bodies in the eye. It may
soluble in petroleum
be used as the solvent in
spirit
some injections. Has been
used as a laxative.
Name: Cetomacrogol 1000
Synonyms: Cetomacrogol 1000; Cetomacrogolum 1000; Polyethylene Glycol 1000 Monocetyl Ether; Polyoxyethylene
Glycol 1000 Monocetyl Ether.
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
Micromedex
Cetomacrogol 1000 is a macrogol ether
Cetomacrogol
Martindale
containing 20 to 24 oxyethylene groups
incompatible with
in the polyoxyethylene chain. Has the
phenols and reduces the
formula
antibacterial activity of
CH(3).[CH(2)](m).[O.CH(2).CH(2)](n).OH,
QACs. May separate
where m = 15 or 17 and n = 20 to 24.
from solutions in the
presence of a high
Macrogol cetostearyl ethers are used as
concentration of
surfactants and emulsifiers.
electrolytes
Name: Cetomacrogol emulsifying wax
Synonyms:
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
Micromedex
Cetostearyl alcohol 800 g;
* Macrogol cetostearyl
* Macrogol cetostearyl
Martindale
macrogol cetostearyl ether (22)
ether with low numbers
ether: White or
Ph. Eur. 5.5
200 g (i.e. cetomacrogol 1000 20%,
of ethylene oxide units
yellowish-white waxy,
BP 2005
cetostearyl alchohol 80%)
per molecule is practically
unctuous mass, pellets,
* Macrogol cetostearyl ether: a
insoluble in water;
microbeads, or flakes.
mixture of ethers of mixed
soluble in alcohol and in
Store in airtight
macrogols with linear fatty
dichloromethane.
containers.
alcohols, mainly cetostearyl
Macrogol cetostearyl
alcohol. It may contain some free
ether with higher
macrogols and it contains various
numbers of ethylene
amounts of free cetostearyl
oxide units per molecule
alcohol. The amount of ethylene
is dispersible or soluble in
oxide reacted with cetostearyl
water; soluble in alcohol
alcohol is from 2 to 33 units per
and in dichloromethane.
molecule (nominal value).
Name: Cetostearyl alcohol
Synonyms: Alcohol cetoestearilico; Alcohol Cetylicus et Stearylicus; Alcool Cetostearilico; Cetearyl Alcohol; Cetostearyl
Alc.; Cetylstearylalkohol.
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
Micromedex
A mixture of solid aliphatic
Practically insoluble in
Used in creams,
Martindale
alcohols mainly stearyl alcohol and
water; soluble in alcohol,
ointments, and other
Ph. Eur. 5.5
cetyl alcohol. It contains not < 90%
in ether and in petroleum
topical preparations as a
BP 2005
of stearyl plus cetyl alcohols
spirit. When melted, it is
stiffening agent and
(C(16)H(34)O = 242.4) and not less
miscible with fatty oils,
emulsion stabiliser. Used
than 40% of stearyl alcohol
with liquid paraffin, and
with suitable hydrophilic
(C(18)H(38)O = 270.5) . A white or
with melted wool fat.
substances, as in
pale yellow wax-like mass, plates,
Emulsifying Wax, it
flakes, or granules.
produces oil-in-water
emulsions that are stable
over a wide pH range. It is
also used to improve the
emollient properties of
paraffin ointments
Name: Cetrimide
Synonyms: Cetrimida; Cetrimide; Cetrimidum.
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
Micromedex
It consists of
Freely soluble in water
It has been used for
Martindale
trimethyltetradecylammonium
and in alcohol. A 2.0%
cleansing skin, wounds
bromide and may contain smaller
solution in water froths
and burns. It has been
amounts of
copiously when shaken.
used as a 0.1 to 1.0%
dodecyltrimethylammonium
aqueous solution,
bromide and
generally prepared by
hexadecyltrimethylammonium
dilution of a more
bromide (= cetrimonium bromide).
concentrated solution, or
A white or almost white,
as a cream containing
voluminous, free-flowing powder.
0.5%. Also used as
A quaternary ammonium
preservatives including
antiseptic with actions/uses of
eye drops and in
cationic surfactants. Has
disinfecting solutions for
emulsifying/detergent properties,
hard contact lenses
and bactericidal activity.
Name: Chalk
Synonyms: Prepared Chalk; Creta
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
Micromedex
CaCO3 = 100.1
Practically insoluble in
A native form of calcium
Martindale
It contains not less than 97.0% and
water; slightly soluble in
carbonate freed from
not more than 100.5% of CaCO3,
water containing carbon
most of its impurities by
and calculated with reference to
dioxide; it absorbs water
elutriation and dried.
the dried substance. White or
readily.
Used as an adsorbent
greyish-white, odourless or almost
antidiarrhoeal. Calcium
odourless, amorphous, earthy,
carbonate (precipitated
small friable masses, usually
chalk) used as an antacid,
conical in form, or in powder.
calcium supplement,
phosphate binder
Name: Chlorbutol
Synonyms: Chlorobutanol; Acetone-Chloroforme; Alcohol Trichlorisobutylicus; Chlorbutanol; Chlorbutanolum;
Chloretone; Chlorobutanolum; Clorobutanol; Trichlorbutanolum.
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
Micromedex
1,1,1-Trichloro-2-methylpropan-2-ol.
Slightly soluble 1 in 125 of
It has been used as a mild
Martindale
C(4)H(7)Cl(3)O = 177.5
water, 1 in 1 of alcohol,
sedative and local
It is anhydrous or contains not >
and 1 in 10 of glycerol;
analgesic. Also for
one-half molecule of water of
freely soluble in
inflammatory and painful
hydration. Colourless or white
chloroform, in ether, and
conditions of the ear and
crystals with a characteristic,
in volatile oils.
oropharynx. Store in
camphoraceous odour. Antibacterial
airtight containers.
and antifungal properties;
preservative at 0.5% concentration.
Name: Chlorhexidine gluconate solution
Synonyms: Chlorhexidine Digluconate; Clorhexidina
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
Martindale
C22H30Cl2N10,2C6H12O7 = 897.77
Miscible with water,
Antibacterial (gingivitis,
Micromedex
An aqueous solution which
glacial acetic acid;
peridontitis), antibacterial
contains not less than 19% and not
miscible with 5 times its
cleansing agent (skin
more than 21% of chlorhexidine
volume of dehydrated
disinfection, burns, hand
gluconate. An almost colourless or
alcohol and with 3 times
scrub), dressing agent.
pale yellow, clear liquid. A 5% v/v
its volume of acetone;
Store in airtight
dilution in water has a pH of 5.5 to
further addition of
containers. Protect from
7.0.
dehydrated alcohol or
light.
acetone gives turbidity.
Name: Chlorocresol
Synonyms: Chlorkresolum; Chlorocresol; Chlorocresolum; Clorocresol; Parachlorometacresol; PCMC.
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
Micromedex
p-Chloro-m-cresol;
Slightly soluble in water
Potent chlorinated
Martindale
4-Chloro-3-methylphenol.
(1 in 260) more soluble in
phenolic disinfectant and
Ph. Eur. 5.5
C(7)H(7)ClO = 142.6
hot water; very soluble in
antiseptic. Used for
USNF 24
A white or almost white,
alcohol (1 in 0.4); freely
disinfection of the skin,
crystalline powder or compacted
soluble in fatty oils;
wounds. Preservative in
crystalline masses supplied as
soluble in ether, in
cosmetics, creams and
pellets or colourless or white
terpenes, in fixed oils,
other preparations for
crystals.
and in solutions of alkali
external use which
hydroxides.
contain water. Store in
airtight containers.
Protect from light.
Name: Citric acid monohydrate
Synonyms: Acido del Limon; Acidum Citricum Monohydricum; Citrico monohidrato, acido; Hydrous Citric Acid.
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
Micromedex
C(6)H(8)O(7),H(2)O = 210.1
Very soluble in water (1 in
Used in effervescing
Martindale
Efflorescent, colourless crystals or
0.5); freely soluble in
mixtures in the
Ph. Eur. 5.5
granules, or a white crystalline
alcohol (1 in 2) and 1 in
preparation of
USP 29
powder. Citric acid used in the
30 of ether.
effervescent granules.
management of dry mouth and to
Enhances the
dissolve renal calculi, alkalinise the
effectiveness of
urine, and prevent encrustation of
antioxidants.
urinary catheters. Also used for
Store in airtight
the treatment of coughs, GIT
containers.
disturbances, and metabolic
acidosis.
Name: Coal tar
Synonyms: Alcatra~o Mineral; Alquitran de Hulla; Brea de hulla; Crude Coal Tar; Goudron de Houille; Oleum
Lithanthracis; Pix Carbon.; Pix Carbonis; Pix Lithanthracis; Pix Mineralis; Pyroleum Lithanthracis; Steinkohlenteer.
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
Micromedex
Obtained by the destructive
Slightly soluble in water
Antiseborrheic and
Martindale
distillation of bituminous coal at
to which it imparts an
Keratolytic. Tars and tar
BP 2005
1000 degrees. A nearly black,
alkaline reaction; partly
oils can reduce the
viscous liquid with a strong
soluble in absolute
thickness of the
characteristic penetrating odour.
alcohol, in acetone, in
epidermis. Antipruritic
On exposure to air it gradually
carbon disulfide, in
and weakly antiseptic.
becomes more viscous. It burns in
chloroform, in ether, and
Used topically in eczema,
air with a luminous sooty flame.
in volatile oils. More
psoriasis, dandruff,
soluble in benzene;
seborrhoeic dermatitis
almost completely soluble
and other skin disorders.
in nitrobenzene.
Store in airtight
containers.
Name: Coal tar solution
Synonyms:
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
composition
Micromedex
Coal tar 200 g; polysorbate 80 50
Martindale
g; alcohol (96%) to 1000 mL.
Relevant solubilities
Other information
Name: Codeine phosphate
Synonyms: Codeina, fosfato de; Codeine Phosphate Hemihydrate; Codeini Phosphas; Codeini Phosphas Hemihydricus;
Codeinii Phosphas; Methylmorphine Phosphate.
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
Micromedex
C(18)H(21)NO(3),H(3)PO(4),1/2H(2)O
Freely soluble in water (1
Opioid analgesic. Much
Martindale
= 406.4
in 2.5), 1 in 0.5 of water
less potent than
USP 29
The hemihydrate occurs as fine,
at 80 degrees; slightly
morphine and has
BP 2005
white, needle-shaped crystals or
soluble or very slightly
relatively mild sedative
white crystalline powder; odourless.
soluble in alcohol (1 in
effects. For the relief of
A 4% solution in water has a pH of
325) and 1 in 125 of
cough, and mild to
4.0 to 5.0. Store in airtight
boiling alcohol.
moderate pain, often in
containers at a temperature up to
association with aspirin or
40 degrees as permitted by the
paracetamol. Also given
manufacturer. Protect from light.
by im or sc injection for
pain relief.
Also for symptomatic
relief of acute diarrhoea
Name: Compound Camphor Spirit
Synonyms: Camphor (2-Camphanone; D-Camphor (natural); Alcanfor; Cânfora; Camphora; Camphre Droit (natural);
Camphre du Japon (natural); Kamfer; Kamferi)
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
APF 20
Camphor 0.3g, benzoic acid 0.5g,
Camphor: Slightly soluble
Camphor: Store at a
Micromedex
anise oil 0.3ml, ethanol (60%) to
in water (1 in 800); very
temperature not
Martindale
100ml
soluble in alcohol (1 in 1)
exceeding 40 degrees in
Camphor: C10H16O = 152.2
and in petroleum spirit;
airtight containers.
White crystalline powder or friable
very slightly soluble in
Applied externally,
crystalline masses, highly volatile
glycerol; freely soluble in
camphor acts as a
even at room temperature.
fatty oils. 1 in 0.5 of
rubefacient and mild
A liquid or soft mass is formed
chloroform, and 1 in 1 of
analgesic and is used in
when camphor is triturated with
ether; freely soluble in
liniments as a
cloral hydrate, menthol, phenol,
carbon disulfide and in
counter-irritant. It is also
and many other substances.
fixed and volatile oils.
an ingredient of many
Camphor is readily powdered by
inhaled nasal
triturating with a few drops of
decongestants. Taken
alcohol, ether, or chloroform.
internally camphor has
irritant and carminative
properties and has been
used as a mild
expectorant.
Name: Compound Hydroxybenzoate Solution
Synonyms:
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
APF 20
Methyl hydroxybenzoate 8g,
MH: Very slightly soluble
Preservative; antibacterial
Micromedex
propyl hydroxybenzoate 2g,
in water (1 in 400), 1 in 50
and antifungal properties.
Martindale
propylene glycol to 100ml
of water at 80 degrees;
The hydroxybenzoate
freely soluble in alcohol
preservatives are widely
MH: C(8)H(8)O(3) = 152.1
(1 in 3); 1 in 10 of ether;
used in cosmetics and are
Colourless crystals or a white
and freely soluble in
also used for food
crystalline powder.
methyl alcohol.
preservation. Also used
PH: Slightly soluble in
for treating skin
PH: C(10)H(12)O(3) = 180.2
water (1 in 2500); 1 in
infections.
A white crystalline powder.
400 of boiling water;
freely soluble in alcohol
(1 in 1.5) and in methyl
alcohol, 1 in 3 of ether.
Name: Compound tragacanth powder
Synonyms: Tragacanth: E413; Goma Alcatira; Goma de tragacanto; Gomme Adragante; Gum Dragon; Gum Tragacanth;
Trag.; Tragacantha; Tragacanto; Tragant.
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
APF 20
Tragacanth (finely powdered) 15g,
Tragacanth forms viscous
Micromedex
acacia (finely powdered) 20g,
solutions or gels with
Martindale
starch (finely powdered) 20g,
water, depending on the
sucrose (finely powdered) 45g
concentration. It is used
Tragacanth: occurs as thin,
as a suspending and
flattened, ribbon-like, white or
emulsifying agent
pale yellow, translucent, horny
Suspending agent for
strips. When reduced to a powder
internal use in
it forms a mucilaginous gel with
concentrations of 2-3%. In
about ten times its weight of
aqueous preparations,
water.
the powdered tragacanth
is first dispersed in a
wetting agent, such as
alcohol, to prevent
agglomeration on the
addition of water. Protect
from light.
Name: Concentrated chloroform water
Synonyms: Chloroform: Chloroformium Anesthesicum; Chloroformum; Chloroformum pro Narcosi; Cloroformo.
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
Micromedex
A colourless volatile liquid with a
Slightly soluble in water;
Chloroform: carminative,
Martindale
characteristic odour. Not more
miscible with dehydrated
flavouring and
than 5.0% v/v distils below 60
alcohol, with ether, with
preservative.
degrees and the remainder distils
fixed and volatile oils, and
Externally, chloroform has
at 60 degrees to 62 degrees. It
with most other organic
a rubefacient action. Also
contains 1.0 to 2.0% v/v of ethyl
solvents.
a solvent. Store in
alcohol; amylene 50
containers with glass
micrograms/mL is permitted as an
stoppers or other suitable
alternative to ethyl alcohol. The
closures. Protect from
label states whether it contains
light.
ethyl alcohol or amylene.
Name: Concentrated peppermint water
Synonyms: Peppermint oil: Essence de Menthe Poivree; Essencia de Hortela~-Pimenta; Menta piperita, aceite esencial
de; Menthae Piperitae Aetheroleum; Ol. Menth. Pip.; Oleum Menthae Piperitae; Pfefferminzol.
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
Micromedex
Peppermint oil: It contains 30.0 to
Miscible with alcohol and
Peppermint oil is an
Martindale
55.0% menthol, 14.0 to 32.0%
with dichloromethane.
aromatic carminative that
menthone, and 2.8 to 10.0%
Soluble 1 in 3 of alcohol
relaxes GI smooth muscle
menthyl acetate, 3.5 to 14.0%
(70%) with not more than
and relieves flatulence
cineole, 1.5 to 10.0%
slight opalescence.
and colic. Used for the
isomenthone, 1.0 to 9.0%
relief of symptoms of IBS
menthofuran, 1.0 to 5.0%
or GI spasm secondary to
limonene, not more than 4.0%
other disorders. Also used
pulegone, and not more than 1.0%
as a flavour and with
carvone; the ratio of eucalyptol
other volatile agents in
content to limonene content is
preparations for
greater than two.
respiratory-tract
It is a colourless, pale yellow, or
disorders. Store in
pale greenish-yellow liquid with a
well-filled, airtight
characteristic odour and taste
containers. Protect from
followed by a sensation of cold.
light and heat.
Name: Disodium edetate
Synonyms: Dinatrii Edetas; Disodium Edathamil; Disodium EDTA; Disodium Tetracemate; Edetate Disodium; Edetato
disodico; Natrii Edetas; Sodium Versenate.
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
Micromedex
C(10)H(14)N(2)Na(2)O(8),2H(2)O =
Soluble in water;
Sodium edetates are also
Martindale
372.2. A white or almost white,
practically insoluble in
used in cleaners for
crystalline powder. Sodium
alcohol.
contact lenses and as
edetate is a chelator with a high
antioxidant synergists. It
affinity for calcium, with which it
is also used topically to
forms a stable, soluble complex
treat calcium deposits in
that is readily excreted by the
the eye.
kidneys. It has been given
A 5% solution in water
intravenously, as the disodium and
has a pH of 4.0 to 5.5.
trisodium salts, in the emergency
Protect from light.
treatment of hypercalcaemia.
Name: Emulsifying Ointment
Synonyms:
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
Micromedex
Emulsifying wax 300 g (see below);
* WSP: Practically
Emulsifying ointment,
Martindale
white soft paraffin (White
insoluble in water, in
which contains
Petroleum Jelly) 500 g; liquid
alcohol, and in glycerol;
emulsifying wax (see
paraffin 200 g.
soluble in
below) with white soft
dichloromethane; freely
paraffin and liquid
WSP: Purified and wholly or nearly
soluble in chloroform, in
paraffin, was found to
decolorised mixture of semi-solid
benzene, and in carbon
have major sunscreen
hydrocarbons, obtained from
disulfide; soluble in ether,
activity in clinically
petroleum. It may contain a
in petroleum spirit, and in
normal skin.
suitable antioxidant. It is not
most fixed and volatile
LP taken internally, it acts
suitable for oral use. A white or
oils.
as a lubricant and, since it
almost white, translucent, soft
keeps the stools soft, it
unctuous mass, slightly fluorescent
* LP: Practically insoluble
has been used in the
in daylight when melted. Protect
in water; slightly soluble
symptomatic treatment
from light.
in alcohol; miscible with
of constipation.
hydrocarbons.
Externally, it may be used
LP: purified mixture of liquid
as an ingredient of
saturated hydrocarbons obtained
ointment bases, as an
from petroleum. It is a
emollient and cleanser in
transparent, colourless, oily liquid,
certain skin conditions,
free from fluorescence in daylight.
and as an ophthalmic
Protect from light.
lubricant for dry eye
Name: Emulsifying wax
Synonyms: Anionic Emulsifying Wax; Cera Emulsificans; Cera emulsionante; Cetylanum; Emulsif. Wax.
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
Micromedex
It is prepared from 9 parts of
Practically insoluble in
Emulsifying wax added to
Martindale
cetostearyl alcohol and 1 part of
water, forming an
fatty or paraffin bases
BP 2005
sodium laurilsulfate or sodium
emulsion; partly soluble
facilitates the preparation
salts of similar sulfated higher
in alcohol; freely soluble
of oil-in-water emulsions
primary aliphatic alcohols. An
in chloroform, in ether, in
which are absorbed and
almost white or pale yellow, waxy
most hydrocarbon
are nongreasy when
solid or flakes, becoming plastic
solvents, and in aerosol
rubbed into the skin. It is
when warmed, with a faint
propellants.
a constituent of many
characteristic odour.
hydrophilic ointment
bases for so-called
`washable' ointments.
Name: Eucalyptus oil
Synonyms: Esencia de Eucalipto; Essence d'Eucalyptus Rectifiee; Eucalipto, aceite esencial de; Eucalypti Aetheroleum;
Oleum Eucalypti.
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
Micromedex
Colourless or pale yellow liquid
Soluble 1 in 5 of alcohol
Has been taken by mouth
Martindale
with a characteristic aromatic
(70%).
for catarrh and coughs.
Ph. Eur. 5.5
camphoraceous odour and a
Used as an inhalation
pungent camphoraceous taste. It
often in combination with
contains not less than 70% w/w of
other volatile substances.
cineole.
A rubefacient and also
flavouring. Store in
well-filled airtight
containers at a temp
not > 25 degrees. Protect
from light.
Name: Glycerol
Synonyms: E422; Glicerol; Glycerin; Glycerine; Glycerol; Glycerolum.
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
Micromedex
A clear, colourless or almost
Miscible with water and
Used as a demulcent in
Martindale
colourless, very hygroscopic,
with alcohol; slightly
cough preparations.
syrupy liquid, unctuous to the
soluble in acetone;
Vehicle and solvent,
touch. Has not more than a slight
practically insoluble in
sweetening agent.
characteristic odour, which is
fixed oils and in essential
Lubricant and
neither harsh nor disagreeable.
oils, insoluble in
moisturising for topical
Store in airtight containers.
chloroform, in ether. Its
preparation, softening
solutions are neutral to
agent for ear drops.
litmus.
Name: Hypromellose
Synonyms: E464; Hipromelosa; Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose; Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose; Hypromellosum; Methyl
Hydroxypropyl Cellulose; Methylcellulose Propylene Glycol Ether; Methylhydroxypropylcellulose;
Methylhydroxypropylcellulosum.
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
Micromedex
A propylene glycol ether of
Practically insoluble in hot
Similar properties to
Martindale
methylcellulose containing a
water, in dehydrated
methylcellulose. Used for
variable proportion of methoxy
alcohol, in acetone, in
film-coating tablets, as a
and 2-hydroxypropoxy groups. A
chloroform, in ether, and
tablet binder, as a
white, yellowish-white, or
in toluene. A 1% w/w
modified-release matrix,
greyish-white powder or granules.
solution in water has a pH
and as an emulsifier,
Swells in water and produces a
of 5.5 to 8.0.
suspending agent, and
clear to opalescent, viscous,
stabiliser in topical gels
colloidal mixture.
and ointments.
Name: Light kaolin
Synonyms: Bolus Alba; Caolin; E559; Weisser Ton.
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
A native hydrated aluminium
Practically insoluble in
Light Kaolin (Natural) is
silicate, freed from most of its
water and in mineral
Light Kaolin which does
impurities by elutriation, and
acids.
not contain a dispersing
composition
dried. It contains a suitable
agent. They are
dispersing agent. It is a light,
absorbent antidiarrhoeal
white, odourless or almost
agents adjunct to
odourless, unctuous powder free
rehydration therapy. Light
from gritty particles.
kaolin externally as
dusting powder. Heavy
kaolin poultice reduces
inflammation and pain.
Name: Liquefied phenol
Synonyms: Carbolic Acid; Fenol; Phenic Acid; Phenolum; Phenyl Hydrate; Phenylic Acid.
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
Micromedex
An aqueous mixture containing
Soluble in water; miscible
It should be completely
BP 2005
phenol 77.0 to 81.5% w/w in
with alcohol, with ether,
melted before use. An
USP 29
purified water. A colourless to
and with glycerol.
antiseptic and
faintly coloured, caustic liquid with
disinfectant. Has been
a characteristic and not tarry
used for treatment of
odour.
ingrowing toenails.
Name: Liquid Paraffin
Synonyms: 905 (mineral hydrocarbons); Dickflussiges Paraffin; Heavy Liquid Petrolatum; Huile de Vaseline Epaisse;
Liquid Petrolatum; Mineral Oil; Oleum Petrolei; Oleum Vaselini; Paraffinum Liquidum; Paraffinum Subliquidum; Parafina
liquida; Vaselinol; Vaselinum Liquidum; White Mineral Oil.
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
A purified mixture of liquid
Practically insoluble in
Taken internally acts as
saturated hydrocarbons obtained
water; slightly soluble in
lubricant for constipation.
from petroleum. It is a
alcohol; miscible with
Contain in laxative
transparent, colourless, oily liquid,
hydrocarbons.
preparations. Externally
composition
Micromedex
free from fluorescence in daylight.
as ingredients of
ointment bases, as an
emollient and cleanser in
certain skin conditions.
Name: Liquorice liquid extract
Synonyms: Alcacuz; Glycyrrhiza; Licorice; Liquiritiae Radix; Liquorice Root; Orozuz; Raiz de Regaliz; Regaliz;
Sussholzwurzel.
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
composition
Micromedex
Relevant solubilities
Other information
Name: Magnesium trisilicate
Synonyms: E553(a); Magnesii Trisilicas; Magnesio, trisilicato de.
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
Micromedex
A compound of magnesium oxide
Practically insoluble in
A fine, white, odourless,
USP 29
and silicon dioxide with varying
water and in alcohol. It is
powder, free from
proportions of water. It contains
readily decomposed by
grittiness. Antacid
not less than 20% of magnesium
mineral acids.
properties. Given with
oxide and not less than 45% of
aluminium hydroxide
silicon dioxide. A fine, white,
which counteracts its
odourless, powder, free from
laxative effect.
grittiness.
Name: Massupol
Synonyms:
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
Name: Menthol
Synonyms: Hexahydrothymol; Mentholum; Mentol.
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
composition
Micromedex
It occurs as colourless, hexagonal
Slightly soluble in water;
Has a pleasant,
USP 29
crystals, usually needle-like, or in
very soluble in alcohol, in
peppermint-like odour.
fused masses, or crystalline
chloroform, in ether, and
Relieve symptoms of
powder.
in petroleum spirit; freely
bronchitis, sinusitis, and
soluble in glacial acetic
similar conditions. Has
acid, in fixed and volatile
analgesic effect and
oils, and in liquid paraffin.
relieves itching in topical
preparations.
Name: Methylhydroxybenzoate solution
Synonyms: E218; Metagin; Methyl Parahydroxybenzoate; Methylis Oxybenzoas; Methylis Parahydroxybenzoas; Methylis
Paraoxibenzoas; Methylparaben (USAN); Metilparabeno.
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
C8H8O3. Methyl
Soluble 1 in 400 of water,
Used as preservative with
4-hydroxybenzoate. Colourless
1 in 50 of water at 80
antibacterial and
crystals or a white crystalline
degrees, 1 in 3 of alcohol,
antifungal properties.
powder. M.p. 125 degrees to 128
and 1 in 10 of ether;
degrees.
freely soluble in methyl
composition
Micromedex
alcohol.
Name: Methyl salicylate
Synonyms: Methyl Sal.; Methyli Salicylas; Methylis Salicylas; Metylsalicylat; Metyylisalisylaatti; Salicilato de metilo.
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
Micromedex
C8H8O3. Methyl
Very slightly soluble in
Salicylate acid derivative
Ph. Eur. 5.5
2-hydroxybenzoate. A colourless,
water; Soluble in alcohol,
that is irritant to skin and
yellowish, or reddish liquid having
and in fatty and essential
is used topically in
the characteristic odour of
oils.
rubefacient preparations
wintergreen.
for the relief of pain in
musculoskeletal, joint,
and soft-tissue disorders.
Name: Orange syrup
Synonyms: Naranja. Sweet orange.
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
Micromedex
Sweet orange peel tincture 50 mL
An ingredient of herbal
USNF 24
anhydrous citric acid 5 g; talc 15 g;
remedies used for
sucrose 820 g; purified water to
nervous and sleep
1000 mL.
disorders.
Name: Paracetamol
Synonyms: Acetaminophen; N-Acetyl-p-aminophenol; Paracetamol; Paracetamolum; Parasetamoli
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
Micromedex
C8H9NO2. A white odourless
Soluble 1 in 20 of boiling
Protect from light.
Martindale
crystalline powder.
water, 1 in 10 of alcohol,
Analgesic and antipyretic
and 1 in 15 of 1N sodium
properties.
hydroxide.
Name: Peppermint oil
Synonyms: Essence de Menthe Poivree; Essencia de Hortela~-Pimenta; Menta piperita, aceite esencial de; Menthae
Piperitae Aetheroleum; Ol. Menth. Pip.; Oleum Menthae Piperitae; Pfefferminzol.
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
Micromedex
contains 30.0 to 55.0% menthol,
Miscible with alcohol
Aromatic carminative that
Martindale
14.0 to 32.0% menthone, and 2.8
(Soluble 1 in 3 of alcohol
relaxes GI SM and
to 10.0% menthyl acetate, 3.5 to
(70%)) and with
flatulence and colic.
14.0% cineole, 1.5 to 10.0%
dichloromethane
Enteric-coated capsules
isomenthone, 1.0 to 9.0%
relief symptoms of IBS 0.2
menthofuran, 1.0 to 5.0%
mL po tds. Also used as
limonene, not more than 4.0%
flavour in preparations for
pulegone, and not more than 1.0%
respiratory tract
carvone. It is a colourless, pale
disorders.
yellow, or pale greenish-yellow
liquid with a characteristic odour
and taste followed by a sensation
of cold.
Name: Phenoxyethanol
Synonyms: Ethylene Glycol 2-Monophenyl Ether; Ethyleneglycol Monophenylether; Fenoxietanol; Phenoxyaethanol;
Phenoxyethanolum; beta-Phenoxyethyl Alcohol; 2-Phenoxyethyl Alcohol.
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
Micromedex
C8H10O2. 2-Phenoxyethanol. A
Slightly soluble in water,
Preservative in cosmetic
Martindale
colourless slightly viscous liquid.
in arachis oil and in olive
and pharmaceuticals.
oil; miscible with alcohol,
Combine with
with acetone, and with
hydroxybenzoate to
glycerol.
achieve wider spectrum.
Also as antiseptic.
Name: Propylene glycol
Synonyms: E1520; Glicol Propilenico; Propilenglicol; Propilenoglicol; Propylenglycolum.
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
Micromedex
C3H8O2. (+/-)-Propane-1,2-diol. A
Miscible with water, with
It absorbs moisture when
Martindale
clear, colourless, viscous,
acetone, and with
exposed to moist air. Used
hygroscopic liquid.
chloroform; soluble in
as solvent and vehicle.
ether; will dissolve in
Has humectant properties
many essential oils but is
similar to glycerol in
immiscible with fixed oils.
topical moisturising
preparations.
Name: Red syrup
Synonyms:
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
Name: Salicylate acid
Synonyms: Acido Ortoxibenzoico; Acidum Salicylicum; Salicilico, acido; Salisyylihappo; Salizylsaure.
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
Micromedex
C7H6O3. 2-Hydroxybenzoic acid.
Soluble 1 in 460 of water,
Keratolytic properties for
Martindale
White or colourless acicular
1 in 15 of boiling water, 1
hyperkeratotic and scaling
crystals or a white crystalline
in 3 of alcohol, 1 in 45 of
skin conditions such as
powder.
chloroform, 1 in 3 of
dandruff, seborrhoeic
ether, and 1 in 135 of
dermatitis, itchyosis,
benzene.
psoriasis and acne. Also
fungicidal properties.
Name: Sodium citrate
Synonyms: Citrato de sodio; E331; Natrii Citras; Trisodium Citrate.
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
Micromedex
It is anhydrous or contains two
The hydrous form is
Has anti-clotting
Martindale
molecules of water of hydration.
soluble 1 in 1.5 of water
properties and is used in
Colourless crystals, or a white
and 1 in 0.6 of boiling
solutions of
crystalline powder.
water; practically
anticoagulation and
insoluble in alcohol.
preservation of blood for
transfusion purposes.
Also in cough mixtures.
Name: Sodium lauryl sulphate
Synonyms: Laurilsulfate de Sodium; Laurilsulfato de sodio; Natrii Laurilsulfas; Natrium Lauryl Sulphuricum; Sodium
Dodecyl Sulphate
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
Micromedex
A mixture of sodium alkyl sulfates,
Freely soluble 1 in 10 of
Anionic emulsifying
Martindale
consisting mainly of sodium
water giving an
agent. Detergent and
dodecyl sulfate. It contains not less
opalescent solution;
wetting agent. Medicated
than 85% of sodium alkyl sulfates
partly soluble in alcohol.
shampoos and skin
and not more than a total of 8% of
cleanser. Surfactant
sodium chloride and sodium
properties. Combination
sulfate. Small, white or light yellow
preparations for
crystals with a slight, characteristic
constipation.
odour.
Name: Sodium metabisulphite
Synonyms: Disodium Pyrosulphite; E223; Metabisulfito sodico; Natrii Disulfis; Natrii Metabisulfis; Sodium Disulphite;
Sodium Metabisulfite; Sodium Pyrosulphite.
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
Micromedex
Na2S2O5. White crystals or a
Freely soluble in water
Strong reducing agent as
Martindale
white to yellowish crystalline
and in glycerol; slightly
antioxidant. At higher
powder with an odour of sulfur
soluble in alcohol.
conc and acid ph exhibits
dioxide.
Name: Spike lavender oil
antimicrobial activity.
Synonyms: Alhucema, aceite esencial de; Huile Essentielle d'Aspic; Ol. Lavand. Spic.; Oleum Lavandulae Spicatae; Spicae
Actheroleum; Spike Oil.
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
Micromedex
Volatile oil from Lavandula
mainly used in perfumery
latifolia. It resembles lavender oil.
Name: Starch
Synonyms: Almidon; Amido; Amidon; Amilo; Amylum; Starke.
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
Micromedex
Consists of polysaccharide
Practically insoluble in
Absorbent and widely
Martindale
granules. Starch contains amylose
cold water and in alcohol.
used in dusting powder,
and amylopectin, both
either alone or mixed
polysaccharides based on
with zinc oxide. In tablets
alpha-glucose. Irregular, angular,
as binder, diluent, or
white masses or fine powder. Is
disintegrating agent.
odourless and has a slight,
characteristic taste.
Name: Sulphur
Synonyms: Azufre; Enxofre; Schwefel; Soufre; Sulfur.
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
Practically insoluble in
Keratolytic, mild
water; very slightly
antiseptic, mild
soluble in alcohol; slowly
antifungal, and
and usually incompletely
parasiticide. Widely used
soluble 1 in 2 of carbon
in lotions, creams, and
disulfide; soluble 1 in 100
ointments for acne,
of olive oil.
dandruff, seborrhoeic
composition
Micromedex
Martindale
S. A yellow powder.
conditions, scabies and
superficial fungal
infections.
Name: Syrup
Synonyms:
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
Name: Theobroma oil
Synonyms: Beurre de Cacao; Burro di Cacao; Butyrum Cacao; Cacao Butter; Cocoa Butter; Kakaobutter; Manteca de
cacao; Manteiga de Cacau; Ol. Theobrom.; Oleum Cacao; Oleum Theobromatis.
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
Micromedex
The solid fat obtained from the
Slightly soluble in alcohol;
Theobroma oil is used as
Martindale
roasted seeds of Theobroma
soluble in boiling
a basis for suppositories.
cacao. A yellowish-white,
dehydrated alcohol; freely
somewhat brittle, solid fat, with a
soluble in chloroform, in
slight odour of cocoa.
ether and in petroleum
spirit.
Name: White soft paraffin
Synonyms: 905 (mineral hydrocarbons); Paraff. Moll. Alb.; Paraffinum Molle Album; Vaselina Branca; Vaselina filante;
Vaseline Officinale; White Petrolatum; White Petroleum Jelly.
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
Micromedex
Purified and wholly or nearly
Insoluble in water; slightly
Used as ointment basis
Martindale
decolorised mixture of semi-solid
soluble in cold or hot
and emollient in the
USP 29
hydrocarbons, obtained from
alcohol and in cold
management of skin
petroleum. It may contain a
dehydrated alcohol; freely
disorders. Not suitable for
suitable antoxidant. A white or
soluble in chloroform, in
oral use. Not readily
almost white, translucent, soft
benzene, and in carbon
absorbed by the skin. In
unctuous mass, slightly fluorescent
disulfide; soluble in ether,
ointments for ophthalmic
in daylight when melted.
in petroleum spirit, and in
lubricants in the
most fixed and volatile
management of dry eyes.
oils.
Name: Wool fat
Synonyms: Adeps Lanae; Anhydrous Lanolin; Cera Lanae; Graisse de Suint Purifiee; Lanoleine; Lanolin; Lanolina;
Lanolina anhidra; Purified Lanolin; Refined Wool Fat; Suarda; Wollfett; Wollwachs.
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
Micromedex
A purified, anhydrous, waxy
Insoluble in water, but
Used in the formulations
Martindale
material obtained from the wool
mixes without separation
of water-in-oil creams
of the sheep (Ovis aries). It
with about twice its
and ointments. Mixed
contains not more than 0.25% of
weight of water; sparingly
with a suitable vegetable
water. A yellow, unctuous
soluble in cold alcohol;
oil or soft paraffin gives
substance. When melted, it is a
more soluble in hot
emollient creams that
clear or almost clear, yellow liquid.
alcohol; freely soluble in
penetrate the skin.
chloroform and in ether.
Name: Zinc oxide
Synonyms: Blanc de Zinc; Flores de Zinc; Zinc, oxido de; Zinci Oxidum; Zinci Oxydum; Zincum Oxydatum
Source
Structure, formula or chemical
Relevant solubilities
Other information
composition
Micromedex
ZnO. A white or yellowish-white,
Practically insoluble in
Mild astringent also used
Martindale
odourless, amorphous, very fine
water and in alcohol; it
topically as soothing
powder, free from grittiness.
dissolves in dilute mineral
protective applications
acids.
for eczema, slight
excoriation, in wound and
haemorrhoids. Reflects
UV used in sunscreen.