From Certified Public Accountant (CPA) exam content specification
http://www.cpa-exam.org/download/CSOs%20for%20revised%20CPA%20Exam.pdf
Auditing and Attestation
I. Plan the engagement, evaluate the prospective client and engagement, decide
whether to accept or continue the client and the engagement, and enter into an
agreement with the client (22%–28%)
J. Consider other planning matters
5. Electronic evidence
6. Risks of auditing around the computer
II. Consider internal control in both manual and computerized environments
(12%–18%)
A. Obtain an understanding of business processes and information flows
B. Identify controls that might be effective in preventing or detecting
misstatements
C. Document an understanding of internal control
D. Consider limitations of internal control
Business Environment and Concepts
IV. Information technology (IT) implications in the business environment (22%–
28%)
A. Role of business information systems
1. Reporting concepts and systems
2. Transaction processing systems
3. Management reporting systems
4. Risks
B. Roles and responsibilities within the IT function
1. Roles and responsibilities of database/network/Web
administrators, computer operators, librarians, systems
programmers and applications programmers
2. Appropriate segregation of duties
C. IT fundamentals
1. Hardware and software, networks, and data structure, analysis,
and application, including operating systems, security, file
organization, types of data files, and database management
systems
2. Systems operation, including transaction processing modes,
such as batch, on-line, real-time, and distributed processing, and
application processing phases, such as data capture; edit
routines; master file maintenance; reporting, accounting, control,
and management; query, audit trail, and ad hoc reports; and
transaction flow
D. Disaster recovery and business continuity, including data backup and
data recovery procedures, alternate processing facilities (hot sites), and
threats and risk management
E. Financial statement and business implications of electronic commerce,
including electronic fund transfers, point of sale transactions, internetbased transactions and electronic data interchange
From Certified Management Accountant (CMA) content specification outline
http://www.imanet.org/ima/docs/2200/2127.pdf
Part I - Business Analysis
C. Internal Controls (15% - Level A)
1. Risk assessment and controls
a. Internal control structure and management philosophy
b. Internal control policies for safeguarding and assurance
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3. Systems controls and security measures
a. General accounting system controls
b. Application and transaction controls
c. Network controls
d. Flowcharting to assess controls
e. Backup controls
f. Disaster recovery procedures
Part 2 – Management Accounting and Reporting
C. Information Management (15% - Level A)
1. Nature and purpose of an information system
a. Business information systems
b. Transaction processing systems
c. Management information systems
2. Systems development and design
a. Systems development life cycle
b. Cost benefit analysis
3. Technology of information systems
a. Data communications, networks, and client/server systems
b. Database management systems
c. Decision support systems
d. Artificial intelligence and expert systems
e. Spreadsheets
f. Internet and intranet
4. Electronic commerce
a. Electronic data interchange
b. Business-to-business
c. Other e-commerce technologies
5. Integrated enterprise-wide data model
a. Enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems
b. Data warehousing and data mining
from Certified Internal Auditor (CIA) exam content specification
http://www.theiia.org/iia/index.cfm?doc_id=4206
Part III - Business Analysis and Information Technology
E. Information Technology (IT)
1. Control frameworks (e.g., eSAC, COBIT)
2. Data and network communications/connections (e.g., LAN, VAN, and
WAN)
3. Electronic funds transfer (EFT)
4. e-Commerce
5. Electronic data interchange (EDI)
6. Functional areas of IT operations (e.g., data center operations)
7. Encryption
8. Information protection (e.g. viruses, privacy)
9. Evaluate investment in IT (cost of ownership)
10. Enterprise-wide resource planning (ERP) software (e.g., SAP R/3)
11. Operating systems
12. Application development
13. Voice communications
14. Contingency planning
15. Systems security (e.g. firewalls, access control)
16. Databases
17. Software licensing
18. Web infrastructure