Total Number of Respondents: 448
Employer
Academia - 79
Government - 28
In-house counsel - 39
Judiciary - 2
Nonprofit organization - 11
Private Practice - 266
Trade Association - 1
Other – 12
Not Listed - 10
Practice Area
Biodiversity conservation - 18
Business transactions - 62
Land use - 32
Mining -7
Pollution - 164
Water - 49
Other – 97
Not listed – 19
Geographic Region
California - 30
Mid-atlantic - 72
Midwest - 87
Mountain States - 22
Northeast - 81
Pacific Northwest - 19
Southeast - 62
Southwest - 35
Canada - 2
Latin America - 2
Europe - 3
Asia - 0
Other – 10
Not Listed - 23
Years of Practice
(1-6) - 76
(7-15) - 86
(16-25) - 158
(26 and over) – 101
Not Listed - 26
Age
Under 25 - 1
(26-35) - 75
(36-45) - 79
(46-55) - 154
Over 55 – 116
Not Listed - 23
Most Important Three Cases
1. Massachusetts v. EPA (2007) 225
2. Chevron U.S.A., Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council (1984) 188
3. Rapanos v. United States (2006) 120
4. TVA v. Hill (1978) 68
5. Citizens to Preserve Overton Park, Inc. v. Volpe (1971) 58
6. Solid Waste Agency of Northern Cook County (SWANCC) v. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
(2001) 53
7. Sierra Club v. Morton (1972) 52
8. Gwaltney of Smithfield, Ltd. V. Chesapeake Bay Foundation (1987) 49
9. Lujan v. Defenders of Wildlife (1992) 43
10. Friends of the Earth v. Laidlaw Environmental Services (2000) 36
PLEASE NOTE THAT THE DATA THAT FOLLOW DO NOT INCLUDE THE
RESULTS FROM QUESTION XX (ASKING RESPONDENTS TO LIST UP TO SEVEN
ADDITIONAL SIGNIFICANT CASES). THUS THE FOLLOWING DATA ONLY
INCLUDE RESPONSES RELEVANT TO IDENTIFYING THE TOP THREE CASES.
a. Location:
*California:
Massachusetts v. EPA (2007) 14
Rapanos v. United States (2006) 10
Chevron U.S.A., Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council (1984)
13
TVA v. Hill (1978) 4
Sierra Club v. Morton (1972) 4
Citizens to Preserve Overton Park, Inc. v. Volpe (1971) 4
Calvert Cliffs’ Coordinating Committee, Inc. v. United States Atomic
Energy Commission (1971) 3
National Audubon Society v. Superior Ct of Alpine County (Mono Lake
decision) (1983) 3
Gwaltney of Smithfield, Ltd. V. Chesapeake Bay Foundation (1987) 3
Friends of the Earth v. Laidlaw Environmental Services (2000) 3
.
*Mid-atlantic :
Scenic Hudson Preservation Conference v. Federal Power Commission (1965)
11
Citizens to Preserve Overton Park, Inc. v. Volpe (1971) 12
TVA v. Hill (1978) 9
Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Corp. v. NRDC (1978) 7
Chevron U.S.A., Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council (1984) 39
Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council (1992) 9
Lujan v. Defenders of Wildlife (1992) 8
Massachusetts v. EPA (2007) 42
Rapanos v. United States (2006) 13
Solid Waste Agency of Northern Cook County (SWANCC) v. U.S. Army Corps
of Engineers (2001) 8
Midwest:
Massachusetts v. EPA (2007) 50
Rapanos v. United States (2006) 25
Solid Waste Agency of Northern Cook County (SWANCC) v. U.S.
Army Corps of Engineers (2001) 17
Lujan v. Defenders of Wildlife (1992) 12
Gwaltney of Smithfield, Ltd. V. Chesapeake Bay Foundation (1987) 13
Chevron U.S.A., Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council (1984) 32
Sierra Club v. Morton (1972)
9
Citizens to Preserve Overton Park, Inc. v. Volpe (1971) 9
Calvert Cliffs’ Coordinating Committee, Inc. v. United States Atomic
Energy Commission (1971) 6
Friends of the Earth v. Laidlaw Environmental Services (2000) 8
Mountain States:
Massachusetts v. EPA (2007) 12
Rapanos v. United States (2006) 5
Chevron U.S.A., Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council (1984) 14
TVA v. Hill (1978) 6
Kleppe v. Sierra Club (1976) 3
Sierra Club v. Morton (1972) 3
Citizens to Preserve Overton Park, Inc. v. Volpe (1971) 3
Norton v. Southern Utah Wilderness Alliance (2004) 3
Babbitt v. Sweet Home Chapter of Communities for a Great Oregon
(1995) 2
Whitman v. American Trucking Ass'n (2001)2
Northeast:
Massachusetts v. EPA (2007) 40
Rapanos v. United States (2006) 18
Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council (1992) 8
Lujan v. Defenders of Wildlife (1992) 5
Gwaltney of Smithfield, Ltd. V. Chesapeake Bay Foundation (1987) 11
Chevron U.S.A., Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council (1984) 31
United States v. Exxon (Exxon Valdez) (1979) 6
TVA v. Hill (1978) 9
Penn Central Transp. Co. v. New York City (1978) 6
Ethyl Corp. v. EPA (1976) 6
.
Pacific Northwest:
Sierra Club v. Morton (1972) 5
Massachusetts v. EPA (2007) 8
Rapanos v. United States (2006) 4
Friends of the Earth v. Laidlaw Environmental Services (2000) 4
Lujan v. Defenders of Wildlife (1992) 3
Chevron U.S.A., Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council (1984) 10
TVA v. Hill (1978) 9
Southeast:
Massachusetts v. EPA (2007) 31
Rapanos v. United States (2006) 26
Solid Waste Agency of Northern Cook County (SWANCC) v. U.S.
Army Corps of Engineers (2001) 9
Friends of the Earth v. Laidlaw Environmental Services (2000) 7
Lujan v. Defenders of Wildlife (1992) 8
Gwaltney of Smithfield, Ltd. V. Chesapeake Bay Foundation (1987) 9
Chevron U.S.A., Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council (1984)
TVA v. Hill (1978) 25
Georgia v. Tennessee Copper Co. (1907) 12
.
.
Southwest –
Massachusetts v. EPA (2007) 15
Rapanos v. United States (2006) 13
Solid Waste Agency of Northern Cook County (SWANCC) v. U.S.
Army Corps of Engineers (2001) 5
Chevron U.S.A., Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council (1984) 15
TVA v. Hill (1978) 9
Sierra Club v. Morton (1972) 6
Citizens to Preserve Overton Park, Inc. v. Volpe 3
Calvert Cliffs’ Coordinating Committee, Inc. v. United States Atomic
Energy Commission (1971) 2
Connecticut v. American Elec. Power Co., Inc (2005) 3
Canada :
Massachusetts v. EPA (2007) 1
Ethyl Corp. v. EPA (1976) 1
Pennsylvania Coal v. Mahon (1922) 2
Calvert Cliffs’ Coordinating Committee, Inc. v. United States Atomic
Energy Commission (1971) 1
Latin America:
United States v. Exxon (Exxon Valdez) (1979) 1
Chevron U.S.A., Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council (1984) 1
Massachusetts v. EPA (2007) 1
.
.
Europe:
Massachusetts v. EPA (2007) 2
Rapanos v. United States (2006) 1
Friends of the Earth v. Laidlaw Environmental Services (2000) 1
Lujan v. Defenders of Wildlife (1992) 1
Whitman v. American Trucking Ass'n (2001) 1
Sierra Club v. Morton (1972)
2
Calvert Cliffs’ Coordinating Committee, Inc. v. United States Atomic
Energy Commission (1971) 1
Asia:
Sierra Club v. Morton (1972)
2
Massachusetts v. EPA (2007) 2
Rapanos v. United States (2006) 1
Friends of the Earth v. Laidlaw Environmental Services (2000) 1
Lujan v. Defenders of Wildlife (1992) 1
Chevron U.S.A., Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council (1984) 1
Calvert Cliffs’ Coordinating Committee, Inc. v. United States Atomic
Energy Commission (1971) 1
Other:
.
.
.
Massachusetts v. EPA (2007) 4
Rapanos v. United States (2006) 4
Solid Waste Agency of Northern Cook County (SWANCC) v. U.S.
Army Corps of Engineers (2001) 2
Friends of the Earth v. Laidlaw Environmental Services (2000) 2
Chevron U.S.A., Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council (1984) 2
United States v. Exxon (Exxon Valdez) (1979) 2
TVA v. Hill (1978) 4
Kleppe v. Sierra Club (1976) 1
Ethyl Corp. v. EPA (1976) 1
Citizens to Preserve Overton Park, Inc. v. Volpe (1971) 2
Practice Length
(1-6):
Massachusetts v. EPA (2007) 36
Rapanos v. United States (2006) 23
Solid Waste Agency of Northern Cook County (SWANCC) v. U.S. Army Corps
of Engineers (2001) 11
Friends of the Earth v. Laidlaw Environmental Services (2000) 10
Lujan v. Defenders of Wildlife (1992) 16
Chevron U.S.A., Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council (1984) 37
TVA v. Hill (1978) 16
Sierra Club v. Morton (1972)
7
Citizens to Preserve Overton Park, Inc. v. Volpe (1971) 8
Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council (1992) 4
(7-15):
Massachusetts v. EPA (2007) 42
Rapanos v. United States (2006) 27
Solid Waste Agency of Northern Cook County (SWANCC) v. U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers (2001) 10
. Friends of the Earth v. Laidlaw Environmental Services (2000) 11
Lujan v. Defenders of Wildlife (1992) 10
Chevron U.S.A., Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council (1984) 42
TVA v. Hill (1978) 13
Ethyl Corp. v. EPA (1976) 7
Sierra Club v. Morton (1972) 7
Citizens to Preserve Overton Park, Inc. v. Volpe (1971) 7
Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council (1992) 9
.
(16-25):
Massachusetts v. EPA (2007) 90
Rapanos v. United States (2006) 44
Solid Waste Agency of Northern Cook County (SWANCC) v. U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers (2001) 23
Gwaltney of Smithfield, Ltd. V. Chesapeake Bay Foundation (1987) 26
. Chevron U.S.A., Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council (1984) 61
TVA v. Hill (1978) 21
Sierra Club v. Morton (1972) 24
. Citizens to Preserve Overton Park, Inc. v. Volpe (1971) 28
Lujan v. Defenders of Wildlife (1992) 11
Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council (1992) 10
(26 and over):
Massachusetts v. EPA (2007) 52
Rapanos v. United States (2006) 23
Solid Waste Agency of Northern Cook County (SWANCC) v. U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers (2001) 8
Friends of the Earth v. Laidlaw Environmental Services (2000) 7
Gwaltney of Smithfield, Ltd. V. Chesapeake Bay Foundation (1987) 13
Chevron U.S.A., Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council (1984) 42
TVA v. Hill (1978) 16
Citizens to Preserve Overton Park, Inc. v. Volpe (1971) 4
Just v. Marinette County (1972) 12
Scenic Hudson Preservation Conference v. Federal Power Commission (1965) 12
Practice Description:
Biodiversity conservation:
Rapanos v. United States (2006) 4
.Massachusetts v. EPA (2007) 9
Babbitt v. Sweet Home Chapter of Communities for a Great Oregon(1995) 5
Chevron U.S.A., Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council (1984) 4
Citizens to Preserve Overton Park, Inc. v. Volpe (1971) 4
Whitman v. American Trucking Ass'n (2001) 8
Lujan v. Defenders of Wildlife (1992) 3
Kleppe v. Sierra Club (1976) 3
Penn Central Transp. Co. v. New York City (1978)
Business transactions:
Rapanos v. United States (2006) 19
. Massachusetts v. EPA (2007) 35
Solid Waste Agency of Northern Cook County (SWANCC) v. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
(2001) 11
. Lujan v. Defenders of Wildlife (1992) 6
. Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council (1992) 5
Gwaltney of Smithfield, Ltd. V. Chesapeake Bay Foundation (1987) 11
. Chevron U.S.A., Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council (1984) 24
United States v. Exxon (Exxon Valdez) (1979) 7
TVA v. Hill (1978) 6
Penn Central Transp. Co. v. New York City (1978) 6
Land use :
Rapanos v. United States (2006) 9
. Massachusetts v. EPA (2007) 12
Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council (1992) 4
. Chevron U.S.A., Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council (1984) 13
TVA v. Hill (1978) 6
Sierra Club v. Morton (1972)
4
Pennsylvania Coal v. Mahon (1922) 4
Penn Central Transp. Co. v. New York City (1978) 3
Mining:
Solid Waste Agency of Northern Cook County (SWANCC) v. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
(2001) 2
Chevron U.S.A., Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council (1984) 2
Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Corp. v. NRDC (1978) 2
Pollution :
Rapanos v. United States (2006) 47
Massachusetts v. EPA (2007) 94
Solid Waste Agency of Northern Cook County (SWANCC) v. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
(2001) 19
Friends of the Earth v. Laidlaw Environmental Services (2000) 19
Gwaltney of Smithfield, Ltd. V. Chesapeake Bay Foundation (1987) 30
Chevron U.S.A., Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council (1984) 71
TVA v. Hill (1978) 20
Ethyl Corp. v. EPA (1976) 12
Sierra Club v. Morton (1972) 26
Citizens to Preserve Overton Park, Inc. v. Volpe (1971) 23
Water :
Rapanos v. United States (2006) 26
. Massachusetts v. EPA (2007) 17
Solid Waste Agency of Northern Cook County (SWANCC) v. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
(2001) 11
Chevron U.S.A., Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council (1984) 29
TVA v. Hill (1978) 13
Sierra Club v. Morton (1972)
5
. National Audubon Society v. Superior Ct of Alpine County (Mono Lake decision) (1983) 5
Friends of the Earth v. Laidlaw Environmental Services (2000) 6
Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council (1992) 5
Lujan v. Defenders of Wildlife (1992) 5
Other:
Rapanos v. United States (2006) 14
. Massachusetts v. EPA (2007) 54
Whitman v. American Trucking Ass'n (2001) 8
. Lujan v. Defenders of Wildlife (1992) 14
Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council (1992) 7
Chevron U.S.A., Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council (1984) 42
TVA v. Hill (1978) 14
Ethyl Corp. v. EPA (1976) 6
Citizens to Preserve Overton Park, Inc. v. Volpe (1971) 15
. Scenic Hudson Preservation Conference v. Federal Power Commission (1965) 7
Age
Under 25
Whitman v. American Trucking Ass'n (2001) -1
(26-35)
Massachusetts v. EPA (2007) 37
. Rapanos v. United States (2006) 21
Solid Waste Agency of Northern Cook County (SWANCC) v. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
(2001) 10
Friends of the Earth v. Laidlaw Environmental Services (2000) 10
Lujan v. Defenders of Wildlife (1992) 14
Chevron U.S.A., Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council (1984) 41
TVA v. Hill (1978) 14
Sierra Club v. Morton (1972) 7
Citizens to Preserve Overton Park, Inc. v. Volpe (1971) 8
Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council (1992) 6
(36-45) :
.
Massachusetts v. EPA (2007) 43
. Rapanos v. United States (2006) 27
Solid Waste Agency of Northern Cook County (SWANCC) v. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
(2001) 12
Lujan v. Defenders of Wildlife (1992) 7
Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council (1992) 8
. Chevron U.S.A., Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council (1984) 36
. TVA v. Hill (1978) 14
Sierra Club v. Morton (1972) 8
Citizens to Preserve Overton Park, Inc. v. Volpe (1971) 12
. Friends of the Earth v. Laidlaw Environmental Services (2000) 6
(46-55):
Massachusetts v. EPA (2007) 88
. Rapanos v. United States (2006) 41
Solid Waste Agency of Northern Cook County (SWANCC) v. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
(2001) 15
Friends of the Earth v. Laidlaw Environmental Services (2000) 15
Gwaltney of Smithfield, Ltd. V. Chesapeake Bay Foundation (1987) 21
Chevron U.S.A., Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council (1984) 65
TVA v. Hill (1978 22
Sierra Club v. Morton (1972)
22
Citizens to Preserve Overton Park, Inc. v. Volpe (1971) 22
Ethyl Corp. v. EPA (1976) 12
Whitman v. American Trucking Ass'n (2001) 12
(Over 55):
. Massachusetts v. EPA (2007) 54
. Rapanos v. United States (2006) 30
Solid Waste Agency of Northern Cook County (SWANCC) v. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
(2001) 15
Gwaltney of Smithfield, Ltd. V. Chesapeake Bay Foundation (1987) 18
Chevron U.S.A., Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council (1984) 43
TVA v. Hill (1978) 18
. Sierra Club v. Morton (1972)
15
. Calvert Cliffs’ Coordinating Committee, Inc. v. United States Atomic Energy Commission
(1971)
14
Citizens to Preserve Overton Park, Inc. v. Volpe (1971)
16
Scenic Hudson Preservation Conference v. Federal Power Commission (1965) 16
Practice Type
Academia:
Massachusetts v. EPA (2007) 33
Rapanos v. United States (2006) 14
Whitman v. American Trucking Ass'n (2001) 7
Defenders of Wildlife v. Babbitt (1997) 7
Lujan v. Defenders of Wildlife (1992) 7
Chevron U.S.A., Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council (1984) 29
TVA v. Hill (1978) 29
Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Corp. v. NRDC (1978) 9
Penn Central Transp. Co. v. New York City (1978) 10
Sierra Club v. Morton (1972) 13
Calvert Cliffs’ Coordinating Committee, Inc. v. United States Atomic Energy Commission (1971)
10
Government :
Massachusetts v. EPA (2007) 12
Rapanos v. United States (2006) 7
Lujan v. Defenders of Wildlife (1992) 8
Chevron U.S.A., Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council (1984) 16
Sierra Club v. Morton (1972)
7
TVA v. Hill (1978) 4
Citizens to Preserve Overton Park, Inc. v. Volpe (1971) 3
Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council (1992) 2
Kleppe v. Sierra Club (1976) 2
Scenic Hudson Preservation Conference v. Federal Power Commission (1965) 2
In-house counsel:
Massachusetts v. EPA (2007) 19
Rapanos v. United States (2006) 10
Solid Waste Agency of Northern Cook County (SWANCC) v. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
(2001) 6
Whitman v. American Trucking Ass'n (2001) 4
. Gwaltney of Smithfield, Ltd. V. Chesapeake Bay Foundation (1987) 4
Chevron U.S.A., Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council (1984) 18
United States v. Exxon (Exxon Valdez) (1979) 3
TVA v. Hill (1978) 4
. Ethyl Corp. v. EPA (1976)
4
Scenic Hudson Preservation Conference v. Federal Power Commission (1965) 6
Sierra Club v. Morton (1972)
3
Judiciary:
Solid Waste Agency of Northern Cook County (SWANCC) v. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
(2001) 1
Chevron U.S.A., Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council (1984) 1
. Kleppe v. Sierra Club (1976) 1
Nonprofit organization:
Massachusetts v. EPA (2007) 7
Rapanos v. United States (2006) 4
Solid Waste Agency of Northern Cook County (SWANCC) v. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
(2001) 2
Friends of the Earth v. Laidlaw Environmental Services (2000) 2
. Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council (1992) 2
Chevron U.S.A., Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council (1984) 2
TVA v. Hill (1978) 3
Private Practice:
Massachusetts v. EPA (2007) 144
Rapanos v. United States (2006) 80
Solid Waste Agency of Northern Cook County (SWANCC) v. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
(2001) 37
Friends of the Earth v. Laidlaw Environmental Services (2000) 23
Gwaltney of Smithfield, Ltd. V. Chesapeake Bay Foundation (1987) 41
Chevron U.S.A., Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council (1984) 115
TVA v. Hill (1978) 28
Citizens to Preserve Overton Park, Inc. v. Volpe (1971) 39
Sierra Club v. Morton (1972) 30
Trade Association:
Massachusetts v. EPA (2007) 1
Lujan v. Defenders of Wildlife (1992) 1
Chevron U.S.A., Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council (1984) 1
Other:
Massachusetts v. EPA (2007) 6
Rapanos v. United States (2006) 4
Chevron U.S.A., Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council (1984) 3
. Lujan v. Defenders of Wildlife (1992) 2
United States v. Exxon (Exxon Valdez) (1979) 2
West Virginia Division of Izaak Walton League of America v. Butz (Monongahela decision)
(1975) 3