Unit 4: Cellular Biology
Use the following choices for questions 1-8.
a. phospholipid
b. protein
c. lipid tails
1.
2.
d. phosphate head
3. Is hydrophobic.
4. Is hydrophilic.
5. made of amino acids.
6. Forms bilayers when placed in water.
7.
8.
9. The cell membrane
a. controls what enters the cell
b. controls what leaves the cell
c. holds the materials inside the cell together
d. all of the above
e. none of the above
10. Cell membranes are made mostly of
a. phospholipids
b. steroids
c. proteins
d. carbohydrates
Use the following options to answer the following questions
a. Prokaryotes
b. Eukaryotes
c. Both
d. Neither
11. Cells that do not have a definite nucleus.
12. Cells contain genetic information.
13. Cells that are typically very small.
14. Cells that have membrane-bound organelles.
15. Are likely to have evolved first.
16. Which of the following statements is not true?
a. All organelles perform the same function within the cell.
b. Different cells contain different organelles.
c. The organelles of the cell have specialized structures.
d. The organelles of the cell allow the cell to perform all functions necessary for life.
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Match the organelle to its function.
Matching column. You may use answers more than once; however, there is only one match per
question. Not all answers have to be used.
17.
Holds DNA and nucleolus
a.
mitochondria
18.
Makes ribosomes
b.
nucleus
19.
Packages and distributes out proteins
c.
rough endoplasmic reticulum
20.
Digests macromolecules and causes cell-suicide
d.
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
21.
Site for protein synthesis
e.
nucleolus
22.
Synthesizes (makes) proteins directly
a.
chloroplast
23.
Synthesizes lipids and detoxifies
b.
lysosome
24.
Site for photosynthesis
c.
Cell wall
25.
Where glucose is synthesized
d.
ribosome
26.
Contains lysozyme
e.
Golgi Body
27.
Where ATP is synthesized/made
Objective: Contrast the components of plant and animal cells.
28. Which of the following statements is not true?
a. Some of the organelles within the plant and animal cells have structural differences.
b. Some of the organelles within the plant and animal cells have functional differences.
c. There are no differences between the organelles of the plant and animal cells.
d. Some of the organelles of the plant and animal cells have similar structures and
functions.
29. Which of the following statements is true?
a. Plant cells need organelles like chloroplasts to help them do photosynthesis.
b. Plant cells do not need organelles to help them do photosynthesis.
c. Animal cells need structures like chloroplasts to help them do photosynthesis.
d. Plant cells need structures like lysosomes that help them digest large molecules.
30. Vacuoles are...
a. needed only in plants to help them store water.
b. Needed only in animals to help them store water.
c. Needed in both plants and animal to help them store water.
d. None of the above.
31. The cell wall gives
a. extra support to plant cells
b. extra support to animal cells
c. extra support to both plant and animal cells
d. weakens the support in both plant and animals cells
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32. Which of the following is a piece of evidence used by scientists to support the theory that
mitochondria and chloroplasts were once prokaryotic cells?
a. Large DNA
b. Their own cell walls
c. Both can undergo photosynthesis
d. Both have prokaryote-like ribosomes
33. T/F: It is believed by modern-day scientists that mitochondria and chloroplasts were prokaryotic
cells that were taken in by eukaryotic cells billions of years ago
34. T/F: The fact that mitochondria and chloroplasts can replicate independently of the rest of the cell’s
organelles helps support the theory of endosymbiosis
Objective: Identify the differences between different types of cells.
35. Of which type of organelle would you expect a sperm cell to have many?
a. nucleus
b. ribosomes
c. Mitochondria
d. Lysosomes
36. Of which type of organelle would you expect a white blood cell to have many?
a. Nucleus
b. Ribosomes
c. Mitochondria
d. Lysosomes
Objective: Describe the processes of cell transport.
37. There are two processes that cells use to get necessary molecules. Active transport requires energy
and passive transport does not. When would molecules be able to passively diffuse over the
membrane?
a. When they are moving from a high concentration (lots of particles) to a low concentration
(few particles).
b. When they are moving from a low concentration to a high concentration.
c. When they are large molecules with a charge
d. When they are small molecules with a charge.
38. When particles are evenly distributed inside and outside a cell, the cell and the solution it is in are
said to
a. have a concentration gradient
b. have carrier molecules
c. be at equilibrium
d. be diffusing
39. The movement of very large particles (ones that cannot go through the membrane) over the cell
membrane is called...
a. passive transport
b. active transport
c. osmosis
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d. bulk movement
40. Water movement (osmosis) into and out of the cell could cause the cell to...
a. swell and burst
b. shrink and shrivel up (plasmolysis)
c. all of the above
d. none of the above
41. Why do cells need to transport materials?
a. In order to obtain necessary gases such as carbon dioxide and oxygen
b. In order to obtain necessary nutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins and lipids.
c. In order to get rid of waste materials.
d. All of the above
42. Diffusion requires no energy from the outside. In diffusion, molecules must move from...
a. high concentrations to low
b. low concentrations to high
c. large molecules to smaller molecules
d. smaller molecules to larger molecules
43. What EXACTLY is believed to directly cause the motion that allows diffusion to occur?
a. Vibration of protons
b. Vibration of neutrons
c. Electrical interactions in the nucleus
d. The motion of electrons
44. Which term best describes when molecules move down their concentration gradient?
a.
diffusion
b.
osmosis
c.
active transport
d.
cellular action
45. Which term best describes when water moves down its concentration gradient through a selectively
permeable membrane?
a.
diffusion
b.
osmosis
c.
active transport
d.
cellular action
46. Which term best describes when molecules move up their concentration gradient with the help of a
protein that is fueled by ATP?
a.
diffusion
b.
osmosis
c.
active transport
d.
cellular action
47. What would happen to an animal cell if it is placed in a hypertonic solution?
a.
it would burst
b.
it would shrivel
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c.
d.
nothing would happen
it would shrivel then explode
48. What would happen to a plant cell if it is place in a hypertonic solution?
a.
osmosis
b.
plasmolysis
c.
turgor pressure
d.
turgid
Use the following diagrams to answer the next several questions. Assume that each
semipermeable (permeable to water but not salt) bag is filled with a 70% water and 30% salt
solution. Coloration in the diagrams does not indicate concentration—use the concentrations
provided.
40% water
60% salt
A
49.
50.
51.
52.
70% water
30% salt
75% water
25% salt
100% water
C
D
B
How would you describe Beaker A compared to the bag?
a.
hypertonic
b.
isotonic
c.
hypotonic
d. can’t tell
How would you describe Beaker d compared to the bag?
a.
hypertonic
b.
isotonic
c.
hypotonic
d. can’t tell
Which way would water flow in situation B?
a.
Into the bag
b.
Out of the bag
c.
Neither
d. can’t tell.
Which way would water flow in situation C?
a.
Into the bag
b.
Out of the bag
c.
Neither
d. can’t tell.
53.
In which situation would the bag’s concentration of salt increase the most?
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D
54.
In which situation would the bag’s concentration of salt decrease the most?
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D
55.
Which beaker is the most hypotonic?
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D
Which beaker is the most hypertonic?
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D
56.
NAME:
5
LAB PRACTICAL: The following questions refer to the Pea Lab started yesterday. You must work
alone for this part of the test, although you may share the weights of the peas with your partner.
1. What was your control group?
2. What was the only variable you changed between the control group and experimental group?
3. What was the independent variable?
4. What was the dependent variable?
5. Was the water hypotonic, isotonic or hypertonic compared to the peas?
6. What evidence do you have to support your answer in #5?
7. Why don’t plant cells burst when placed in this type of solution?
8. What would happen if you watered your mother’s prized roses with very salty water?
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